JP2016152971A - 光学セクタを有する眼用レンズ - Google Patents
光学セクタを有する眼用レンズ Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】主レンズ部4と、凹部7と、光学中心と、前記光学中心を通る光軸Rとを備える眼用レンズにであって、前記主レンズ部は、前記凹部との少なくとも1つの境界を有し、約−20〜約+35ジオプトリーの屈折度を有する。前記凹部は、前記光学中心から2mm未満の距離に配置され、前記凹部が、前記主レンズ部の屈折度に対して約+1.0〜約+5.0の相対ジオプトリーを有する近距離部を含む。前記凹レンズ部の前記主レンズ部との1つ又は2つ以上の前記境界は、1つ又は2つ以上の融合部10を形成するとともに、前記光軸から離れる方向に光を屈折するように形作られ、前記光学中心の周りの直径4mmの円内で約15%未満の光の損失をもたらす湾曲を有する。
【選択図】図3
Description
レンズにより、読書部を備えた眼用レンズが、遠見視力、中間視力及び近見視力が互いに影響をほとんど又は全く及ぼさないようにして可能になる。実際、眼用レンズのコントラスト感度を大幅に高められることが判明した。過去には、レンズは、生じる擾乱を可能な限り少なくするように設計された。本発明では、急峻な移行部が、それらが光軸から離れていく光を屈折させる限り、許容されうることが判明した。実際には、これらの急峻な移行部によりレンズが光軸から離れていく光の15%未満を屈折させる限り、この結果として、例えばコントラスト感度及び視力が改善されたIOLが得られることになる。この光の損失は、実際には4mmの瞳孔直径について定義される。
セクタ角遠距離 182
セクタ角近距離 170
セクタ角移行部 8 各凹部4度移行
中心のセクタ半径 0.57
セクタ角遠距離 170
セクタ角近距離 160
セクタ角移行部 30 各凹部15度移行
中心のセクタ半径 0.57
セクタ角遠距離 182
セクタ角近距離 170
セクタ角移行部 8 各凹部4度移行
中心のセクタ半径 0.25
セクタ角遠距離 145
セクタ角近距離 145
セクタ角移行部 70 各凹部35度移行
中心のセクタ半径 1
セクタ角遠距離 145
セクタ角近距離 145
セクタ角移行部 70 各凹部35度移行
中心のセクタ半径 0.00
ここで、Δtは移行時間である。
説明した最適化移行プロファイルの別の応用例は、こうである。最も制御された、又は正確な方法で時間Δt内に変位Δsを得るには、最小加速度で移行を行うことが有利でありうる。時間Δt内に変位Δsを得るのに必要な最小加速度は、次式で計算することができる。
ここで、Δtは移行時間であり、aは最大加速度、又は最も制御された移行を得るための規定加速度である。上述の移行は、水平斜面(horizontal slope)から始まり水平斜面で終わる。近距離部区域と読書部区域の両方が回転対称面である場合では、両方の区域が接線方向又は工具方向に水平斜面を有する。この場合、各区域は、移行プロファイルによって、1次導関数の不連続がなく平滑に接続することができる。一方又は両方の区域が、例えば、円環面又は偏心球面などの無理対称面を有する場合には、斜面は一般に、工具方向に水平ではなくなる。各区域のうちの1つが接線方向に水平斜面すなわちゼロの傾きを有さない場合に平滑な移行部を作るために、移行部は、移行プロファイルの開始部又は終止部の一部を除去することによって、両方の区域と移行区域がそれらの接続箇所において接線になるように作ることができる。図17を参照されたい。上記と同じ分析をより一般的な方法で行うこともまた困難ではない。これは、工具が位置1で停止しており、位置2で降ろされているという想定である。あるいは、工具は、移行前に規定速度v1から始動し、移行後に速度v2にとどまることが可能である。最後の場合では、水平斜面で開始又は終止しなくてもよい移行プロファイルが得られる。もちろん、選択により、一方又は両方の光学区域と1本の線で接することなく移行を開始することも可能である。
・ 固定時間間隔での最大変位は小さい。
必要な工具移動に要する時間は長くなり、その結果として幅広い移行区域が生じる。
Claims (12)
- −表面を有する主レンズ部(4)であって、−20〜+35ジオプトリーの屈折度を有する主レンズ部(4);
−光学中心、及び前記光学中心を通る光軸(R);及び
−前記主レンズ部(4)の前記表面に対して陥凹している表面を持つ凹部(7、8)であって、前記主レンズ部との少なくとも1つの境界を有する凹部(4)であって、前記光学中心から2mm未満の距離に配置され、前記主レンズ部(4)の屈折度に対して+1.0〜+5.0の相対ジオプトリーを有する近距離部を含む凹部(7、8)
