JP2016519389A - 微小抵抗率鉛酸バッテリーセパレータ - Google Patents
微小抵抗率鉛酸バッテリーセパレータ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016519389A JP2016519389A JP2016502242A JP2016502242A JP2016519389A JP 2016519389 A JP2016519389 A JP 2016519389A JP 2016502242 A JP2016502242 A JP 2016502242A JP 2016502242 A JP2016502242 A JP 2016502242A JP 2016519389 A JP2016519389 A JP 2016519389A
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- polymer web
- microporous polymer
- separator
- silica
- web
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- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical group [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
PC=(−2γLVcosΘ)/r
ここで、PCは毛管圧、γLVは気液界面の表面張力、Θは接触角、rは細孔半径を示す。このような毛管圧は、細孔の崩壊や収縮をもたらすことがあり、その結果、完成したセパレータシートの寸法収縮やより小さな孔径分布をもたらす。毛管圧は抽出溶媒の表面張力に左右される−表面張力が高くなるほど毛管圧は高くなり、そして毛管圧が高くなるほどセパレータが収縮する−。また、溶媒蒸発の速度は、セパレータ収縮量及び細孔構造に影響を与え得る。一般的に、抽出乾燥後のセパレータシートは、成形された油入シートのおよそ70〜85%の最終幅と隔壁間隔を有している。
44kgのUHMWPE(U090、KPIC)
120kgの沈殿シリカ(1165MP製粉、Rhodia)
75kgの再生ペレット(65%オイル+25%シリカ+10%UHMWPE)
3.23kgの着色剤(50%Cブラック+50%HDPE)
0.58kgの抗酸化物質(ヒンダードフェノール)
0.58kgの潤滑油(Ca/Znステアリン酸塩)。
乾燥機に導入するスチームの有る無しの両方の場合でバッテリーセパレータを製造する際、横方向の収縮及びシートの幅が、切断及び巻き取り作業の前で大きく相違していることが観測された。図2は、それぞれのサンプル製造条件(実施例1及び実施例2)において製造されたセパレータサンプルを比較するための走査電子顕微鏡写真(SEM)を2列に並べて示している。それぞれの列におけるSEMの左側、中央、及び右側の寸法目盛は、それぞれ、10μm(2500倍に拡大)、2μm(10000倍に拡大)、及び1μm(20000倍に拡大)である。図2は、これらの異なる乾燥条件(スチームの有無)において製造されたセパレータの形態上の相違がわずかであることを明示している。
Claims (20)
- バッテリーセパレータとして使用するために構成される微多孔質ポリマーウェブにおいて、前記微多孔質ポリマーウェブは、厚みを有し、かつ、ポリオレフィンの3次元マトリクスと、湿潤性コンポーネントと、前記微多孔質ポリマーウェブの前記厚みを貫通する、表面を有する有効貫通細孔と、を含み、前記有効貫通細孔は、十分に高濃度な湿潤性コンポーネントの存在により生じる湿潤性電解質面を有する第1の多数細孔と、十分に高濃度な前記湿潤性コンポーネントの不在により生じる非湿潤性電解質面を有する第2の多数細孔とを含み、また、前記バッテリーセパレータは、電解質が前記第1の多数細孔に浸透する際、気孔率及び電気抵抗率により特徴付けられる前記微多孔質ポリマーウェブから形成されており、
疎水性尾部コンポーネントを含む表面活性分子が前記微多孔質ポリマーウェブ全体に分布し、前記表面活性分子の前記疎水性尾部コンポーネントがポリオレフィンの前記3次元マトリクスに結合することにより、前記第2の多数細孔の少なくとも一部の前記有効貫通細孔を前記電解質にアクセス可能とし、そしてこれにより、前記バッテリーセパレータの電気抵抗率の低下がもたらされるように改良されている、微多孔質ポリマーウェブ。 - 疎水性尾部コンポーネントを含む前記表面活性分子は、ポリエチレングリコール及びポリプロピレングリコールのブロック共重合体、ポリエチレン酸化物及びポリプロピレン酸化物のブロック共重合体、アルキルエーテルカルボン酸塩、脂肪酸アルコールの硫酸塩、直鎖状アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、及びリン酸エステルを含む群から選択される請求項1に記載の微多孔質ポリマーウェブ。
