JP2016506982A - 吸水性ポリマー粒子から残留モノマーを除去する方法 - Google Patents
吸水性ポリマー粒子から残留モノマーを除去する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016506982A JP2016506982A JP2015555635A JP2015555635A JP2016506982A JP 2016506982 A JP2016506982 A JP 2016506982A JP 2015555635 A JP2015555635 A JP 2015555635A JP 2015555635 A JP2015555635 A JP 2015555635A JP 2016506982 A JP2016506982 A JP 2016506982A
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- water
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- VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K tris(lactato)aluminium Chemical compound CC(O)C(=O)O[Al](OC(=O)C(C)O)OC(=O)C(C)O VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- USIPWJRLUGPSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol triacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.NCCNCCO USIPWJRLUGPSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003799 water insoluble solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002076 α-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
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Abstract
Description
a)アルキルグリコシドおよびポリグリコシド、例えばラウリルグリコシド、ココグリコシドおよびこれらの化合物を含有する界面活性剤混合物。この種の界面活性剤は、Plantacare(登録商標)(BASF SE社)およびEuperlan(登録商標)(BASF SE)およびLutensol(登録商標)GD(BASF SE社)の商品名で入手可能である。例示的に、ココグリコシド(Plantacare(登録商標)818UP、BASF SE社、CAS−No.110615−47−9/68515−73−1)、ラウリルグリコシド(Plantacare(登録商標)1200UP、BASF SE社、CAS−No.110615−47−9)、ラウリルグリコシドとココミドプロピルベタインとの混合物(Plantacare(登録商標)K55、BASF SE社、CAS−No.110615−47−9/61789−40−0)、ナトリウムラウレトスルフェートとラウリルグリコシドとの混合物(Plantacare(登録商標)PS10、BASF SE社、CAS−No.110615−47−9/68891−38−3)、ラウリルグリコシドおよびステアリルシトレートを有するパール光沢様ワックス分散液(Euperlan(登録商標)Green、BASF SE社、CAS−No.110615−47−9/1137−33−4)、ココグリコシドを有するスチレン/アクリレート分散液(Euperlan(登録商標)PCO、BASF SE社)を挙げることができる。
b)一般的な構造式H2n+1CnO(C2H4O)nHのエトキシル化アルキルアルコール、殊に脂肪アルコール、オキソアルコール、グエルベトアルコール。この種の界面活性剤は、例えばLutensol(登録商標)AT、AO、TO、XP、XL、XA、ON(BASF SE社)の商品名で入手可能である。
c)エトキシル化アルキルフェノール、例えばLutensol(登録商標)AP(BASF SE社)。
d)エトキシル化ヒマシ油、例えばEmulan(登録商標)(BASF SE社)。
e)エトキシル化アルキルアミド、例えばオレイルアミド、ココアミド、オレイン酸アミド。この種の界面活性剤は、Lutensol(登録商標)FAおよびFSA(BASF SE社)の商品名で入手可能である。
f)陽イオン性界面活性剤、例えば塩化ベンザルコニウム、ベンジルジメチルドデシルアンモニウムクロリド、ベンジルジメチルアンモニウムクロリド、ミリスタルコニウムクロリド、セタルコニウムクロリド、ベンジルジメチルステアリルアンモニウムクロリド、ベンジルジメチルステアリルアンモニウムクロリド、ジデシルジメチルアンモニウムクロリド、ジドデシルジメチルアンモニウムクロリド、ジメチルジテトラデシルアンモニウムクロリド、ジヘキサデシルジメチルアンモニウムクロリド、ジメチルジオクタデシルアンモニウムクロリド、ジタロージメチルアンモニウムクロリド、ヘキサデシル−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)ジメチルアンモニウムジハイドロジェンホスフェート、特に好ましくは、Luviquat(登録商標)Mono CP(BASF SE社)の商品名で入手可能なヘキサデシル−(2−ヒドロキシルエチル)ジメチルアンモニウムジハイドロジェンホスフェートである。
