JP2015088437A5 - - Google Patents
Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2015088437A5 JP2015088437A5 JP2013228850A JP2013228850A JP2015088437A5 JP 2015088437 A5 JP2015088437 A5 JP 2015088437A5 JP 2013228850 A JP2013228850 A JP 2013228850A JP 2013228850 A JP2013228850 A JP 2013228850A JP 2015088437 A5 JP2015088437 A5 JP 2015088437A5
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- secondary battery
- negative electrode
- doping
- aqueous secondary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000576 supplementary Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 32
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920001721 Polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ī³-lactone 4-hydroxy-butyric acid Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000001508 sulfur Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium Chemical compound [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XGPOMXSYOKFBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F XGPOMXSYOKFBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UFXJWFBILHTTET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound [Li+].F[B-](F)(F)F UFXJWFBILHTTET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 3
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- AXPLOJNSKRXQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium hexafluorophosphate Chemical compound [Li+].F[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)F AXPLOJNSKRXQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011883 electrode binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium monoxide Inorganic materials [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003701 mechanical milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001888 polyacrylic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011528 polyamide (building material) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- AKEBROIVCDHVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound [K+].F[B-](F)(F)F AKEBROIVCDHVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLGXXYFYZWQGEL-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F GLGXXYFYZWQGEL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium(0) Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZNVUJQVZSTENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(C#N)=C(C#N)C1=O HZNVUJQVZSTENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UINDRJHZBAGQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-O 2-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium Chemical compound CCC1=[NH+]C=CN1C UINDRJHZBAGQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- HTWIZMNMTWYQRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound CC1OCCO1 HTWIZMNMTWYQRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPDFQRAASCRJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCCS1(=O)=O PPDFQRAASCRJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-ium Chemical compound C1CN=C[NH2+]1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910017942 AgāGe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017980 AgāSn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018137 Al-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XJKJWTWGDGIQRH-BFIDDRIFSA-N Alginic acid Chemical compound O1[C@@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C(O)=O)O[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O XJKJWTWGDGIQRH-BFIDDRIFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018459 AlāGe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018573 AlāZn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DXHPZXWIPWDXHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monosulfide Chemical compound [S+]#[C-] DXHPZXWIPWDXHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAEGRYMCJYIXQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dithiooxamide Chemical compound NC(=S)C(N)=S OAEGRYMCJYIXQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910005829 GeS Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005839 GeS 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005703 GeāAg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005936 GeāSb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005939 GeāSn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LJQLCJWAZJINEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexafluorophosphate Chemical compound F[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)F LJQLCJWAZJINEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018091 Li 2 S Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018119 Li 3 PO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011990 LiFe0.5Mn0.5PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013131 LiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K Lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910003301 NiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene (PE) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 Polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YLMGFJXSLBMXHK-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium perchlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O YLMGFJXSLBMXHK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O Pyridinium Chemical class C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910018530 Si-Ag Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007981 Si-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008355 Si-Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008332 Si-Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002796 SiāAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008383 SiāAg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008310 SiāGe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008316 SiāMg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006453 SiāSn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006749 SiāTi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020935 Sn-Sb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008063 SnC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008449 SnF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008757 SnāSb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KMADQUOCJBLXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium hexafluorophosphate Chemical compound [Na+].F[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)F KMADQUOCJBLXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KGJZTOFHXCFQIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound [Na+].F[B-](F)(F)F KGJZTOFHXCFQIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVHQOIWIRUVWII-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraphenylborate Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[B-](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 SVHQOIWIRUVWII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910007610 ZnāSn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052789 astatine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004054 benzoquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052803 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Inorganic materials [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTZQZEYBOGZTEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;hexafluoroarsenic(1-) Chemical compound [Li+].F[As-](F)(F)(F)(F)F GTZQZEYBOGZTEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001495 sodium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Description
ę¬ēŗęćÆéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³åć³ćć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć«ććå¾ćććé»ę± äø¦ć³ć«ćććēØććé»ę°ę©åØć«é¢ććććč©³ćććÆćé»ę± å
ę¾é»ęć«ćććć¬ć¹ēŗēćęå¶ććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćååć«ęććŖćę£ę„µęććÆč² ę„µć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćč£å”«ćć¦é»ę± ćććŖćć¼ćććę¹ę³ćåć³ćć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć«ććå¾ćććéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± äø¦ć³ć«ćććēØććé»ę°ę©åØć«é¢ććć
å¾ę„ćäŗꬔé»ę± ćØćć¦ćÆćåēåé»ę± ćč§åé»ę± ćŖć©ēØ®ć
ć®å½¢ē¶ć®é»ę± ćéēŗććåŗćä½æēØććć¦ćććććć¦ćęÆč¼ēå°å®¹éć®é»ę± ć«ćÆćčå§ę§ćå°å£ć®å®¹ęćć®ē¹ććåēåćę”ēØćććęÆč¼ē大容éć®é»ę± ć«ćÆćåę±ćć®å®¹ęę§ććč§åćę”ēØććć¦ććć
ć¾ćäŗꬔé»ę± ć®é»ę„µę§é ć«ēē®ććć°ć大å„ćć¦ćē©å±¤ćæć¤ććØę²åćæć¤ćć®ļ¼ć¤ć®ćæć¤ććåŗćä½æēØććć¦ćććććŖćć”ćē©å±¤ćæć¤ćć®é»ę± ćÆćę£ę„µćØč² ę„µćć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćä»ćć¦äŗ¤äŗć«ē©å±¤ććć¦ćŖćé»ę„µē¾¤ćé»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹ć«åē“ććć¦ćŖććē©å±¤ćæć¤ćć®é»ę± ć®å¤ććÆč§åć®é»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹ćęćć¦ćććäøę¹ćę²åćæć¤ććÆćę£ę„µćØč² ę„µćć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćęćæć¤ć¤ęø¦å·»ē¶ć«å·»ćåćććē¶ę
ć§é»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹ć«åē“ććć¦ćŖććę²åćæć¤ćć®é»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹ćÆåēåć®ćć®ćććććč§åć®ćć®ćććć
éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ćä¾ćć°ććŖćć¦ć äŗꬔé»ę± ćÆćé«é»å§ć§é«ćØćć«ć®ć¼åÆåŗ¦ćå¾ććććććē§»åä½éäæ”ę©åØććć¼ćæćć«ć²ć¼ć ę©ćåć³ęŗåøÆé»åę©åØćŖć©ć®ć¢ćć¤ć«ę©åØć®äø»é»ęŗćØćć¦å©ēØććć¦ćććę“ć«ćčæ幓ć®ē°å¢åé”ćććč»č¼ēØé»ę± ćåćÆćććÆć¢ććé»ęŗēØé»ę± ćØćć¦å©ēØćę”大ććć¦ććć
ä¾ćć°ćē¾č”ć®ćŖćć¦ć äŗꬔé»ę± ćÆćäøč¬ć«ę£ę„µć«ćÆćć³ćć«ćé
øćŖćć¦ć ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ļ¼ćććć±ć«é
øćŖćć¦ć ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼®ļ½ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ļ¼ććŖć³é
øéćŖćć¦ć ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼¦ļ½
ļ¼°ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ļ¼ēć®ćŖćć¦ć å«ęé·ē§»éå±č¤åé
øåē©ćēØććććč² ę„µć«ćÆććŖćć¦ć ć®åøčµććć³ę¾åŗćåÆč½ćŖć°ć©ćć”ć¤ćććć¼ćć«ć¼ćć³ēćēØćććććć¾ćććŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³é»ę± ć«ä½æēØćććé»č§£ę¶²ćÆćäø»ćØćć¦ććććć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ćļ¼ļ¼°ļ¼£ļ¼ććØćć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ćļ¼ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ēć®ē°ē¶ć«ć¼ććć¼ććØććøć”ćć«ć«ć¼ććć¼ćļ¼ļ¼¤ļ¼ļ¼£ļ¼ććøćØćć«ć«ć¼ććć¼ćļ¼ļ¼¤ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ćć”ćć«ćØćć«ć«ć¼ććć¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ēć®éē¶ć«ć¼ććć¼ććØć®ę··åęę©ęŗ¶åŖć«åććåćć¦é
øćŖćć¦ć ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼¢ļ¼¦ ļ¼ ļ¼ćå
ććåćŖć³é
øćŖćć¦ć ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼°ļ¼¦ ļ¼ ļ¼ćå
ććåē é
øćŖćć¦ć ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼¦ ļ¼ ļ¼ćé唩ē“ é
øćŖćć¦ć ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ļ¼ććŖćć¦ć ćć¹ććŖćć«ćŖćć”ćæć³ć¹ć«ććć«ć¢ććļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼®ļ¼ļ¼£ļ¼¦ ļ¼ ļ¼³ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ļ¼ ļ¼ ļ¼ćäøććåć”ćæć³ć¹ć«ćć³é
øćŖćć¦ć ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼£ļ¼¦ ļ¼ ļ¼³ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ļ¼ēć®é»č§£č³Ŗ唩ćęŗ¶č§£ććććć®ćä½æēØććć¦ććć
ććććć°ć©ćć”ć¤ććēØććč² ę„µćÆćēč«å®¹éćÆļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼ļ½ć«éććŖććććććäø層ć®é«å®¹éåćęć¾ćć¦ććć
ććććć°ć©ćć”ć¤ććēØććč² ę„µćÆćēč«å®¹éćÆļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼ļ½ć«éććŖććććććäø層ć®é«å®¹éåćęć¾ćć¦ććć
ććć§ćēŖē“ ļ¼ļ¼³ļ½ļ¼ćé«ļ¼ļ¼³ļ½ļ¼ćŖć©ć®å
ē“ ćććććć®ēŖåē©ćé
øåē©ćē”«åē©ēćÆćć°ć©ćć”ć¤ććććé«å®¹éć§ććććØćē„ććć¦ććććØććććććć®ē©č³Ŗćå«ćåēØ®ć®åéč² ę„µćęę”ććć¦ćććććććļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½ćŖć©ć®åéē³»č² ꄵćÆé«å®¹éć§ććććå
ę¾é»ć«ä¼“ćä½ē©čØå¼µć»åēø®ćęæćććććååćŖćµć¤ćÆć«åÆæå½ē¹ę§ćå¾ćććŖćć£ćć
äøę¹ćļ¼³ļ½ć®ččåļ¼éē¹čرęē®ļ¼ļ¼ćé«å¼·åŗ¦ćć¤ć³ćļ¼éē¹čرęē®ļ¼ļ¼ćé«å¼·åŗ¦éé»ä½ļ¼éē¹čرęē®ļ¼ļ¼ćēØććććØć«ććććµć¤ćÆć«åÆæå½ē¹ę§ćę¹åć§ćććØć®å ±åćććć
J.Electrochem. Soc., 153ļ¼2006ļ¼A472.
ē¬¬ļ¼ļ¼åé»ę± čØč«ä¼č¬ę¼č¦ęØéć2C23ļ¼2011ļ¼
ē¬¬ļ¼ļ¼åé»ę± čØč«ä¼č¬ę¼č¦ęØéć1D05ļ¼2010ļ¼
ććŖćć¦ć äŗꬔé»ę± éØęć®ęø¬å®ć»åęćć¼ćæéććęč”ę
å ±åä¼ćp.200-205ćļ¼2012ļ¼.
ććććŖććććććć®å
č”ęč”ćÆćé«å®¹éć§é·åÆæå½ćŖé»ę„µćå¾ćććØćÆć§ćć¦ćććć®ć¾ć¾é»ę± ć«ä½æēØććå “åćÆćļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½ćŖć©ć®åéē³»č² ꄵć«äøåÆé容éćååØćććććę£ę„µć®åÆé容éćØēøę®ŗććé»ę± 容éćęæęøććåé”ććć£ćć
