JP2015512947A - 置換キサンチン誘導体 - Google Patents
置換キサンチン誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015512947A JP2015512947A JP2015505959A JP2015505959A JP2015512947A JP 2015512947 A JP2015512947 A JP 2015512947A JP 2015505959 A JP2015505959 A JP 2015505959A JP 2015505959 A JP2015505959 A JP 2015505959A JP 2015512947 A JP2015512947 A JP 2015512947A
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- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008215 water for injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 229940071104 xylenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001020 α-tocopherol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、その全ての教示が参照により本明細書に組み入れられる、2012年4月13日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/623,858号の恩典を主張する。
現在の医薬の多くは、その幅広い利用の妨げとなる乏しい吸収、分布、代謝、および/または排出(Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion (ADME))特性に悩まされている。乏しいADME特性は、臨床試験における薬剤候補の失敗例の主な理由でもある。いくつかのADME特性を改善するために製剤化技術やプロドラッグ戦略を採用することも可能であるが、これらのアプローチは多くの薬剤や薬剤候補に存在する固有のADMEに関する課題が克服できていない。固有の課題の一つは、速い代謝であり、さもなければ疾患の治療に極めて効果があり得る多くの薬剤は、これにより体からの除去が速過ぎてしまう。速い薬剤除去に対する可能な解決策は、薬剤の血漿濃度が十分に高い値に達するための頻繁な、または高用量での投薬である。しかしながら、これは患者が投与計画を順守しない、高用量に伴う副作用の深刻化、および治療費の増加などといった治療に関する多数の潜在的な問題を引き起こす。
用語「改善する」および「治療する」は、交換可能に使用され、治療的処置および予防的処置の両方を含む。両方の用語とも、疾患(例えば、本明細書に記載される疾患または障害)の発症または進行を減少させる、抑制する、弱める、少なくする、阻止する、または安定させること、疾患の重篤度を低下すること、または、疾患と関連する症状を改善することを意味する。
本発明は、一つの態様において、式A
の化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩を提供し、
式中、
X1a、X1b、X2a、X2b、X3a、X3b、X4a、X4b、X5a、X5b、およびX6は、各々、独立して水素または重水素であり;
R1、R2、およびR3は、各々、独立してCH3またはCD3であり;
但し各Xが水素である場合、少なくとも1つのRがCD3である。
この局面の一例において、X2aおよびX2bは、各々、水素である。この局面の別の例において、X2aおよびX2bは、各々、重水素である。この局面の一例において、R1はCH3である。この局面の別の例において、R1はCD3である。この局面のもう一つの特定の例において、R1はCD3であり、X2aおよびX2bは、各々、水素である。この局面の一例において、R2はCH3である。この局面の別の例において、R2はCD3である。この局面の一例において、R3はCH3である。この局面の別の例において、R3はCD3である。この局面の一例において、各X2は水素であり;各X3は水素であり;各X4は水素であり;各X5は水素である。この局面の別の例において、各X2は重水素であり;各X3は重水素であり;各X4は重水素であり;各X5は重水素である。この局面の別の例において、各X2は重水素であり;各X3は重水素であり;各X4は重水素であり;各X5は水素である。この局面の別の例において、各X2は水素であり;各X3は水素であり;各X4は水素であり;各X5は重水素である。
この局面の一例において、X2aおよびX2bは、各々、水素である。この局面の別の例において、X2aおよびX2bは、各々、重水素である。この局面の一例において、R1はCH3である。この局面の別の例において、R1はCD3である。この局面のもう一つの特定の例において、R1はCD3であり、X2aおよびX2bは、各々、水素である。この局面の一例において、R2はCH3である。この局面の別の例において、R2はCD3である。この局面の一例において、R3はCH3である。この局面の別の例において、R3はCD3である。この局面の一例において、各X2は水素であり;各X3は水素であり;各X4は水素であり;各X5は水素である。この局面の別の例において、各X2は重水素であり;各X3は重水素であり;各X4は重水素であり;各X5は重水素である。この局面の別の例において、各X2は重水素であり;各X3は重水素であり;各X4は重水素であり;各X5は水素である。この局面の別の例において、各X2は水素であり;各X3は水素であり;各X4は水素であり;各X5は重水素である。
の化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩を提供し、
式中、
R3およびR2は、各々、独立して-CH3および-CD3より選択され;X3aおよびX3bは、各々水素であるか、または各々重水素であり;X4aおよびX4bは、各々水素であるか、または各々重水素であり;X5aおよびX5bは、各々水素であるか、または各々重水素であり;X6は水素または重水素であり;かつ、(a)X1aは重水素であり、X1bは水素である、または(b)X1aおよびX1bは、各々水素であるか、もしくは各々重水素である。
の化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩を提供し、
式中、
Wは、O、S、S(O)、S(O)2、NH、またはNC1-C6アルキルであり;
X2a、X2b、X3a、X3b、X4a、X4b、X5a、X5b、およびX6は、各々、独立して水素または重水素であり;
R1、R2、およびR3は、各々、独立してCH3またはCD3であり;
但し各Xが水素である場合、少なくとも1つのRがCD3である。
式Iの化合物を合成するための方法を、下記のスキームに示す。
本発明はまた、有効量の本発明の化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩;および許容される担体を含む、パイロジェンフリー組成物を提供する。好ましくは、本発明の組成物は、薬学的用途のために製剤化され(「薬学的組成物」)、ここで、担体は、薬学的に許容される担体である。製剤の他の成分と適合性であり、かつ、薬学的に許容される担体の場合は、医薬中に使用される量ではそのレシピエントに有害でないという意味で、担体は「許容」される。
一態様において、本発明は、細胞と、式B、B-I、およびB-IIを含む、式Aの1つまたは複数の化合物とを接触させる工程を含む、細胞におけるホスホジエステラーゼ(PDE)の活性を阻害する方法を提供する。