吸水性ポリマー粒子は、例えば
a)少なくとも部分的に中和されていてよい、少なくとも1つの、酸基を有するエチレン性不飽和モノマー、
b)少なくとも1つの架橋剤、
c)少なくとも1つの開始剤、
d)任意に、a)に記載されたモノマーと共重合しうる、1つ以上のエチレン性不飽和モノマー、
e)任意に、1つ以上の水溶性ポリマーまたは水溶性コポリマー
を含有するモノマー溶液を重合させることによって製造され、かつ通常、水不溶性である。
測定は、別記しない限り、23±2℃の環境温度および50±10%の相対空気湿度で実施される。吸水性ポリマーを測定前に十分に混合する。
吸水性ポリマー粒子の残留モノマー含量を、EDANAによって推奨された試験方法WSP No.210.2−05“Residual Monomers:残留モノマー”により測定する。
吸水性ポリマー粒子の含水量を、EDANAによって推奨された試験法No.WSP 230.2−05“Mass Loss Upon Heating:加熱下での質量損失”により測定する。
遠心分離保持能(CRC)を、EDANAによって推奨された試験法No.WSP241.2−05“Fluid Retention Capacity in Saline,After Centrifugation:遠心分離後の生理食塩水中での流体保持能”により測定する。
吸水性ポリマー粒子の21.0g/cm2(AUL0.3psi)の圧力下での吸収量を、EDANAによって推奨された試験法No.WSP 242.2−05“Absorption under Pressure,Gravimetric Determination:圧力下での吸収量、重量測定法”により測定する。
0.0g/cm2(AUL0.0psi)の圧力下での吸収量を、EDANAによって推奨された試験法No.WSP 242.2−05“Absorption under Pressure,Gravimetric Determination:圧力下での吸収量、重量測定法”と同様に測定し、この場合21.0g/cm2(AUL0.3psi)の圧力の代わりに0.0g/cm2(AUL0.0psi)の圧力に調節する。
49.2g/cm2(AUL0.7psi)の圧力下での吸収量を、EDANAによって推奨された試験法No.WSP 242.2−05“Absorption under Pressure,Gravimetric Determination:圧力下での吸収量、重量測定法”と同様に測定し、この場合21.0g/cm2(AUL0.3psi)の圧力の代わりに49.2g/cm2(AUL0.7psi)の圧力に調節する。
嵩密度をEDANAによって推奨された試験法No.WSP 260.2−05“Density,Gravimetric Determination:密度、重量測定法”により測定する。
吸水性ポリマー粒子の抽出性成分の含量を、EDANAによって推奨される試験方法No.WSP 270.2−05“Extractable:抽出性”と同様に測定する。抽出時間は、16時間である。
この膨潤速度(FSR、Free Swell Rate:自由膨潤速度)を測定するために、吸水性ポリマー粒子1.00g(=W1)を25mlのビーカー中に計量供給し、かつ当該ビーカーの底面上に均一に分配する。次に、0.9質量%の食塩溶液20mlを、ディスペンサーを用いて第2のビーカー中に計量供給し、このビーカーの内容物を第1のビーカーに迅速に添加し、ストップウォッチを始動させる。食塩溶液の最後の液滴が吸収されて液体表面上での鏡映が失われることが確認されたら直ちに、ストップウォッチを停止させる。第2のビーカーから注ぎ出されかつ第1のビーカー中で前記ポリマーにより吸収された、正確な液体量を、第2のビーカーの再計量によって正確に測定する(=W2)。ストップウォッチで測定された、前記吸収に必要とされる時間をtとして示す。前記表面上で最後の液滴が消滅することを時間tとして測定する。
FSR[g/g s]=W2/(W1×t)
しかし、前記吸水性ポリマー粒子の含水量が3質量%を上回る場合には、この含水量を考慮して、質量W1を補正すべきである。
色彩測定をCIELAB法(Hunterlab、第8巻、1996年版、第7号、第1〜4頁)に相応して、比色計、型式“LabScan XE S/N LX17309”(HunterLab社,Reston在,US)を用いて実施する。その際に、色彩は、三次元座標系L、aおよびbにより記載される。その際に、Lは明度を示し、この場合、L=0は、黒であり、かつL=100は、白である。aおよびbの値は、色軸赤/緑上または黄/青上の色の位置を規定し、その際に、+aは、赤を表わし、−aは、緑を表わし、+bは、黄を表わし、および−bは、青を表わす。式HC60=L−3bに従って、HC60値は計算される。
基本ポリマーの製造:
実施例1
前記方法を、WO 2011/026876 A1の図1に示された、組み込まれた流動層(27)および外部流動層(29)を備えた噴霧乾燥プラント中で実施した。噴霧乾燥機(5)の円筒形部分は、22mの高さおよび3.4mの直径を有していた。内部流動層(IFB)は、3mの直径および0.25mの堰高さを有していた。外部流動層(EFB)は、3.0mの長さ、0.65mの幅および0.5mの堰高さを有していた。