ć¾ććę£ę„µęęć«ēē®ćć¦ććļ¼¶ ļ¼ ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ćē”«é»ē³»ćŖć©ćÆćļ¼¬ļ½ćäæęććŖćććććć®ć¾ć¾ę£ę„µćØćć¦ēØćć¦ćé»ę± ćØćć¦ę©č½ććŖćć
ć¾ććę£ę„µęęć«ēē®ćć¦ććļ¼¶ ļ¼ ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ćē”«é»ē³»ćŖć©ćÆćļ¼¬ļ½ćäæęććŖćććććć®ć¾ć¾ę£ę„µćØćć¦ēØćć¦ćé»ę± ćØćć¦ę©č½ććŖćć
ććć§ćé»ę± ćēµäøććåć«ćåéē³»č² ꄵćļ¼¬ļ½ćäæęććŖćę£ę„µęęćŖć©ć®äøåÆé容éć®ååØććé»ę„µć«åƾććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćććŖćć¼ćććåæ
č¦ććć£ćć
ććŖćć¼ćć«ćÆćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ččč²¼ćä»ćććŖćć¼ććļ¼ļ¼ļ¼é»ę°åå¦ēććŖćć¼ććļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć”ć«ćć«ć«ććŖćć¼ććŖć©ć®ęę³ćēØćć¦é»ę„µć®ććŖćć¼ććč”ć£ć¦ććļ¼éē¹čرęē®ļ¼ļ¼ć
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®ęę³ćÆćč£å”«ććć容éåć«ēøå½ććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ččćé»ę„µć«č²¼ćä»ćć¦ćé»č§£ę¶²äøć§äæęććććØć§ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ććé»ę„µå
ć«ę”ę£ććč£å”«ć®åÆ¾č±”ćØćŖćé»ę„µćććŖćć¼ććććć
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®ęę³ćÆćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ćåÆ¾ę„µćØćć¦ēØćć¦ćåé»ę± ćēµćæćēēµ”åćÆé»å§ćå°å ććććØć§ćé»ę°åå¦ēć«č£å”«åÆ¾č±”ć®é»ę„µćććŖćć¼ććććć
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®ęę³ćÆćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ćåÆ¾ę„µćØćć¦ēØćć¦ćåé»ę± ćēµćæćēēµ”åćÆé»å§ćå°å ććććØć§ćé»ę°åå¦ēć«č£å”«åÆ¾č±”ć®é»ę„µćććŖćć¼ććććć
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®ęę³ćÆćč£å”«ććć容éåć«ēøå½ććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ććććØč£å”«åÆ¾č±”é»ę„µć«ēØććććę“»ē©č³ŖćØćć”ć«ćć«ć«ććŖć³ć°ēćēØćć¦ę©ę¢°ēćØćć«ć®ć¼ćäøććććØć«ćććč£å”«åÆ¾č±”é»ę„µć®ę“»ē©č³ŖćććŖćć¼ććććć
ććććļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®ęę³ć§ćÆć容éć®å°ććŖåé»ę± ć§ććć°åÆč½ć§ććććē©å±¤ćæć¤ććę²åćæć¤ćć®é»ę± ć®å “åćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ččćé»ę„µć«č²¼ćä»ćććéć«ć大ććŖēŗē±ćčµ·ććåÆč½ę§ććććć¾ććēØććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ččćåćę±ćć«ćććč£å”«ćććé»ę„µć®åäøę§ć«ę¬ ćććļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®ęę³ć§ćÆćå®éØ室ć¬ćć«ć§ćÆęć容ęć§ćććäøć¤é«ē²¾åŗ¦ćŖććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ćććØćåÆč½ć§ććććććŖćć¼ćå¾ć«é»ę± ćåč§£ćć¦ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ćåćåŗććååŗ¦ćé»ę± ćēµćæē“ćåæ
č¦ćććć大åé»ę± ć®ä½č£½ćå°åć§ćć£ć¦ćéē£ę§ć«ę¬ ćććļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®ęę³ćÆćäŗććę“»ē©č³ŖćććŖćć¼ććć¦ćććććļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®ęę³ć®ććć«é»ę„µä½č£½å¾ć®ććŖćć¼ćå·„ēØćå«ć¾ćŖćććļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®ęę³ć§å¾ćććę“»ē©č³ŖćÆćē¦ę°“ę§ć§ććåćę±ććé£ćććļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®ęę³ć®ććć«é»ę„µä½č£½å¾ć®ććŖćć¼ćå·„ēØćå«ć¾ćŖćććļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®ęę³ć§å¾ćććę“»ē©č³ŖćÆćē¦ę°“ę§ć§ćććåćę±ććé£ććć
ę¬ēŗęćÆćäøčØå¾ę„ęč”ć®ē¾ē¶ć«éćæć¦ćŖććććć®ć§ććććć®äø»ćŖē®ēćÆććŖćć¦ć éå±ć®č²¼ćä»ćććåé»ę± ć®ä½č£½ćććć容ęć«é»ę„µć®åćę±ććåÆč½ćŖćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćå¦ēę¹ę³åć³ćć®ę¹ę³ćēØććéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± äø¦ć³ć«ćććēØććé»ę°ę©åØćęä¾ććććØć«ććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćę£ę„µćØč² ę„µćęććéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć§ćć£ć¦ćåčØę£ę„µåć³åčØč² ę„µćØć«ę„触ćć¦ććŖćććé
ē½®ćććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ęŗćęććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćęŗ¶åŗććććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ć«ęµøę¼¬ććććć«é
ē½®ćć¦ćåčØę£ę„µć¾ććÆåčØč² ę„µć®ććććäøę¹ć®é»ę± é»ę„µćØåčØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®éć«ē“ęµé»ęŗćę„ē¶ćć¦ćåčØē“ęµé»ęŗć«ććé»ēć®ę¹åćåčØé»ę± é»ę„µć®é»ę„µé¢ć®ę¹åćØåćć§ććć
åčØē“ęµé»ęŗć«ććććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ć«ćććé»ēć®ę¹åćåčØé»ę± é»ę„µć®é»ę„µé¢ć®ę¹åćØåćć§ććć®ć§ććŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³ćÆå¹ēććę£ę„µć¾ććÆč² ę„µć®é»ę„µé¢ć«ććŖćć¼ććććććØćåÆč½ćØćŖććé»ę„µé¢ć®ę¹åćØćÆćå¹³ęæē¶ć«å½¢ęćććé»ę„µć®é»ę„µé¢ć®å»¶ä¼øę¹åćØē“ęµé»ęŗć«ćć£ć¦ēććé»ēć®ę¹åćåćć§ćććé»ę„µé¢ć«ę²æć£ć¦é»ēćä½ēØććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćåčØę£ę„µåć³åčØč² ę„µćØć«ę„触ćć¦ććŖćććé
ē½®ćććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ęŗćęććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØćåćć¦ćććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćåčØę£ę„µé¢ćØåčØč² ę„µé¢ć®é»ę„µé¢ć«ę²æć£ć¦ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćę”ę£ććććć«é
ē½®ććć¦ćć¦ćåčØę£ę„µćåčØč² ę„µćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ć®ē§»åććććØć®ć§ććććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²äøć«ęµøę¼¬ććåčØę£ę„µć¾ććÆåčØč² ę„µćØåčØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØć«é»å§ćå°å ććäŗć§ćé»ę°åå¦ēć«åčØę£ę„µć¾ććÆåčØč² ę„µć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćč£å”«ććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćåčØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®é»ę„µå®¹éćåčØé»ę„µć®é»ę„µå®¹éććć大ćććåčØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®č”Øé¢ē©ćåčØé»ę„µć®ęé¢ē©ććć大ććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćåčØććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ććļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć§ććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćććŖćć¼ćć®å¾ćåčØę£ę„µćØåčØč² ę„µćØć®éć§å ę¾é»ćč”ćå·„ēØćęććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćåčØććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±å”©ćå«ćć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½ć§ććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćåčØććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ććļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć§ććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćććŖćć¼ćć®å¾ćåčØę£ę„µćØåčØč² ę„µćØć®éć§å ę¾é»ćč”ćå·„ēØćęććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćåčØććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±å”©ćå«ćć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½ć§ććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćåčØč² ę„µććļ¼³ļ½ć¾ććÆļ¼³ļ½ć®å
ē“ ćå«ćéå±ćåéććććÆååē©ćēØććč² ę„µć§ććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćéé»åŗęćé¼ć¾ććÆć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ćēØććęęć§ę§ęćććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćåčØę£ę„µć¾ććÆåčØč² ę„µććčē±ę§ćęććē±ē”¬åę§ęعčććć¤ć³ćć«ēØććé»ę„µć§ćć£ć¦ćåčØę£ę„µć¾ććÆåčØč² ę„µć«å«ęćććę“»ē©č³Ŗććć¤ć³ććå°é»å©å¤ć®åčØćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćØććå “åćåčØćć¤ć³ććļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ å«ęććć¦ććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćéé»åŗęćé¼ć¾ććÆć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ćēØććęęć§ę§ęćććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćåčØę£ę„µć¾ććÆåčØč² ę„µććčē±ę§ćęććē±ē”¬åę§ęعčććć¤ć³ćć«ēØććé»ę„µć§ćć£ć¦ćåčØę£ę„µć¾ććÆåčØč² ę„µć«å«ęćććę“»ē©č³Ŗććć¤ć³ććå°é»å©å¤ć®åčØćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćØććå “åćåčØćć¤ć³ććļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ å«ęććć¦ććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ćÆćåčæ°ć®éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć«ććå¾ćććé»ę± ć§ććć
ę£ę„µćØč² ę„µćØćć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćä»ćć¦ćŖćē©å±¤ćæć¤ćć¾ććÆę²åćæć¤ćć®éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćč£å”«ććę¹ę³ć§ćć£ć¦ćę£ę„µåć³č² ꄵćØć«ę„触ćć¦ććŖćććé ē½®ćććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ęŗćęććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØćåććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćę£ę„µé¢ćØč² ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦åē“ę¹åć«é ē½®ććć¦ćć¦ćę£ę„µćč² ę„µćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ć®ē§»åććććØć®ć§ććććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²äøć«ęµøę¼¬ććę£ę„µć¾ććÆč² ę„µćØć«č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØć«é»å§ćå°å ććäŗć§ćé»ę°åå¦ēć«åčØę£ę„µć¾ććÆč² ę„µć®é»ę„µć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćč£å”«ććéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć§ćććä½ććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćÆćč£å”«åÆ¾č±”ćØćŖćé»ę„µå®¹éććć大ćććē©å±¤ä½ćę²åä½ć®ęé¢ē©ćććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®č”Øé¢ē©ć大ććć
ę£ę„µćØč² ę„µćØćć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćä»ćć¦ćŖćē©å±¤ćæć¤ćć¾ććÆę²åćæć¤ćć®éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćč£å”«ććę¹ę³ć§ćć£ć¦ćę£ę„µåć³č² ꄵćØć«ę„触ćć¦ććŖćććé ē½®ćććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ęŗćęććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØćåććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćę£ę„µé¢ćØč² ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦åē“ę¹åć«é ē½®ććć¦ćć¦ćę£ę„µćč² ę„µćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ć®ē§»åććććØć®ć§ććććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²äøć«ęµøę¼¬ććę£ę„µć¾ććÆč² ę„µćØć«č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØć«é»å§ćå°å ććäŗć§ćé»ę°åå¦ēć«åčØę£ę„µć¾ććÆč² ę„µć®é»ę„µć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćč£å”«ććéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć§ćććä½ććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćÆćč£å”«åÆ¾č±”ćØćŖćé»ę„µå®¹éććć大ćććē©å±¤ä½ćę²åä½ć®ęé¢ē©ćććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®č”Øé¢ē©ć大ććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćäŗćåé»ę± ćä½č£½ććććŖćć¼ćć®éć«ēćć大ććŖēŗē±ććé»ę„µć®åćę±ććé£ććć£ćå¾ę„ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćØćÆē°ćŖćć容ęć§äøć¤åäøę§ć«åŖććććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ćććØćć§ćććå
·ä½ēć«ćÆćē©å±¤ćæć¤ććę²åćæć¤ćć®é»ę± ćēµćć ē¶ę
ć§ćé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ćććØćć§ććććć®ćććę¬ēŗęć«äæćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćÆćå¾ę„ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ćØęÆć¹ć¦ēē£ę§ć大å¹
ć«åäøććé»ę± ć®é«å®¹éåćØå®å
Øę§ćäø”ē«ćććććØćåÆč½ćØćŖććå©ēØēØéćę”大ććććØćåÆč½ćØćŖćć
ę¬ēŗęć®ććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ć£ćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ćÆćé«å®¹éć§é·åÆæå½ć§ććććØćććę§ć
ćŖé»ę°ę©åØļ¼é»ę°ćä½æēØććä¹ćē©ćå«ćļ¼ć®é»ęŗćØćć¦å©ēØććććØćć§ććć
仄äøćę¬ēŗęć«ćććå®ę½å½¢ę
ć«ć¤ćć¦čŖ¬ęććććę¬ēŗęćÆćć®å®ę½å½¢ę
ć«éå®ććććć®ć§ćÆćŖćć
ļ¼é»ę± č¦ē“ ć®č£½é ļ¼
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćę¹ę³ć®ēŗęć®čŖ¬ęć«å ē«ć”ćę¬ēŗęćé©ēØćććé»ę± åć ć®č¦ē“ ć«ć¤ćć¦čŖ¬ęćććć®å¾ć«å®ę½å½¢ę ć«ć¤ćć¦čŖ¬ęćććććć¦ćęå¾ć«č©¦éØēµęć«ć¤ćć¦čŖ¬ęććć
ę¬ēŗęć«äæćę¹ę³ć®ēŗęć®čŖ¬ęć«å ē«ć”ćę¬ēŗęćé©ēØćććé»ę± åć ć®č¦ē“ ć«ć¤ćć¦čŖ¬ęćććć®å¾ć«å®ę½å½¢ę ć«ć¤ćć¦čŖ¬ęćććććć¦ćęå¾ć«č©¦éØēµęć«ć¤ćć¦čŖ¬ęććć
ļ¼ę£ę„µļ¼
ę¬ēŗęć«ććć¦ćę£ę„µćÆćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć§ēØććććę£ę„µć§ććć°ē¹ć«éå®ćććŖćć
ę¬ēŗęć«ććć¦ćę£ę„µćÆćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć§ēØććććę£ę„µć§ććć°ē¹ć«éå®ćććŖćć
ę£ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗć«ćÆćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć§ēØććććę£ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗć§ććć°ē¹ć«éå®ćććŖććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±é·ē§»éå±é
øåē©ē³»ććććøć¦ć ē³»ćē”«é»ē³»ćć«ć¼ćć³ē³»ćęę©ē©ē³»ćēćå«ćå
¬ē„ć®é»ę„µćēØćććććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±é·ē§»éå±é
øåē©ē³»ć«ćÆćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼£ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼Æ2ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¦ļ½
ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¦ļ½
0.5ļ¼ļ½0.5ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¦ļ½
ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼“ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼“ļ½ļ¼³ļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼²ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ŗļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼³ļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼“ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼·ļ¼Æļ¼ćēćęćććććććć§ćļ¼”ćÆåØęč”Øē¬¬äøęå
ē“ ć§ććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±å
ē“ ćē¤ŗććå
·ä½ēć«ćÆćļ¼¬ļ½ćļ¼®ļ½ćļ¼«ć§ććć
ćććøć¦ć ē³»ć«ćÆćļ¼”ļ¼¶ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¶ļ¼Æļ¼ēćęććććć
