JP2015522534A - 多形体組成物、その製造方法及びその使用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2013年5月13日に出願された米国非仮特許出願第13/800,480号;及び2012年5月9日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/644,523号の利益の優先性を主張し、これらの出願の内容全体を参照により本明細書に援用する。
本発明は、医薬品有効成分の安定な持続放出性微粒子状製剤に関する。
用語集
(0036)用語「活性」は、本明細書で使用するとき、意図した治療効果に関与する本発明の組成物の成分、構成成分又は構成要素を指す。用語「活性成分」(「AI」、「医薬品有効成分」、「API」、又は「原体活性」)は、薬物中の薬学的に活性な物質である。本明細書で使用するとき、句「追加活性成分」は、記載された組成物の化合物以外の、薬理学的、又は任意のその他の有益活性を示す薬剤を指す。
(00161)長期作用性製剤の調製に使用するポリマーは、任意の生体適合性ポリマーとすることができる。当業者は、所望の効果(一態様では、上述のように、生物活性剤がその効果をもたらすことを可能にし、次いで、生物活性剤がその効果を生じるのとほぼ同じ又はその後の適切な時間に長期作用性製剤からの生物活性剤の放出を段階的に行うこと)を達成するために、過度の実験を行うことなく適切なポリマー組成物を選択する方法がわかるであろう。一態様においては、ポリマーは、遊離薬剤がその効果を生じた後のある時点まで生物活性剤の放出を遅延させ、それによって全効果期間を延長するように選択される。このようなポリマーの選択は、例えば、ポリマーの種類、ポリマー又はコポリマーの選択、コポリマーに使用するコモノマーの種類、コポリマーに使用するモノマーの種類の比、ポリマーの分子量、微小粒子のサイズ、及び微小粒子の放出プロファイルを制御するために当業者が使用する任意の他の判断基準等の判定基準を包含し得る。
(00165)一般的に、本明細書に開示する半固体の生分解性生体適合性送達システムのような開示される制御放出システムは、ポリマー又はポリマーマトリックスを含み、このポリマーマトリックスは第1ポリマー及び第1ポリマーと異なる第2ポリマー;並びに該ポリマー又はポリマーマトリックス中にカプセル化された生物活性剤を含む。用語「ポリマーマトリックス」は、本明細書で使用するとき、ポリマー混合物を含む制御放出システムの一部(又は全て)を指すことを意図する。ポリマーマトリックスは、架橋した又は絡み合ったポリマー鎖を、必ずではないが含み得る。一態様において、ポリマーマトリックスはポリマー組成物であって、このポリマー組成物は生物活性剤をカプセル化する。更なる態様において、ポリマーマトリックスの一部は、第1及び第2ポリマーのうちの1つのみを含み得る。従って、制御放出システムのポリマーマトリックスは、均質である必要はないが、別の態様において、ポリマーマトリックスは均質であり得る。
(i)治療量の実質的に純粋な多形形態の生物活性剤を含む微小粒子製剤、及び
(ii)薬学的に許容可能な担体、
を含み、前記微小粒子製剤が均一な粒径分布の複数の微小粒子を含み、前記実質的に純粋な多形形態の生物活性剤が各微小粒子全体にわたって分散されている、流動性持続放出性微小粒子組成物である。一態様において、生物活性剤は例えば、ニモジピンであることができる。
(i)治療量の実質的に純粋な結晶形態Iのニモジピンを含む微小粒子製剤、及び
(ii)薬学的に許容可能な担体、
を含み、前記微小粒子製剤が均一な粒径分布の複数の微小粒子を含み、前記実質的に純粋な結晶形態Iのニモジピンが各微小粒子全体にわたって分散されている、流動性持続放出性微小粒子組成物を提供する。
(00232)別の態様によると、本発明は、治療量の実質的に純粋な形態のニモジピン及び少なくとも1つの追加の治療剤を含む組成物を送達するための送達システムを提供し、該組成物は、疾患、障害、症状又は負傷から生じるDCI、血管造影血管攣縮、皮質拡延性虚血及び/又は微小血栓症の発生又は重篤度を予防又は低下するために脳動脈に局所送達される。例えば、組成物を脳室に送達した後、CSFの流れによってクモ膜下腔の少なくとも1つの大脳動脈に運んで薬剤の局所放出をもたらし、DCI、血管造影血管攣縮、皮質拡延性虚血及び微小血栓症のうち少なくとも1を治療すること、及び改良された臨床結果を導くことができる。送達部位は少なくとも1つの脳室内である。これは、カテーテルを脳室に挿入し、該カテーテルを通じて医薬組成物を注入し、カテーテルの端部から脳室内に局所的に放出(eminate)することを意味する。
(00253)本発明の方法によると、本発明の生物活性剤は、少なくとも1つの追加の治療剤と共に製剤化されてもよい。本発明の方法によると、本発明の生物活性剤と少なくとも1つの他の医薬品との組み合わせを一緒に投与するとき、そのような投与は、逐次的であることも同時であることもできる。逐次投与の場合、本発明の生物活性剤及び追加の医薬品は、いかなる順序でも投与できる。