重水素を有するペンチフィリン類似体はAuclair(J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2011, 113, 7853-7858)の手法に類似した様式により調製された。ジメチルスルホキシド中の水素化ナトリウム(1等量)(0.3M)の懸濁液を60Cへ加熱した。固形物が溶解した後、適切に重水素化されたキサンチン(1等量)を一度に加え20分間加熱した。次に、適切なアルキルブロミド(1等量)をシリンジにより一度に加えた。更に12時間加熱し、LCMSによって反応の終了が示された。反応混合物を冷却し、クロロホルムで希釈し、これを塩化アンモニウムの飽和水溶液で洗浄した。合わせた有機相を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濾過し、濃縮した。所望の生成物は、メタノール-ジクロロメタン溶媒勾配システム(0〜10%)によるTeledyne ISCO Combiflashシステムにおけるシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーによって精製した。上記の手順を用いて、重水素化されていないキサンチン、あるいは適切に重水素化されたキサンチン (キサンチンは、例えば、米国特許出願第12/380,579号のスキーム13および14に開示されるように調製されてもよい) から出発し、以下に模式的に示す方法により化合物100、101、116を調製した。
米国特許出願第12/380,579号に対応する公開された特許出願に開示されるように調製されてもよい3,7-ジメチル-1-(4,4,6,6,6-ペンタジュウテロ-5-オキソヘキシル)-1H-プリン-2,6(3H,7H)-ジオン(0.5g、1.76mmol)のトシルヒドラジン(0.328g、1.76mmol)との縮合反応は、メタノール-D1(3.3mL)中、外界温度で4時間実施された。次に、発熱を避けるために、重水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(221mg、5.28mmol)をゆっくりと加えた。反応を48時間穏やかに加熱還流させた。外界温度まで冷却後、反応混合物をジクロロメタンで希釈し、塩酸水溶液(1M)で洗浄した。合わせた有機相を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濾過し、濃縮乾燥させた。所望の生成物は、メタノール-ジクロロメタン溶媒勾配システム(0〜10%)によるTeledyne ISCO Combiflashシステムにおけるシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーによって精製した。重水素‐水素交換は、米国特許出願第12/380,579号に対応する公開された特許出願に開示されるように実施され、化合物102である1-(4,4,5,5,6,6,6-ヘプタジュウテロヘキシル)-3,7-ジメチル-1H-プリン-2,6(3H,7H)-ジオンが提供された。所望の生成物は、白色粉末(28mg、0.103mmol、収率10%)として得られた。
本発明の化合物の代謝安定性は、以下に示す方法の両方またはいずれかに従って評価されてもよい。
ヒト肝臓ミクロソーム(20 mg/mL)をXenotech, LLC(Lenexa, KS)から得た。β-ニコチンアミドアデニンジヌクレオチドリン酸還元型(NADPH)、塩化マグネシウム(MgCl2)、およびジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)を、Sigma-Aldrichから購入した。
インビトロt1/2=0.693/k
k=-[%親残留量(ln)対インキュベーション時間の線形回帰の傾き]
データ分析は、Microsoft Excelソフトウエアを用いて行われた。
インビボアッセイ:雄Sprague-Dawleyラットに、カニューレを介した静脈内投与、又は経口経管栄養によるPOにてテスト化合物を10〜100 mg/kgの用量で投与した。血液試料を、投与前及び投与後24時間までのおよそ8時点で採取した。血液から血漿試料を得て、これらをLC-MS/MSで分析することにより投与されたテスト化合物の濃度を測定した。
Claims (44)
- X1aおよびX1bが、各々、水素である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- X1aおよびX1bが、各々、重水素である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- X1aが重水素であり、X1bが水素である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- X2aおよびX2bが、各々、水素である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- X2aおよびX2bが、各々、重水素である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R1がCH3である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R1がCD3である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R2がCH3である、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R2がCD3である、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R3がCH3である、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R3がCD3である、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 各X2が水素であり;各X3が水素であり;各X4が水素であり;各X5が水素である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 各X2が重水素であり;各X3が重水素であり;各X4が重水素であり;各X5が重水素である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 各X2が重水素であり;各X3が重水素であり;各X4が重水素であり;各X5が水素である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 各X2が水素であり;各X3が水素であり;各X4が水素であり;各X5が重水素である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- X1aおよびX1bが、各々、水素である、請求項19に記載の化合物。
- X1aおよびX1bが、各々、重水素である、請求項19に記載の化合物。
- 各X3、各X4、および各X5が水素である、請求項19、20、または21に記載の化合物。
- 各X3、各X4、および各X5が重水素である、請求項19、20、または21に記載の化合物。
- R3およびR2が、各々、-CD3である、請求項19〜23のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R3およびR2が、各々、-CH3である、請求項19〜23のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R3が-CH3であり、R2が-CD3である、請求項19〜23のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R2が-CH3であり、R3が-CD3である、請求項19〜23のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- X6が重水素である、請求項19〜27のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- X6が水素である、請求項19〜27のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- X1aが重水素であり、X1bが水素である、請求項19に記載の化合物。
