JP2016194058A - 組成物及び積層体 - Google Patents
組成物及び積層体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016194058A JP2016194058A JP2016066115A JP2016066115A JP2016194058A JP 2016194058 A JP2016194058 A JP 2016194058A JP 2016066115 A JP2016066115 A JP 2016066115A JP 2016066115 A JP2016066115 A JP 2016066115A JP 2016194058 A JP2016194058 A JP 2016194058A
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- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】含フッ素ポリマー、及び、水酸基価が10〜300であるポリオール化合物を含み、上記ポリオール化合物が上記含フッ素ポリマーに対して0.1質量%以上100質量%未満であることを特徴とする組成物である。
【選択図】なし
Description
中でも、テトラフルオロエチレン、クロロトリフルオロエチレン、及び、ビニリデンフルオライドからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種であることが好ましく、テトラフルオロエチレン及びクロロトリフルオロエチレンからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種であることがより好ましい。
水酸基含有単量体としては、例えば、2−ヒドロキシエチルビニルエーテル、3−ヒドロキシプロピルビニルエーテル、2−ヒドロキシプロピルビニルエーテル、2−ヒドロキシ−2−メチルプロピルビニルエーテル、4−ヒドロキシブチルビニルエーテル、4−ヒドロキシ−2−メチルブチルビニルエーテル、5−ヒドロキシペンチルビニルエーテル、6−ヒドロキシヘキシルビニルエーテルなどの水酸基含有ビニルエーテル類;2−ヒドロキシエチルアリルエーテル、4−ヒドロキシブチルアリルエーテル、グリセロールモノアリルエーテルなどの水酸基含有アリルエーテル類などが挙げられる。これらのなかでも、重合反応性、官能基の硬化性が優れる点で、水酸基含有ビニルエーテル類が好ましく、式(1):
CH2=CH−(CH2)l−O−(CH2)m−OH
(式中、lは0または1、mは2以上の整数)で示される水酸基含有単量体であることがより好ましく、4−ヒドロキシブチルビニルエーテル、2ーヒドロキシエチルビニルエーテル、2−ヒドロキシエチルアリルエーテル及び4−ヒドロキシブチルアリルエーテルからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の単量体が更に好ましい。
カルボキシル基含有単量体としては、たとえば、式(2):
R1R2C=CR3−(CH2)n−COOH
(式中、R1、R2およびR3は、同じかまたは異なり、水素原子、アルキル基、カルボキシル基、アシルオキシ基、又は、アルコキシカルボニル基である。nは0以上の整数である)で示されるカルボキシル基含有単量体、それらのエステル及び酸無水物、並びに、式(3):
CH2=CH(CH2)nO(R4OCO)mR5COOH
(式中、R4およびR5は、同じかまたは異なり、いずれも飽和または不飽和の直鎖、分岐または環状のアルキレン基である。nは、0または1であり、mは、0または1である。)で表わされるカルボキシル基含有ビニルエーテル単量体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の単量体が好ましい。
アミノ基含有単量体としては、たとえばCH2=CH−O−(CH2)x−NH2(x=0〜10)で示されるアミノビニルエーテル類;CH2=CH−O−CO(CH2)x−NH2(x=1〜10)で示されるアリルアミン類;そのほかアミノメチルスチレン、ビニルアミン、アクリルアミド、ビニルアセトアミド、ビニルホルムアミドなどが挙げられる。
シリル基含有単量体としては、例えば、シリコーン系ビニル単量体が挙げられる。シリコーン系ビニル単量体としては、たとえばCH2=CHCO2(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3、CH2=CHCO2(CH2)3Si(OC2H5)3、CH2=C(CH3)CO2(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3、CH2=C(CH3)CO2(CH2)3Si(OC2H5)3、CH2=CHCO2(CH2)3SiCH3(OC2H5)2、CH2=C(CH3)CO2(CH2)3SiC2H5(OCH3)2、CH2=C(CH3)CO2(CH2)3Si(CH3)2(OC2H5)、CH2=C(CH3)CO2(CH2)3Si(CH3)2OH、CH2=CH(CH2)3Si(OCOCH3)3、CH2=C(CH3)CO2(CH2)3SiC2H5(OCOCH3)2、CH2=C(CH3)CO2(CH2)3SiCH3(N(CH3)COCH3)2、CH2=CHCO2(CH2)3SiCH3〔ON(CH3)C2H5〕2、CH2=C(CH3)CO2(CH2)3SiC6H5〔ON(CH3)C2H5〕2などの(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類;CH2=CHSi[ON=C(CH3)(C2H5)]3、CH2=CHSi(OCH3)3、CH2=CHSi(OC2H5)3、CH2=CHSiCH3(OCH3)2、CH2=CHSi(OCOCH3)3、CH2=CHSi(CH3)2(OC2H5)、CH2=CHSi(CH3)2SiCH3(OCH3)2、CH2=CHSiC2H5(OCOCH3)2、CH2=CHSiCH3〔ON(CH3)C2H5〕2、ビニルトリクロロシランまたはこれらの部分加水分解物などのビニルシラン類;トリメトキシシリルエチルビニルエーテル、トリエトキシシリルエチルビニルエーテル、トリメトキシシリルブチルビニルエーテル、メチルジメトキシシリルエチルビニルエーテル、トリメトキシシリルプロピルビニルエーテル、トリエトキシシリルプロピルビニルエーテルなどのビニルエーテル類などが例示される。
上記硬化性官能基含有含フッ素ポリマーとしては、上記(1)〜(5)の中でも、耐候性及び防湿性の観点から、(1)、(2)及び(5)のポリマーが好ましい。
パーフルオロオレフィン単位を主体とするパーフルオロオレフィン系ポリマーは、パーフルオロオレフィン単位を含むことが好ましい。上記パーフルオロオレフィン単位は、パーフルオロオレフィン系ポリマーの全重合単位に対して、20〜49モル%であることが好ましい。より好ましい下限は30モル%であり、更に好ましい下限は40モル%である。より好ましい上限は47モル%である。
CTFE単位を主体とするCTFE系ポリマーとしては、たとえばCTFE/ヒドロキシブチルビニルエーテル/他の単量体の共重合体などが挙げられる。CTFE系ポリマーの硬化性ポリマー塗料としては、たとえば旭硝子(株)製のルミフロン(登録商標)、大日本インキ製造(株)製のフルオネート(登録商標)、セントラル硝子(株)製のセフラルコート(登録商標)、東亜合成(株)製のザフロン(登録商標)などが例示できる。
VdF単位を主体とするVdF系ポリマーとしては、たとえばVdF/TFE/ヒドロキシブチルビニルエーテル/他の単量体の共重合体などが挙げられる。
フルオロアルキル単位を主体とするフルオロアルキル基含有ポリマーとしては、たとえばCF3CF2(CF2CF2)nCH2CH2OCOCH=CH2(n=3と4の混合物)/2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート/ステアリルアクリレート共重合体などが挙げられる。フルオロアルキル基含有ポリマーとしては、たとえばダイキン工業(株)製のユニダイン(登録商標)やエフトーン(登録商標)、デュポン社製のゾニール(登録商標)などが例示できる。
上記酢酸ビニル単位を主体とする酢酸ビニル系ポリマーとしては、含フッ素単量体/酢酸ビニル/式(1)で示される水酸基含有単量体/式(2)で示されるカルボキシル基含有単量体の共重合体が挙げられる。上記共重合体は、含フッ素単量体/酢酸ビニル/式(1)で示される水酸基含有単量体/式(2)で示されるカルボキシル基含有単量体のモル比が15〜50/20〜75/5〜22/0.1〜5であることが好ましく、15〜50/23〜75/5〜22/0.1〜5であることがより好ましい。
上記組成物は、上記ポリオール化合物を含むものであるので、有機溶剤中に含フッ素ポリマーが分散した分散液又は溶解した溶液とした場合であっても、ポットライフに優れるという効果も奏する。
上記金属キレート化合物としては、アルミニウムトリスアセチルアセトネート、アルミニウムエチルアセトアセテート・ジイソプロピレート、アルミニウムトリスエチルアセトアセテート、アルミニウムアルキルアセトアセテート・ジイソプロピレート、アルミニウムビスエチルアセトアセテート・モノアセチルアセトネートなどが挙げられる。
(R9−O)b−P(=O)−(OH)3−b
(式中、bは1または2、R9は有機残基を示す)で示される有機酸性リン酸エステルなどが挙げられる。
市販品としては、たとえばマツモトファインケミカル社製のオルガチックスTC−100、TC−750、TC−760、TA−30などが挙げられる。
上記カーボンブラックの市販品としては、例えば、MA−100(三菱化学社製)、Raven−420(コロンビアカーボン社製)等が挙げられる。
上記分散剤は、実質的に塩基を含まないことが更に好ましい。なお、実質的に塩基を含まないとは、コンタミネーション、反応残査、測定誤差等を考慮し、測定値として塩基価が0.5mgKOH/g以下をいう。上記塩基価は、酸性物質を用いた酸塩基滴定法により測定することができる。
これらの難燃剤は上記含フッ素ポリマーの種類に応じて、少なくとも1種と配合量を任意に選ぶことができ、これらに限定されるものではない。