ē”«é»ē³»ć«ćÆćē”«é»ćē”«åć«ć¼ćć³ćććŖē”«åć«ć¼ćć³ćē”«åććŖć¢ćÆćŖć«ćććŖć«ćē”«åć“ć ēćęććććć
ćććøć¦ć ē³»ć«ćÆćļ¼”ļ¼¶ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¶ļ¼Æļ¼ēćęććććć
ē”«é»ē³»ć«ćÆćē”«é»ćē”«åć«ć¼ćć³ćććŖē”«åć«ć¼ćć³ćē”«åććŖć¢ćÆćŖć«ćććŖć«ćē”«åć“ć ēćęććććć
ć«ć¼ćć³ē³»ć«ćÆćć°ć©ćć”ć¤ććć½ććć«ć¼ćć³ććć¼ćć«ć¼ćć³ćć°ć©ćć·ć¼ć«ć¼ćć³ćŖć©ćęćććććęę©ē³»ć«ćÆćć«ćć¢ć³é
øććć³ć¾ććć³é”ēćęććććć
äøčØććę£ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗć®ćć”ććØćć«ć®ć¼åÆåŗ¦ć®č¦³ē¹ćććļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼¦ļ½
ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼¦ļ½
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼®ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼£ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼Æ2ćåŗęŗ¶ä½ććććøć¦ć ē³»ćē”«é»ē³»ć儽ć¾ććć
å°é»å©å¤ćÆćé»åä¼å°ę§ćęćć¦ććć°ćē¹ć«å¶éćÆćŖććéå±ćēē“ ęęćå°é»ę§é«ååćå°é»ę§ć¬ć©ć¹ēćęććććććé«ćé»åå°é»ę§ćØčé
øåę§ć®č¦³ē¹ćććēē“ ęęć儽ć¾ćććå
·ä½ēć«ćÆć¢ć»ćć¬ć³ćć©ććÆļ¼ļ¼”ļ¼¢ļ¼ćć±ććć§ć³ćć©ććÆļ¼ļ¼«ļ¼¢ļ¼ćę°ēøęé·ēē“ ē¹ē¶ē²ę«ļ¼ļ¼¶ļ¼§ļ¼£ļ¼¦ļ¼ćć«ć¼ćć³ćććć„ć¼ćļ¼ļ¼£ļ¼®ļ¼“ļ¼ćć°ć©ćć”ć¤ććć°ć©ćć§ć³ćć°ć©ćć·ć¼ć«ć¼ćć³ćŖć©ćęćććććććć®äøēØ®åćÆäŗēخ仄äøćēØćć¦ćććć
åčØę£ę„µć«å«ęćććę“»ē©č³Ŗććć¤ć³ććå°é»å©å¤ć®åčØćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ćØććå “åćå°é»å©å¤ćļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
å«ęććć¦ććććØć儽ć¾ćććć¤ć¾ććå°é»å©å¤ćÆåæ
č¦ć«åæćć¦å«ęććććļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ćč¶
ććå “åćÆćé»ę± ćØćć¦ć®ę“»ē©č³Ŗć®å²åćå°ćŖććććé»ę„µå®¹éåÆåŗ¦ćä½ććŖććććć
ćć¤ć³ććÆćéåøøēØćććć¦ćććć®ćä¾ćć°ćććŖććåćććŖćć³ļ¼ļ¼°ļ¼¶ļ½ļ¼¦ļ¼ćććŖććć©ćć«ćŖććØćć¬ć³ļ¼ļ¼°ļ¼“ļ¼¦ļ¼„ļ¼ćććŖć¤ććļ¼ļ¼°ļ¼©ļ¼ćććŖć¢ćććććŖć¢ććć¤ćććć¢ć©ćććććŖć¢ćÆćŖć«ćć¹ćć¬ć³ććæćøćØć³ć“ć ļ¼ļ¼³ļ¼¢ļ¼²ļ¼ććØćć¬ć³āé
¢é
øććć«å
±éåä½ļ¼ļ¼„ļ¼¶ļ¼”ļ¼ćć¹ćć¬ć³āćØćć¬ć³āććć¬ć³āć¹ćć¬ć³å
±éåä½ļ¼ļ¼³ļ¼„ļ¼¢ļ¼³ļ¼ćć«ć«ććć·ć”ćć«ć»ć«ćć¼ć¹ļ¼ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼£ļ¼ćććŖććć«ć¢ć«ć³ć¼ć«ļ¼ļ¼°ļ¼¶ļ¼”ļ¼ćććŖććć«ććć©ć¼ć«ļ¼ļ¼°ļ¼¶ļ¼¢ļ¼ććØćć¬ć³ććć«ć¢ć«ć³ć¼ć«ćććŖćØćć¬ć³ļ¼ļ¼°ļ¼„ļ¼ćććŖćććć¬ć³ļ¼ļ¼°ļ¼°ļ¼ćććŖć¢ćÆćŖć«é
øćć¢ć«ć®ć³é
øēć®ęęćļ¼ēØ®åē¬ć§ēØćć¦ććććļ¼ēخ仄äøćä½µēØćć¦ćććć
ćć®ćć”ććć¤ć³ććÆćčē±ę§ćęććē±ē”¬åęعčć§ććććØć儽ć¾ćććä¾ćć°ćććŖć¤ććļ¼ļ¼°ļ¼©ļ¼ćććŖć¢ćććććŖć¢ććć¤ćććć¢ć©ćććććŖć¢ćÆćŖć«é
øēć®ęęćęććććććććć®ē±ē”¬åęعčć§ććć°ćé»č§£ę¶²äøć§ćć¤ć³ćć®čØę½¤ćęå¶ććé»ę± ć®ćµć¤ćÆć«åÆæå½ē¹ę§ćåäøććććØćć§ććć
ę£ę„µć«å«ęćććę“»ē©č³Ŗććć¤ć³ććå°é»å©å¤ć®åčØćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćØććå “åććć¤ć³ććļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ å«ęććć¦ććććØć儽ć¾ććć
ę£ę„µć«å«ęćććę“»ē©č³Ŗććć¤ć³ććå°é»å©å¤ć®åčØćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćØććå “åććć¤ć³ććļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ å«ęććć¦ććććØć儽ć¾ććć
ćć¤ć³ććļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ęŖęŗć§ćććØé»ę„µć®ę©ę¢°å¼·åŗ¦ćä½ććććę“»ē©č³Ŗćč±č½ćććććé»ę± ć®ćµć¤ćÆć«åÆæå½ē¹ę§ćęŖććŖććäøę¹ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ćč¶
ććå “åćÆćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³å°é»ę§ćä½ććć¾ćé»ę°ęµęćé«ććŖććććŖćć¼ćå¦ēć«ęéćććććć¾ććé»ę± ćØćć¦ć®ę“»ē©č³Ŗć®å²åćå°ćŖććććé»ę„µå®¹éåÆåŗ¦ćä½ććŖććććć
ę£ę„µć«ēØććććéé»ä½ćÆćé»åä¼å°ę§ćęććäæęććę£ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗć«éé»ćå¾ćęęć§ććć°ē¹ć«éå®ćććŖććä¾ćć°ćļ¼£ćļ¼“ļ½ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼®ļ½ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼ļ½ćļ¼²ļ½ćļ¼²ļ½ćļ¼“ļ½ćļ¼·ćļ¼Æļ½ćļ¼©ļ½ćļ¼°ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½ēć®å°é»ę§ē©č³Ŗććććå°é»ę§ē©č³Ŗć®äŗēØ®é”仄äøćå«ęććåéļ¼ä¾ćć°ćć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ļ¼ćä½æēØćå¾ććäøčØć®å°é»ę§ē©č³Ŗ仄å¤ć®ćć®ćēØććå “åćä¾ćć°ćéć«ļ¼”ļ½ćč¢«č¦ćććććŖē°ēØ®éå±ć®å¤å±¤ę§é ä½ć§ćć£ć¦ććććé»ę°ä¼å°ę§ćé«ććé»č§£ę¶²äøć®å®å®ę§ćććč¦³ē¹ćććéé»ä½ćØćć¦ćÆļ¼£ćļ¼“ļ½ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½ćć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ēć儽ć¾ćććććć«čé
øåę§ćØęęć³ć¹ćć®č¦³ē¹ććļ¼£ćļ¼”ļ½ćć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ēć儽ć¾ććććć儽ć¾ćććÆćēē“ č¢«č¦ćććć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ć儽ć¾ććć
éé»ä½ć®å½¢ē¶ć«ćÆćē·ē¶ćę£ē¶ćęæē¶ćē®ē¶ćå¤åē¶ćććććć®ćć”å
唫åÆåŗ¦ćé«ććććØćć§ććććØćØćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēć®éćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ć®ééę§ćčÆ儽ćŖććØććå¤åē¶ć儽ć¾ćććå¤åē¶ć«ćÆćć”ćć·ć„ćē¹åøćäøē¹åøććØć³ćć¹ä½ććØćć¹ćć³ććåćÆēŗę³”ä½ćŖć©ćęćććććć®ćć”ćéé»åŗęć®å½¢ē¶ćÆćåŗåē¹ę§ćčÆ儽ćŖććØćććØć³ćć¹ä½ć儽ć¾ććć
ļ¼č² ꄵļ¼
ę¬ēŗęć«ććć¦ćč² ę„µćÆćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć§ēØććććč² ę„µć§ććć°ē¹ć«éå®ćććŖćć
ę¬ēŗęć«ććć¦ćč² ę„µćÆćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć§ēØććććč² ę„µć§ććć°ē¹ć«éå®ćććŖćć
č² ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗć«ćÆććŖćć¦ć ćåÆéēć«åøčµć»ę¾åŗććććØćåÆč½ćŖęęć§ććć°ē¹ć«éå®ćććŖććä¾ćć°ćļ¼¬ļ½ćļ¼®ļ½ćļ¼«ćļ¼£ćļ¼ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼°ćļ¼«ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼“ļ½ćļ¼¶ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼ļ½ćļ¼¦ļ½
ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼®ļ½ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼ŗļ½ćļ¼§ļ½ćļ¼§ļ½
ćļ¼¹ćļ¼ŗļ½ćļ¼®ļ½ćļ¼ļ½ćļ¼°ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼©ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼·ćļ¼°ļ½åć³ļ¼¢ļ½ćććŖćē¾¤ććéøć°ććå°ćŖććØćäøēخ仄äøć®å
ē“ ććććć®å
ē“ ćēØććåéćé
øåē©ćć«ć«ć³ć²ć³åē©åćÆććć²ć³åē©ć§ććć°ććć
ćććć®ćŖćć§ććę¾é»ćć©ćć¼ć®é åćļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼¶ļ¼åƾćŖćć¦ć é»ä½ļ¼ć®ēÆå²å
ć«č¦³ęø¬ć§ććč¦³ē¹ćććļ¼¬ļ½ćļ¼®ļ½ćļ¼«ćļ¼£ćļ¼ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼“ļ½ćļ¼ŗļ½ćļ¼§ļ½
ćļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼©ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½åć³ļ¼°ļ½ćććŖćē¾¤ććéøć°ććå°ćŖććØćäøēخ仄äøć®å
ē“ ććććć®å
ē“ ćēØććåéåćÆé
øåē©ć儽ć¾ćććććć«ćØćć«ć®ć¼åÆåŗ¦ć®č¦³ē¹ćććå
ē“ ćØćć¦ćÆćļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼ŗļ½ćļ¼§ļ½
ćļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½ēć儽ć¾ćććåéćØćć¦ćÆćļ¼³ļ½āļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½āļ¼ŗļ½ćļ¼³ļ½āļ¼ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½āļ¼¬ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½āļ¼§ļ½
ćļ¼³ļ½āļ¼§ļ½
ćļ¼³ļ½āļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½āļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½āļ¼“ļ½ćļ¼ŗļ½āļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼§ļ½
āļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼§ļ½
āļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼§ļ½
āļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½āļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½āļ¼§ļ½
ćļ¼³ļ½āļ¼³ļ½ēć®åēµćæåććēć儽ć¾ćććé
øåē©ćØćć¦ćÆćļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æćļ¼®ļ½ļ¼Æćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ¼“ļ½ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ļ¼ēć儽ć¾ććć
ćŖćććććć®ćŖćć¦ć ćåÆéēć«åøčµć»ę¾åŗććććØćåÆč½ćŖęęćÆćļ¼ēخ仄äøä½æēØćć¦ćććć
ćŖćććććć®ćŖćć¦ć ćåÆéēć«åøčµć»ę¾åŗććććØćåÆč½ćŖęęćÆćļ¼ēخ仄äøä½æēØćć¦ćććć
ćŖćć¦ć ćåÆéēć«åøčµć»ę¾åŗććććØćåÆč½ćŖęęćÆćåęć®å
é»ć®éēØć§ććŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³ćåøčµć»ę¾åŗććććØćć§ććē©č³ŖćØåŗä½é»č§£č³Ŗć«åč§£ććååē©ććć儽ć¾ććć
åŗä½é»č§£č³ŖćÆćć¤ćŖć³å°é»ę§ćęććē©č³Ŗć§ććć°ē¹ć«éå®ćććŖćććļ¼¬ļ½Ī±ļ¼øĪ²ļ¼¹Ī³ć§ē¤ŗćććåŗä½é»č§£č³Ŗć§ććććØć儽ć¾ćććććć«å¼äøćļ¼ļ¼Ī±ā¦ļ¼ćļ¼ā¦Ī²ā¦ļ¼ćļ¼ā¦Ī³ā¦ļ¼ć§ćććåŗä½é»č§£č³ŖćÆććŖćć¦ć ćåÆéēć«åøčµć»ę¾åŗććććØćåÆč½ćŖęęć®ćććć”ć¼ęć«ććŖćć
ä½ććļ¼øćÆćļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼“ļ½ćļ¼ļ½ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼¶ćļ¼§ļ½
ćļ¼ŗļ½ćļ¼ļ½ćļ¼®ļ½ć®ććććäøēخ仄äøć§ćććļ¼¹ćÆćļ¼Æćļ¼³ćļ¼¦ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼¢ļ½ćļ¼©ćļ¼°ćļ¼¢ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼£ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼³ćļ¼£ļ¼¦ļ¼ļ¼³ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼³ļ¼Æļ¼ć®ććććäøēخ仄äøć§ććć
ććå
·ä½ēć«ćÆćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼¦ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼¢ļ½ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼©ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ¼£ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ¼Æćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ¼³ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼³ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ¼³ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¶ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ¼§ļ½
ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ¼³ļ½ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ¼³ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ¼³ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ¼ŗļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼¦ļ¼ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ļ¼®ļ½ļ¼ ćļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼£ļ¼¦ļ¼ļ¼³ļ¼Æļ¼ēćęćććććććć®äøēØ®åćÆäŗēخ仄äøćä½æēØććććØćć§ććć
ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćåøčµć»ę¾åŗććććØćć§ććē©č³ŖćØåŗä½é»č§£č³Ŗć«åč§£ććååē©ćØćć¦ćÆćä¾ćć°ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼Æćļ¼§ļ½
ļ¼Æćļ¼§ļ½
ļ¼³ćļ¼§ļ½
ļ¼³ļ¼ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼Æćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼Æ-ļ¼°ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼Æ-ļ¼¢ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼³ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼³ļ¼ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼ļ¼³ļ¼ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼¦ļ¼ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼©ļ¼ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼©ļ¼ēćęććććććććļ¼ēخ仄äøä½æēØćć¦ćććć
ä½ććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćåøčµć»ę¾åŗććććØćć§ććē©č³ŖćØåŗä½é»č§£č³Ŗć«åč§£ććååē©ćÆćé»ę± ćēµćåć«ćäŗćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ććŖććØé»ę± 容éćꄵē«Æć«ä½äøććććććŖćć¼ćå¦ēććåæ
č¦ćććć
č² ę„µēØå°é»å©å¤ćÆćé»åä¼å°ę§ćęćć¦ććć°ćē¹ć«å¶éćÆćŖććäøčæ°ććéå±ćēē“ ęęćå°é»ę§é«ååćå°é»ę§ć¬ć©ć¹ēćēØććććØćć§ććć
č² ę„µēØå°é»å©å¤ćÆćé»åä¼å°ę§ćęćć¦ććć°ćē¹ć«å¶éćÆćŖććäøčæ°ććéå±ćēē“ ęęćå°é»ę§é«ååćå°é»ę§ć¬ć©ć¹ēćēØććććØćć§ććć
č² ę„µć«å«ęćććę“»ē©č³Ŗććć¤ć³ććå°é»å©å¤ć®åčØćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ćØććå “åćå°é»å©å¤ćļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
å«ęććć¦ććććØć儽ć¾ćććć¤ć¾ććå°é»å©å¤ćÆåæ
č¦ć«åæćć¦å«ęććććļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ćč¶
ććå “åćÆćé»ę± ćØćć¦ć®ę“»ē©č³Ŗć®å²åćå°ćŖććććé»ę„µå®¹éåÆåŗ¦ćä½ććŖććććć
č² ę„µēØćć¤ć³ććÆćäøčæ°ććéåøøēØćććć¦ćććć®ć§ććć°ććććåéē³»ć®č² ꄵꓻē©č³ŖćēØććå “åćå
ę¾é»ć«ä¼“ćę“»ē©č³Ŗć®ä½ē©å¤åćęå¶ććé»ę± ć®ćµć¤ćÆć«åÆæå½ē¹ę§ćåäøćććč¦³ē¹ćććļ¼°ļ¼©ć儽ć¾ććć
č² ę„µć«å«ęćććę“»ē©č³Ŗććć¤ć³ććå°é»å©å¤ć®åčØćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ćØććå “åććć¤ć³ććļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
å«ęććć¦ććććØć儽ć¾ćććļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ććć儽ć¾ććć
ćć¤ć³ććļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ęŖęŗć§ćććØé»ę„µć®ę©ę¢°å¼·åŗ¦ćä½ććććę“»ē©č³Ŗćč±č½ćććććé»ę± ć®ćµć¤ćÆć«åÆæå½ē¹ę§ćęŖććŖććäøę¹ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ćč¶
ććå “åćÆćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³å°é»ę§ćä½ććć¾ćé»ę°ęµęēćé«ććć¦ćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēć«ęéćććććć¾ććé»ę± ćØćć¦ć®ę“»ē©č³Ŗć®å²åćå°ćŖććććé»ę„µå®¹éåÆåŗ¦ćä½ććŖććććć
č² ę„µć«ēØććććéé»ä½ćÆćé»åä¼å°ę§ćęććäæęććč² ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗć«éé»ćå¾ćęęć§ććć°ē¹ć«éå®ćććŖććä¾ćć°ćļ¼£ćļ¼“ļ½ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼®ļ½ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼ļ½ćļ¼²ļ½ćļ¼²ļ½ćļ¼“ļ½ćļ¼·ćļ¼Æļ½ćļ¼©ļ½ćļ¼°ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½ēć®å°é»ę§ē©č³Ŗććććå°é»ę§ē©č³Ŗć®äŗēØ®é”仄äøćå«ęććåéļ¼ä¾ćć°ćć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ļ¼ćä½æēØćå¾ććäøčØć®å°é»ę§ē©č³Ŗ仄å¤ć®ćć®ćēØććå “åćä¾ćć°ćéć«ļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼®ļ½ćč¢«č¦ćććććŖē°ēØ®éå±ć®å¤å±¤ę§é ä½ć§ćć£ć¦ćććć
é»ę°ä¼å°ę§ćé«ććé»č§£ę¶²äøć®å®å®ę§ćććč¦³ē¹ćććéé»ä½ćØćć¦ćÆļ¼£ćļ¼“ļ½ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼¦ļ½
ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼®ļ½ćć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ēć儽ć¾ćććććć«čéå
