JP2016503897A - 低コストの臨床現場即時アッセイデバイス - Google Patents
低コストの臨床現場即時アッセイデバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016503897A JP2016503897A JP2015552838A JP2015552838A JP2016503897A JP 2016503897 A JP2016503897 A JP 2016503897A JP 2015552838 A JP2015552838 A JP 2015552838A JP 2015552838 A JP2015552838 A JP 2015552838A JP 2016503897 A JP2016503897 A JP 2016503897A
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Abstract
Description
試料点着部と通気口の両方と連通している毛細管流路を備えるマイクロ流体デバイスについて記載する。マイクロ流体デバイスとは、流体を制御および操作するように構成されているデバイスであって、形状が小型化された(例えば、ミリメートル未満)ものを意味する。試料点着部、毛細管流路および通気口の他に、デバイスの態様は、通気口と試料点着部とを同じ容積内に封入し、これらの2つの構成要素を外部環境から分離するように構成されているキャップを備える。
本方法の態様は、試料を試料点着部に点着し、試料(例えば、分析種を含む血液または血液製剤などの生体試料)を、毛細管流路を流通させた後、試料中の1種以上の標的分析種を検出する工程を含む。
本発明の方法、デバイス、およびキットは種々の異なる用途に使用され、多数の可能な供給源に由来する多数の異なる種類の試料中に分析種が存在するかどうかを判定するのに使用することができる。用途および本明細書に記載の方法の所望の出力に応じて、分析種を定性的に(「有」対「無」、「イエス、所定の閾値を超える」対「ノー、所定の閾値を超えない」等)、または定量的に、例えば、試料中の量(試料中の濃度など)を検出することができる。多くの異なる種類の分析種は目的とする分析種であってもよく、これにはタンパク質(遊離タンパク質と、細胞などの構造の表面に結合したタンパク質の両方を含む)、核酸、およびウイルス粒子等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。さらに、試料はin vitro供給源に由来するものであってもまたはin vivo供給源に由来するものであってもよく、試料は診断用試料であってもよい。
本発明の態様はさらにキットを含み、キットは1つ以上のアッセイデバイス、例えば、前述のものを含む。場合により、本キットは、1種以上のアッセイ用成分(例えば、前述のものなどの、標識された試薬、緩衝液等)を含むことができる。場合により、キットはさらに、試料採取デバイス、例えば、全血試料を得るために皮膚を穿刺するように構成されたランセットまたは針、ピペット等を必要に応じて含むことができる。キットの様々なアッセイ用成分は、別々の容器内に存在してもよく、またはそれらの一部もしくは全部が予め混合されて試薬混合物になっていてもよい。例えば、場合により、キットの1つ以上の構成要素、例えば、デバイスは密封袋、例えば、滅菌箔袋または外被内に存在する。
I.細胞表面CD4/Hbアッセイ
図2Aは、CD4およびヘモグロビン(Hb)のアッセイを行うように構成されている本発明の一実施形態によるデバイスの図を提供する。アッセイは、本質的に次のように行われる。指先穿刺量(5〜50μL)の全血を、本発明の毛細管デバイスの試料点着部(図2Aに示す)に添加し、そこで、全血は、アロフィコシアニンまたはフィコエリトリンなどの好適な蛍光標識で標識された、予め添加されている乾燥保存抗ヒトCD4と混合した後、毛細管流路に流入する。添加後、キャップを試料点着部に被せて、試料点着部と毛細管流路の通気口を封止する。毛管流は、毛細管を外部環境から封止するキャップによって妨げられることなく、流路に沿って進む。流動は疎水性連結部で終わる。標識された抗CD4は、表面CD4を有する細胞に結合する。検出は、カートリッジの流路に沿った1つ以上の位置を照射する適切なLEDを使用して行われ、蛍光はカートリッジの頂部を通して画像化することにより測定され、この画像化はCCDカメラ検出器および適切なフィルタを備える低拡大率顕微鏡などの好適な画像化デバイスを使用し、毛細管流路の光透過性の壁を通して行われる。画像処理および解析後に、必要に応じて、流路内の細胞の蛍光強度を定量することができる。ヘモグロビンのアッセイでは、例えば、米国特許第8,483,789号明細書、米国特許第7,952,692号明細書、米国特許第7,319,894号明細書、米国特許第7,303,922号明細書、米国特許第7,271,912号明細書、米国特許第7,096,124号明細書、米国特許第7,075,628号明細書、米国特許第6,862,534号明細書、米国特許第6,831,733号明細書、および米国特許第5,773,301号明細書等に記載されているものなどの、試薬非含有プロトコルを含む任意の好都合なプロトコルを実施することができ、本明細書に記載の試薬非含有Hbアッセイの開示は参照により本明細書に援用される。また、マイクロ流路の端部には固定化された品質管理(QC)試薬ビーズ用の領域が存在してもよく、ビーズには、標識された抗体試薬が結合しているCD4が既知量、コーティングされている。この領域で陽性シグナルが検出されると、試薬と試料が毛細管流路を流通して疎水性連結部に達したこと、従って、アッセイが適切に行われたことが確認される。