- 前記表面活性分子は、アルキル部位の最小アルキル鎖長がC8の直鎖状アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩を含んでいる請求項1に記載の微多孔質ポリマーウェブ。
- 前記アルキル部位が、C10からC16のアルキル鎖長を有している請求項3に記載の微多孔質ポリマーウェブ。
- 前記表面活性分子がドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウムである請求項1に記載の微多孔質ポリマーウェブ。
- 前記ポリオレフィンがポリエチレンである請求項1に記載の微多孔質ポリマーウェブ。
- 前記ポリエチレンが超高分子量ポリエチレンを含んでいる請求項6に記載の微多孔質ウェブ。
- 前記湿潤性コンポーネントがシリカ質充填剤を含んでいる請求項1に記載の微多孔質ポリマーウェブ。
- 前記シリカ質充填剤が沈殿シリカを含んでいる請求項8に記載の微多孔質ポリマーウェブ。
- 前記ポリオレフィンは、昇温状態で前記超高分子量ポリエチレンを可塑剤に溶媒和させた後、溶媒で前記可塑剤を抽出することと、制御された熱風乾燥により前記溶媒を蒸発させ、前記バッテリーセパレータの前記電気抵抗率の減少に寄与する孔径分布を有する前記貫通細孔を前記微多孔質ポリマーウェブに形成すること、とを含む押し出し過程により形成される、超高分子量ポリエチレンを含有している請求項1に記載の微多孔質ポリマーウェブ。
- 前記ポリオレフィンが超高分子量ポリエチレンを含み、また、前記湿潤性コンポーネントは前記微多孔質ポリマーウェブがおよそ1.2:1及びおよそ3.0:1の間のポリエチレンに対するシリカ重量比を有するような量のシリカを含んでいる請求項1に記載の微多孔質ポリマーウェブ。
- 微多孔質ポリマーウェブの形成過程において、その寸法収縮を減少させる方法であって、
前記ポリオレフィンと、可塑剤と、湿潤性コンポーネントと、疎水性尾部コンポーネントを含む表面活性分子とを含む混合物を押し出し、3次元マトリクスに形成されたポリオレフィンを有する、可塑剤充填ポリマーシートを製造し、
前記ポリマーシートから前記可塑剤を抽出するための溶媒を使用することにより、厚みを有する微多孔質ポリマーウェブであって、前記微多孔質ポリマーウェブの前記厚みを貫通する貫通細孔を含む微多孔質ポリマーウェブを形成し、また、
スチームを用いることなく制御された熱風乾燥で前記溶媒を蒸発させることにより、前記貫通細孔の収縮を減少させ、そしてこれにより、前記微多孔質ポリマーウェブの寸法収縮を減少させることにより、前記ポリマーマトリクスに前記表面活性分子の前記疎水性尾部コンポーネントが結合した完成ポリマーウェブを形成する方法。 - スチームを用いることなく、制御された熱風乾燥で前記溶媒を蒸発させることにより、
前記微多孔質ポリマーウェブにスチームを噴射することにより前記溶媒を蒸発させて製造した場合よりも、前記孔径分布をより大きな平均細孔サイズに変化させる請求項12に記載の方法。 - 前記ポリオレフィンは超高分子量ポリエチレンを含み、また、前記湿潤性コンポーネントは前記微多孔質ポリマーウェブがおよそ1.2:1及びおよそ3.0:1の間のポリエチレンに対するシリカ重量比を有するような量のシリカを含む請求項12に記載の方法。
- 疎水性尾部コンポーネントを含む前記表面活性分子は、ポリエチレングリコール及びポリプロピレングリコールのブロック共重合体、ポリエチレン酸化物及びポリプロピレン酸化物のブロック共重合体、アルキルエーテルカルボン酸塩、脂肪酸アルコールの硫酸塩、直鎖状アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、及びリン酸エステルを含む群から選択される請求項12に記載の微多孔質ポリマーウェブ。
- 前記表面活性分子は、アルキル部位の最小アルキル鎖長がC8の直鎖状アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩を含んでいる請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記アルキル部位が、C10からC16のアルキル鎖長を有している請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記表面活性分子がドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウムである請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記湿潤性コンポーネントがシリカ質充填剤を含んでいる請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記シリカ質充填剤が沈殿シリカを含んでいる請求項19に記載の方法。
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