JP2016039240A - 電子部品 - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP2016039240A
JP2016039240A JP2014161240A JP2014161240A JP2016039240A JP 2016039240 A JP2016039240 A JP 2016039240A JP 2014161240 A JP2014161240 A JP 2014161240A JP 2014161240 A JP2014161240 A JP 2014161240A JP 2016039240 A JP2016039240 A JP 2016039240A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
solder layer
layer
solder
arrangement region
electronic component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2014161240A
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JP6546376B2 (ja
Inventor
藤井 義磨郎
Yoshimaro Fujii
義磨郎 藤井
小栗 洋
Hiroshi Oguri
洋 小栗
明 坂本
Akira Sakamoto
坂本  明
智也 田口
Tomoya Taguchi
智也 田口
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Hamamatsu Photonics KK
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Hamamatsu Photonics KK
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Application filed by Hamamatsu Photonics KK filed Critical Hamamatsu Photonics KK
Priority to JP2014161240A priority Critical patent/JP6546376B2/ja
Priority to CN201580042313.6A priority patent/CN106663641B/zh
Priority to KR1020167031733A priority patent/KR102387336B1/ko
Priority to PCT/JP2015/072215 priority patent/WO2016021632A1/ja
Priority to US15/320,835 priority patent/US20170200693A1/en
Priority to TW104125674A priority patent/TWI711137B/zh
Publication of JP2016039240A publication Critical patent/JP2016039240A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6546376B2 publication Critical patent/JP6546376B2/ja
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Abstract

【課題】Au−Sn合金ハンダを用いて他の電子部品を実装する場合でも、当該他の電子部品の実装を適切に行うことが可能な電子部品を提供すること。【解決手段】電子部品1Aは、基材10と、基材10上に配置されている、複数の導電性金属材料層21,22,23の積層体20と、積層体20上に配置されている、Au−Sn合金ハンダからなるハンダ層30と、を備えている。積層体20は、最外層を構成する導電性金属材料層23として、Auからなる表面層を有している。表面層は、ハンダ層30が配置されるハンダ層配置領域23aと、ハンダ層30が配置されないハンダ層非配置領域23bと、を含んでいる。ハンダ層配置領域23aとハンダ層非配置領域23bとは、空間的に離間している。【選択図】図2

Description

本発明は、電子部品に関する。
