JP2016056766A - 内燃機関の可変燃焼システム - Google Patents
内燃機関の可変燃焼システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016056766A JP2016056766A JP2014185231A JP2014185231A JP2016056766A JP 2016056766 A JP2016056766 A JP 2016056766A JP 2014185231 A JP2014185231 A JP 2014185231A JP 2014185231 A JP2014185231 A JP 2014185231A JP 2016056766 A JP2016056766 A JP 2016056766A
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- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B11/00—Engines characterised by both fuel-air mixture compression and air compression, or characterised by both positive ignition and compression ignition, e.g. in different cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
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- F01L1/185—Overhead end-pivot rocking arms
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- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
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- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0021—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of rocker arm ratio
- F01L13/0026—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of rocker arm ratio by means of an eccentric
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- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0203—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves
- F02D13/0207—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing valve lift or valve lift and timing
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- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0203—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves
- F02D13/0215—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing the valve timing only
- F02D13/0219—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing the valve timing only by shifting the phase, i.e. the opening periods of the valves are constant
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- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
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- F02D13/0265—Negative valve overlap for temporarily storing residual gas in the cylinder
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- F02D15/02—Varying compression ratio by alteration or displacement of piston stroke
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- F02D41/005—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] according to engine operating conditions
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- F02D41/3017—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used
- F02D41/3035—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the premixed charge compression-ignition mode
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- F02D41/3076—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion with special conditions for selecting a mode of combustion, e.g. for starting, for diagnosing
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- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/01—Internal exhaust gas recirculation, i.e. wherein the residual exhaust gases are trapped in the cylinder or pushed back from the intake or the exhaust manifold into the combustion chamber without the use of additional passages
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- F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
- F01L1/267—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder with means for varying the timing or the lift of the valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
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- F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
- F01L2001/3445—Details relating to the hydraulic means for changing the angular relationship
- F01L2001/34453—Locking means between driving and driven members
- F01L2001/34469—Lock movement parallel to camshaft axis
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- F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
- F01L2001/3445—Details relating to the hydraulic means for changing the angular relationship
- F01L2001/34479—Sealing of phaser devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
