JP2016010366A - Cultivation method using neglected bamboo groove's cut bamboo tubes as cultivation container capsules for licorice - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cultivation method using neglected bamboo groove's cut bamboo tubes as cultivation container capsules for licorice.SOLUTION: A forest of bamboo tubes erecting from ground right after being cut are used as cultivation containers for licorice 21, after filling culture soil 20 and the like, licorice 21 is cultivated. Cut-off bamboo tubes that have been cut are also used mixed together with stump bamboo tubes 19 for mass cultivation as a managed farm field. For an extinction of a neglected bamboo groove, cultivation must be performed as stump bamboo tube capsules 19 before being cultivated in a managed farm field.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for making a licorice cultivation container capsule with a stubble bamboo tube as it is grown (hereinafter referred to as “stock bamboo tube”), and a cut bamboo tube of about 1 m. The present invention relates to a method for producing a management field in which a stock bamboo cylinder and a cut bamboo cylinder are mixed and cultivated by being cut (hereinafter referred to as “cut bamboo cylinder”) and used as a licorice cultivation container capsule (hereinafter referred to as “bamboo cylinder capsule”).

In licorice cultivation, the roots become finer due to the climatic conditions in Japan, such as during the rainy season, and the growth of the licorice medicinal component glycyrrhizic acid content of 2.5% or more is over 6 years. In short, it was not suitable for domestic production. In recent years, early cultivation methods have been developed, and tube cultivation is attracting attention as a method suitable for licorice cultivation. This method has the advantage that the growth period of the main root grows without becoming branched fine roots, so that the cultivation period is shortened and the rhizome can be easily collected at the time of harvest. However, for pipe cultivation, PVC pipes are used, and pipe cost, post-treatment, and field management are required for 4 to 5 years.
Licorice has traditionally been harvested in China's loess plateau and desert areas, but in order to collect rhizomes that are deeper than 2m deep, it excavated a large amount of earth and sand and spurred desertification. In recent years, the Chinese government has banned collection to promote the destruction of nature.
On the other hand, in Japan, abandoned farmland and abandoned bamboo forests increased rapidly in proportion to the progress of depopulation. In aerial photographs of satoyama on the Chita Peninsula, Aichi Prefecture, 35 forest walks in 305 town walks in 15 years. There is an example of eroding about 9 times the area. Bamboo forest cutting is less efficient than thinned wood, and the use of bamboo raw materials that are expensive even after cutting is limited. Furthermore, if the harvested bamboo forest is not used immediately, it will become a weed and a weed forest and will have further challenges.

JP-A-010-291181 (P 2009-15064) Japanese Patent Application No. 3-170217

  Abandoned bamboo forests are transforming the ecosystem of satoyama, and environmental destruction is progressing, but the use of bamboo raw materials, which are expensive and expensive to maintain and cut down, is narrow, and the labor force around satoyama It is difficult to secure and commercialization is difficult.

On the other hand, licorice has been collected naturally in the Loess Plateau and desert areas of China, but since the Chinese government has recently banned collection to dig up to a depth of 2m or more to promote natural destruction and desertification, licorice Prices soared.
An object of the present invention is to solve the problems caused by these two natural destructions by finding a way to simultaneously solve the maintenance logging of abandoned bamboo forest and licorice cultivation.