アッセイは本質的に次のように行われる。指先穿刺量(5〜50μL)の全血を本発明の毛細管デバイスの試料点着部(図2Bに示す)に添加し、そこで、全血は、予め添加された乾燥保存抗ヒト抗体−アロフィコシアニン(APC)と混合した後、毛細管流路に流入し、毛細管流路には、gp41抗原(一例としてHIVを使用する)でコーティングされた微粒子が流路の頂面に固定化されている。添加後、キャップを試料点着部に被せて、試料点着部と毛細管流路の通気口を封止する。毛管流は、毛細管を外部環境から封止するキャップによって妨げられることなく、流路に沿って進む。流動は疎水性連結部で終わる。試料中に存在する抗gp41抗体は微粒子に結合し、ビーズ−gp41抗gp41抗体/APC抗ヒト抗体複合体が形成される。検出は、カートリッジのビーズが配置されている箇所を照射する赤色LEDを使用して行われ、蛍光は、カートリッジの頂部を通して画像化することにより測定され、この画像化はCCDカメラ検出器および適切なフィルタを備える低拡大率顕微鏡を使用し、毛細管流路の光透過性の壁を通して行われる。画像処理および解析後に、微粒子の蛍光強度を定量する。多重化アッセイでは、異なる疾患に関連する抗原でコーティングされた微粒子が、カートリッジ内の固有の位置に固定されている。マイクロ流路の端部にある固定化された品質管理(QC)試薬ビーズ用の領域も示されており、ビーズは、APC抗ヒト抗体試薬が結合しているヒト抗体でコーティングされている。この領域で陽性シグナルが検出されると、試薬と試料が毛細管流路を流通して疎水性連結部に達したこと、従って、アッセイが適切に行われたことが確認される。
毛細管流路と連通している試料点着部と、
毛細管流路と連通している通気口と、
通気口と試料点着部とを外部環境から封止するように構成されたキャップ部材であって、試料点着部と通気口とを覆い外部環境から分離するように封止容積を設けるキャップ部材と
を備えるデバイス。
毛細管流路と連通している試料点着部および疎水性連結部であって、疎水性連結部が液流を妨げるように構成されている、試料点着部および疎水性連結部と、
疎水性連結部と連通している通気口と、
通気口と試料点着部とを外部環境から封止するように構成されたキャップ部材であって、試料点着部と通気口との周囲の共有容積を被覆するキャップ部材と
を備えるデバイス。
液体試料を毛細管流路と流体連通している試料点着部に点着する工程であって、液体試料が毛細管力により毛細管流路を流通する工程と、
通気口を通して毛細管力のための通気を行う工程と、
キャップ部材を用いて液体試料を外部環境から封止する工程であって、キャップ部材で試料点着部と通気口との周囲に共有封止容積を設ける工程と
を含む方法。
プラスチック材料内の第1の所定の領域をプラズマで処理する工程であって、プラズマ処理により第1の所定の領域の親水性が向上する工程と、
第2の所定の領域を非極性有機溶媒と接触させる工程であって、処理により第2の所定の領域の親水性が低下し、第1の所定の領域と第2の所定の領域とが重なり得る工程と、
第1の所定の領域および第2の所定の領域から毛細管流路および疎水性連結部を形成する工程と
を含む方法。
毛細管流路と連通している試料点着部と、
毛細管流路と連通している通気口と、
通気口と試料点着部とを外部環境から封止するように構成されたキャップ部材であって、試料点着部と通気口とを覆い外部環境から分離するように封止容積を設けるキャップ部材と、
デバイス中に存在する一定量の生体試料と
を備えるデバイス。
(b)液体試料のアッセイを行うように構成されており、読み取り装置に入れられるマイクロ流体デバイスであって、
毛細管流路と連通している試料点着部と、
毛細管流路と連通している通気口と、
通気口と試料点着部とを外部環境から封止するように構成されたキャップ部材であって、試料点着部と通気口とを覆い外部環境から分離するように封止容積を設けるキャップ部材とを備えるマイクロ流体デバイス
を含むシステム。
毛細管流路と連通している通気口と、
通気口と試料点着部とを外部環境から封止するように構成されたキャップ部材であって、試料点着部と通気口とを覆い外部環境から分離するように封止容積を設けるキャップ部材とを備えるマイクロ流体デバイス、および
(b)デバイスを収容する容器
を含むキット。
Claims (14)
- 液体試料のアッセイを行うように構成されたマイクロ流体デバイスであって、
毛細管流路と連通している試料点着部と、
前記毛細管流路と連通している通気口と、
前記通気口と前記試料点着部とを外部環境から封止するように構成されたキャップ部材であって、前記試料点着部と前記通気口とを覆い前記外部環境から分離するように封止容積を設けるキャップ部材と