(00256)1つの態様によると、本明細書に開示されるのは、微小粒子にカプセル化された実質的に純粋な多形形態の生物活性剤を製造するプロセスであり、該プロセスは:(a)実質的に純粋な結晶形態の生物活性剤を提供する工程;(b)前記実質的に純粋な結晶形態の生物活性剤をポリマー溶液に添加し、それによって生物活性剤とポリマー溶液との混合物を作製する工程;(c)前記混合物を均質化して分散相を形成する工程;(d)前記分散相を、連続プロセス媒体を含む連続相と混合し、それによって前記生物活性剤を含むエマルションを形成する工程;(e)前記実質的に純粋な多形形態の生物活性剤を含む微小粒子を形成及び抽出する工程;及び(f)前記微小粒子を乾燥する工程を含む。ポリマー溶液が、分散相に油/水型エマルションを形成する有機溶媒中にポリマーを含む場合、分散相を連続相と混合することで、二重エマルション(すなわち、水/油/水型エマルション)が得られることが理解及び意図される。ポリマー溶液が水のような水性溶媒中にポリマーを含む場合、分散相を連続相と混合したときに、単一エマルションのみが生成する。
(00287)ニモジピン微小粒子を、水中油(o/w)型エマルション(empulsion)プロセスによって調製し、窒素気流下、撹拌式濾過乾燥機内で乾燥した。
(00297)この実験は、インビトロで放出されるニモジピンの質量パーセントを経時的に測定する。10mgのニモジピンミクロスフェアを50mLファルコンチューブに量り入れ、新たに調製した1Xリン酸緩衝生理食塩水中2%ドデシル硫酸ナトリウムの溶液を20mL添加した。続いて、ミクロスフェアを確実に懸濁するため、試料を一度反転した。チューブを37℃の湯浴中でインキュベートし、1時間、2時間、6時間、24時間の特定の時間点で引き上げ、これを14日まで毎日行った。引き上げた試料は、ニモジピン含有量をHPLCで分析した。図4に、典型的な微小粒子ニモジピン製剤のインビトロ累積放出を、時間に対する質量%として示す。
(00298)この実験は、40ng/mL〜約160ng/mLの範囲のニモジピン血漿濃度が投与から11日以内に達成されることを示す。インビボ放出動態分析は、ラットモデルを用いて実施した。血漿試料を表示した時間点で採取し、ニモジピンの血漿濃度を分析した。図5はニモジピンミクロスフェア製剤を投与した時のラットの血漿薬物濃度をng/mL単位で示す。
(00299)ニモジピン微小粒子は、o/w型エマルションプロセスで調製し、撹拌式濾過乾燥機内で窒素気流下で乾燥した。薬物多形体の形成を評価するため、処方並びにポリマー選定、加工溶媒、及び乾燥速度のようなプロセスパラメータを変えた。全ての場合に、微小粒子製造の出発物質として結晶形態Iのニモジピンを使用した。微小粒子モルホロジーを、走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)によって評価した。微小粒子サイズはレーザー回折によって評価した。薬物多形体の特性を、粉末X線回折(XRPD)、ラマン分光法、及びDSC等の種々の技法を用いて評価した。
(00305)本発明をその個々の実施態様に関して記載してきたが、本発明の真の精神及び範囲から逸脱することなく種々の変更を加えてもよいこと及び等価物で置換してもよいことは、当業者に理解されるべきである。更に、特定の状況、材料、物質の組成、プロセス、プロセス工程に適応するために、本発明の目的、精神及び範囲に多数の修正を加えてもよい。このような修正は全て、本明細書に添付された特許請求の範囲内にあることを意図する。
Claims (39)
- 微小粒子にカプセル化された実質的に純粋な多形形態の生物活性剤を製造する方法であって、
(a)実質的に純粋な結晶形態の前記生物活性剤を提供する工程、
(b)前記実質的に純粋な結晶形態の生物活性剤をポリマー溶液に添加し、それによって前記結晶形態の生物活性剤と前記ポリマー溶液との混合物を作製する工程、
(c)前記混合物を均質化して分散相を形成する工程、
(d)前記分散相を、連続プロセス媒体を含む連続相と混合し、それによって前記生物活性剤を含むエマルションを形成する工程、
(e)前記実質的に純粋な多形形態の生物活性剤を含む微小粒子を形成し、抽出する工程、及び、
(f)前記微小粒子を乾燥する工程
を含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 前記ポリマー溶液が、溶媒及び生分解性ポリマーを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記生分解性ポリマーが、ポリラクチド、ポリラクチド−コ−グリコリド、ポリ(オルトエステル)、及びポリ(無水物)からなる群から選択される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリラクチド−コ−グリコリドが、85:15、75:25、65:35、又は50:50のラクチド対グリコリドの比を備える、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記生分解性ポリマーが、8515 DLG 6A、8515 DLG 5A、8515 DLG 4.5E、88515 DLG 5E、515 DLG 7A、7525 DLG 7A、7525 DLG 7E、7525 DLG 5E、6535 DLG 5E、6353 DLG 2E、6535 DLG 4A、5050 DLG 4A、5050 DLG 2A、又は2000 MW