具体的には、上記臭素含有化合物は、デカブロモジフェニルオキサイド、1,2−ビス(2,3,4,5,6−ペンタブロモフェニル)エタン、トリス(トリブロモフェノキシ)トリアジン、エチレンビステトラブロモフタロイミド、ポリブロモフェニルインダン、臭素化フェニレンオキサイド、及び、ポリペンタブロモベンジルアクリレートからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種が好ましい。
上記組成物は、押出成形法、キャスト法等によりフィルムに成形できる。また、上記組成物を基材に塗布することにより、基材上に塗布膜を形成することができる。
上記表面層3には、通常ガラス板が用いられるが、樹脂シート等のフレキシブルな材料を用いてもよい。
塗膜7を構成する材料は、硬化性官能基を有しない含フッ素ポリマー塗料の塗膜でも、含フッ素ポリマーシートでも、ポリエステルシートでも、ポリエステル塗料の塗膜でもよい。
また、上記塗膜と封止材層との接着性をさらに向上させるために、上記塗膜に従来公知の表面処理を行ってもよい。表面処理としては、例えばコロナ放電処理、プラズマ放電処理、化成処理、ブラスト処理等が例示できる。
EVA密着性:ピール試験にて密着性を測定した。
測定サンプルのEVA/バックシート部分を幅1cm×長さ15cmに切込みを入れ、テンシロン(オリエンテック製)を用いて180度の剥離試験を行い、EVA樹脂シートとバックシートとの間の接着強度を、N/cmを単位として測定した。
PET密着性およびEVA密着性:ピール試験にて密着性を測定した。
測定サンプルのEVA/バックシート部分を幅1cm×長さ15cmに切込みを入れ、テンシロン(オリエンテック製)を用いて180度の剥離試験を行い、EVA/バックシートの接着強度を、N/cmを単位として測定した。
この剥離試験は、EVAとバックシートとの剥離強度を測定することを目的の一つとしているが、一部の測定サンプルでは、剥離試験の途中でバックシートの塗膜又はフィルムが破壊され、その後はバックシートの塗膜又はフィルムとPETとの剥離が進行した。そこで、10回の剥離試験を行い、塗膜またはフィルムとPET間の剥離回数を測定した。10回の剥離試験の全てで塗膜又はフィルムが破壊されなかった場合を0回とする。また、塗膜又はフィルムの破壊が観察されたサンプルでは、EVAとバックシートとの剥離強度に加えて、塗膜またはフィルムとPET間の接着強度をN/cmを単位として測定した。
表1に記載の含フッ素ポリマーを含む酢酸ブチル溶液(固形分65質量%)202質量部、白色顔料として酸化チタン(堺化学工業(株)製のD918)263質量部、酢酸ブチル167質量部を攪拌下に予備混合した後、直径1.2mmのガラスビーズを632質量部入れ、顔料分散機にて1500rpmで1時間分散させた。その後、#80メッシュのフルイでガラスビーズをろ過し、その溶液に表1に記載の含フッ素ポリマーを283質量部、酢酸ブチル85質量部、加えて組成物1を調製した。
表1に記載の含フッ素ポリマーを含む酢酸ブチル溶液(固形分65質量%)202質量部、白色顔料として酸化チタン(堺化学工業(株)製のD918)263質量部、酢酸ブチル167質量部を攪拌下に予備混合した後、直径1.2mmのガラスビーズを632質量部入れ、顔料分散機にて1500rpmで1時間分散させた。その後、#80メッシュのフルイでガラスビーズをろ過し、その溶液に表1に記載の含フッ素ポリマーを283質量部、酢酸ブチル85質量部、加えて組成物2を調製した。
表1に記載の含フッ素ポリマーを含む酢酸ブチル溶液(固形分65質量%)202質量部、白色顔料として酸化チタン(堺化学工業(株)製のD918)263質量部、酢酸ブチル167質量部を攪拌下に予備混合した後、直径1.2mmのガラスビーズを632質量部入れ、顔料分散機にて1500rpmで1時間分散させた。その後、#80メッシュのフルイでガラスビーズをろ過し、その溶液に表1に記載の含フッ素ポリマーを283質量部、酢酸ブチル85質量部、加えて組成物3を調製した。
樹脂としてPVFペレット(デュポン社製)100質量部、白色顔料として酸化チタンD−918(堺化学工業社製)30質量部、ポリオール化合物としてフレクソレッゾ148(楠本化成社製、水酸基価238、数平均分子量500)16質量部を二軸押出機にて250℃で溶融混練した後、フィルム状に押出し成形し、25μm厚のフィルム4を作製した。
樹脂としてPVDFペレット(ダイキン工業社製)100質量部、白色顔料として酸化チタンD−918(堺化学工業社製)30質量部、ポリオール化合物としてGI3000(日本曹達社製、水酸基価30、数平均分子量3000)16質量部を二軸押出機にて220℃で溶融混練した後、フィルム状に押出し成形し、25μm厚のフィルム5を作製した。
樹脂としてPVFペレット(デュポン社製)100質量部、白色顔料として酸化チタンD−918(堺化学工業社製)30質量部を二軸押出機にて250℃で溶融混練した後、フィルム状に押出し成形し、25μm厚のフィルム6を作製した。