を備えることを特徴とするデバイス。 - 前記通気口と前記毛細管流路との間に通気流路をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記試料点着部を包囲する液体バリアをさらに備え、前記液体バリアが前記試料点着部と前記通気口との間に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のデバイス。
- 前記キャップ部材はガスケットを備えることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のデバイス。
- 前記毛細管流路は深さ20〜70μmであることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のデバイス。
- 液体試料のアッセイを行うように構成されたマイクロ流体デバイスであって、
毛細管流路と連通している試料点着部および疎水性連結部であって、疎水性連結部が液流を妨げるように構成されている、試料点着部および疎水性連結部と、
前記疎水性連結部と連通している通気口と、
前記通気口と前記試料点着部とを外部環境から封止するように構成されたキャップ部材であって、前記試料点着部と前記通気口との周囲の共有容積を被覆するキャップ部材と
を備えることを特徴とするデバイス。 - 液体試料のアッセイを行う方法であって、
液体試料を毛細管流路と流体連通している試料点着部に点着する工程であって、前記液体試料が毛細管力により前記毛細管流路を流通する工程と、
通気口を通して前記毛細管力のための通気を行う工程と、
キャップ部材を用いて前記液体試料を外部環境から封止する工程であって、前記キャップ部材で前記試料点着部と前記通気口との周囲に共有封止容積を設ける工程と
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - デバイスは請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のデバイスであることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記毛細管流路の少なくとも一部を読み取って結果を得る工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記得られた結果に基づいて診断を行う工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
- マイクロ流体デバイスを形成する方法であって、
プラスチック材料内の第1の所定の領域をプラズマで処理する工程であって、プラズマ処理により前記第1の所定の領域の親水性が向上する工程と、
第2の所定の領域を非極性有機溶媒と接触させる工程であって、処理により前記第2の所定の領域の親水性が低下し、前記第1の所定の領域と前記第2の所定の領域とが重なり得る工程と、
前記第1の所定の領域および前記第2の所定の領域から毛細管流路および疎水性連結部を形成する工程と
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 液体試料のアッセイを行うように構成されたマイクロ流体デバイスであって、
毛細管流路と連通している試料点着部と、
前記毛細管流路と連通している通気口と、
前記通気口と前記試料点着部とを外部環境から封止するように構成されたキャップ部材であって、前記試料点着部と前記通気口とを覆い前記外部環境から分離するように封止容積を設けるキャップ部材と、
デバイス中に存在する一定量の生体試料と
を備えることを特徴とするデバイス。 - (a)読み取り装置、および
(b)液体試料のアッセイを行うように構成されており、前記読み取り装置に入れられるマイクロ流体デバイスであって、
毛細管流路と連通している試料点着部と、
前記毛細管流路と連通している通気口と、
前記通気口と前記試料点着部とを外部環境から封止するように構成されたキャップ部材であって、前記試料点着部と前記通気口とを覆い前記外部環境から分離するように封止容積を設けるキャップ部材とを備えるマイクロ流体デバイス
を含むことを特徴とするシステム。 - (a)毛細管流路と連通している試料点着部と、
前記毛細管流路と連通している通気口と、
前記通気口と前記試料点着部とを外部環境から封止するように構成されたキャップ部材であって、前記試料点着部と前記通気口とを覆い前記外部環境から分離するように封止容積を設けるキャップ部材とを備えるマイクロ流体デバイス、および
(b)前記デバイスを収容する容器
を含むことを特徴とするキット。
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AU2014205215A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
AU2014205215B2 (en) | 2019-02-14 |
EP2943788B1 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
EP2943788A1 (en) | 2015-11-18 |
BR112015010695A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
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