ę§ćØęęć³ć¹ćć®č¦³ē¹ććļ¼£ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼®ļ½ćć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ēć儽ć¾ććććć儽ć¾ćććÆćć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ć儽ć¾ćććć¾ććåéē³»č² ꄵćÆå
ę¾é»ć«ä¼“ćäøꄵęęć®ä½ē©å¤åć大ćććććéé»åŗęćÆć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ć¾ććÆéć儽ć¾ććććŖććéé»åŗęć«éćēØććå “åćÆćéé»åŗęč”Øé¢ć®é
øåćé²ććććļ¼®ļ½ćļ¼£ļ½ć§č¢«č¦ććććć®ć§ććććØć儽ć¾ććć
éé»ä½ć®å½¢ē¶ć«ćÆćē·ē¶ćę£ē¶ćęæē¶ćē®ē¶ćē¶²ē¶ćē¹åøćäøē¹åøććØć³ćć¹ä½ććØćć¹ćć³ććå¤åä½åćÆēŗę³”ä½ćććććć®ćć”å
唫åÆåŗ¦ćé«ććććØćć§ććććØćØćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēć®éćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ć®ééę§ćčÆ儽ćŖććØćććØć³ćć¹ä½ććØćć¹ćć³ććå¤åä½åćÆēŗę³”ä½ć儽ć¾ććććć儽ć¾ćććÆćåŗåē¹ę§ćčÆ儽ćŖććØćććØć³ćć¹ä½ć儽ć¾ććć
ļ¼é»ę„µć®č£½é ļ¼
é»ę„µć®č£½é ę¹ę³ćÆćę“»ē©č³ŖćØććć¤ć³ććØćåæ č¦ć«åæćć¦ę·»å ćććå°é»å©å¤ćØćę··åććć¹ć©ćŖć¼åćććć®ććéé»ä½ć«å”åøćć仮乾ē„ćććå¾ćē±å¦ēćč”ć£ć¦é»ę„µćå¾ćę¹ę³ćęććććØćć§ćććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®č£½é ę¹ę³ćØćć¦ćÆćč£å”«ęęćØććć¤ć³ććØćåæ č¦ć«åæćć¦ę·»å ćććå°é»å©å¤ćØćę··åććć¹ć©ćŖć¼åćććć®ććéé»ä½ć«å”åøćć仮乾ē„ćććå¾ćē±å¦ēćč”ć£ć¦é»ę„µćå¾ćę¹ę³ćęććććØćć§ććć
é»ę„µć®č£½é ę¹ę³ćÆćę“»ē©č³ŖćØććć¤ć³ććØćåæ č¦ć«åæćć¦ę·»å ćććå°é»å©å¤ćØćę··åććć¹ć©ćŖć¼åćććć®ććéé»ä½ć«å”åøćć仮乾ē„ćććå¾ćē±å¦ēćč”ć£ć¦é»ę„µćå¾ćę¹ę³ćęććććØćć§ćććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®č£½é ę¹ę³ćØćć¦ćÆćč£å”«ęęćØććć¤ć³ććØćåæ č¦ć«åæćć¦ę·»å ćććå°é»å©å¤ćØćę··åććć¹ć©ćŖć¼åćććć®ććéé»ä½ć«å”åøćć仮乾ē„ćććå¾ćē±å¦ēćč”ć£ć¦é»ę„µćå¾ćę¹ę³ćęććććØćć§ććć
仮乾ē„ćÆćć¹ć©ćŖć¼å
ć®ęŗ¶åŖćę®ēŗé¤å»ć§ććę¹ę³ć§ććć°ē¹ć«éå®ćććŖćććä¾ćć°ć大ę°äøļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć®ęø©åŗ¦é°å²ę°äøć§ē±å¦ēćč”ćę¹ę³ćęććććØćć§ććć
äøčØć®ē±å¦ēćÆćęøå§äøć§ćļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć«ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ęéäæęććććØć«ćć£ć¦č”ćććØćć§ććć
äøčØć®ē±å¦ēćÆćęøå§äøć§ćļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć«ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ęéäæęććććØć«ćć£ć¦č”ćććØćć§ććć
ļ¼ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæļ¼
ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćØćć¦ćÆćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć«äøč¬ć«ēØćććććć®ćä½æēØć§ććć
ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæć®å½¢ē¶ćÆćå¾®å¤åčćē¹åøćäøē¹åøćå§ē²ä½ćęćććććć®ćć”ćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ć®ééę§ćććć³é»ę± ć®åŗåē¹ę§ćØč£½é ć³ć¹ćć®č¦³ē¹ććäøē¹åøć儽ć¾ććć
ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæć®ęč³ŖćØćć¦ćÆćē¹ć«éå®ćććŖćććēēµ”ęć®å±ęēćŖēŗē±ć§ćć”ć«ććć¦ć³ććŖćčē±ę§ęعčćå«ćć§ććććØć儽ć¾ććć
ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćØćć¦ćÆćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć«äøč¬ć«ēØćććććć®ćä½æēØć§ććć
ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæć®å½¢ē¶ćÆćå¾®å¤åčćē¹åøćäøē¹åøćå§ē²ä½ćęćććććć®ćć”ćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ć®ééę§ćććć³é»ę± ć®åŗåē¹ę§ćØč£½é ć³ć¹ćć®č¦³ē¹ććäøē¹åøć儽ć¾ććć
ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæć®ęč³ŖćØćć¦ćÆćē¹ć«éå®ćććŖćććēēµ”ęć®å±ęēćŖēŗē±ć§ćć”ć«ććć¦ć³ććŖćčē±ę§ęعčćå«ćć§ććććØć儽ć¾ććć
čē±ę§ęعčćØćć¦ćÆćć»ć©ćććÆć¹ćØćć¦ćÆćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼ŗļ½ļ¼Æćļ¼”ļ½ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼¢ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼ļ½ļ¼Æćļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æćļ¼¢ļ¼®ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼£ćŖć©ćęćććććć¾ććę¢åć®ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæć«ć»ć©ćććÆć¹ćč¢«č¦ććčē±ę§ćåäøćććć»ćć¬ć¼ćæć§ćć£ć¦ćććć
ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæć®ē©ŗéēćÆćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
仄äøć§ćććć®ć§ććć°ē¹ć«éå®ćććŖćććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³å°é»ę§ć®č¦³ē¹ćććļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
仄äøļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
仄äøć§ććććØć儽ć¾ćććć¬ć¼ć¬ć¼č©¦éØę³ć«ćć£ć¦å¾ćććéę°åŗ¦ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ē§ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ½ä»„äøć§ććććØć儽ć¾ććć
ććć§ćē©ŗéēćÆć»ćć¬ć¼ćæć®č¦ęćåÆåŗ¦ćØę§ęęęć®åŗå½¢åć®ēåÆåŗ¦ćććꬔå¼ć«ććē®åŗććå¤ć§ććć
ē©ŗéēļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ¼ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæć®č¦ęćåÆåŗ¦ļ¼ęęåŗå½¢åć®ēåÆåŗ¦ļ¼Ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
ć¾ććć¬ć¼ć¬ć¼éę°åŗ¦ćØćÆćļ¼Ŗļ¼©ļ¼³ ļ¼° ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć«č¦å®ćććć¬ć¼ć¬ć¼č©¦éØę©ę³ć«ććéę°ęµęåŗ¦ć§ććć
ććć§ćē©ŗéēćÆć»ćć¬ć¼ćæć®č¦ęćåÆåŗ¦ćØę§ęęęć®åŗå½¢åć®ēåÆåŗ¦ćććꬔå¼ć«ććē®åŗććå¤ć§ććć
ē©ŗéēļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ¼ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæć®č¦ęćåÆåŗ¦ļ¼ęęåŗå½¢åć®ēåÆåŗ¦ļ¼Ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
ć¾ććć¬ć¼ć¬ć¼éę°åŗ¦ćØćÆćļ¼Ŗļ¼©ļ¼³ ļ¼° ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć«č¦å®ćććć¬ć¼ć¬ć¼č©¦éØę©ę³ć«ććéę°ęµęåŗ¦ć§ććć
ļ¼ććŖćć¼ćć®čŖ¬ęļ¼
ļ¼č£å”«ēØé»ę„µļ¼
č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØćÆćę£ę„µåćÆč² ę„µćććŖćć¼ćććććć®é»ę„µć§ćććč£å”«ęęćØćć¦ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćęććé»ę„µć§ćććå ·ä½ēć«ćÆćļ¼”ćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼£ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¦ļ½ ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¦ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¦ļ½ ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼“ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼“ļ½ļ¼³ļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼²ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ŗļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼³ ļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼“ļ½ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼·ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼¶ ļ¼ ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼¶ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼£ ļ¼ ćļ¼” ļ¼ ļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ¼§ļ½ ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ļ¼Æćļ¼” ļ¼ ļ¼©ļ½ćļ¼” ļ¼ ļ¼³ļ½åć³ļ¼”ļ¼°ļ½ēćå«ćé»ę„µć§ćććććć§ćļ¼”ćÆåØęč”Øē¬¬äøęå ē“ ć§ććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±å ē“ ćē¤ŗććå ·ä½ēć«ćÆćļ¼¬ļ½ćļ¼®ļ½ćļ¼«ć§ććć
ļ¼č£å”«ēØé»ę„µļ¼
č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØćÆćę£ę„µåćÆč² ę„µćććŖćć¼ćććććć®é»ę„µć§ćććč£å”«ęęćØćć¦ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćęććé»ę„µć§ćććå ·ä½ēć«ćÆćļ¼”ćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼£ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¦ļ½ ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¦ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¦ļ½ ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼“ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼“ļ½ļ¼³ļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼²ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ŗļ½ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼³ ļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼“ļ½ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼·ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼¶ ļ¼ ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼¶ļ¼Æ ļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼£ ļ¼ ćļ¼” ļ¼ ļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ¼§ļ½ ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ļ¼Æćļ¼” ļ¼ ļ¼©ļ½ćļ¼” ļ¼ ļ¼³ļ½åć³ļ¼”ļ¼°ļ½ēćå«ćé»ę„µć§ćććććć§ćļ¼”ćÆåØęč”Øē¬¬äøęå ē“ ć§ććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±å ē“ ćē¤ŗććå ·ä½ēć«ćÆćļ¼¬ļ½ćļ¼®ļ½ćļ¼«ć§ććć
ćć®ćć”ćļ¼”ćēØććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć§ććć°ćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćęććććęć容ęć«ććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ćććØćć§ććććććć45ā仄äøć®é«ęø©ć§ćÆćé
øåå£åćććććććé«ęø©ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¶²äøć§ćå®å®ćŖļ¼”ļ¼¦ļ½
ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¦ļ½
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼ļ½ ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ½ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¶ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¶ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ¼§ļ½
ćļ¼”ļ¼£ļ½ļ¼Æćļ¼”ļ¼®ļ½ļ¼Æć儽ć¾ćććē¹ć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćęÆč¼ēå¤éć«ęćć¦ćććļ¼”ļ¼¶ļ¼ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼¶ļ¼Æļ¼ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼”ļ¼ļ¼³ļ½ććć儽ć¾ććć
ä½ććļ¼”ęåćęććŖćč£å”«ęęćēØććå “åćäøčØčØč¼ć®ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ččč²¼ćä»ććć¼ćć³ć°ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼é»ę°åå¦ēćć¼ćć³ć°ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć”ć«ćć«ć«ćć¼ćć³ć°ćŖć©ć®ęę³ćēØćć¦ļ¼”ćč£å”«ćć¦ćććć
ä¾ćć°ćļ¼”ęåćęććŖćč£å”«ęęć«ļ¼³ļ½ćēØććå “åćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ččč²¼ćä»ććć¼ćć³ć°ć§ćÆćļ¼³ļ½é»ę„µć®č”Øé¢ć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ččćč²¼ćä»ććććØć§č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćå¾ććććļ¼ļ¼ļ¼é»ę°åå¦ēćć¼ćć³ć°ć§ćÆćļ¼³ļ½é»ę„µćØćć®åÆ¾ę„µć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ćēØććåé»ę± ćä½č£½ććé»å§ćå°å ććććØć§č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćå¾ććććļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć”ć«ćć«ć«ćć¼ćć³ć°ćŖć©ć®ęę³ć§ćÆćļ¼³ļ½ē²ę«ćØļ¼”ćØćéęćć¼ć«ćć«ćŖć©ćēØćć¦ćć”ć«ćć«ć«ććŖć³ć°ććććØć§ļ¼”ćč£å”«ććļ¼³ļ½ē²ę«ćå¾ććććććēØćć¦é»ę„µćä½č£½ććććØć§ćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćå¾ćććć
éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ćććŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³äŗꬔé»ę± ććŖćć¦ć ććŖćć¼é»ę± ćåŗä½ćŖćć¦ć é»ę± ćŖć©ć§ććå “åćÆćļ¼”ćļ¼¬ļ½ć§ććććØć儽ć¾ććććććŖć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³äŗꬔé»ę± ćććŖćć¼ćććŖć¦ć é»ę± ćåŗä½ćććŖć¦ć é»ę± ććććŖć¦ć āē”«é»é»ę± ēć§ććå “åćÆćļ¼”ćļ¼®ļ½ć§ććććØć儽ć¾ććć
č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćÆćåæ
č¦ć«åæćć¦å°é»å©å¤ćå«ęćć¦ććććå°é»å©å¤ćÆćé»åä¼å°ę§ćęćć¦ććć°ćē¹ć«å¶éćÆćŖććäøčæ°ććéå±ćēē“ ęęćå°é»ę§é«ååćå°é»ę§ć¬ć©ć¹ēćēØććććØćć§ććć
č£å”«ēØé»ę„µć«å«ęćććč£å”«ęęććć¤ć³ććå°é»å©å¤ć®åčØćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ćØććå “åćå°é»å©å¤ćļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
å«ęććć¦ććććØć儽ć¾ćććć¤ć¾ććå°é»å©å¤ćÆåæ
č¦ć«åæćć¦å«ęććććļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ćč¶
ććå “åćÆćććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ć«å°é»å©å¤ćč±č½ććććŖćć¼ćå¦ēć®å¹ęćååć«å¾ććć«ćććŖćć
č£å”«ēØé»ę„µēØćć¤ć³ććÆćäøčæ°ććéåøøēØćććć¦ćććć®ć§ććć°ććććé«ęø©ć®ććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²äøć§čØę½¤ćć«ćććØććč¦³ē¹ćććļ¼°ļ¼©ć儽ć¾ććć
č£å”«ēØé»ę„µć«å«ęćććę“»ē©č³Ŗććć¤ć³ććå°é»å©å¤ć®åčØćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćØććå “åććć¤ć³ććļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ å«ęććć¦ććććØć儽ć¾ććć
č£å”«ēØé»ę„µć«å«ęćććę“»ē©č³Ŗććć¤ć³ććå°é»å©å¤ć®åčØćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćØććå “åććć¤ć³ććļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ å«ęććć¦ććććØć儽ć¾ććć
ćć¤ć³ććļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ęŖęŗć§ćććØé»ę„µć®ę©ę¢°å¼·åŗ¦ćä½ććććććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²äøć«č£å”«ęęćå°é»å©å¤ćč±č½ćććććććŖćć¼ćå¦ēć®å¹ęćååć«å¾ććć«ćććŖććäøę¹ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ćč¶
ććå “åćÆćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³å°é»ę§ćä½ććć¾ćé»ę°ęµęēćé«ććć¦ćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēć«ęéććććć
č£å”«ēØé»ę„µć«ēØććććéé»ä½ćÆćé»åä¼å°ę§ćęććäæęććč£å”«ęęć«éé»ćå¾ćęęć§ććć°ē¹ć«éå®ćććŖććä¾ćć°ćļ¼£ćļ¼“ļ½ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼®ļ½ćļ¼£ļ½ćļ¼ļ½ćļ¼²ļ½ćļ¼²ļ½ćļ¼“ļ½ćļ¼·ćļ¼Æļ½ćļ¼©ļ½ćļ¼°ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½ćļ¼”ļ½ēć®å°é»ę§ē©č³Ŗććććå°é»ę§ē©č³Ŗć®äŗēØ®é”仄äøćå«ęććåéćä¾ćć°ć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ćä½æēØććććØćć§ććć
éé»åŗęć®å½¢ē¶ć«ćÆćē·ē¶ćę£ē¶ćęæē¶ćē®ē¶ćå¤åē¶ćććććć®ćć”å 唫åÆåŗ¦ćé«ććććØćć§ććććØććäøčæ°ććå¤åē¶ć儽ć¾ććć
éé»åŗęć®å½¢ē¶ć«ćÆćē·ē¶ćę£ē¶ćęæē¶ćē®ē¶ćå¤åē¶ćććććć®ćć”å 唫åÆåŗ¦ćé«ććććØćć§ććććØććäøčæ°ććå¤åē¶ć儽ć¾ććć
ļ¼ććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ļ¼
ććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ćÆćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µććč£å”«åÆ¾č±”é»ę„µļ¼ę£ę„µåćÆč² ę„µļ¼ć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćē§»åćććććØć®ć§ććę¶²ä½ć§ććć°ćććå¾čæ°ććé»ę± ć«ēØććććé»č§£ę¶²ćØåćęåć®ę¶²ä½ć§ćć£ć¦ććććéåøøćé»ę± ć«ēØććććé»č§£ę¶²ćÆćé»č§£č³Ŗćęŗ¶åŖć«ęŗ¶ććē¶ę ć§ä½æēØćććć
ććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ćÆćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µććč£å”«åÆ¾č±”é»ę„µļ¼ę£ę„µåćÆč² ę„µļ¼ć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćē§»åćććććØć®ć§ććę¶²ä½ć§ććć°ćććå¾čæ°ććé»ę± ć«ēØććććé»č§£ę¶²ćØåćęåć®ę¶²ä½ć§ćć£ć¦ććććéåøøćé»ę± ć«ēØććććé»č§£ę¶²ćÆćé»č§£č³Ŗćęŗ¶åŖć«ęŗ¶ććē¶ę ć§ä½æēØćććć
é»č§£č³ŖćØćć¦ćÆćć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćå«ęććåæ
č¦ćććććØććććć®é»č§£č³Ŗ唩ćØćć¦ćÆćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć§ēØćććććć®ć§ććć°ē¹ć«éå®ćććŖććććŖćć¦ć 唩ććććŖć¦ć 唩ćć«ćŖć¦ć 唩ćŖć©ć®ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±å”©ć儽é©ć§ććććć®ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±å”©ćØćć¦ćÆććććµćć«ćŖććŖć³é
øćŖćć¦ć ćé唩ē“ é
øćŖćć¦ć ćććć©ćć«ćŖććć¦é
øćŖćć¦ć ćććŖćć«ćŖćć”ćæć³ć¹ć«ćć³é
øćŖćć¦ć ćććŖćć«ćŖćć”ćæć³ć¹ć«ćć³é
øć¤ćććŖćć¦ć ććććµćć«ćŖććŖć³é
øćććŖć¦ć ćé唩ē“ é
øćććŖć¦ć ćććć©ćć«ćŖććć¦é
øćććŖć¦ć ćććŖćć«ćŖćć”ćæć³ć¹ć«ćć³é
øćććŖć¦ć åć³ććŖćć«ćŖćć”ćæć³ć¹ć«ćć³é
øć¤ćććććŖć¦ć ććććµćć«ćŖććŖć³é
øć«ćŖć¦ć ćé唩ē“ é
øć«ćŖć¦ć ćććć©ćć«ćŖććć¦é
øć«ćŖć¦ć ćććŖćć«ćŖćć”ćæć³ć¹ć«ćć³é
øć«ćŖć¦ć åć³ććŖćć«ćŖćć”ćæć³ć¹ć«ćć³é
øć¤ććć«ćŖć¦ć ćŖć©ćććŖćē¾¤ććéøęćććå°ćŖććØćļ¼ēخ仄äøćēØććććØćć§ććć
é»č§£č³Ŗć®ęŗ¶åŖćØćć¦ćÆććććć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ćććØćć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ćććøć”ćć«ć«ć¼ććć¼ćććøćØćć«ć«ć¼ććć¼ććĪ³āćććć©ćÆćć³ćććŖćē¾¤ććéøęćććå°ćŖććØćļ¼ēØ®ćēØććććØćć§ććē¹ć«ććććć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ćććØćć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ććØćøćØćć«ć«ć¼ććć¼ććØć®ę··åē©ćåćÆĪ³āćććć©ćÆćć³ć儽é©ć§ććć
ć¾ććäøčØé»č§£č³Ŗć®ęŗ¶åŖćØćć¦ćÆććććć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ćļ¼ļ¼°ļ¼£ļ¼ććØćć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ćļ¼ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ććøć”ćć«ć«ć¼ććć¼ćļ¼ļ¼¤ļ¼ļ¼£ļ¼ććøćØćć«ć«ć¼ććć¼ćļ¼ļ¼¤ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ćĪ³āćććć©ćÆćć³ćļ¼āć”ćć«ććć©ććććć©ć³ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøćŖćć½ć©ć³ćļ¼āć”ćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøćŖćć½ć©ć³ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøć”ććć·ćØćæć³ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøćØććć·ćØćæć³ććøćØćć«ćØć¼ćć«ćć¹ć«ćć©ć³ćć”ćć«ć¹ć«ćć©ć³ććććć”ćæć³ćļ¼®ļ¼ļ¼®āćøć”ćć«ćć«ć ć¢ććććøć”ćć«ć¹ć«ććć·ććććŖćē¾¤ććéøęćććå°ćŖććØćļ¼ēØ®ćēØććććØćć§ććē¹ć«ććććć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ćććØćć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ććØćøćØćć«ć«ć¼ććć¼ććØć®ę··åē©ćåćÆĪ³āćććć©ćÆćć³ć儽é©ć§ććććŖććäøčØćØćć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ććØćøćØćć«ć«ć¼ććć¼ććØć®ę··åē©ć®ę··åęÆćÆććØćć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ćåć³ćøćØćć«ć«ć¼ććć¼ććØćć«ļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ä½ē©ļ¼
ć®ēÆå²ć§ä»»ęć«čŖæę“ććććØćć§ććć
ć¾ććć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½ćęŗ¶č唩ēć§ćć£ć¦ćę§ććŖćć
ć¾ććć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½ćęŗ¶č唩ēć§ćć£ć¦ćę§ććŖćć
ććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ćÆćåøøęø©ć§ćēØććććØćåÆč½ć§ććććļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć®ęø©åŗ¦ēÆå²ć§ä½æēØććććØć儽ć¾ćććļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āććć儽ć¾ćććļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć§ä½æēØććććØćććć«å„½ć¾ćććäøčØć®ęø©åŗ¦ēÆå²ć«ććććØć§ćććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ć®ć¤ćŖć³å°é»ę§ćØę£ę„µåćÆč² ę„µć®ć¤ćŖć³ę”ę£ę§ćé£čŗēć«åäøćććå¹ęēć«é»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ćććØćć§ćććć¾ććå
ę¾é»ć«ä¼“ćć¬ć¹ć®ēŗēćäŗćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēć®å·„ēØć§č”ćććØć§ćé»ę± å
ć®ć¬ć¹ēŗēćęå¶ć§ććć
ćć®ćććććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ćÆćčøēŗćć«ćććčē±ę§ćęććę¶²ä½ć§ććććØć儽ć¾ććććć®ćććé»č§£č³ŖćØćć¦ćććć©ćć«ćŖććć¦é
øćŖćć¦ć ćććŖćć«ćŖćć”ćæć³ć¹ć«ćć³é
øćŖćć¦ć ćććŖćć«ćŖćć”ćæć³ć¹ć«ćć³é
øć¤ćććŖćć¦ć ćććć©ćć«ćŖććć¦é
øćććŖć¦ć ćććŖćć«ćŖćć”ćæć³ć¹ć«ćć³é
øćććŖć¦ć åć³ććŖćć«ćŖćć”ćæć³ć¹ć«ćć³é
øć¤ćććććŖć¦ć ćććć©ćć«ćŖććć¦é
øć«ćŖć¦ć ćććŖćć«ćŖćć”ćæć³ć¹ć«ćć³é
øć«ćŖć¦ć åć³ććŖćć«ćŖćć”ćæć³ć¹ć«ćć³é
øć¤ććć«ćŖć¦ć ćŖć©ć儽ć¾ććć
é»č§£č³Ŗć®ęŗ¶åŖćØćć¦ćÆććććć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ćććØćć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ććĪ³āćććć©ćÆćć³ćććŖćē¾¤ććéøęćććå°ćŖććØćļ¼ēØ®ćēØććććØćć§ććē¹ć«ććććć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ćććØćć¬ć³ć«ć¼ććć¼ććØĪ³āćććć©ćÆćć³ćØć®ę··åē©ć儽é©ć§ććććļ¼ļ¼ā仄äøć®ęø©åŗ¦ć§čøēŗććććććØćććć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½åćÆęŗ¶č唩ćēØććććØć儽ć¾ćććåøøęø©ć§ćēØććććØćć§ććć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½ććć儽ć¾ćććć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½ćęŗ¶č唩ć§ććć°ćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēć®éć«ćčøę°ć®å¼ē«ć®å±éŗę§ććŖćććčøę°å§ćęććŖćććé·ęć«ęø”ć£ć¦ä½æēØććććØćć§ććć
ć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½ćęŗ¶č唩ćÆćć«ććŖć³ļ¼é½ć¤ćŖć³ļ¼ć®ēØ®é”ć§ććŖćøć³ē³»ćčē°ęć¢ćć³ē³»ćččŖęć¢ćć³ē³»ćŖć©ć«é”å„ććććććć«ēµćæåćććć¢ććŖć³ļ¼é°ć¤ćŖć³ļ¼ć®ēØ®é”ćéøęććććØć§ćå¤ę§ćŖć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½åćÆęŗ¶č唩ćåęć§ćććēØććććć«ććŖć³ć«ćÆćć¤ććć¾ćŖć¦ć 唩é”ć»ććŖćøćć¦ć 唩é”ćŖć©ć®ć¢ć³ć¢ćć¦ć ē³»ććć¹ććć¦ć ē³»ć¤ćŖć³ćē”ę©ē³»ć¤ćŖć³ćŖć©ćć¢ććŖć³ć®ę”ēØä¾ćØćć¦ćÆćčåē©ć¤ćŖć³ćććŖćć©ć¼ććŖć©ć®ććć²ć³ē³»ćććć©ćć§ćć«ćć¬ć¼ććŖć©ć®ćć¦ē“ ē³»ććććµćć«ćŖććć¹ćć§ć¼ććŖć©ć®ćŖć³ē³»ćŖć©ćććć
ć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½ćęŗ¶č唩ćÆćä¾ćć°ćć¤ććć¾ćŖćć¦ć ēć®ć«ććŖć³ćØćļ¼¢ļ½āćļ¼£ļ½āćļ¼¢ļ¼¦ļ¼ āćļ¼°ļ¼¦ļ¼ āćļ¼ļ¼£ļ¼¦ļ¼ļ¼³ļ¼Æļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼ ļ¼®āēć®ć¢ććŖć³ćØēµćæåććć¦ę§ęćććććŖå
¬ē„ć®åęę¹ę³ć§å¾ćććØćć§ććć
ć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½ćęŗ¶č唩ć§ććć°ćé»č§£č³Ŗćå ććŖćć¦ćé»ęµćęµćććØćć§ććć¾ćé»ä½ēŖćåŗććć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½ć®ēØ®é”ć«ćććććāļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć®ęø©åŗ¦åć§ćę¶²ä½ē¶ćē¶ęććē©ę§å¤åćå°ćŖććčē±ę§ćé«ććć¾ććčøę°å§ćꄵćć¦ä½ććäøę®ēŗę§ć§ćććåå¦ååæå¾ć®åé¢ć»åå©ēØć容ęć§ććććēµęøēć§ćććć
ć¾ććć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½ćęŗ¶č唩ć®ēØ®é”ć«ćććććććććÆćę°“ćØćęę©ęŗ¶åŖćØćęŗ¶ććććŖććććä¾ćććććØę··åćć¦ćēøåé¢ćčµ·ćććććę°“åć«ććé»ę„µęęć®å¤±ę“»ćęå¶ććå¹ęććććć¾ććē±ä¼å°ę§ćåŖćć¦ććććØćććććŖćć¼ćäøć«ēŗēććååæē±ćę”ę£ććå¹ęć«ćåŖććć
ććććć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½ćęŗ¶č唩ćÆćéåøøć®é»ę± ć«ēØććććé»č§£ę¶²ćØćÆē°ćŖććę¶²ć®ē²åŗ¦ćé«ććććé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ććååć«č”ćććŖćå “åććććććę¶²ć®ē²åŗ¦ć®ä½äøćØć¤ćŖć³å°é»ę§ćé«ććč¦³ē¹ćććę¶²ć®ęø©åŗ¦ćÆļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć«ććććØć儽ć¾ćććļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āććć儽ć¾ćććļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć§ä½æēØććććØćććć«å„½ć¾ććć
ļ¼ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ļ¼
äøčæ°ććę£ę„µćč² ę„µććć³ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćēØćć¦ćé»ę± ćä½č£½ććę£ę„µåć³č² ꄵćØć«ę„触ćć¦ććŖćććé ē½®ćććć¢ć«ć«ćŖć¤ćŖć³ęŗćØćŖćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØćåććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćåčØę£ę„µé¢ćØåčØč² ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦åē“ę¹åć«é ē½®ćććē¶ę ć§ććŖćć¼ćę¶²äøć«ęµøę¼¬ććę£ę„µć¾ććÆč² ę„µćØć«č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØć«é»å§ćå°å ććäŗć§ćé»ę°åå¦ēć«ę£ę„µć¾ććÆč² ę„µć®é»ę„µć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćč£å”«ććććØćć§ććć
äøčæ°ććę£ę„µćč² ę„µććć³ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćēØćć¦ćé»ę± ćä½č£½ććę£ę„µåć³č² ꄵćØć«ę„触ćć¦ććŖćććé ē½®ćććć¢ć«ć«ćŖć¤ćŖć³ęŗćØćŖćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØćåććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćåčØę£ę„µé¢ćØåčØč² ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦åē“ę¹åć«é ē½®ćććē¶ę ć§ććŖćć¼ćę¶²äøć«ęµøę¼¬ććę£ę„µć¾ććÆč² ę„µćØć«č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØć«é»å§ćå°å ććäŗć§ćé»ę°åå¦ēć«ę£ę„µć¾ććÆč² ę„µć®é»ę„µć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćč£å”«ććććØćć§ććć
č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćę£ę„µé¢ćØč² ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦åē“ę¹åć«é
ē½®ććććØć§ćē©å±¤ä½ć¾ććÆę²åä½ć®é»ę„µć®é»ę„µé¢ć«ę²æć£ć¦ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćę”ę£ććć®ć§ćććŖćć¼ććåäøć«å¦ēććććØćć§ćććä¾ćć°ćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćåčØę£ę„µé¢ćØåčØč² ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦äø¦č”ę¹åć«é
ē½®ććå “åćē©å±¤ä½ć¾ććÆę²åä½ćØåƾé¢ććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®čæåć®é»ę„µå±¤ć®ćæćććŖćć¼ćććććććäøåäøćØćŖććććć
č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćÆćå°ćŖććØćč£å”«åÆ¾č±”ćØćŖćé»ę„µå®¹éććć大ćććē©å±¤ä½ćę²åä½ć®ęé¢ē©ćććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®č”Øé¢ē©ć大ććććØć儽ć¾ćććććć«ćććåäøę§ć«åŖććććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćåÆč½ćØćŖćć
ććŖćć¼ćę¶²äøć«ęµøę¼¬å¾ćę£ę„µćØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µććććÆćč² ę„µćØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć«é»å§å°å ććŖćć¦ćēēµ”ććć°ćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćē§»åćę£ę„µć¾ććÆč² ę„µć®ććŖćć¼ććč”ćććććć ććć®ę¹ę³ćÆćććŖćć¼ćć®åäøę§ć«ććććććé»å§å°å ććććØć儽ć¾ćććå°å ććé»å§ćÆćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć«ēØććč£å”«ęęć®ēØ®é”ć«ćć£ć¦ē°ćŖćććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćē§»åććé»å§ć§ććć°ććć
ćć®éć®é»ęµåÆåŗ¦ćÆćč£å”«åÆ¾č±”é»ę„µć®å®¹éćļ¼åćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ęéć§ę¾é»ć¾ććÆå
é»ć§ććé»ęµåÆåŗ¦ć§ććććØć儽ć¾ććććć儽ć¾ćććÆćļ¼ęéćļ¼ļ¼ęéć§ćććļ¼ęéćļ¼ļ¼ęéć§ććććØćććć«å„½ć¾ććć
ććć«ćäøčØć®é»ęµåÆåŗ¦ć§ćč£å”«å¦ēå¾ć®é»ę„µććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćęæå
„ććć³č±é¢ććććØć儽ć¾ćććććć«ćććåäøę§ć«ććććććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ćććØćć§ććé»ę± ć®å
ę¾é»ć®éć«ēŗēććć¬ć¹ćäŗćę¾åŗććé»ę± å
ć«ćććć¬ć¹ć®ēŗēćęå¶ććććØćć§ććć
ļ¼éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ćØććŖćć¼ćļ¼
ćć®ććć«ćć¦å¾ćé»ę„µļ¼ę£ę„µåćÆč² ę„µļ¼ćÆćć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćä»ćć¦åÆ¾ę„µļ¼č² ꄵåćÆę£ę„µļ¼ćØę„åćććé»č§£ę¶²å ć«ęµøę¼¬ććē¶ę ć§åÆéåćććäŗꬔé»ę± ćØćŖććäøčæ°ć®ććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćę½ććéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć«ććć°ćé«å®¹éć§é·åÆæå½ćäø”ē«ććé»ę± ć®ć¬ć¹ēŗēć®å°ćŖćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ćØćć¦ę©č½ććććØćć§ććć
éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ę§é ćØćć¦ćÆćē¹ć«éå®ćććŖćććē©å±¤å¼é»ę± ćę²åå¼é»ę± ćŖć©ć®ę¢åć®é»ę± å½¢ę ć»ę§é ć«é©ēØććććØćć§ććć
å³ļ¼ć«ē¤ŗćę²åé»ę± ļ¼ļ¼ćÆćé»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹ļ¼ļ¼å ć«é ē½®ćććę£ę„µļ¼ļ¼ćč² ę„µļ¼ļ¼ćć»ćć¬ć¼ćæļ¼ļ¼ććć³é»č§£ę¶²ćäø»ć«åćć¦ćććććć¦é»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹ļ¼ļ¼ćÆćäøéØć«éå£éØļ¼ļ¼ļ½ćęććę¦ćåēē¶ć®å®¹åØć§ććććć®åŗé¢éØćč² ę„µē«Æåć«čØå®ććć¦ćććåøÆē¶ć®ę£ę„µļ¼ļ¼ćØč² ę„µļ¼ļ¼ćØćÆć»ćć¬ć¼ćæļ¼ļ¼ćęćæć¤ć¤ęø¦å·»ćē¶ć«å·»ćåćććē¶ę ć§é»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹ļ¼ļ¼å ć«é ē½®ććć¦ćććć¾ććé»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹ć®éå£éØļ¼ļ¼ļ½ćÆćé»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹ļ¼ļ¼å ć«é»č§£ę¶²ćę³Øå „ćććē¶ę ć§ćå°å£ęæļ¼ļ¼ć«ććę¶²åÆć«å°éććć¦ććććŖććå°å£ęæļ¼ļ¼ć®äøé¢ć«čØćććć£ććļ¼ļ¼ćę£ę„µē«ÆåćØćŖććę£ę„µē«ÆåćÆå³ē¤ŗććŖććŖć¼ćē·ć«ććę£ę„µļ¼ļ¼ć«ę„ē¶ććć¦ććć
ćć®ććć«ćć¦å¾ćé»ę„µļ¼ę£ę„µåćÆč² ę„µļ¼ćÆćć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćä»ćć¦åÆ¾ę„µļ¼č² ꄵåćÆę£ę„µļ¼ćØę„åćććé»č§£ę¶²å ć«ęµøę¼¬ććē¶ę ć§åÆéåćććäŗꬔé»ę± ćØćŖććäøčæ°ć®ććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćę½ććéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć«ććć°ćé«å®¹éć§é·åÆæå½ćäø”ē«ććé»ę± ć®ć¬ć¹ēŗēć®å°ćŖćéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ćØćć¦ę©č½ććććØćć§ććć
éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ę§é ćØćć¦ćÆćē¹ć«éå®ćććŖćććē©å±¤å¼é»ę± ćę²åå¼é»ę± ćŖć©ć®ę¢åć®é»ę± å½¢ę ć»ę§é ć«é©ēØććććØćć§ććć