DLPLを含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマー溶液中の溶媒が、酢酸エチル若しくはジクロロメタン又はこれらの混合物を含む、請求項2〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記乾燥の時間が、4〜48時間である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記生物活性剤が、ニモジピンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記結晶形態のニモジピンが、ニモジピン形態Iを実質的に含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記結晶形態のニモジピンが、ニモジピン形態IIを実質的に含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記結晶形態のニモジピンが、図11に示す粉末X線回折(XRPD)スペクトルと実質的に同じ粉末X線回折(XRPD)スペクトルを有するニモジピン形態Iである、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記連続プロセス媒体が、水、ジクロロメタン、エタノール又はこれらの組合せを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記連続プロセス媒体中に界面活性剤を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性剤が、ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)である、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記微小粒子を乾燥前にすすぐ工程を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 第2の流量が、1.4mL/分〜2.0mL/分である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記乾燥の速度が、0.2mL/分〜2L/分である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、
(g)粉末X線回折(XRPD)、ラマン分光法、示差走査熱量計、又はこれらの組合せによって微小粒子のモルホロジーを分析する工程
を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 持続放出動態が可能な半固体、生分解性、生体適合性送達システムであって、
(i)実質的に純粋な結晶形態の多形体生物活性剤を含む流動性微小粒子製剤、及び、
(ii)薬学的に許容可能な担体
を含み、
前記微小粒子製剤が、均一な粒径分布の複数の微小粒子を含み、
前記生物活性剤が、各微小粒子全体にわたって分散され、且つ、
前記送達システムが、微小粒子製剤が生物活性剤を1日〜30日の半減期内に遅延放出することができることを更に特徴とする、送達システム。 - 前記生物活性剤が、図11に示す粉末X線回折(XRPD)スペクトルと実質的に同じ粉末X線回折(XRPD)スペクトルを有する結晶形態Iのニモジピンである、請求項19に記載の送達システム。
- 各微小粒子が、マトリックスを含む、請求項19に記載の送達システム。
- 前記微小粒子製剤が、微小粒子の粉末懸濁液を含む、請求項19に記載の送達システム。
- 前記微小粒子製剤が、徐放性化合物を更に含む、請求項19に記載の送達システム。
- 前記徐放性化合物が、生分解性ポリマーである、請求項23に記載の送達システム。
- 前記送達システム内に含有される組成物の薬物負荷量が、約25(質量)%〜75質量%の範囲である、請求項19に記載の送達システム。
- 前記生分解性ポリマーが、ポリラクチド−ポリグリコリド、ポリ(オルトエステル)、及びポリ(無水物)からなる群から選択される、請求項25に記載の送達システム。
- ヒト被験者において脳損傷による遮断のリスクのあるクモ膜下腔の少なくとも1つの大脳動脈を治療する方法であって、
(a)流動性持続放出性微小粒子組成物を提供する工程、及び、
(b)前記組成物を脳室に局所投与し、クモ膜下腔にニモジピン形態Iを放出する前に、前記微小粒子製剤が脳室の脳脊髄液(CSF)からクモ膜下腔の脳脊髄液(CSF)内に流れるようにする工程であって、前記ニモジピン形態Iが、望ましくない副作用を引き起こす量で体循環に入ることなく、クモ膜下腔の少なくとも1つの大脳動脈と接触し、その周辺を流れる工程
を含み、前記組成物が、
(i)図11に示す粉末X線回折(XRPD)スペクトルと実質的に同じ粉末X線回折(XRPD)スペクトルを有する実質的に純粋な結晶形態Iのニモジピンを治療量含む微小粒子製剤であって、該微小粒子製剤が、均一な粒径分布の複数の微小粒子を含み、前記治療量が、大脳動脈遮断の遅発性合併症の治療に有効である微小粒子製剤、及び、
(ii)医薬用担体