In the present invention, the path of quantitative cultivation of licorice is opened by means of the following “1” to “7”, and the satoyama that has an abandoned bamboo forest is converted to a licorice production area.
“1” Bamboo Forest Cutting Method Bamboo digging firewood, etc., when cutting from the root, it grows and regenerates the next year, but if a wide range of bamboo is cut down to approximately 1m, bamboo will not grow in the surrounding area and will be cut. The underground stem will decay and eradicate within 4 to 5 years due to the corrosive action of rainwater and dust from the cut end.
“2” Bamboo Cylinder Capsule Bamboo Cylinders that have been harvested are also cut bamboo cylinders, both of which have an inner diameter of 6 cm or more, and the Bamboo Cylinders all have intermediate nodes above the bottom node. Cut and cut the cut bamboo cylinder to about 1 m in length, and cut out all the intermediate sections, leaving the bottom section.
All bamboo tube capsules are made by drilling 3 to 6 through holes with a diameter of 5 to 12 mm 3 to 5 cm above the bottom node to create drainage ports.
“3” Drain port and puddle Bamboo capsules are filled with pumice, pearlite, gravel, etc. as bottom stones above the level of the drain port, and water between the bottom stones from the bottom node to the drain port is filled by water injection from the upper end. It becomes a pool.
"4" Planting of soil and licorice seedlings Fill the soil on the bottom stone in the bamboo tube capsule to 5-10cm below the upper end,
Plant licorice seedlings on it. The cultivated soil is humus, with red orchid soil as the main soil,
Organic fertilizers such as peat moss, fermented seed lees, bamboo compost, moss, bone meal, fermented chicken manure, and porous charcoal are blended.
"5" Growth of licorice and medicinal main ingredient glycyrrhizic acid Bamboo capsules grow with stem roots in the hot and rainy season from April to October, but rainwater does not enter from other than the top, so there are several roots Although it branches off, it does not become a fine root but extends into the bottom stone in search of water. The main root grows about 50 to 80 cm per year, so in the fall after 2 years, it grows into the bottom stone, and the root grows in the bottom stone, and the main root grows thick even though it branches into several. .
In the bottom stone, the root branches off and extends out of the bamboo tube capsule through the drainage port with the capillary root.
Glycyrrhizic acid, the main medicinal component of licorice, accumulates in thickened main and branched roots. In the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, those containing 2.5% or more are considered medicinal, so they are cultivated in “Bamboo Capsule” for about 4 to 5 years.
“6” Management field A bamboo field of 10 or more bamboo cylinder capsules is arranged in two rows and a small diameter bamboo or the like is used as a support to create a management field.
Bamboo forests in Somune bamboo have an average of 1 bamboo cylinder per square meter that can be made into bamboo cylinder capsules, but the flat land is estimated to be about one third of the entire bamboo forest. Between the stubs after logging, there is room for 20-30 cultivated bamboo cylinder capsules per square meter, and about 10,000 can be cultivated in the flat bamboo forest 10a.
“7” Cultivation and embankment of the managed field In the managed field, a bank of embankment with a width of 10 cm or more and a depth of 10 cm or more is made on both sides of the side-by-side rows of bamboo cylinder capsules. The embankment soil is composed of debris, peat moss, fermented chicken manure, humus, fermented oil residue, and bamboo chips in the felled bamboo forest.
In managed farms, fine roots and branch roots that extend out from the drain of the bamboo tube capsule extend into the paddy of the embankment soil and grow by fertilizer, irrigation and photosynthesis inside and outside the bamboo tube capsule, and cultivation with pest and disease measures is taken .
The above-mentioned “1” to “7” are used as a means to convert the abandoned bamboo forest into a licorice cultivation area.

Previously, the narrow slopes of satoyama, which was the cultivated land, became terraced fields. In many cases, this satoyama can be revived by the present invention.
In depopulated villages, the labor force for logging and maintaining abandoned bamboo forests cannot be secured.However, if cultivation is carried out using the cultivated bamboo cylinder capsules, integrated work from bamboo forest harvesting to licorice harvesting can be continued. It is possible to train and increase the settled population to restore depopulated areas.
The present invention can sequentially expand the cultivation area without making a large-scale capital investment, and the model area can be cultivated in other areas as well. Abandoned bamboo forests often take several town walks, and in many cases the actual local governments have already investigated the situation, and the situation of landowners is also grasped, and logging maintenance and subsequent peasant fees and usage fees are also adjusted. Therefore, it seems that stable management is possible. If the harvested bamboo forest is cut to a height of 1 m and becomes a bamboo forest without branches and leaves, weeds can be quickly covered by weeds, and the vicious circle in which the intention of bamboo forest maintenance is changed to the next weed forest can be solved by the present invention.

It is a perspective view which shows the form example of the bamboo cylinder capsule which processed the stock bamboo cylinder which concerns on this invention, and planted the licorice seedling. It is a bamboo cylinder capsule sectional view before use which removed the middle node of the cut bamboo cylinder concerning the present invention, and perforated the drain outlet. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a bamboo cylinder capsule before use in which a middle node of the stock bamboo cylinder according to the present invention is removed and a drain outlet is perforated, which is connected to an underground stem and is alive. 1 is a detailed cross-sectional view of a grown licorice bamboo tube capsule bottom according to the present invention. FIG. It is a cross-sectional view in which a plastic, earthenware or metal dish is placed on the bottom joint, and the bottom stone is placed thereon. It is a form example perspective view of the bamboo cylinder capsule which is cultivated for 1 year or more in the stock bamboo cylinder capsule according to the present invention and cut and transplanted at the lower part of the bottom knot after confirming that no new pods grow. Fine roots and branch roots are taken out from the drain. It is an image of a bamboo forest where all the abandoned bamboo forest is cut into approximately 1m of bamboo back. If it is left for more than a year, it will turn into a weed and a forest. It is an image diagram of the management field before planting licorice, where bamboo cylinder capsules made by mixing flat bamboo stock cylinders and cut bamboo cylinders in parallel and supported side by side are supported by columns. FIG. 3 is an image perspective view in which licorice grown by making a fillet between side-by-side bamboo tube capsules according to the present invention by forming a fillet extends fine roots and branch roots from a drain outlet into the fillet culture. It is a top view of the “bamboo tube capsule” according to the present invention. It is a side view of "bamboo tube capsule" concerning the present invention.