å³ļ¼ć«ē¤ŗćę²åé»ę± ļ¼ļ¼ćÆćé»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹ļ¼ļ¼å ć«é ē½®ćććę£ę„µļ¼ļ¼ćč² ę„µļ¼ļ¼ćć»ćć¬ć¼ćæļ¼ļ¼ććć³é»č§£ę¶²ćäø»ć«åćć¦ćććććć¦é»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹ļ¼ļ¼ćÆćäøéØć«éå£éØļ¼ļ¼ļ½ćęććę¦ćåēē¶ć®å®¹åØć§ććććć®åŗé¢éØćč² ę„µē«Æåć«čØå®ććć¦ćććåøÆē¶ć®ę£ę„µļ¼ļ¼ćØč² ę„µļ¼ļ¼ćØćÆć»ćć¬ć¼ćæļ¼ļ¼ćęćæć¤ć¤ęø¦å·»ćē¶ć«å·»ćåćććē¶ę ć§é»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹ļ¼ļ¼å ć«é ē½®ććć¦ćććć¾ććé»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹ć®éå£éØļ¼ļ¼ļ½ćÆćé»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹ļ¼ļ¼å ć«é»č§£ę¶²ćę³Øå „ćććē¶ę ć§ćå°å£ęæļ¼ļ¼ć«ććę¶²åÆć«å°éććć¦ććććŖććå°å£ęæļ¼ļ¼ć®äøé¢ć«čØćććć£ććļ¼ļ¼ćę£ę„µē«ÆåćØćŖććę£ę„µē«ÆåćÆå³ē¤ŗććŖććŖć¼ćē·ć«ććę£ę„µļ¼ļ¼ć«ę„ē¶ććć¦ććć
å³ļ¼ć«ē¤ŗćē©å±¤é»ę± ļ¼ļ¼ćÆćę£ę„µććććÆč² ę„µć®ććććäøę¹ć®é»ę„µć§ćć£ć¦åēē¶ć®å¤č£
ä½ļ¼ļ¼ć®å
é¢ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ć«ę„触ćć¦é»ę°ēć«ę„ē¶ććć¦ććē¬¬ļ¼é»ę„µļ¼ļ¼ćØćä»ę¹ć®é»ę„µć§ćć£ć¦å¤č£
ä½ļ¼ļ¼ć®å
é¢ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ć«ę„触ćć¦ććŖćē¬¬ļ¼é»ę„µļ¼ļ¼ćØćåćć¦ćć¦ćę£ē¶ć®å°é»ę§ć®éé»ę£ļ¼ļ¼ććę£ę„µćØč² ę„µćØć»ćć¬ć¼ćæļ¼ļ¼ćØćå¤č£
ä½ļ¼ļ¼ć®č»øę¹åć«č²«éćć¦ćć¦ćē¬¬ļ¼é»ę„µļ¼ļ¼ćÆéé»ę£ļ¼ļ¼ć«å½ę„ćć¦é»ę°ēć«ę„ē¶ććć¦ćć¦ćē¬¬ļ¼é»ę„µļ¼ļ¼ćÆéé»ę£ļ¼ļ¼ćØę„触ćć¦ććŖćć
é»ę„µćØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćÆäŗćć«ę„触ćć¦ććŖććććé
ē½®ćććć¤č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćé»ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦åē“ę¹åć«é
ē½®ćććē¶ę
ć§ććŖćć¼ćę¶²äøć«ęµøę¼¬ććé»ę„µćØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®éć«é»å§ćå°å ććććØć§ćé»ę°åå¦ēć«é»ę„µć«ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćč£å”«ććć
ę¬ēŗęć«é¢ććéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ćÆććŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³äŗꬔé»ę± ććŖćć¦ć ććŖćć¼é»ę± ćåŗä½ćŖćć¦ć é»ę± ććććŖć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³äŗꬔé»ę± ćććŖćć¼ćććŖć¦ć é»ę± ćåŗä½ćććŖć¦ć é»ę± ććććŖć¦ć āē”«é»é»ę± ēć§ćć£ć¦ćććććć®ćć”ćåé»ę± ć«ćććé»å§ćØ容éć®č¦³ē¹ććććŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³äŗꬔé»ę± ć§ććććØć儽ć¾ććć
ļ¼č©¦éØēµęļ¼ļ¼
ē¬¬äøć®å®ę½å½¢ę ļ¼ę²åćæć¤ćļ¼ć®č©¦éØēµęć«ć¤ćć¦čŖ¬ęććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾1ļ¼
č² ę„µę“»ē©č³ŖćØćć¦ļ¼³ļ½ļ¼ÆćēØććč² ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼¢ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼°ļ¼©ćć¤ć³ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćę··åćć¦ć¹ć©ćŖć¼ē¶ć®åå¤ćčŖæč£½ććåćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ē®äø”é¢äøć«å”åøć»ä¹¾ē„å¾ććć¼ć«ćć¬ć¹ę©ć«ćććć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ē®ļ¼éé»åŗęļ¼ćØå”čļ¼č² ꄵꓻē©č³Ŗ層ļ¼ćØćåÆēę„åćććꬔćć§ćå ē±å¦ēļ¼ęøå§äøćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćļ¼ęé仄äøļ¼ćć¦č² ꄵļ¼ēé¢ć®é»ę„µå®¹éļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ćå¾ćć
ę£ę„µćÆćę£ę„µę“»ē©č³ŖćØćć¦ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼¦ļ½ ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćēØććę£ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼¢ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼°ļ¼©ćć¤ć³ćļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćę··åćć¦ć¹ć©ćŖć¼ē¶ć®åå¤ćčŖæč£½ććåćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ć¢ć«ććć¦ć ē®äø”é¢äøć«å”åøć»ä¹¾ē„å¾ććć¼ć«ćć¬ć¹ę©ć«ćććć¢ć«ććć¦ć ē®ļ¼éé»åŗęļ¼ćØå”čļ¼ę£ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗ層ļ¼ćØćåÆēę„åćććꬔćć§ćå ē±å¦ēļ¼ęøå§äøćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćļ¼ęé仄äøļ¼ćć¦ę£ę„µļ¼ēé¢ć®é»ę„µå®¹éļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ćå¾ćć
ē¬¬äøć®å®ę½å½¢ę ļ¼ę²åćæć¤ćļ¼ć®č©¦éØēµęć«ć¤ćć¦čŖ¬ęććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾1ļ¼
č² ę„µę“»ē©č³ŖćØćć¦ļ¼³ļ½ļ¼ÆćēØććč² ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼¢ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼°ļ¼©ćć¤ć³ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćę··åćć¦ć¹ć©ćŖć¼ē¶ć®åå¤ćčŖæč£½ććåćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ē®äø”é¢äøć«å”åøć»ä¹¾ē„å¾ććć¼ć«ćć¬ć¹ę©ć«ćććć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ē®ļ¼éé»åŗęļ¼ćØå”čļ¼č² ꄵꓻē©č³Ŗ層ļ¼ćØćåÆēę„åćććꬔćć§ćå ē±å¦ēļ¼ęøå§äøćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćļ¼ęé仄äøļ¼ćć¦č² ꄵļ¼ēé¢ć®é»ę„µå®¹éļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ćå¾ćć
ę£ę„µćÆćę£ę„µę“»ē©č³ŖćØćć¦ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼¦ļ½ ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćēØććę£ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼¢ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼°ļ¼©ćć¤ć³ćļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćę··åćć¦ć¹ć©ćŖć¼ē¶ć®åå¤ćčŖæč£½ććåćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ć¢ć«ććć¦ć ē®äø”é¢äøć«å”åøć»ä¹¾ē„å¾ććć¼ć«ćć¬ć¹ę©ć«ćććć¢ć«ććć¦ć ē®ļ¼éé»åŗęļ¼ćØå”čļ¼ę£ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗ層ļ¼ćØćåÆēę„åćććꬔćć§ćå ē±å¦ēļ¼ęøå§äøćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćļ¼ęé仄äøļ¼ćć¦ę£ę„µļ¼ēé¢ć®é»ę„µå®¹éļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ćå¾ćć
č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćÆćč£å”«ęęćØćć¦ļ¼³ļ½ćēØććč£å”«ęęļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ćļ¼”ļ¼¢ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ćļ¼¶ļ¼§ļ¼£ļ¼¦ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ćļ¼°ļ¼©ćć¤ć³ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼
ćę··åćć¦ć¹ć©ćŖć¼ē¶ć®åå¤ćčŖæč£½ććåćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ēŗę³”ćÆćć āććć±ć«åéć«å
唫ć»ä¹¾ē„å¾ććć¼ć«ćć¬ć¹ę©ć«ćććēŗę³”ćÆćć āććć±ć«åéļ¼éé»åŗęļ¼ćØå”čļ¼č£å”«ę層ļ¼ćØćåÆēę„åćććꬔćć§ćå ē±å¦ēļ¼ęøå§äøćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćļ¼ęé仄äøļ¼ććåćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®éå±ćŖćć¦ć ē®ćå§ēććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µļ¼é»ę„µå®¹éļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ćå¾ćććŖććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćÆćę²åä½ć®ęé¢ē©ćććļ¼å仄äøć®č”Øé¢ē©ćęććć
äøčØć§å¾ćććč² ę„µćØę£ę„µćēØććć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćØćć¦åćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ććŖćććć¬ć³äøē¹åøćå
¬ē§°å®¹éē“ļ¼ļ¼”ļ½ć®ę²åä½ćä½č£½ćććå¾ćććę²åä½ć®ę£ę„µåć³č² ꄵćØć«ę„触ćć¦ććŖćććć«č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćę£ę„µé¢ćØč² ę„µé¢ć«ę²æć£ć¦ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćę”ę£ććććć«é
ē½®ļ¼åē“ę¹åļ¼ć«é
ē½®ććęø©åŗ¦ļ¼ļ¼āć®ććŖćć¼ćę¶²äøć«ęµøę¼¬ćććå³ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼ć«ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ć«ćććććŖćć¼ćć®åé»ę„µé
ē½®ćē¤ŗććč² ę„µļ¼ćØę£ę„µļ¼ćØćć®éć«ä»åØćććć»ćć¬ć¼ćæļ¼ćććŖćé»ę„µä½ćććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ļ¼ćęŗććććććŖćć¼ćę§½ļ¼ć«ę²ććåÆ¾ę„µćØćć¦č£å”«ēØé»ę„µļ¼ćććŖćć¼ćę§½ļ¼å
ć«é
ē½®ćććććć¦č£å”«ēØé»ę„µļ¼ćØč² ę„µļ¼ć«čØććč² ę„µćæćļ¼ć®éć«ē“ęµé»ęŗļ¼ćę„ē¶ćć¦ćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µļ¼ććč² ę„µļ¼ć«åćć¦é»ęµćęµććććć«é
ē·ćććććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ļ¼ć®ćŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ćÆč² ę„µļ¼ć«ä¾ēµ¦ćććč² ę„µļ¼ćÆććŖćć¼ćććććäøę¹ćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µļ¼ć®ćŖćć¦ć ćÆććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ļ¼ć«ęŗ¶åŗćć¦ćŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³ćććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ļ¼ć«ä¾ēµ¦ćććꬔć«å³ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼ć«ē¤ŗćććć«ćé
ē·ļ¼ļ¼ćč² ę„µćæćļ¼ććę£ę„µļ¼ć«čØććę£ę„µćæćļ¼ć«å¤ę“ćć¦ćē“ęµé»ęŗļ¼ćę£ę„µļ¼ć«ę„ē¶ććććØć«ćććę£ę„µļ¼ćććŖćć¼ćććććå³ļ¼ć«ććć¦ćććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ļ¼ćęµććé»ęµć®ę¹åćÆćé»ę„µé¢ć«ę²æć£ćę¹åćØćŖć£ć¦ćććć¤ć¾ććē“ęµé»ęŗļ¼ć®ę„µę§ćé»ę„µé¢ć«ę²æć£ćę¹åćØćŖć£ć¦ććć®ć§ćé»ę„µć«ćŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³ćåäøć«ććŖćć¼ććććććØć«ćŖćć
ććŖćć¼ćę¶²ćØćć¦ćÆćć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½ļ¼ćØćć«ć”ćć«ć¤ććć¾ćŖć¦ć ļ¼ćć¹(ćć«ćŖćć¹ć«ććć«)ć¤ććć¢ććŖć³ć«ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ½ć®ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼“ļ¼¦ļ¼³ļ¼©ćęŗ¶č§£ććę¶²ļ¼ćēØććć
č² ę„µćØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØć«ćé»å§ć«ćććŖćļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼¶ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ćé»ęµļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ¼č² ę„µå®¹éć«åƾćć¦0.05Cēļ¼ć®ę”件ć§ļ¼ćµć¤ćÆć«ććč² ę„µćļ¼ļ¼¶ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ć®ē¶ę ćØćŖćććććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ć£ćć
ćć®å¾ćę²åä½ćć¢ć«ććć¦ć ć©ććć¼ćć»ć«ć«å „ććé»č§£ę¶²ćØćć¦ćļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¬ć®ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼°ļ¼¦ ļ¼ ļ¼ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼¤ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ¼ ļ¼ćå ćć¦ćēē©ŗäøć«ć¦å ē±å§ēå°ę¢ććå ¬ē§°å®¹éē“ļ¼ļ¼”ļ½ć®ę²åå¼ć©ććć¼ćć»ć«ćå¾ćć
č² ę„µćØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØć«ćé»å§ć«ćććŖćļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼¶ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ćé»ęµļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ¼č² ę„µå®¹éć«åƾćć¦0.05Cēļ¼ć®ę”件ć§ļ¼ćµć¤ćÆć«ććč² ę„µćļ¼ļ¼¶ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ć®ē¶ę ćØćŖćććććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ć£ćć
ćć®å¾ćę²åä½ćć¢ć«ććć¦ć ć©ććć¼ćć»ć«ć«å „ććé»č§£ę¶²ćØćć¦ćļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¬ć®ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼°ļ¼¦ ļ¼ ļ¼ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼¤ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ¼ ļ¼ćå ćć¦ćēē©ŗäøć«ć¦å ē±å§ēå°ę¢ććå ¬ē§°å®¹éē“ļ¼ļ¼”ļ½ć®ę²åå¼ć©ććć¼ćć»ć«ćå¾ćć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćåćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ććŖćććć¬ć³å¾®å¤åčćä½æēØććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćåćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ć¢ć©ććäøē¹åøćä½æēØććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćććŖćć¼ćę¶²ć®ęø©åŗ¦ćļ¼ļ¼āć«å¤ę“ććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćććŖćć¼ćę¶²ć®ęø©åŗ¦ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć«å¤ę“ććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®č£å”«ęęć«éå±ćŖćć¦ć ćēØććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®č£å”«ęęć«ć°ć©ćć”ć¤ććēØććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®č£å”«ęęć«ļ¼³ļ½ļ¼ÆćēØććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćę£ę„µéé»åŗęć«ććØć³ćć¹å å·„ćę½ććć¢ć«ććć¦ć ē®ćēØććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćÆćč² ę„µéé»åŗęć«ććØć³ćć¹å å·„ćę½ććć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹ē®ćēØććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćåćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ććŖćććć¬ć³å¾®å¤åčćä½æēØććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćåćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ć¢ć©ććäøē¹åøćä½æēØććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćććŖćć¼ćę¶²ć®ęø©åŗ¦ćļ¼ļ¼āć«å¤ę“ććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćććŖćć¼ćę¶²ć®ęø©åŗ¦ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć«å¤ę“ććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®č£å”«ęęć«éå±ćŖćć¦ć ćēØććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®č£å”«ęęć«ć°ć©ćć”ć¤ććēØććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®č£å”«ęęć«ļ¼³ļ½ļ¼ÆćēØććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćÆćę£ę„µéé»åŗęć«ććØć³ćć¹å å·„ćę½ććć¢ć«ććć¦ć ē®ćēØććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćÆćč² ę„µéé»åŗęć«ććØć³ćć¹å å·„ćę½ććć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹ē®ćēØććä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ćÆćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ććŖćć£ćä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ćÆćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®ä½ē½®ććę²åä½ć®ę£ę„µé¢åć³č² ꄵé¢ć«åƾćć¦å¹³č”ć«é ē½®ććē¹ćé¤ćć¦ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ćććå³ļ¼ć«ćęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ć§č”ć£ćććŖćć¼ćć®åé»ę„µé ē½®ćē¤ŗććå³ļ¼ćØē°ćŖććØćććÆćććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ļ¼ćęµććé»ęµć®ę¹åćÆćé»ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦ē“č§ć®ę¹åćØćŖć£ć¦ććććØć§ćććć¤ć¾ććē“ęµé»ęŗļ¼ć®ę„µę§ćé»ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦åē“ę¹åćØćŖć£ć¦ććē¹ć§ććć
ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ćÆćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ććŖćć£ćä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ćÆćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®ä½ē½®ććę²åä½ć®ę£ę„µé¢åć³č² ꄵé¢ć«åƾćć¦å¹³č”ć«é ē½®ććē¹ćé¤ćć¦ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ćććå³ļ¼ć«ćęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ć§č”ć£ćććŖćć¼ćć®åé»ę„µé ē½®ćē¤ŗććå³ļ¼ćØē°ćŖććØćććÆćććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ļ¼ćęµććé»ęµć®ę¹åćÆćé»ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦ē“č§ć®ę¹åćØćŖć£ć¦ććććØć§ćććć¤ć¾ććē“ęµé»ęŗļ¼ć®ę„µę§ćé»ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦åē“ę¹åćØćŖć£ć¦ććē¹ć§ććć
ļ¼å
ę¾é»č©¦éØļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼åć³ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ę²åé»ę± ćļ¼ļ¼āé°å²ę°äøć§ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼£ēå ę¾é»ćļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼¶ć«ćććŖćć®å ę¾é»ę”件ć§é»ę± ćµć¤ćÆć«č©¦éØćč”ć£ććč”Øļ¼ć«é»ę± ć®ćµć¤ćÆć«ē¹ę§ćē¤ŗćć
č”Øļ¼ććęćććŖććć«ćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ć£ćé»ę± ćÆćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćććŖćć£ćé»ę± ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćØęÆć¹ć¦ćåęć®ę¾é»å®¹éć大ććććØćććććć¾ććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®ä½ē½®ććę²åä½ć®ę£ę„µé¢åć³č² ꄵé¢ć«åƾćć¦åē“ć«é ē½®ććććŖćć¼ććč”ć£ćé»ę± ćÆćå¹³č”ć«é ē½®ććé»ę± ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćØęÆć¹ć¦ćåęć®ę¾é»å®¹éć大ććć
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ēµęćććć»ćć¬ć¼ćæć®ę§é ćÆćå¾®å¤åčćććäøē¹åøć§ććććØć§ćåęę¾é»å®¹éćåäøćććå¹ęćććććØćå¤ęććć
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼åć³ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ę²åé»ę± ćļ¼ļ¼āé°å²ę°äøć§ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼£ēå ę¾é»ćļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼¶ć«ćććŖćć®å ę¾é»ę”件ć§é»ę± ćµć¤ćÆć«č©¦éØćč”ć£ććč”Øļ¼ć«é»ę± ć®ćµć¤ćÆć«ē¹ę§ćē¤ŗćć
č”Øļ¼ććęćććŖććć«ćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ć£ćé»ę± ćÆćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćććŖćć£ćé»ę± ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćØęÆć¹ć¦ćåęć®ę¾é»å®¹éć大ććććØćććććć¾ććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®ä½ē½®ććę²åä½ć®ę£ę„µé¢åć³č² ꄵé¢ć«åƾćć¦åē“ć«é ē½®ććććŖćć¼ććč”ć£ćé»ę± ćÆćå¹³č”ć«é ē½®ććé»ę± ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćØęÆć¹ć¦ćåęć®ę¾é»å®¹éć大ććć
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ēµęćććć»ćć¬ć¼ćæć®ę§é ćÆćå¾®å¤åčćććäøē¹åøć§ććććØć§ćåęę¾é»å®¹éćåäøćććå¹ęćććććØćå¤ęććć
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ēµęćććććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ć®ęø©åŗ¦ćÆćļ¼ļ¼ā仄äøć§č”ćććØć§ćåęę¾é»å®¹éćØćµć¤ćÆć«åÆæå½ē¹ę§ćåäøćććå¹ęćććććØćå¤ęććć
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćļ¼ćļ¼ć®ēµęćććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćÆćć°ć©ćć”ć¤ćć§ćÆåä½ćć«ćććć¾ććéå±ćŖćć¦ć ć§ććļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼ÆćēØććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØęÆć¹ććØåęę¾é»å®¹éćØćµć¤ćÆć«åÆæå½ē¹ę§ćååć§ćŖćććććÆćć°ć©ćć”ć¤ććéå±ćŖćć¦ć ććļ¼ļ¼āć®ććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ć§å£åćććććØęØåÆćććć
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ć®ēµęćććę£ę„µććć³č² ꄵć«ēØććććéé»åŗęćÆćē®ē¶ć®ćć®ććććØć³ćć¹å å·„ćę½ććéé»åŗęć§ććććØć§ćåęę¾é»å®¹éćØćµć¤ćÆć«åÆæå½ē¹ę§ćåäøćććå¹ęćććććØćå¤ęććććććÆććØć³ćć¹å å·„ććććØć§ćé»ę„µć®ć¤ćŖć³ééę§ćåäøććåäøć«ććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ććććććØęØåÆćććć
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćļ¼ćļ¼ć®ēµęćććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćÆćć°ć©ćć”ć¤ćć§ćÆåä½ćć«ćććć¾ććéå±ćŖćć¦ć ć§ććļ¼³ļ½ćļ¼³ļ½ļ¼ÆćēØććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØęÆć¹ććØåęę¾é»å®¹éćØćµć¤ćÆć«åÆæå½ē¹ę§ćååć§ćŖćććććÆćć°ć©ćć”ć¤ććéå±ćŖćć¦ć ććļ¼ļ¼āć®ććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ć§å£åćććććØęØåÆćććć
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ćļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ć®ēµęćććę£ę„µććć³č² ꄵć«ēØććććéé»åŗęćÆćē®ē¶ć®ćć®ććććØć³ćć¹å å·„ćę½ććéé»åŗęć§ććććØć§ćåęę¾é»å®¹éćØćµć¤ćÆć«åÆæå½ē¹ę§ćåäøćććå¹ęćććććØćå¤ęććććććÆććØć³ćć¹å å·„ććććØć§ćé»ę„µć®ć¤ćŖć³ééę§ćåäøććåäøć«ććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ććććććØęØåÆćććć
ļ¼č©¦éØēµęļ¼ļ¼
ē¬¬äŗć®å®ę½å½¢ę ļ¼ē©å±¤ćæć¤ćļ¼ć®č©¦éØēµęć«ć¤ćć¦čŖ¬ęććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
č² ę„µę“»ē©č³ŖćØćć¦ļ¼³ļ½ļ¼ÆćēØććč² ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼¢ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼°ļ¼©ćć¤ć³ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćę··åćć¦ć¹ć©ćŖć¼ē¶ć®åå¤ćčŖæč£½ććåćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ē®äø”é¢äøć«å”åøć»ä¹¾ē„å¾ććć¼ć«ćć¬ć¹ę©ć«ćććć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ē®ļ¼éé»åŗęļ¼ćØå”čļ¼č² ꄵꓻē©č³Ŗ層ļ¼ćØćåÆēę„åćććꬔćć§ćå ē±å¦ēļ¼ęøå§äøćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćļ¼ęé仄äøļ¼ćć¦č² ꄵļ¼ēé¢ć®é»ę„µå®¹éļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ćå¾ćć
ę£ę„µćÆćę£ę„µę“»ē©č³ŖćØćć¦ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼¦ļ½ ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćēØććę£ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼¢ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼°ļ¼©ćć¤ć³ćļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćę··åćć¦ć¹ć©ćŖć¼ē¶ć®åå¤ćčŖæč£½ććåćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ć¢ć«ććć¦ć ē®äø”é¢äøć«å”åøć»ä¹¾ē„å¾ććć¼ć«ćć¬ć¹ę©ć«ćććć¢ć«ććć¦ć ē®ļ¼éé»åŗęļ¼ćØå”čļ¼ę£ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗ層ļ¼ćØćåÆēę„åćććꬔćć§ćå ē±å¦ēļ¼ęøå§äøćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćļ¼ęé仄äøļ¼ćć¦ę£ę„µļ¼ēé¢ć®é»ę„µå®¹éļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ćå¾ćć
č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćÆćč£å”«ęęćØćć¦ļ¼³ļ½ćēØććč£å”«ęęļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼¢ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼¶ļ¼§ļ¼£ļ¼¦ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼°ļ¼©ćć¤ć³ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćę··åćć¦ć¹ć©ćŖć¼ē¶ć®åå¤ćčŖæč£½ććåćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ēŗę³”ćÆćć āććć±ć«åéć«å 唫ć»ä¹¾ē„å¾ććć¼ć«ćć¬ć¹ę©ć«ćććēŗę³”ćÆćć āććć±ć«åéļ¼éé»åŗęļ¼ćØå”čļ¼č£å”«ę層ļ¼ćØćåÆēę„åćććꬔćć§ćå ē±å¦ēļ¼ęøå§äøćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćļ¼ęé仄äøļ¼ććåćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®éå±ćŖćć¦ć ē®ćå§ēććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µļ¼é»ę„µå®¹éļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ćå¾ćććŖććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćÆćē©å±¤ä½ć®ęé¢ē©ćććļ¼å仄äøć®č”Øé¢ē©ćęććć
äøčØć§å¾ćććč² ę„µćØę£ę„µćēØććć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćØćć¦åćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ććŖć¤ććäøē¹åøćå ¬ē§°å®¹éē“ļ¼ļ¼”ļ½ć®ę²åä½ćä½č£½ććć
ē¬¬äŗć®å®ę½å½¢ę ļ¼ē©å±¤ćæć¤ćļ¼ć®č©¦éØēµęć«ć¤ćć¦čŖ¬ęććć
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
č² ę„µę“»ē©č³ŖćØćć¦ļ¼³ļ½ļ¼ÆćēØććč² ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼¢ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼°ļ¼©ćć¤ć³ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćę··åćć¦ć¹ć©ćŖć¼ē¶ć®åå¤ćčŖæč£½ććåćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ē®äø”é¢äøć«å”åøć»ä¹¾ē„å¾ććć¼ć«ćć¬ć¹ę©ć«ćććć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ē®ļ¼éé»åŗęļ¼ćØå”čļ¼č² ꄵꓻē©č³Ŗ層ļ¼ćØćåÆēę„åćććꬔćć§ćå ē±å¦ēļ¼ęøå§äøćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćļ¼ęé仄äøļ¼ćć¦č² ꄵļ¼ēé¢ć®é»ę„µå®¹éļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ćå¾ćć
ę£ę„µćÆćę£ę„µę“»ē©č³ŖćØćć¦ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼¦ļ½ ļ¼°ļ¼Æļ¼ćēØććę£ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼¢ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼°ļ¼©ćć¤ć³ćļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćę··åćć¦ć¹ć©ćŖć¼ē¶ć®åå¤ćčŖæč£½ććåćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ć¢ć«ććć¦ć ē®äø”é¢äøć«å”åøć»ä¹¾ē„å¾ććć¼ć«ćć¬ć¹ę©ć«ćććć¢ć«ććć¦ć ē®ļ¼éé»åŗęļ¼ćØå”čļ¼ę£ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗ層ļ¼ćØćåÆēę„åćććꬔćć§ćå ē±å¦ēļ¼ęøå§äøćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćļ¼ęé仄äøļ¼ćć¦ę£ę„µļ¼ēé¢ć®é»ę„µå®¹éļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ćå¾ćć
č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćÆćč£å”«ęęćØćć¦ļ¼³ļ½ćēØććč£å”«ęęļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼”ļ¼¢ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼¶ļ¼§ļ¼£ļ¼¦ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćļ¼°ļ¼©ćć¤ć³ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćę··åćć¦ć¹ć©ćŖć¼ē¶ć®åå¤ćčŖæč£½ććåćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ēŗę³”ćÆćć āććć±ć«åéć«å 唫ć»ä¹¾ē„å¾ććć¼ć«ćć¬ć¹ę©ć«ćććēŗę³”ćÆćć āććć±ć«åéļ¼éé»åŗęļ¼ćØå”čļ¼č£å”«ę層ļ¼ćØćåÆēę„åćććꬔćć§ćå ē±å¦ēļ¼ęøå§äøćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćļ¼ęé仄äøļ¼ććåćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®éå±ćŖćć¦ć ē®ćå§ēććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µļ¼é»ę„µå®¹éļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ½ļ¼ļ½ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ćå¾ćććŖććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćÆćē©å±¤ä½ć®ęé¢ē©ćććļ¼å仄äøć®č”Øé¢ē©ćęććć
äøčØć§å¾ćććč² ę„µćØę£ę„µćēØććć»ćć¬ć¼ćæćØćć¦åćļ¼ļ¼Ī¼ļ½ć®ććŖć¤ććäøē¹åøćå ¬ē§°å®¹éē“ļ¼ļ¼”ļ½ć®ę²åä½ćä½č£½ććć
å¾ćććē©å±¤ä½ć®ę£ę„µåć³č² ꄵćØć«ę„触ćć¦ććŖćććć«č£å”«ēØé»ę„µćę£ę„µé¢ćØč² ę„µé¢ć«ę²æć£ć¦ć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćę”ę£ććććć«é
ē½®ļ¼åē“ę¹åļ¼ć«é
ē½®ććęø©åŗ¦ļ¼ļ¼āć®ććŖćć¼ćę¶²äøć«ęµøę¼¬ćććå³ļ¼ć«ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ć§č”ć£ćććŖćć¼ćć®åé»ę„µé
ē½®ćē¤ŗććåä½ć«ć¤ćć¦ćÆå³ļ¼ćØåćć§ććć®ć§ēē„ćććå³ļ¼ćØåę§ćććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ļ¼ćęµććé»ęµć®ę¹åćÆćé»ę„µé¢ć«ę²æć£ćę¹åćØćŖć£ć¦ćććć¤ć¾ććē“ęµé»ęŗļ¼ć®ę„µę§ćé»ę„µé¢ć«ę²æć£ćę¹åćØćŖć£ć¦ććć
ććŖćć¼ćę¶²ćØćć¦ćÆćęę©é»č§£ę¶²ļ¼ļ¼°ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼¤ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼ć«ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¬ć®ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼°ļ¼¦ļ¼ćęŗ¶č§£ććę¶²ļ¼ćēØććć
ę£ę„µćØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØć«ćé»å§ć«ćććŖćļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼¶ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ćé»ęµļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ¼č² ę„µå®¹éć«åƾćć¦ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼£ēļ¼ć®ę”件ć§ļ¼ćµć¤ćÆć«ććč² ę„µćļ¼ļ¼¶ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ć®ē¶ę ćØćŖćććććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ć£ćć
ćć®å¾ćę²åä½ćć¢ć«ććć¦ć ć©ććć¼ćć»ć«ć«å „ććé»č§£ę¶²ćØćć¦ćļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¬ć®ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼°ļ¼¦ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼¤ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ¼ ļ¼ćå ćć¦ćēē©ŗäøć«ć¦å ē±å§ēå°ę¢ććå ¬ē§°å®¹éē“ļ¼ļ¼”ļ½ć®ē©å±¤å¼ć©ććć¼ćć»ć«ćå¾ćć
ććŖćć¼ćę¶²ćØćć¦ćÆćęę©é»č§£ę¶²ļ¼ļ¼°ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼¤ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼ ļ¼ć«ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¬ć®ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼°ļ¼¦ļ¼ćęŗ¶č§£ććę¶²ļ¼ćēØććć
ę£ę„µćØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µćØć«ćé»å§ć«ćććŖćļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼¶ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ćé»ęµļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ¼”ļ¼č² ę„µå®¹éć«åƾćć¦ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼£ēļ¼ć®ę”件ć§ļ¼ćµć¤ćÆć«ććč² ę„µćļ¼ļ¼¶ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ ļ¼ ļ¼ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼ć®ē¶ę ćØćŖćććććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ć£ćć