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- F01L2001/34483—Phaser return springs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0063—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot
- F01L2013/0073—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot with an oscillating cam acting on the valve of the "Delphi" type
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01L2250/02—Camshaft drives characterised by their transmission means the camshaft being driven by chains
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
- F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
- F02D41/064—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting at cold start
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
機械圧縮比εを変化可能な可変機械圧縮比制御機構(VCR)109が設けられている。
が巻回された排気側油圧バルブタイミング制御機構(E-VTC)2を介して機関のクランクシャフトから回転力が伝達されて、図2の時計方向(矢印方向)に回転するようになっている。
定しがちであるが、各コイルスプリング71の強いばね力によって、図7Aに示すように、タイミングスプロケット41に対して駆動軸4の回転方向(矢印方向)の時計方向、すなわち進角方向に相対回転し、オイルポンプ19の油圧が作用せずとも最進角位置で安定する。これによって、ベーン部材42は、最大幅のベーン42bがシュー44aの遅角側油室52側の側面に当接した位置に保持されて、ここがタイミングスプロケット41に対して駆動軸4が最大限進角側に変換された位置となる。また、同時にこの位置で、ロックピン67の先端部67aが係合穴68内に係合してタイミングスプロケット41と駆動軸4との自由な相対回転を規制する。
ここで言う高精度とは、筒内ガス温度に影響するパラメ−タ(IVC)をひとつ実質的に減らせることになるからである。
以上により、圧縮自着火燃焼において、熱効率の高い超リ−ン燃焼で且つ燃焼安定性を向上し、一層良好な燃費性能を得ることができるのである。
すなわち、第3運転領域においては、第2運転領域と同様に、点火プラグ105の火花放電が行われるのである。
以下、前記各実施形態等から把握される特許請求の範囲に記載した以外の技術的思想について下記する。
Claims (14)
- 内燃機関の燃焼室への内部EGR量を制御する可変動弁制御機構と、
前記燃焼室の機械圧縮比を制御する可変機械圧縮比制御機構と、
前記内燃機関の燃焼室での混合気の燃焼形態を圧縮自着火燃焼と火花点火燃焼のいずれかに切り替えると共に前記可変動弁制御機構及び可変機械圧縮比制御機構を制御する制御手段と、
を備えた内燃機関の可変燃焼システムにおいて、
前記制御手段は、前記圧縮自着火燃焼を行なう第1運転領域では前記可変機械圧縮比制御機構による機械圧縮比変更制御を抑制して前記可変動弁制御機構による内部EGR量変更制御を優先的に実行し、前記火花点火燃焼を行う第2運転領域では前記可変動弁制御機構による内部EGR量変更制御を抑制して可変機械圧縮比制御機構による機械圧縮比変更制御を優先的に実行することを特徴とする内燃機関の可変燃焼システム。 - 請求項1に記載の内燃機関の可変燃焼システムにおいて、
前記制御手段は、前記圧縮自着火燃焼を行なう前記第1運転領域では、前記可変機械圧縮比制御機構による機械圧縮比変更制御を抑制して所定の機械圧縮比付近に維持すると共に、前記可変動弁制御機構による内部EGR量変更制御を優先的に実行して内部EGR量を調整し、前記火花点火燃焼を行なう前記第2運転領域では、前記可変動弁制御機構による内部EGR量変更制御を抑制して内部EGR量を所定量に抑制すると共に、前記可変機械圧縮比制御機構による機械圧縮比変更制御を優先的に実行して機械圧縮比を調整することを特徴とする内燃機関の可変燃焼システム。 - 請求項2に記載の内燃機関の可変燃焼システムにおいて、
前記制御手段は、前記可変機械圧縮比制御機構によって、前記第1運転領域では高機械圧縮比に維持すると共に、前記第2運転領域では負荷の上昇と共に機械圧縮比を低減することを特徴とする内燃機関の可変燃焼システム。 - 請求項2に記載の内燃機関の可変燃焼システムにおいて、
前記制御手段は、前記可変動弁制御機構よって、前記第1運転領域では負荷の増加に応じて内部EGR量を減少させると共に、前記第2運転領域では前記可変動弁制御機構による内部EGR量を小量に抑制することを特徴とする内燃機関の可変燃焼システム。 - 請求項2に記載の内燃機関の可変燃焼システムにおいて、
前記制御手段は、前記可変機械圧縮比制御機構によって、前記第1運転領域ではほぼ最大の機械圧縮比に維持すると共に、前記第2運転領域では負荷の上昇と共に機械圧縮比を低減し、前記可変動弁制御機構よって、前記第1運転領域では負荷の増加に応じて内部EGR量を減少させると共に、前記第2運転領域では前記可変動弁制御機構による内部EGR量を小量に抑制することを特徴とする内燃機関の可変燃焼システム。 - 請求項2に記載の内燃機関の可変燃焼システムにおいて、
前記可変動弁制御機構は、吸気行程で排気バルブを開弁させる排気サブリフト制御機構を備えており、前記制御手段は前記排気サブリフト制御機構のリフト特性を変化させることで、内部EGR量を変化させることを特徴とする内燃機関の可変燃焼システム。 - 請求項2に記載の内燃機関の可変燃焼システムにおいて、
前記可変動弁制御機構は吸気側バルブタイミング制御機構を備えており、前記制御手段は、前記第1運転領域では前記吸気側バルブタイミング制御機構の吸気バルブの閉時期を下死点付近に保持すると共に、前記第2運転領域では負荷の増加に応じて前記吸気バルブの閉時期を最大負荷での下死点付近の閉時期に向けて進角することを特徴とする内燃機関の可変燃焼システム。 - 請求項1に記載の内燃機関の可変燃焼システムにおいて、
前記第1運転領域と前記第2運転領域の間に、圧縮自着火燃焼と火花点火燃焼の両方の併用燃焼を行なう第3運転領域を設定することを特徴とする内燃機関の可変燃焼システム。 - 請求項8に記載の内燃機関の可変燃焼システムにおいて、
前記第1運転領域は負荷が低負荷の領域に設定され、前記第2運転領域は負荷が高負荷の領域に設定され、前記第3運転領域は低負荷と高負荷の間の領域に設定されていることを特徴とする内燃機関の可変燃焼システム。 - 請求項2に記載の内燃機関の可変燃焼システムにおいて、
前記可変動弁制御機構は、排気側バルブタイミング制御機構によって排気バルブの閉時期を上死点前に設定し、吸気側バルブタイミング制御機構によって吸気バルブの開時期を前記上死点後に設定し、前記制御手段は、前記排気バルブの閉時期と吸気バルブの開時期によって決まるネガティブバルブオーバーラップの区間を制御して内部EGR量を調整することを特徴とする内燃機関の可変燃焼システム。 - 請求項10に記載の内燃機関の可変燃焼システムにおいて、
前記制御手段は、前記排気バルブの閉時期から前記上死点の間の区間と、前記上死点から前記吸気バルブの開時期の間の区間をほぼ同じ位相角に設定することを特徴とする内燃機関の可変燃焼システム。 - 請求項1乃至請求11のいずれかに記載の内燃機関の可変燃焼システムにおいて、
前記制御手段は、前記第1運転領域での圧縮自着火燃焼と前記第2運転領域での火花点火燃焼、及び必要に応じて追加される前記第3運転領域での併用燃焼は前記内燃機関の暖機が完了した暖機状態で実行し、暖機が完了していない冷機状態では全運転領域において前記火花点火燃焼を実行することを特徴とする内燃機関の可変燃焼システム。 - 請求項12に記載の内燃機関の可変燃焼システムにおいて、
前記内燃機関の冷機状態に実行される火花点火燃焼においては、前記制御手段は、前記可変機械圧縮比制御機構によってほぼ最小の機械圧縮比に維持すると共に、前記可変動弁制御機構によって内部EGR量を負荷の上昇に応じて減少することを特徴とする内燃機関の可変燃焼システム。 - 内燃機関の燃焼室への内部EGR量を制御する可変動弁制御機構と、
前記燃焼室の機械圧縮比を制御する可変機械圧縮比制御機構と、
を備え、前記内燃機関の燃焼室での混合気の燃焼形態を圧縮自着火燃焼と火花点火燃焼のいずれかに切り替え可能な内燃機関の可変燃焼システムにおいて、
前記圧縮自着火燃焼を行なう第1運転領域では前記可変機械圧縮比制御機構による機械圧縮比変更制御を停止、或いは制御量を一定に維持、或いは制御量の変化量を少なくすると共に、前記可変動弁制御機構による内部EGR量変更制御を実行し、
前記火花点火燃焼を行う第2運転領域では前記可変動弁制御機構による内部EGR量変更制御を停止、或いは制御量を一定に維持、或いは制御量の変化量を少なくすると共に、
前記可変機械圧縮比制御機構による機械圧縮比の変更制御を実行することを特徴とする内燃機関の可変燃焼システム。
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