フォトダイオードと、フォトダイオードの上面の受光部以外の部位に配置されている端子と、端子に配置されているバンプと、を備えた電子部品が知られている(たとえば、特許文献1参照)。この電子部品には、他の電子部品として、ICチップが実装される。
特開2000−307133号公報
本発明は、Au−Sn合金ハンダを用いて他の電子部品を実装する場合でも、当該他の電子部品の実装を適切に行うことが可能な電子部品を提供することを目的とする。
本発明に係る電子部品は、基材と、基材上に配置されている、複数の導電性金属材料層の積層体と、積層体上に配置されているAu−Sn合金ハンダからなるハンダ層と、を備え、積層体は、最外層を構成する導電性金属材料層として、Auからなる表面層を有し、表面層は、ハンダ層が配置されるハンダ層配置領域と、ハンダ層が配置されないハンダ層非配置領域と、を含み、ハンダ層配置領域とハンダ層非配置領域とは、空間的に離間していることを特徴とする。
本発明に係る電子部品では、積層体の最外層を構成するAuからなる表面層が、ハンダ層配置領域とハンダ層非配置領域とを含み、これらのハンダ層配置領域とハンダ層非配置領域とは空間的に離間している。このため、本発明に係る電子部品に他の電子部品を実装する際に、積層体上に配置されているハンダ層(Au−Sn合金ハンダ)は溶融するものの、溶融したAu−Sn合金ハンダがハンダ層配置領域からハンダ層非配置領域に流れ出すことが抑制される。
ハンダ層と表面層との熱履歴により、表面層のAuがハンダ層に拡散し、Au−Sn合金ハンダの組成が変化することがある。Au−Sn合金ハンダの組成が変化した場合、Au−Sn合金ハンダの融点にバラつきが生じたり、他の電子部品の接合状態が不均一となったりするおそれがある。上述したように、ハンダ層配置領域とハンダ層非配置領域とは空間的に離間しているので、表面層のAuがハンダ層に拡散する場合でも、ハンダ層非配置領域のAuはハンダ層に拡散することはなく、表面層からのAuの拡散量は抑制される。このため、Au−Sn合金ハンダの組成の変化が抑制される。
以上のことから、本発明によれば、Au−Sn合金ハンダを用いて他の電子部品を実装する場合でも、当該他の電子部品の実装を適切に行うことができる。
ハンダ層配置領域は、ハンダ層非配置領域に囲まれるように、ハンダ層非配置領域の内側に位置すると共に、その全周においてハンダ層非配置領域と空間的に離間していてもよい。この場合、溶融したAu−Sn合金ハンダがハンダ層配置領域からハンダ層非配置領域に流れ出すことがより一層確実に抑制できる。また、ハンダ層配置領域からのAuの拡散量がより一層抑制されるため、Au−Sn合金ハンダの組成の変化を確実に抑制することができる。
ハンダ層配置領域とハンダ層非配置領域とは、表面層に形成されたスリットにより空間的に離間していてもよい。この場合、ハンダ層配置領域とハンダ層非配置領域とが空間的に離間している構成を簡易に実現することができる。
ハンダ層は、Ptからなるバリア層を介して、積層体上に配置されていてもよい。この場合、ハンダ層配置領域からのAuの拡散が防がれるため、Au−Sn合金ハンダの組成の変化をより一層確実に抑制することができる。
本発明によれば、Au−Sn合金ハンダを用いて他の電子部品を実装する場合でも、当該他の電子部品の実装を適切に行うことが可能な電子部品を提供することができる。
本発明の実施形態に係る電子部品を示す平面図である。 図1に示されたII−II線に沿った断面構成を説明するための図である。 本実施形態の変形例に係る電子部品の断面構成を説明するための図である。 ハンダ層を形成する過程を説明するための図である。 ハンダ層配置領域とハンダ層非配置領域とが空間的に離間していない電子部品の断面構成を説明するための図である。 本実施形態の他の変形例に係る電子部品を示す平面図である。 本実施形態の他の変形例に係る電子部品の断面構成を説明するための図である。 本実施形態の他の変形例に係る電子部品を示す平面図である。
以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明の実施形態について詳細に説明する。なお、説明において、同一要素又は同一機能を有する要素には、同一符号を用いることとし、重複する説明は省略する。
図1及び図2を参照して、本実施形態に係る電子部品1Aの構成を説明する。図1は、本実施形態に係る電子部品の平面図である。図2は、図1に示されたII−II線に沿った断面構成を説明するための図である。
電子部品1Aは、基材10、積層体20、及びハンダ層30を備えている。電子部品1Aは、たとえば、他の電子部品3が実装されるサブマウント基板として機能する。他の電子部品3には、例えば、レーザーダイオードなどが挙げられる。実装には、電気的且つ物理的に接続することだけでなく、物理的にのみ接続することも含まれる。
