JP2015069789A - リチウム一次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム一次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015069789A JP2015069789A JP2013202124A JP2013202124A JP2015069789A JP 2015069789 A JP2015069789 A JP 2015069789A JP 2013202124 A JP2013202124 A JP 2013202124A JP 2013202124 A JP2013202124 A JP 2013202124A JP 2015069789 A JP2015069789 A JP 2015069789A
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- negative electrode
- lithium
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002388 carbon-based active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005001 laminate film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBDMJGHBCPNRGF-UHFFFAOYSA-M [OH-].[Li+].[O-2].[Mn+2] Chemical compound [OH-].[Li+].[O-2].[Mn+2] FBDMJGHBCPNRGF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/06—Electrodes for primary cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
- H01M4/382—Lithium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/40—Alloys based on alkali metals
- H01M4/405—Alloys based on lithium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/502—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese for non-aqueous cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/16—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/50—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance, e.g. for maintaining operating temperature
- H01M6/5005—Auxiliary electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
前記正極は、リチウムイオンの吸蔵が可能な正極活物質を含む正極材料をシート状の集電体表面に塗布してなり、
前記負極は、表裏を貫通する孔が形成されたシート状の集電体の一主面側にリチウムイオンの吸蔵と離脱が可能な炭素活物質を含む負極材料が塗布されるとともに、当該集電体の他方の面側にリチウム金属あるいはリチウム合金からなる負極活物質が貼着されてなるリチウム一次電池である。その他の発明は、前記正極活物質が二酸化マンガンであるリチウム一次電池である。
図1は本発明の実施例に係るリチウム一次電池1の構造を示す図である。図1(A)はその外観を示す図であり、(B)は内部構造を示す図であり、(A)におけるa−a矢視断面を模式的に示している。例示したリチウム一次電池1は、(A)に示したように、ラミネートフィルムの外装体11内に正極、負極および電解液からなる発電要素が封入されているとともに、外装体11の外側に、内部の正極と負極のそれぞれに接続されて外部の負荷に電力を供給するための正極と負極のそれぞれの端子板(12、13)を導出させた構造(以下、完全密閉構造とも言う)を有している。
上記実施形態に係るリチウム一次電池1の性能を確認するために、上記構成のリチウム一次電池(実施例とも言う)1をサンプルとして作製した。ここでは、各種リチウム一次電池の中でも3.0Vの公称電圧が得られ、耐衝撃性に優れた二酸化マンガンリチウム電池をサンプルとして作製した。サンプルの製造手順としては、まず、正極活物質となる電解二酸化マンガン(EMD)、導電材となる炭素材料、およびフッ素系バインダーをそれぞれ93wt%、3wt%、および4wt%の割合で混合したものを純水によりスラリー状にして正極材料22とした。ついで、その正極材料22をエキスパンドメタルからなる正極集電体21の両面に塗布して圧着することで正極20を作製した。また、正極集電体21に正極端子板12を溶接などによって接続した。
<大電流放電特性>
上述した実施例1および比較例に係るサンプルについて、−20℃の温度環境下で低負荷パルス放電試験を行い、低温環境下での大電流放電特性を調べた。パルス放電試験は、サンプルであるリチウム一次電池に負荷を接続して100mAの電流で1秒間放電させた後5秒間放電を休止させる1サイクル分の動作を3サイクル連続させることで行った。そして、図2に示したように、各サイクルにおいて負荷を掛ける前の開路電圧V1と各サイクルにおいて負荷をかけているときの閉路電圧の最低値V2を測定し、その差ΔV=(V1−V2)を試験結果とした。
各サンプルA〜Cについて、−20℃の温度環境下での内部抵抗IRを交流法(周波数1KHz)により測定した。図4に各サンプルにおける内部抵抗IRを示した。図4ではサンプルAとBの内部抵抗IRをサンプルCの内部抵抗IRを100%としたときの相対値で示している。ここに示したように、実施例1のサンプルAとBの内部抵抗IRは、比較例のサンプルCに対して60%以下であった。またサンプルAとBでは内部抵抗IRに大きな差は見られなかったが、負極活物質の平均粒径が小さいサンプルBの方が僅かに内部抵抗IRが小さかった。
当然のことではあるが、本発明は、その要旨を越えない限り、上記実施例に限定されるものではない。例えば、正極活物質の種類や電解液の組成などは従来のリチウム一次電池と同様のものを採用することが可能である。リチウム一次電池の構造も上記の完全密閉型に限らず、外装体が電極端子を兼ねる周知のコイン型、インサイドアウト型、スパイラル型などであってもよい。構造や構成は用途に応じて適宜なものを採用すればよい。いずれにしても、表裏を貫通する孔の開いた集電体の一方の面にリチウムイオンの吸蔵と離脱が可能な炭素材料が配置され、他方の面にリチウムイオンの起源となるリチウム金属やリチウム合金が配置された負極構造を備えていればよい。
13 負極端子板、20 正極、21 正極集電子、22 正極材料、30 負極、
31 負極集電子、32 負極材料、33 リチウム金属、40 セパレータ
Claims (2)
- シート状の正極とシート状の負極がセパレータを介して対向配置されてなる電極体を非水系有機電解液とともに外装体内に封入してなるリチウム一次電池であって、
前記正極は、リチウムイオンの吸蔵が可能な正極活物質を含む正極材料をシート状の集電体表面に塗布してなり、
前記負極は、表裏を貫通する孔が形成されたシート状の集電体の一主面側にリチウムイオンの吸蔵と離脱が可能な炭素活物質を含む負極材料が塗布されるとともに、当該集電体の他方の面側にリチウム金属あるいはリチウム合金からなる負極活物質が貼着されてなる、
ことを特徴とするリチウム一次電池。 - 前記正極活物質は二酸化マンガンであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム一次電池。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013202124A JP6190682B2 (ja) | 2013-09-27 | 2013-09-27 | リチウム一次電池 |
PCT/JP2014/075425 WO2015046329A1 (ja) | 2013-09-27 | 2014-09-25 | リチウム一次電池 |
