JP2016531428A - 複合構造のシリコンウエハー、その製造方法及びそれを用いた太陽電池 - Google Patents
複合構造のシリコンウエハー、その製造方法及びそれを用いた太陽電池 Download PDFInfo
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic chloride Chemical compound ClP=O RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 claims description 15
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910019213 POCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 87
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001004 secondary ion mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021424 microcrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005360 phosphosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007261 regionalization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
Si+4OH−+4H+→Si(OH)4+2H2‥‥‥‥(1)
太陽電池を製造するためにさらに行われる工程は、リンケイ酸ガラス(PSG:Phospho silicate glass)除去段階、電極形成段階などを経て太陽電池を製造するが、これは一般に開示された方法によって製造することができるので、これについての具体的な説明は省略する。
シリコンウエハーの準備及びピラミッドパターンの形成
単結晶シリコン中の(100)結晶方向のシリコンウエハーを準備し、ウェットエッチング液としてはNaOH2重量%、イソプロピルアルコール5重量%及び脱イオン水93重量%を用いて80℃の高温とし、前記シリコンウエハーをウェットエッチングさせる。
シリコン(100)方向のシリコンウエハーを準備し、ピラミッドパターン上にナノワイヤーを形成するためのナノワイヤー形成溶液としてフッ酸、脱イオン水、過酸化水素及びAgNO3を用いるが、脱イオン水176mL、フッ酸22mL(4.8mol)及び過酸化水素2mL(0.5mol)が混合された溶液にAgNO310mmolを分散させて完成した。
実施例1と同様にして行うが、ナノワイヤー形成溶液への浸漬時間をそれぞれ60秒(実施例2)、75秒(実施例3)、90秒(実施例4)、120秒(実施例5)及び180秒(実施例6)にして、ピラミッド及びナノワイヤーの複合構造が形成されたシリコンウエハーを製造した。
実施例1においてナノワイヤーを形成する過程なしにシリコンウエハーを準備し、ピラミッドパターンを形成することを同様にして行うことにより、ピラミッドパターンのみ形成されたシリコンウエハーを製造した。
シリコンウエハーの準備及びピラミッドパターンの形成
単結晶シリコン中の(100)結晶方向のシリコンウエハーを準備し、ウェットエッチング液としてNaOH2重量%、イソプロピルアルコール5重量%及び脱イオン水93重量%を用いて80℃の高温とし、前記シリコンウエハーをウェットエッチングさせる。
シリコン(100)方向のシリコンウエハーを準備し、ピラミッドパターン上にナノワイヤーを形成するためのナノワイヤー形成溶液としてフッ酸、脱イオン水、過酸化水素及びAgNO3を用いるが、脱イオン水176mL、フッ酸22mL(4.8mol)及び過酸化水素2mL(0.5mol)が混合された溶液にAgNO310mmolを分散させて完成した。
POCl3ドーピングの際に形成されたシート抵抗は50Ω/sqとし、この時のドーピング温度は860℃とした。
実施例7と同様にして行うが、ナノワイヤーの形成のための浸漬時間をそれぞれ60秒(実施例8)、75秒(実施例9)、90秒(実施例10)にして複合構造のシリコンウエハーを製造した。
実施例7と同様にしてピラミッドパターンを形成した。但し、ナノワイヤーを形成する過程なしにピラミッドパターンのみを形成した。そこで、POCl3をドープせずに、レーザードーピングを用いてシリコンウエハーを製造した。
Claims (14)
- ウェットエッチングでピラミッドパターンが形成された方向性を有するシリコンウエハーにおいて、
前記ピラミッドパターン上にシリコンの結晶方向に沿ってナノワイヤーが形成されることを特徴とする、複合構造のシリコンウエハー。 - 前記ナノワイヤーの形成後にPOCl3でドープされたことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の複合構造のシリコンウエハー。
- 前記ウェットエッチングがNaOH1〜3重量%、有機溶媒4〜8重量%及び脱イオン水90〜95重量%のエッチング液を用いて70〜80℃の温度で行われることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の複合構造のシリコンウエハー。
- 前記有機溶媒が、イソプロピルアルコール、エチルアルコール、メチルアルコール及びアセトンよりなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種含まれることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の複合構造のシリコンウエハー。
- 前記ナノワイヤーは、ピラミッドパターン上で酸化エッチング反応によって形成されるが、
フッ酸、脱イオン水、過酸化水素及びAgNO3からなる溶液に、ピラミッドパターンの形成されたシリコンウエハーを浸漬することにより形成され、
フッ酸を基準に、脱イオン水:フッ酸が8:1〜10:1の体積比で混合され、過酸化水素:フッ酸が1:6〜1:10のモル比で混合され、AgNO3:フッ酸が1:300〜1:500のモル比で混合されることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の複合構造のシリコンウエハー。 - 方向性を有するシリコンウエハーの準備段階;
前記シリコンウエハーの表面にウェットエッチングでピラミッドパターンを形成するピラミッドパターン形成段階;及び
前記ウェットエッチングでピラミッドパターンが形成されたシリコンウエハーの表面を酸化させてナノワイヤーを形成するナノワイヤー形成段階を含んでなることを特徴とする、複合構造のシリコンウエハーの製造方法。 - 前記ナノワイヤー形成段階の後、前記シリコンウエハーをPOCl3でドープするドーピング段階をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の複合構造のシリコンウエハーの製造方法。
- 前記ウェットエッチングがNaOH1〜3重量%、有機溶媒4〜8重量%及び脱イオン水90〜95重量%のエッチング液を用いて70〜80℃の温度で行われることを特徴とする、請求項6または7に記載の複合構造のシリコンウエハーの製造方法。
- 前記有機溶媒が、イソプロピルアルコール、エチルアルコール、メチルアルコール及びアセトンよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種含まれることを特徴とする、請求項6または7に記載の複合構造のシリコンウエハーの製造方法。
- 前記ナノワイヤーは、ピラミッドパターン上で酸化エッチング反応によって形成されるが、
フッ酸、脱イオン水、過酸化水素及びAgNO3からなる溶液に、ピラミッドパターンの形成されたシリコンウエハーを浸漬することにより形成され、
フッ酸を基準に、脱イオン水:フッ酸が8:1〜10:1の体積比で混合され、過酸化水素:フッ酸が1:6〜1:10のモル比で混合され、AgNO3:フッ酸が1:300〜1:500のモル比で混合されることを特徴とする、請求項6または7に記載の複合構造のシリコンウエハーの製造方法。 - 前記浸漬時間が45〜90秒であることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の複合構造のシリコンウエハーの製造方法。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の複合構造のシリコンウエハーまたは請求項6〜11のいずれか1項に記載の複合構造のシリコンウエハーの製造方法を用いて製造された太陽電池。
- 前記太陽電池におけるシート抵抗が50〜60Ω/sqであることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の太陽電池。
- 前記太陽電池におけるキャリアの寿命が47〜55μsであることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の太陽電池。
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