基材10は、半導体基板11を含んでいる。半導体基板11は、互いに対向する一対の主面11a,11bと、側面11cと、を有する、第一導電型(たとえば、N型)のシリコン基板である。側面11cは、一対の主面11a,11b間を連結するように一対の主面11a,11bの対向方向に延びている。本実施形態では、半導体基板11は、図1に示されるように、平面視で矩形形状を呈しており、四つの側面11cを有する。
半導体基板11は、主面11a側に位置する第二導電型(たとえば、P型)の第一半導体領域13を有している。第一半導体領域13は、第二導電型の不純物(ボロンなど)が添加された領域であり、半導体基板11よりも不純物濃度が高い。第一半導体領域13は、たとえば、イオン注入法又は拡散法により、第二導電型の不純物を主面11a側から半導体基板11に添加することにより形成される。
基材10では、半導体基板11と第一半導体領域13とでPN接合が形成されている。すなわち、基材10は、主面11aが光入射面である表面入射型のフォトダイオードである。第一半導体領域13は、半導体基板11とで光感応領域を構成している。他の電子部品3としてレーザーダイオードが電子部品1Aに実装される場合、上記フォトダイオードは、レーザーダイオードの出力をモニタする。
基材10は、半導体基板11の主面11a上に配置されているパッシベーション膜15を含んでいる。パッシベーション膜15には、第一半導体領域13に対応する位置に開口15aが形成されている。第一半導体領域13(光感応領域)には、パッシベーション膜15に形成された開口15aを通って、光が入射する。パッシベーション膜15は、たとえばSiNからなる。パッシベーション膜15は、たとえばCVD(Chemical Vapor Deposition)法により形成される。本実施形態では、上記フォトダイオードに接続されるカソード電極(パッド)及びアノード電極(パッド)の図示を省略している。
積層体20は、基材10(パッシベーション膜15上)上に配置されている。詳細には、積層体20は、パッシベーション膜15における、開口15aが形成されていない領域上に配置されている。積層体20は、複数の導電性金属材料層(本実施形態では、三層の導電性金属材料層21,22,23)からなる。各導電性金属材料層21,22,23は、導電性金属材料からなる層である。三層の導電性金属材料層21,22,23は、基材10側から、導電性金属材料層21、導電性金属材料層22、導電性金属材料層23の順に積層されている。各導電性金属材料層21,22,23は、たとえば真空蒸着法又はスパッタリング法により形成される。
導電性金属材料層21は、基材10(パッシベーション膜15)との接触層を構成しており、基材10(パッシベーション膜15)との密着性を高める。導電性金属材料層21は、たとえばTiからなる。導電性金属材料層21の厚みは、たとえば0.1〜0.2μmである。導電性金属材料層21は、Ti以外に、Crなどからなっていてもよい。
導電性金属材料層22は、中間のバリア層を構成しており、他の導電性金属材料層21,23から金属材料(金属原子)が拡散するのを防ぐ。導電性金属材料層22は、たとえばPtからなる。導電性金属材料層22の厚みは、たとえば0.2〜0.3μmである。
導電性金属材料層23は、積層体20の最外層を構成する、すなわち表面層を構成している。導電性金属材料層23は、たとえばAuからなる。導電性金属材料層23の厚みは、たとえば0.1〜0.5μmである。
導電性金属材料層23は、ハンダ層30が配置されるハンダ層配置領域23aと、ハンダ層30が配置されないハンダ層非配置領域23bと、を含んでいる。ハンダ層配置領域23aとハンダ層非配置領域23bとは、導電性金属材料層22上において、空間的に離間している。すなわち、ハンダ層配置領域23aとハンダ層非配置領域23bとが空間的に離間している領域では、導電性金属材料層22が露出している。
本実施形態では、ハンダ層配置領域23aは、ハンダ層非配置領域23bに囲まれるように、ハンダ層非配置領域23bの内側に位置すると共に、その全周においてハンダ層非配置領域23bと空間的に離間している。ハンダ層配置領域23aとハンダ層非配置領域23bとは、導電性金属材料層23に形成されたスリット23cにより空間的に離間している。