32.6g/gのCRC
37.5g/gのAUL0.0psi
24.2g/gのAUL0.3psi
12.0g/gのAUL0.7psi
4.0質量%の抽出性
残留モノマー15.100ppm
6.1質量%の含水量
0.28g/gsのFSR
91.1のHC60
色価:L=95.0/a=2.2/b=1.3。
製造は、例1と同様に行なわれた。前記噴霧乾燥機への供給量は、アクリル酸10.45質量%、アクリル酸ナトリウム33.40質量%、3回エトキシル化されたグリセリントリアクリレート0.018質量%(約85質量%の)、2,2’−アゾビス[2−(2−イミダゾリン−2−イル)プロパン]二塩酸塩0.072質量%、Brueggolit(登録商標)FF7 0.0029質量%(Brueggemann Chemicals社、Heilbronn在、ドイツ国)、ペルオキソ二硫酸ナトリウム0.054質量%および水を含有していた。Brueggolit(登録商標)FF7を5質量%の水溶液として使用し、およびペルオキソ二硫酸ナトリウムを15質量%の水溶液として使用した。中和度は、71%であった。1個の孔当たりの供給量は、1.6kg/hであった。
47.0g/gのCRC
55.1g/gのAUL0.0psi
25.1g/gのAUL0.3psi
7.6g/gのAUL0.7psi
3.8質量%の抽出性
残留モノマー11.700ppm
6.1質量%の含水量
0.14g/gsのFSR
92.5のHC60
色価:L=96.1/a=1.7/b=1.2。
比較例VB1およびVB2ならびに実施例3〜12
実施例1からの吸水性ポリマー粒子1.5kgを、型式M5RのPflugschar(登録商標)ミキサー(Gebr.Loedige Maschinenbau GmbH社;Paderborn在;ドイツ国)中で熱的に後処理した。
実施例2からの吸水性ポリマー粒子45kgを、型式FM130のPflugschar(登録商標)ミキサー(Gebr.Loedige Maschinenbau GmbH社;Paderborn在;ドイツ国)中で熱的に後処理した。全試験中、前記Pflugschar(登録商標)ミキサーの回転数は、60rpmであり、出力の評価は、6.4〜6.5Wであった。混合室に窒素約10Nm3/h、絶対初期圧約3バールおよび180℃のガス温度で貫流させた。フルード数は、0.93であった。
Span(登録商標)20(ソルビタンモノオクトエート、Croda International Plc社、CAS−No.CAS 1338−39−2)
Plantacare(登録商標)818UP(ココグリコシドの約52質量%の水溶液、BASF SE社、CAS−No.110615−47−9/68515−73−1)
Plantacare(登録商標)1200UP(ラウリルグリコシドの約50質量%の水溶液、BASF SE社、CAS−No.110615−47−9)
Plantacare(登録商標)K55(ラウリルグリコシドとココミドプロピルベタインとの混合物の約47質量%の水溶液、BASF SE社、CAS−No.110615−47−9/61789−40−0)
Plantacare(登録商標)PS10(ナトリウムラウレトスルフェートとラウリルグリコシドとの混合物の約60質量%の水溶液、BASF SE社、CAS−No.110615−47−9/68891−38−3)
Euperlan(登録商標)PCO(スチレン/アクリレートコポリマーとココグリコシドとの混合物の約43質量%の分散液、BASF SE社)
Lutensol(登録商標)AO7(エトキシル化オキソアルコール、BASF SE社):Lutensol(登録商標)AO7は、C13オキソアルコール約67%とC15オキソアルコール約33%とからなりかつ主に分枝鎖状である、飽和C13/C15オキソアルコールをベースとする、液状の非イオン性界面活性剤である。Lutensol(登録商標)AO7の組成は、次の一般構造式によって記載される:RO(CH2CH2O)7H、但し、R=C13/C15オキソアルコール。Lutensol(登録商標)AO7は、約100mPasの粘度、約12のHLB値および100%の活性含量を有する。
Lutensol(登録商標)XL70(エトキシル化グエルベトアルコール、BASF SE社):Lutensol(登録商標)XL70は、C10グエルベトアルコールをベースとする、液状の非イオン性界面活性剤である。Lutensol(登録商標)XL70の組成は、次の一般構造式によって記載される:RO(CH2CH2O)7H、但し、R=C10グエルベトアルコール。Lutensol(登録商標)XL70は、約70mPasの粘度、約13のHLB値および100%の活性含量を有する。
Lutensol(登録商標)FA12K(エトキシル化ココスアルキルアミン、BASF SE社):Lutensol(登録商標)FA12Kは、ココス脂肪アミンをベースとする、液状の非イオン性界面活性剤である。Lutensol(登録商標)FA12Kの組成は、次の一般構造式によって記載される:R−N[(CH2CH2O)6H]2、但し、R−NH2=ココス脂肪アミン。Lutensol(登録商標)FA12Kは、約190mPasの粘度および100%の活性含量を有する。
Arquad(登録商標)2HT−75(ジタロージメチルアンモニウムクロリド、AkzoNobel GmbH、Cas−No.61789−80−8)