- 重水素と指定されていない任意の原子が、その天然同位体存在度で存在する、上記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 請求項1または19に記載の化合物と薬学的に許容される担体とを含む、薬学的組成物。
- 有効量の請求項1もしくは19に記載の化合物または請求項35に記載の組成物を患者へ投与する工程を含む、治療の必要がある患者において疾患または状態を治療する方法であって、該疾患が、糖尿病性腎症、高血圧性腎症、または四肢の慢性閉塞性動脈疾患に基づく間欠性跛行より選択される、方法。
- 有効量の請求項1もしくは19に記載の化合物または請求項35に記載の組成物を患者へ投与する工程を含む、治療の必要がある患者において慢性腎疾患を治療する方法。
- 慢性腎疾患が、糸球体腎炎、巣状分節性糸球体硬化症、ネフローゼ症候群、逆流性尿路疾患、または多発性嚢胞腎である、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 有効量の請求項1もしくは19に記載の化合物または請求項35に記載の組成物を患者へ投与する工程を含む、治療の必要がある患者において肝臓の慢性疾患を治療する方法。
- 肝臓の慢性疾患が、非アルコール性脂肪性肝炎、脂肪肝変性または他の食事誘発性高脂肪またはアルコール誘発性組織変性状態、肝硬変、肝不全、またはアルコール性肝炎である、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 有効量の請求項1もしくは19に記載の化合物または請求項35に記載の組成物を患者へ投与する工程を含む、治療の必要がある患者において糖尿病関連疾患または状態を治療する方法であって、該疾患または状態が、インスリン抵抗性、網膜症、糖尿病性潰瘍、放射線関連壊死、急性腎不全、または薬物誘発性腎毒性より選択される、方法。
- 有効量の請求項1もしくは19に記載の化合物または請求項35に記載の組成物を患者へ投与する工程を含む、治療の必要がある患者において間欠性跛行を治療する方法。
- 有効量の請求項1もしくは19に記載の化合物または請求項35に記載の組成物を患者へ投与する工程を含む、治療の必要がある患者において疾患または状態を治療する方法であって、該疾患または状態が、インスリン依存性糖尿病;インスリン非依存性糖尿病;メタボリックシンドローム;肥満症;インスリン抵抗性;脂質異常症;耐糖能異常;高血圧症;高脂血症;高尿酸血症;痛風;および凝固能亢進より選択される、方法。
- 有効量の請求項1もしくは19に記載の化合物または請求項35に記載の組成物を患者へ投与する工程を含む、治療の必要がある患者において疾患または状態を治療する方法であって、該疾患または状態が、貧血、グレーブス病、網膜静脈閉塞症、ループス腎炎、黄班変性症、脊髄形成異常症、HIV由来のそう痒症、肺高血圧症、網膜動脈閉塞症、小腸炎、虚血性視神経症、急性膵炎、鎌状赤血球貧血、およびβサラセミアより選択される、方法。
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US201261623858P | 2012-04-13 | 2012-04-13 | |
US61/623,858 | 2012-04-13 | ||
PCT/US2013/036454 WO2013155465A1 (en) | 2012-04-13 | 2013-04-12 | Substituted xanthine derivatives |
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US (1) | US9328113B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2836492B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2015512947A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20150002779A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104364255A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2013245662A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2869874A1 (ja) |
EA (1) | EA201491878A8 (ja) |
IN (1) | IN2014DN08443A (ja) |
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US8263601B2 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2012-09-11 | Concert Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Deuterium substituted xanthine derivatives |
US11267777B2 (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2022-03-08 | Concert Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Deuterated EPI-743 |
US11731947B2 (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2023-08-22 | University Of Notre Dame Du Lac | Deuterated antimicrobial compounds |
TW202227085A (zh) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-07-16 | 美商萊罕製藥股份有限公司 | 氘代副黃嘌呤(paraxanthine)及其用途 |
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KR20150002779A (ko) | 2015-01-07 |
AU2013245662A1 (en) | 2014-10-30 |
EP2836492A1 (en) | 2015-02-18 |
EA201491878A8 (ru) | 2015-02-27 |
EP2836492B1 (en) | 2018-03-14 |
CA2869874A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
CN104364255A (zh) | 2015-02-18 |
US20150119407A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
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MX2014012384A (es) | 2014-11-26 |
US9328113B2 (en) | 2016-05-03 |
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