ハンダ層30は、Au−Sn合金ハンダからなり、積層体20(導電性金属材料層23のハンダ層配置領域23a)上に配置されている。ハンダ層30は、導電性金属材料層23(ハンダ層配置領域23a)に接している。ハンダ層30は、たとえばフォトレジスト(ネガ型のフォトレジスト)を用いたリフトオフ法により形成される。ハンダ層30の厚みは、たとえば2.0〜5.0μmである。
以上のように、本実施形態では、Auからなる導電性金属材料層23が、ハンダ層配置領域23aとハンダ層非配置領域23bとを含み、これらのハンダ層配置領域23aとハンダ層非配置領域23bとは空間的に離間している。このため、電子部品1Aに他の電子部品3を実装する際に、積層体20上に配置されているハンダ層30(Au−Sn合金ハンダ)は溶融するものの、溶融したAu−Sn合金ハンダがハンダ層配置領域23aからハンダ層非配置領域23bに流れ出すことが抑制される。
電子部品1Aの製造過程におけるハンダ層30と導電性金属材料層23との熱履歴により、導電性金属材料層23のAuがハンダ層30に拡散し、Au−Sn合金ハンダの組成が変化することがある。Au−Sn合金ハンダの組成が変化した場合、Au−Sn合金ハンダの融点にバラつきが生じたり、他の電子部品3の接合状態が不均一となったりするおそれがある。
これに対し、本実施形態では、ハンダ層配置領域23aとハンダ層非配置領域23bとは空間的に離間しているので、導電性金属材料層23のAuがハンダ層30に拡散する場合でも、ハンダ層非配置領域23bのAuはハンダ層30に拡散することはなく、導電性金属材料層23からのAuの拡散量は抑制される。このため、Au−Sn合金ハンダの組成の変化が抑制される。
これらの結果、電子部品1Aによれば、Au−Sn合金ハンダを用いて他の電子部品3を実装する場合でも、他の電子部品3の実装を適切に行うことができる。
本実施形態では、ハンダ層配置領域23aは、ハンダ層非配置領域23bに囲まれるように、ハンダ層非配置領域23bの内側に位置すると共に、その全周においてハンダ層非配置領域23bと空間的に離間している。これにより、溶融したAu−Sn合金ハンダがハンダ層配置領域23aからハンダ層非配置領域23bに流れ出すことがより一層確実に抑制できる。また、ハンダ層配置領域23aからのAuの拡散量がより一層抑制されるため、Au−Sn合金ハンダの組成の変化を確実に抑制することができる。
本実施形態では、ハンダ層配置領域23aとハンダ層非配置領域23bとは、導電性金属材料層23に形成されたスリットにより空間的に離間している。これにより、ハンダ層配置領域23aとハンダ層非配置領域23bとが空間的に離間している構成を簡易に実現することができる。
次に、図3を参照して、本実施形態の変形例に係る電子部品1Bの構成を説明する。図3は、本実施形態の変形例に係る電子部品の断面構成を説明するための図である。
電子部品1Bは、基材10、積層体20、ハンダ層30、及びバリア層40を備えている。電子部品1Bも、電子部品1Aと同様に、たとえば、他の電子部品3が実装されるサブマウント基板として機能する。
バリア層40は、積層体20とハンダ層30との間に配置されている。バリア層40は、積層体20(導電性金属材料層23)に接すると共に、ハンダ層30に接している。すなわち、ハンダ層30は、バリア層40を介して、積層体20上に配置されている。バリア層40は、Ptからなる。バリア層40は、たとえば、リフトオフ法によりハンダ層30と共に形成される。バリア層40の厚みは、たとえば0.2〜0.3μmである。
本変形例では、バリア層40により、導電性金属材料層23(ハンダ層配置領域23a)からのAuの拡散が防がれる。したがって、電子部品1Bにおいて、Au−Sn合金ハンダの組成の変化をより一層確実に抑制することができる。
バリア層40が積層体20とハンダ層30との間に配置されている場合、ハンダ層配置領域23aとハンダ層非配置領域23bとが空間的に離間していなくても、ハンダ層配置領域23aからハンダ層非配置領域23bへの溶融したAu−Sn合金ハンダの流れ出しが抑制されることが期待される。しかしながら、以下の事象により、バリア層40が存在している場合でも、上述した溶融したAu−Sn合金ハンダの流れ出しは抑制され難い。
ハンダ層30が上述したリフトオフ法により形成されている場合、フォトレジスト50の形状に起因して、図4及び図5に示されるように、ハンダ層30がバリア層40よりも広く形成される。すなわち、ハンダ層30は、バリア層40を覆うと共に積層体20(導電性金属材料層23)に接するように形成される。ハンダ層30の厚みは、一般に、バリア層40の厚みよりも大きい。このため、ハンダ層30は、当該ハンダ層30に平行な方向に広がりやすく、ハンダ層30がバリア層40よりもより一層広く形成されてしまう。ハンダ層30が導電性金属材料層23に接していると、溶融したAu−Sn合金ハンダは、導電性金属材料層23上を濡れ広がるおそれがあり、ハンダ層配置領域23aからハンダ層非配置領域23bに流れ出してしまう。