Emulan(登録商標)EL40(エトキシル化ヒマシ油、BASF SE社);Emulan(登録商標)EL40は、ヒマシ油をベースとする、液状の非イオン性界面活性剤である。Emulan(登録商標)EL40の組成は、次の一般構造式によって記載される:ROCH2CH(OR)CH2OR、但し、R=H3C(CH2)5CH[O(CH2CH2O)40/3H]CH2CH=CH(CH2)7COO−。Emulan(登録商標)EL40は、約3000mPasの粘度、約12のHLB値および100%の活性含量を有する。
Luviquat(登録商標)Mono CP(ヘキサデシル−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)ジメチルアンモニウムジハイドロジェンホスフェート約30質量%の水溶液、BASF SE社、Cas−No.85563−48−0)
Claims (17)
- 吸水性ポリマー粒子から残留モノマーを除去する方法であって、この吸水性ポリマー粒子が回転型混合工具を備えた混合機中で熱的に後処理され、この吸水性ポリマー粒子が熱的な後処理中に少なくとも60℃の温度および少なくとも8質量%の含水量を有し、この熱的な後処理前または熱的な後処理中に水または水溶液が添加され、および/またはこの熱的な後処理中に水蒸気を含むガス流が添加される方法において、
前記の熱的な後処理を少なくとも1つの界面活性剤の存在下に実施し、少なくとも1つの界面活性剤が極性基および非極性基を有し、この界面活性剤の極性基と非極性基がカルボン酸エステル基を介して結合されておらず、この極性基が少なくとも1個のヒドロキシル基、陽イオン性基または陰イオン性基を有し、かつ前記非極性基がC4〜C20アルキル鎖を有することを特徴とする、前記方法。 - 前記極性基は、陽イオン性基であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性剤は、界面活性剤混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性剤混合物の界面活性剤は、非極性基としての異なる直鎖状アルキル鎖および/または分枝鎖状アルキル鎖を含むことを特徴とする、請求項3記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性剤は、吸水性ポリマー粒子に対して、0.0005〜0.01質量%が使用されることを特徴とする、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記吸水性ポリマー粒子は、熱的な後処理中に80〜110℃の温度を有することを特徴とする、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記の熱的な後処理前または熱的な後処理中に、水または水溶液は、吸水性ポリマー粒子に対して、0.05〜20質量%添加されることを特徴とする、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記の熱的な後処理中に添加されるガス流は、乾燥ガス1kg当たり水蒸気を0.05〜1.0kg含有することを特徴とする、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記混合機中での平均滞留時間は、10〜120分であることを特徴とする、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記の熱的な後処理に使用されるガス容量は、非連続的混合機において、吸水性ポリマー粒子1kg当たり、0.01〜5Nm3/hであるか、または連続的混合機において、通過する吸水性ポリマー粒子1kg/h当たり、0.01〜5Nm3/hであることを特徴とする、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記の熱的な後処理は、水平型ミキサー中で実施されることを特徴とする、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記吸水性ポリマー粒子は、
a)少なくとも部分的に中和されていてよい、少なくとも1つの、酸基を有するエチレン性不飽和モノマー、
b)少なくとも1つの架橋剤、
c)少なくとも1つの開始剤、
d)任意に、a)に記載されたモノマーと共重合しうる、1つ以上のエチレン性不飽和モノマー、
e)任意に、1つ以上の水溶性ポリマーまたは水溶性コポリマーおよび
f)水
を含有するモノマー溶液を重合させることによって得られることを特徴とする、請求項1から11までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記モノマーa)は、少なくとも25モル%が中和されていることを特徴とする、請求項12記載の方法。
- 前記モノマーa)は、少なくとも50モル%がアクリル酸であることを特徴とする、請求項12または13記載の方法。
- 前記モノマー溶液は、中和されていないモノマーa)に対して、架橋剤b)を少なくとも0.1質量%含有することを特徴とする、請求項12から14までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から15までのいずれか1項に記載の方法により得られた吸水性ポリマー粒子。
- 請求項16記載の吸水性ポリマー粒子を含有する衛生製品。
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