.
An embodiment in which a stock bamboo cylinder and a cut bamboo cylinder are used as a bamboo cylinder capsule for licorice cultivation by cutting a stand bamboo forest according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

Cut all the bamboos in the logging area of the left bamboo forest of Munemune bamboo by about 1m. [Fig. 6]
Among the harvested bamboo stocks, the stock bamboo tube Fig. 3 with an inner diameter of 6 cm or more and a cut bamboo tube with an inner diameter of 6 cm or more are cut into approximately 1 m and used as bamboo tube capsules.

For both the stock bamboo cylinder and the cut bamboo cylinder used as the bamboo cylinder capsule, the middle node is removed leaving the bottom node, and 6 drainage ports with a diameter of 9 mm are drilled from the side surface approximately 5 cm above the bottom node to create the drainage port.
[FIGS. 2 and 3]

  The stock bamboo tube is connected to the grown underground stem and is alive and standing on the ground with approximately 1 meter of bamboo back. [FIGS. 1 and 3]

  On the flat land used as the management field, the cut bamboo tube and the bamboo tube capsule of the bamboo tube were made into two or more mixed rows with the stock bamboo tube as the starting point. Use small-diameter bamboo as a support. If the outer shape is 15 cm, 24 lines can be arranged per 1 m 2, so that about 10,000 can be cultivated in 10a. [Fig. 7]

Place a saucer on the bottom node. The saucer is made of a material that does not corrode, such as plastic, metal, and ceramics. On top of the saucer, pumice 1cm to 3cm in size is used as the bottom stone and placed higher than the drain. When licorice seedlings are planted, water is supplied from the top of the soil in the bamboo tube capsule, and water is poured until the excess water flows out from the upper end portion and the drainage port, and water accumulates from the saucer to the drainage port to the bottom stone. [Fig.4]
Water supply of the cultivated bamboo cylinder is only by rainwater or irrigation from the upper end.

The main and branched roots of licorice in the bamboo tube grow by photosynthesis, nutrients of soil and fertilizer, rainwater or irrigation, but they reach the bottom stone and form a large amount of capillary roots. As it grows further, some of the branch roots and capillary roots extend out of the bamboo tube from the drainage port. [FIG. 4 FIG. 5]
Stock bamboo tube capsules that have been cultivated for more than one year can move by cutting the bottom of the bottom node. In order to prevent the growth of Xinjiang on sloped land, overcrowded land, and sparsely grown areas for the purpose of eradicating abandoned bamboo forests, it has been cultivated with a stock bamboo tube capsule that has been grown for more than one year, and that Xinjiang does not grow After confirmation, transplant to the management field. [Fig.5]
Licorice leaves during the cold season from November to March, and the transplant is recommended during this period when the branches die and become dormant.
In March, shoots emerge and grow after May.

  Branch roots that extend out from the bamboo tube absorb nutrients in the embankment soil, and together with photosynthesis, produce and accumulate the medicinal component glycyrrhizic acid of the licorice main root. [Fig. 8]

Harvesting does not involve digging the stock bamboo cylinder capsule or the cut bamboo cylinder capsule, but breaks the bamboo cylinder and collects licorice roots.
As described above, the present invention has been variously described with reference to preferred examples, but the present invention is not limited to this cultivation example, and it goes without saying that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. is there.

According to the present invention, new farmland is not required, it can be implemented immediately after logging abandoned bamboo forest, and the biggest feature is that the equipment cost is low, the lease fee is also small, and the bamboo cylinder is free and uses large land it can. Abandoned bamboo forests are eroding not only farmland and orchards, but also other forests, and are eroding the ecosystem of satoyama.
On the other hand, in Japan, medicinal and perennial licorice cultivation has been dependent on imports due to the rainy weather, but the economy and quality are poor and depend on imports, but since the ban on the collection of native licorice in China, the largest producer, There is an urgent need. The present invention not only escapes from a rainy climate, but can also open up a depopulated satoyama regeneration path in Japan.