本変形例では、電子部品1Aと同様に、ハンダ層配置領域23aとハンダ層非配置領域23bとは空間的に離間しているので、溶融したAu−Sn合金ハンダのハンダ層配置領域23aからハンダ層非配置領域23bへの流れ出しが確実に抑制される。
以上、本発明の実施形態について説明してきたが、本発明は必ずしも上述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲で様々な変更が可能である。
基材10は、表面入射型のフォトダイオードに限られない。基材10は、図6及び図7に示されるように、少なくともいずれか一つの側面11cが光入射面である側面入射型のフォトダイオードであってもよい。図6及び図7に示された電子部品1Aでは、パッシベーション膜15から露出するように、カソード電極(パッド)61と、アノード電極(パッド)63と、が配置されている。図6は、本実施形態の他の変形例に係る電子部品を示す平面図である。図7は、本実施形態の他の変形例に係る電子部品の断面構成を説明するための図である。
ハンダ層配置領域23aは、ハンダ層非配置領域23bに囲まれるように、ハンダ層非配置領域23bの内側に位置すると共に、その全周においてハンダ層非配置領域23bと空間的に離間している必要はない。たとえば、ハンダ層配置領域23aとハンダ層非配置領域23bとは、図8に示されるように、直線状のスリット23cで分割されるように空間的に離間していてもよい。
積層体20は、三層の導電性金属材料層21,22,23からなる必要はない。積層体20は、二層の導電性金属材料層からなっていてもよく、また、四層以上の導電性金属材料層からなっていてもよい。これらの場合でも、積層体20における最外層を構成する導電性金属材料層、すなわち表面層がAuからなっていればよい。
基材10は、フォトダイオードでなくてもよく、また、基材10は、半導体基板11を含んでいる必要はない。基材10は、半導体基板11の代わりに、たとえばセラミック基板又はガラス基板などを含んでいてもよい。セラミック基板には、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)基板又はアルミナ(Al)基板などが用いられる。
電子部品1A,1Bに実装される他の電子部品3は、レーザーダイオードである必要はない。他の電子部品3は、たとえば受光素子、発光素子、半導体パッケージ、回路基板、能動部品、又は受動部品であってもよい。
1A,1B…電子部品、10…基材、20…積層体、21,22,23…導電性金属材料層、23a…ハンダ層配置領域、23b…ハンダ層非配置領域、23c…スリット、30…ハンダ層、40…バリア層。

Claims (4)

  1. 基材と、
    前記基材上に配置されている、複数の導電性金属材料層の積層体と、
    前記積層体上に配置されている、Au−Sn合金ハンダからなるハンダ層と、を備え、
    前記積層体は、最外層を構成する前記導電性金属材料層として、Auからなる表面層を有し、
    前記表面層は、前記ハンダ層が配置されるハンダ層配置領域と、前記ハンダ層が配置されないハンダ層非配置領域と、を含み、
    前記ハンダ層配置領域と前記ハンダ層非配置領域とは、空間的に離間していることを特徴とする電子部品。
  2. 前記ハンダ層配置領域は、前記ハンダ層非配置領域に囲まれるように、前記ハンダ層非配置領域の内側に位置すると共に、その全周において前記ハンダ層非配置領域と空間的に離間していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電子部品。
  3. 前記ハンダ層配置領域と前記ハンダ層非配置領域とは、前記表面層に形成されたスリットにより空間的に離間していることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の電子部品。
  4. 前記ハンダ層は、Ptからなるバリア層を介して、前記積層体上に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の電子部品。
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