を有するレンズ(3)を備えた眼内レンズ(IOL)(1)であって、
前記陥凹したレンズ部と前記主レンズ部との前記1又は複数の境界が、前記眼内レンズ(1)がコリメーティングレンズを介して照射され、4mmの開口を有するISOモデル眼に配置される時に前記光軸から離れる方向に光を屈折させるように形作られる、1又は複数の融合部(10、11)を形成し;
前記凹部が、2つの側で、前記光学中心から伸びる半径線によって境界され、前記凹部がそれによって経線区域を形作り、
前記2つの側の前記融合部が、1度より大きく35度未満の角度(γ)を挟む半径線の内側にあり、
S字形曲線を有する前記融合部の形状が、もっとも急峻な部分で、前記光学中心から1.6mmの融合部の中心領域において、傾きすなわち1次導関数が0.41未満の峻度を有する、
前記眼内レンズ。 - 1又は複数の融合部(10、11)が、光学中心の周りの直径4mmの円内で、15%未満の光の損失をもたらす湾曲を有し、
前記光の損失が、眼内レンズ(1)の合焦光の量を、凹部(7、8)がない同一の眼内レンズからの合焦光の量と比べたときの割合として定義されている、
請求項1に記載の眼内レンズ。 - 光の損失が、10%以下である、請求項2に記載の眼内レンズ。
- 凹部が、160〜200度、一態様では175〜195度の夾角を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の眼内レンズ。
- 凹部が、2つの半径線と、同心の緯線とで中心部から距離をおいて境界される、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の眼内レンズ。
- 2つの融合部(10)が、それぞれ17度未満の角度(γ)を挟む半径線の内側にあり、一態様では前記半径線が15°未満の角度(γ)を挟み、一態様では前記半径線が5度未満の角度(γ)を挟む、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の眼内レンズ。
- S字状曲線が、光学中心から1.6mmの融合部の中心領域において、傾きすなわち1次導関数が0.1を超える峻度を有する、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の眼内レンズ。
- S字状曲線が、光学中心から2.8mmの融合部の中心領域において、傾きすなわち1次導関数が、0.2を超える峻度を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の眼内レンズ。
- 少なくとも1つの融合部、特に少なくとも1つの半径線融合部が、S字状曲線を有し、主レンズ部表面から凹部の表面へと伸びる第1の放物曲線をたどり、前記第1の放物曲線に接続する中間曲線部を有し、凹部表面で終わる第2の放物曲線をたどり続ける、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の眼内レンズ。
- もっとも急峻な部分における中間曲線部が、1次導関数が光学中心から0.4mmにおいて少なくとも0.05の峻度、一態様では0.8mmにおいて少なくとも0.1の峻度、一態様では1.2mmにおいて少なくとも0.15の峻度、一態様では1.6mmにおいて少なくとも0.2の峻度、一態様では2.0mmにおいて少なくとも0.3の峻度、一態様では2.4mmにおいて少なくとも0.4の峻度、一態様では2.8mmにおいて少なくとも0.5の峻度を有する、請求項9に記載の眼内レンズ。
- 主レンズ部、凹部、及び融合部が、術後6ヶ月以内に明所視光条件下で、少なくとも11〜19歳と50〜75歳の母集団平均の間にあるLogCS特性を空間周波数(cpd)3〜18で与えるように互いに配置され形作られ、一態様では、6〜18の空間周波数(cpd)でそのLogCS特性が、術後6ヶ月以内に明所視光条件下で、20〜55歳の母集団平均を超える、請求項1〜10に記載の眼内レンズ。
- 溝であるバッグに角膜インレー又は前眼房レンズとして挿入されるべき付加眼内レンズであって、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の眼内レンズを含み、主レンズ部が−10〜+5ジオプトリーの屈折度を有する、前記付加眼内レンズ。
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