10 Cut bamboo tube
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Surface 12 Bamboo rhizome 13 Top part 14 Middle section 15 Bottom section 16 Drainage outlet 17 Receptacle 18 Bottom stone 19 Bamboo canal 20 Culture soil 21 Licorice 22 Main root 23 Branch root 24 Fine root 25 Cutting bottom 26 Filled bamboo cylinder 27

Claims (3)

The method of logging of the abandoned bamboo forest is to cut all the bamboo in the logging area to about 1 m, cut it according to the form in which the bamboo shoots do not grow and the underground stems are corroded and eradicated, and the top diameter of the cut bamboo cylinder is 6 cm or more. Since the stock bamboo tube grows on the ground and is used as a bamboo tube capsule, the node near the ground surface is the bottom node, all the nodes above the bottom node are removed, and 3 mm to 10 cm above the bottom node is 5 mm from the side. 3 to 6 holes of 10 mm are drilled to provide a drain, and a metal, ceramic or plastic saucer is placed on the bottom node, and 3 to 10 mm larger from the top of the saucer to above the location of the drain Sediment stones are added, and licorice seedlings are planted on top of the bottom stones in the bamboo cylinder, filled with peat moss, hinata soil, akadama soil, humus soil, fermented bamboo chips, fermented oil cake, fermented chicken manure, and porous charcoal. Until it overflows from the top The bamboo cylinder capsule is filled with water, and the space between the bottom stones becomes a water pool in the bamboo cylinder capsule from the saucer to the drain, and the licorice can grow. From April to October, the rhizomes are thick and the branches and leaves grow and grow, but from November to March in the cold season, it becomes dormant and grows over and over again, and it grows year by year. The standard licorice medicinal component, glycyrrhizic acid content of 2.5% or more is produced, and it takes about 3 to 5 years. The harvest is cut at the bottom of the bottom tube and divided to collect licorice rhizomes. How to grow. When holding a bamboo forest that is difficult to cultivate, such as harvested bamboo cylinders and sloping land, cut the bamboo stock cylinder under a node close to the ground surface, and the end diameter of 6cm or more from the cut bamboo cylinder Bamboo is cut to approximately 1 m in length, and both are cut into bamboo cylinder capsules, the drain outlet is perforated in the same manner as the bamboo cylinder cultivation capsule according to claim 1, and the licorice seedlings are filled on the saucer with ground stone and culture soil. Place a working path on the flat ground in the bamboo forest that has been planted and cut down, and use small-diameter bamboo, etc. that has been cut down and stand up as a support, and line up 10 or more bamboo capsules in two rows or in a circle. On both sides surrounding the gap between the capsules and the bamboo tube capsule row, make a ridge of embankment soil with a width of 10 cm or more and a depth of 10 cm or more. The embankment culture medium is made of peat moss, humus soil, fermented bamboo chips, fermented oil cake, Fermented chicken manure, -Combination of raw charcoal as raw manure, in addition to countermeasures against diseases and pests, a irrigation device is provided to function as a management field, and the fine roots and branch roots of the grown licorice extend from the drainage outlet into the embankment soil, It is cultivated for about 3 to 5 years until it absorbs fertilizer and photosynthesis, matures the main root, and licorice has a necessary content of glycyrrhizic acid content of 2.5% or more. Is a cultivation method that can be taken out easily and collects licorice rhizomes by breaking bamboo cylinders. In order to eradicate sloped land, excessive honey collection sites, and untied untreated bamboo forests and convert them to licorice cultivation land, all the bamboo back 1m was cut down, and the conditions of the bamboo tube capsules with an inner diameter of 6cm or more from the harvested stock bamboo tube In the same manner as the bamboo tube capsule according to claim 1, the filling is filled with a drain outlet, a saucer, a bottom stone and a soil, planted with licorice seedlings, and poured to create a licorice growth environment. The cultivation method according to claim 2, wherein the cultivation is continued as a stock bamboo tube capsule that has been growing for more than a year, and after confirming that no cocoon grows, the stock bamboo tube capsule is cut at the bottom of the bottom node and transplanted to a management field. In the same way as in the existing bamboo tube capsule row, the cultivation method of making and cultivating and harvesting the culm of embankment culture.

Images