US15/022,089 US9711788B2 (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2014-09-25 | Primary lithium battery |
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JP2013202124A JP6190682B2 (ja) | 2013-09-27 | 2013-09-27 | リチウム一次電池 |
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JP2015069789A true JP2015069789A (ja) | 2015-04-13 |
JP6190682B2 JP6190682B2 (ja) | 2017-08-30 |
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JP6471007B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-09 | 2019-02-13 | Fdk株式会社 | リチウム一次電池 |
US10707531B1 (en) | 2016-09-27 | 2020-07-07 | New Dominion Enterprises Inc. | All-inorganic solvents for electrolytes |
US10615408B1 (en) | 2018-02-23 | 2020-04-07 | Government Of The United States, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Hybrid primary lithium battery |
CN112436160A (zh) * | 2020-12-05 | 2021-03-02 | 隆能科技(南通)有限公司 | 一种超低温高容量一次锂电池及其制备方法 |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006057110A1 (ja) * | 2004-11-26 | 2006-06-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | リチウム一次電池およびその製造法 |
JP2009099466A (ja) * | 2007-10-18 | 2009-05-07 | Panasonic Corp | 非水電解液電池およびその製造方法 |
JP2009123549A (ja) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-06-04 | Panasonic Corp | リチウム一次電池 |
JP2009224102A (ja) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-10-01 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 扁平型電池 |
JP2009266392A (ja) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-11-12 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | リチウム一次電池 |
JP2009277650A (ja) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-11-26 | Panasonic Corp | リチウム一次電池用負極およびリチウム一次電池 |
JP2010086733A (ja) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-15 | Panasonic Corp | 非水電解液リチウム一次電池 |
JP2010086737A (ja) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-15 | Panasonic Corp | 非水電解液電池 |
JP2010165498A (ja) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-29 | Panasonic Corp | リチウム一次電池 |
JP2011091034A (ja) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-05-06 | Panasonic Corp | リチウム一次電池 |
-
2013
- 2013-09-27 JP JP2013202124A patent/JP6190682B2/ja active Active
-
2014
- 2014-09-25 US US15/022,089 patent/US9711788B2/en active Active
- 2014-09-25 WO PCT/JP2014/075425 patent/WO2015046329A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006057110A1 (ja) * | 2004-11-26 | 2006-06-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | リチウム一次電池およびその製造法 |
JP2009099466A (ja) * | 2007-10-18 | 2009-05-07 | Panasonic Corp | 非水電解液電池およびその製造方法 |
JP2009123549A (ja) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-06-04 | Panasonic Corp | リチウム一次電池 |
JP2009224102A (ja) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-10-01 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 扁平型電池 |
JP2009277650A (ja) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-11-26 | Panasonic Corp | リチウム一次電池用負極およびリチウム一次電池 |
JP2009266392A (ja) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-11-12 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | リチウム一次電池 |
JP2010086733A (ja) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-15 | Panasonic Corp | 非水電解液リチウム一次電池 |
JP2010086737A (ja) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-15 | Panasonic Corp | 非水電解液電池 |
JP2010165498A (ja) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-29 | Panasonic Corp | リチウム一次電池 |
JP2011091034A (ja) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-05-06 | Panasonic Corp | リチウム一次電池 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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US9711788B2 (en) | 2017-07-18 |
WO2015046329A1 (ja) | 2015-04-02 |
US20160226063A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 |
JP6190682B2 (ja) | 2017-08-30 |
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