を含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 各微小粒子が、マトリックスを含む、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記遅発性合併症が、血管造影血管攣縮、複数の微小血栓の形成、皮質拡延性虚血、遅発性脳虚血(DCI)、又はこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記微小粒子製剤が、微小粒子の粉末懸濁液を含む、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記微小粒子製剤が、徐放性化合物を更に含む、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記徐放性化合物が、生分解性ポリマーである、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 前記生分解性ポリマーが、ポリラクチド−ポリグリコリド、ポリ(オルトエステル)、及びポリ(無水物)からなる群から選択される、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 投与が、外科的注入装置によって起こる、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記外科的注入装置が、針、カニューレ、カテーテル又はこれらの組合せである、請求項34に記載の方法。
- ヒト被験者において脳血管攣縮を治療する方法であって、
(a)(i)図11に示す粉末X線回折(XRPD)スペクトルと実質的に同じ粉末X線回折(XRPD)スペクトルを有する実質的に純粋な結晶形態Iのニモジピンを治療量含む微小粒子製剤であって、該微小粒子製剤が、均一粒径の複数の微小粒子を含み、前記治療量が大脳動脈狭窄の遅発性合併症の治療に有効である微小粒子製剤、及び(ii)医薬用担体を含む、流動性持続放出性微小粒子組成物を提供する工程、及び、
(b)前記医薬組成物を、血管攣縮のリスクのある大脳動脈に最も近いクモ膜下槽への外科的注入によってヒト被験者に局所的に投与し、以て前記組成物が、望ましくない副作用を引き起こす量で体循環に入ることなく大脳動脈の周辺を流れる工程
を含み、
前記医薬組成物が、局在的な薬理学的作用を生じ、前記治療量が、前記脳血管攣縮の治療に有効であることを特徴とする、方法。 - 前記担体が、ゲル化合物である、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 前記担体が、徐放性固体化合物である、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)における、前記血管攣縮のリスクのある大脳動脈に最も近いクモ膜下槽が、大脳動脈から約0.001mm〜約10mmである、請求項36に記載の方法。
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JP2021535932A (ja) * | 2018-09-08 | 2021-12-23 | 江蘇九旭海天薬業有限公司 | ニモジピン注射用組成物及びその調製方法 |
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JP6338573B2 (ja) | 2018-06-06 |
CN104955445A (zh) | 2015-09-30 |
AU2013259476B2 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
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IL235262A0 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
KR101784260B1 (ko) | 2017-11-06 |
EP2846775A4 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
RU2014149362A (ru) | 2016-06-27 |
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CA2872887A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
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US8821944B1 (en) | 2014-09-02 |
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HK1207824A1 (en) | 2016-02-12 |
KR20150021517A (ko) | 2015-03-02 |
US20140271895A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
EP2846775A2 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
GB2517096A (en) | 2015-02-11 |
AU2013259476A1 (en) | 2014-10-30 |
CA2961123A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
WO2013169979A9 (en) | 2015-01-08 |
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US20130302431A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
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