ćć®å¾ćę²åä½ćć¢ć«ććć¦ć ć©ććć¼ćć»ć«ć«å „ććé»č§£ę¶²ćØćć¦ćļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ¼ļ¼¬ć®ļ¼¬ļ½ļ¼°ļ¼¦ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼¤ļ¼„ļ¼£ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ¼ ļ¼ćå ćć¦ćēē©ŗäøć«ć¦å ē±å§ēå°ę¢ććå ¬ē§°å®¹éē“ļ¼ļ¼”ļ½ć®ē©å±¤å¼ć©ććć¼ćć»ć«ćå¾ćć
ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ćÆćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ććŖćć£ćä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ćÆćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®ä½ē½®ććē©å±¤ä½ć®ę£ę„µé¢åć³č² ꄵé¢ć«åƾćć¦å¹³č”ć«é ē½®ććä»å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ćććå³ļ¼ć«ćęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ć§č”ć£ćććŖćć¼ćć®åé»ę„µé ē½®ćē¤ŗććå³ļ¼ćØē°ćŖććØćććÆćććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ļ¼ćęµććé»ęµć®ę¹åćÆćé»ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦ē“č§ć®ę¹åćØćŖć£ć¦ććććØć§ćććć¤ć¾ććē“ęµé»ęŗļ¼ć®ę„µę§ćé»ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦åē“ę¹åćØćŖć£ć¦ććē¹ć§ććć
ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ćÆćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ććŖćć£ćä»ćå®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ććć
ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼
ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ćÆćč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®ä½ē½®ććē©å±¤ä½ć®ę£ę„µé¢åć³č² ꄵé¢ć«åƾćć¦å¹³č”ć«é ē½®ććä»å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćØåę§ć§ćććå³ļ¼ć«ćęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ć§č”ć£ćććŖćć¼ćć®åé»ę„µé ē½®ćē¤ŗććå³ļ¼ćØē°ćŖććØćććÆćććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ļ¼ćęµććé»ęµć®ę¹åćÆćé»ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦ē“č§ć®ę¹åćØćŖć£ć¦ććććØć§ćććć¤ć¾ććē“ęµé»ęŗļ¼ć®ę„µę§ćé»ę„µé¢ć«åƾćć¦åē“ę¹åćØćŖć£ć¦ććē¹ć§ććć
ļ¼å
ę¾é»č©¦éØļ¼
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ē©å±¤é»ę± ćļ¼ļ¼āé°å²ę°äøć§ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼£ēå ę¾é»ćļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼¶ć«ćććŖćć®å ę¾é»ę”件ć§é»ę± ćµć¤ćÆć«č©¦éØćč”ć£ććč”Øļ¼ć«é»ę± ć®ćµć¤ćÆć«ē¹ę§ćē¤ŗćć
č”Øļ¼ććęćććŖććć«ćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ć£ćé»ę± ćÆćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćććŖćć£ćé»ę± ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćØęÆć¹ć¦ćåęć®ę¾é»å®¹éć大ććććØćććććć¾ććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®ä½ē½®ććē©å±¤ä½ć®ę£ę„µé¢åć³č² ꄵé¢ć«åƾćć¦åē“ć«é ē½®ććććŖćć¼ććč”ć£ćé»ę± ćÆćå¹³č”ć«é ē½®ććé»ę± ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćØęÆć¹ć¦ćåęć®ę¾é»å®¹éć大ććć
å®ę½ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ē©å±¤é»ę± ćļ¼ļ¼āé°å²ę°äøć§ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼£ēå ę¾é»ćļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼¶ć«ćććŖćć®å ę¾é»ę”件ć§é»ę± ćµć¤ćÆć«č©¦éØćč”ć£ććč”Øļ¼ć«é»ę± ć®ćµć¤ćÆć«ē¹ę§ćē¤ŗćć
č”Øļ¼ććęćććŖććć«ćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćč”ć£ćé»ę± ćÆćććŖćć¼ćå¦ēćććŖćć£ćé»ę± ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćØęÆć¹ć¦ćåęć®ę¾é»å®¹éć大ććććØćććććć¾ććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®ä½ē½®ććē©å±¤ä½ć®ę£ę„µé¢åć³č² ꄵé¢ć«åƾćć¦åē“ć«é ē½®ććććŖćć¼ććč”ć£ćé»ę± ćÆćå¹³č”ć«é ē½®ććé»ę± ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćØęÆć¹ć¦ćåęć®ę¾é»å®¹éć大ććć
ę¬ēŗęć«ććå¾ćććéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ćÆćä¾ćć°ćē§»åä½éäæ”ę©åØćęŗåøÆēØé»åę©åØćé»åčŖč»¢č»ćé»åäŗč¼Ŗč»ćé»ę°čŖåč»ēć®äø»é»ęŗēć®ēØéć«å©ēØććććØćåÆč½ć§ććć
ļ¼ ę£ę„µ
ļ¼ č² ę„µ
ļ¼ ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæ
ļ¼ č£å”«ēØé»ę„µ
ļ¼ ććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²
ļ¼ ę£ę„µćæć
ļ¼ č² ę„µćæć
ļ¼ ē“ęµé»ęŗ
ļ¼ ććŖćć¼ćę§½
ļ¼ļ¼ é ē·
ļ¼ļ¼ ę²åé»ę±
ļ¼ļ¼ é»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹
ļ¼ļ¼ ę£ę„µ
ļ¼ļ¼ č² ę„µ
ļ¼ļ¼ ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæ
ļ¼ļ¼ ćć£ćć
ļ¼ļ¼ å°å£ęæ
ļ¼ļ¼ ē©å±¤é»ę±
ļ¼ļ¼ å¤č£ ä½
ļ¼ļ¼ ē¬¬ļ¼é»ę„µ
ļ¼ļ¼ ē¬¬ļ¼é»ę„µ
ļ¼ļ¼ ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæ
ļ¼ļ¼ éé»ę£
ļ¼ č² ę„µ
ļ¼ ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæ
ļ¼ č£å”«ēØé»ę„µ
ļ¼ ććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²
ļ¼ ę£ę„µćæć
ļ¼ č² ę„µćæć
ļ¼ ē“ęµé»ęŗ
ļ¼ ććŖćć¼ćę§½
ļ¼ļ¼ é ē·
ļ¼ļ¼ ę²åé»ę±
ļ¼ļ¼ é»ę± ć±ć¼ć¹
ļ¼ļ¼ ę£ę„µ
ļ¼ļ¼ č² ę„µ
ļ¼ļ¼ ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæ
ļ¼ļ¼ ćć£ćć
ļ¼ļ¼ å°å£ęæ
ļ¼ļ¼ ē©å±¤é»ę±
ļ¼ļ¼ å¤č£ ä½
ļ¼ļ¼ ē¬¬ļ¼é»ę„µ
ļ¼ļ¼ ē¬¬ļ¼é»ę„µ
ļ¼ļ¼ ć»ćć¬ć¼ćæ
ļ¼ļ¼ éé»ę£
Claims (10)
- ę£ę„µćØč² ę„µćęććéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć§ćć£ć¦ć åčØę£ę„µåć³åčØč² ę„µćØć«ę„触ćć¦ććŖćććé ē½®ćććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ęŗćęććč£å”«ēØé»ę„µććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±ć¤ćŖć³ćęŗ¶åŗććććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ć«ęµøę¼¬ććććć«é ē½®ćć¦ć åčØę£ę„µć¾ććÆåčØč² ę„µć®ććććäøę¹ć®é»ę± é»ę„µćØåčØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®éć«ē“ęµé»ęŗćę„ē¶ćć¦ćåčØē“ęµé»ęŗć«ććé»ēć®ę¹åćåčØé»ę± é»ę„µć®é»ę„µé¢ć®ę¹åćØåćć§ććéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć
- åčØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®é»ę„µå®¹éćåčØé»ę„µć®é»ę„µå®¹éććć大ćććåčØč£å”«ēØé»ę„µć®č”Øé¢ē©ćåčØé»ę„µć®ęé¢ē©ććć大ććč«ę±é ļ¼ć«čØč¼ć®éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć
- åčØććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ććļ¼ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć§ććč«ę±é ļ¼ć¾ććÆč«ę±é ļ¼ć®ććććäøé ć«čØč¼ć®éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć
- č«ę±é ļ¼ćļ¼ććććäøé ć«čØč¼ć®ććŖćć¼ćć®å¾ćåčØę£ę„µćØåčØč² ę„µćØć®éć§å ę¾é»ćč”ćå·„ēØćęććéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć
- åčØććŖćć¼ćēØę¶²ććć¢ć«ć«ćŖéå±å”©ćå«ćć¤ćŖć³ę§ę¶²ä½ć§ććč«ę±é ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ććććäøé ć«čØč¼ć®éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć
- åčØč² ę„µććļ¼³ļ½ć¾ććÆļ¼³ļ½ć®å ē“ ćå«ćéå±ćåéććććÆååē©ćēØććč² ę„µć§ććč«ę±é ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ććććäøé ć«čØč¼ć®éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć
- éé»åŗęćé¼ć¾ććÆć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹é¼ćēØććęęć§ę§ęćććč«ę±é ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ććććć«čØč¼ć®éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć
- åčØę£ę„µć¾ććÆåčØč² ę„µććčē±ę§ćęććē±ē”¬åę§ęعčććć¤ć³ćć«ēØććé»ę„µć§ćć£ć¦ćåčØę£ę„µć¾ććÆåčØč² ę„µć«å«ęćććę“»ē©č³Ŗććć¤ć³ććå°é»å©å¤ć®åčØćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ ćØććå “åćåčØćć¤ć³ććļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼č³Ŗéļ¼ å«ęććć¦ććč«ę±é ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ććććäøé ć«čØč¼ć®éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć
- äøčØč«ę±é ļ¼ćļ¼ć«čØč¼ć®éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć«ććå¾ćććéę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć
- č«ę±é ļ¼ć«čØč¼ć®éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ćēØććé»ę°ę©åØć
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013228850A JP6278385B2 (ja) | 2013-11-02 | 2013-11-02 | éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³åć³ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć«ććå¾ćććé»ę± |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013228850A JP6278385B2 (ja) | 2013-11-02 | 2013-11-02 | éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³åć³ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć«ććå¾ćććé»ę± |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2015088437A JP2015088437A (ja) | 2015-05-07 |
JP2015088437A5 true JP2015088437A5 (ja) | 2016-12-08 |
JP6278385B2 JP6278385B2 (ja) | 2018-02-14 |
Family
ID=53050981
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013228850A Active JP6278385B2 (ja) | 2013-11-02 | 2013-11-02 | éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³åć³ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć«ććå¾ćććé»ę± |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP6278385B2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2016027562A (ja) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-02-18 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾åå°ä½ćØćć«ć®ć¼ē ē©¶ę | äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ä½č£½ę¹ę³åć³č£½é č£ ē½® |
EP3496188B1 (en) | 2017-12-08 | 2021-03-31 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing sulfide solid-state battery |
JP6996414B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-08 | 2022-01-17 | ććØćæčŖåč»ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | ē”«åē©åŗä½é»ę± ć®č£½é ę¹ę³ |
US10840558B2 (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2020-11-17 | Licap New Energy Technology (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. | Lithiation of electrodes for cylindrical energy storage devices and method of making same |
US11955637B2 (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2024-04-09 | Attaccato Limited Liability Company | Electrode for non-aqueous electrolyte battery and non-aqueous electrolyte battery |
CN109698323B (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-03-22 | ę±č天ååØč½ęéå ¬åø | äøē§ēØäŗéē¦»åēµę± ēé¢éåč“ęęęåå ¶å¶å¤ę¹ę³ |
JPWO2021075440A1 (ja) | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-22 | ||
US11329264B2 (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2022-05-10 | Licap Technologies, Inc. | Method of lithiation electrodes for energy storage devices |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4928824B2 (ja) * | 2006-05-02 | 2012-05-09 | ļ¼¦ļ½ļ½ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | ćŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³čé»ē“ åć®č£½é ę¹ę³ |
JP4779985B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-07 | 2011-09-28 | ććØćæčŖåč»ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | äŗåćć¼ćåćŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³é»ę± ćććć³ćŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³é»ę± ć®č£½é ę¹ę³ |
JP2009200302A (ja) * | 2008-02-22 | 2009-09-03 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | čé»ććć¤ć¹ć®č£½é ę¹ę³ććć³čé»ććć¤ć¹ |
JP2011077156A (ja) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-14 | Nissin Electric Co Ltd | čé»ććć¤ć¹ |
JP2012212629A (ja) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-11-01 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | ćŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³čé»ććć¤ć¹ć®č£½é ę¹ę³ |
-
2013
- 2013-11-02 JP JP2013228850A patent/JP6278385B2/ja active Active
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CA3139803C (en) | Rechargeable battery cell | |
JP6278385B2 (ja) | éę°“ē³»äŗꬔé»ę± ć®ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³åć³ććŖćć¼ćę¹ę³ć«ććå¾ćććé»ę± | |
CA2555637C (en) | Protected active metal electrode and battery cell structures with non-aqueous interlayer architecture | |
JP6128403B2 (ja) | ćŖćć¦ć äŗꬔé»ę± | |
JP5797993B2 (ja) | éę°“é»č§£č³Ŗäŗꬔé»ę± | |
JP2015088437A5 (ja) | ||
JP5621416B2 (ja) | éå±ē©ŗę°é»ę± ēØēŗé»č¦ē“ åć³ćć®č£½é ę¹ę³ćäø¦ć³ć«éå±ē©ŗę°é»ę± | |
JP5277225B2 (ja) | ćŖćć¦ć é»ę± ēØé»č§£ę¶²ććććå«ććŖćć¦ć é»ę± åć³ćŖćć¦ć é»ę± ć®ä½åę¹ę³ | |
JP6218413B2 (ja) | ćć¬ćć¼ćå¤ććććēØććčé»ććć¤ć¹åć³ćć®č£½é ę¹ę³ | |
JP5987692B2 (ja) | čé»ććć¤ć¹ | |
CN115799601A (zh) | éē¦»åēµę± | |
JP2013084566A (ja) | éę°“é»č§£č³Ŗäŗꬔé»ę± | |
JP5151329B2 (ja) | ę£ę„µä½ććć³ćććēØćććŖćć¦ć äŗꬔé»ę± | |
CN113087856A (zh) | ēØäŗå½¢ęåč¶ēµč§£č“Øēåč¶åčÆååå ¶ēøå ³ę¹ę³ | |
CN112448047A (zh) | é¢éåēµęēę¹ę³ | |
US11626591B2 (en) | Silicon-containing electrochemical cells and methods of making the same | |
CN112397768A (zh) | äøē§ę°åäŗꬔēµę± åå ¶å¶å¤ę¹ę³ | |
JP2014096238A (ja) | čé»ććć¤ć¹ēØę£ę„µć®č£½é ę¹ę³ćåć³ę£ę„µ | |
JP6163613B2 (ja) | ćŖćć¦ć äŗꬔé»ę± | |
JP2013084449A (ja) | ę£ę„µę“»ē©č³ŖććććēØćććŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³äŗꬔé»ę± ćåć³ę£ę„µę“»ē©č³Ŗć®č£½é ę¹ę³ | |
CN112952184A (zh) | ä½æēØēµč§£č“Øéåéå±é³ęēę¹ę³ | |
CN109962231B (zh) | éå±ē®ęēØä½é§ē¦»åäŗꬔēµę± č“ęåé§ē¦»åäŗꬔēµę± åå ¶å¶å¤ę¹ę³ | |
CN102195073A (zh) | éę°“ę§ēµč§£č“Øēµę± | |
JP5601549B2 (ja) | éę°“é»č§£ę¶²ććć³ćć®å©ēØ | |
JP6656370B2 (ja) | ćŖćć¦ć ć¤ćŖć³äŗꬔé»ę± ććć³ēµé»ę± |