樹脂としてPVDFペレット(ダイキン工業社製)100質量部、白色顔料として酸化チタンD−918(堺化学工業社製)30質量部を二軸押出機にて250℃で溶融混練した後、フィルム状に押出し成形し、25μm厚のフィルム7を作製した。
1:フレクソレッゾ148(楠本化成社製、水酸基価238、数平均分子量500)
2:フレクソレッゾA308(楠本化成社製、水酸基価216、数平均分子量500)
3:UH50(宇部興産社製、水酸基価224、数平均分子量500)
4:GI3000(日本曹達社製、水酸基価30、数平均分子量3000)
5:UM90(1/3)(宇部興産社製、水酸基価125、数平均分子量900)
6:スミジュールN3300(住化バイエル社製、NCO含有量21.8%)
組成物1〜3のいずれかとポリオール化合物と硬化剤とを混合して塗料を調製した。各成分の種類及び添加量を表2に示す。次いで、水不透過性シートとして、PETシート(東レ(株)製のルミラーS10、厚さ250μm)を使用し、このPETシートの片面に塗料を乾燥膜厚が20μmとなるようにコーターにて塗装し、130℃で5分間乾燥して2層構造のバックシートを作製した。結果を表2に示す。
水不透過性シートとして、PETシート(東レ(株)製のルミラーS10、厚さ250μm。シートA)の片面に、フィルム4をポリエステル系接着剤を用いてラミネートし、2層構造のバックシートを作製した。結果を表2に示す。
水不透過性シートとして、PETシート(東レ(株)製のルミラーS10、厚さ250μm。シートA)の片面に、フィルム5をポリエステル系接着剤を用いてラミネートし、2層構造のバックシートを作製した。結果を表2に示す。
水不透過性シートとして、PETシート(東レ(株)製のルミラーS10、厚さ250μm。シートA)の片面に、フィルム6をポリエステル系接着剤を用いてラミネートし、2層構造のバックシートを作製した。結果を表2に示す。
水不透過性シートとして、PETシート(東レ(株)製のルミラーS10、厚さ250μm。シートA)の片面に、フィルム7をポリエステル系接着剤を用いてラミネートし、2層構造のバックシートを作製した。結果を表2に示す。
2:封止材層
3:表面層
4:バックシート(積層体)
5:水不透過性シート
6:本発明の組成物からなる層
7:他の塗膜
Claims (9)
- 含フッ素ポリマー、及び、水酸基価が10〜300であるポリオール化合物を含み、前記ポリオール化合物が前記含フッ素ポリマーに対して0.1質量%以上100質量%未満であることを特徴とする組成物。
- ポリオール化合物は、数平均分子量が300〜4000である請求項1記載の組成物。
- ポリオール化合物は、ポリエステルポリオール、ポリカーボネートポリオール、ポリエーテルポリオール及びポリブタジエンポリオールからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である請求項1又は2記載の組成物。
- 含フッ素ポリマーは、硬化性官能基含有含フッ素ポリマー、ポリフッ化ビニル及びポリフッ化ビニリデンからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である請求項1、2又は3記載の組成物。
- ポリオール化合物が、含フッ素ポリマーに対して0.1〜50質量%である請求項1、2、3又は4記載の組成物。
- 更に、硬化剤を含む請求項1、2、3、4又は5記載の組成物。
- 水不透過性シート、及び、請求項1、2、3、4、5又は6記載の組成物からなる層を含むことを特徴とする積層体。
- 太陽電池モジュールのバックシートである請求項7記載の積層体。
- 封止材層と、請求項7又は8記載の積層体とを備える太陽電池モジュール。
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CA2980525A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
JP6156538B2 (ja) | 2017-07-05 |
EP3279271A4 (en) | 2018-10-10 |
EP3279271A1 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
EP4276154A2 (en) | 2023-11-15 |
CA2980525C (en) | 2020-07-14 |
EP4276154A3 (en) | 2024-01-17 |
CN107429073B (zh) | 2020-07-28 |
EP3279271B1 (en) | 2023-10-25 |
US11072153B2 (en) | 2021-07-27 |
WO2016158991A1 (ja) | 2016-10-06 |
US20180086036A1 (en) | 2018-03-29 |
CN107429073A (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
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