JP2014522309A - 電気化学セルを用いる廃水の効率的な処理 - Google Patents
電気化学セルを用いる廃水の効率的な処理 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014522309A JP2014522309A JP2014513870A JP2014513870A JP2014522309A JP 2014522309 A JP2014522309 A JP 2014522309A JP 2014513870 A JP2014513870 A JP 2014513870A JP 2014513870 A JP2014513870 A JP 2014513870A JP 2014522309 A JP2014522309 A JP 2014522309A
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- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
H2O→OH* 吸着+H++e−
(h+)空格子点+H2O→(OH*)吸着+H++e−
R+[OH*ラジカル/O*化学種/中間体]吸着
→無機質化生成物[CO2+塩など]+nH++ne−
4NH3+3O2→2N2+6H2O
NH3/NH4+OH*→N2+H2O+H++e−
そして廃水がアルカリ性である場合には、遊離塩素による除去
HOCl+2/3NH3→1/3N2+H2O+H++Cl−
NH3/NH4+HOCl/OCl−→N2+H2O+H++Cl−
H2S→So+2H++2e−
ヒドロキシルラジカルおよび酸素による酸化
ヒドロキシルラジカルによる酸化、例えば、Mn+OH*→Mn−1+OH−
または酸素での酸化、例えば、
2Fe2++1/2O2+5H2O→2Fe(OH)3↓+4H+
Mn2++1/2O2+H2O→MnO2↓+2H+
Claims (21)
- 陽極触媒層を含み、そして前記陽極触媒層が陽極触媒を含む陽極と、陰極触媒層を含み、そして前記陰極触媒層が陰極触媒を含む陰極とを含む固体ポリマー電解質電解セルであって、前記陰極が液体電解質を含まず、そして固体ポリマー膜電解質が前記陽極と前記陰極とを分離する電解セルを提供する工程と;
汚染物質を含む廃水のフローを、前記電気化学セルの前記陽極に供給する工程と;
前記陽極が前記陰極に対してプラスである前記電解セルに約3ボルト未満の電圧を提供する工程と;
前記電解セルを、ある運転温度および約20mA/cm2未満の電流密度で運転し、それによって前記汚染物質を分解し、そして水素ガスを前記陰極で発生させる工程と;
発生水素ガスを前記陰極から排出する工程と
を含む汚染廃水のエネルギー効率的な処理方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記電解セルを約10mA/cm2未満の電流密度で運転する工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、廃水の前記フローを、支持電解質の添加なしで前記陽極に供給する工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記電解セルを約3〜95℃の範囲の運転温度で運転する工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記陽極と前記陰極との間の間隔が約30マイクロメートル未満であることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記陽極触媒が、白金、酸化スズ、酸化アンチモンスズ、ニオブドープ酸化アンチモンスズ、黒鉛、および酸化マンガンから成る群から選択されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記陰極触媒が、白金、酸化マンガン、黒鉛、および炭素から成る群から選択されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記陽極が、流体分配層および前記陽極触媒層と前記流体分配層との間の微孔性副層を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記陽極が、ニオブ網およびタングステン細目網を含む流体分配層を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記陰極が、ガス拡散層と、前記陰極触媒層と前記ガス拡散層との間の微孔性副層とを含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記陽極触媒層が、280m2/gよりも大きい表面積を有する炭素または黒鉛粒子を更に含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記陽極触媒層が、45ミクロン未満の粒度を有するTa、Nb、またはTiC粒子を更に含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記汚染物質が有機的であることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項13に記載の方法において、前記汚染物質が、Acid Blue染料、フェノール、アセトアミノフェン、ギ酸、イブプロフェンまたはKraft廃液であることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記陰極で生成した排出発生水素ガスを回収する工程と、前記水素ガスを電気に変換し戻す工程とを含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、電気化学的還元、吸着、遷移金属と接触させることによる分解、塩との反応、化学的還元剤との反応、有機物質との反応、酸化還元フィルターと接触させることによる分解、露光による分解、および加熱による分解からなる群から選択される遊離塩素を除去するための後処理工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記廃水のpHを約2よりも大きいように制御すること、前記陽極流体デリバリー層での前記アイオノマー濃度を増加させること、前記陽極触媒層での前記アイオノマー濃度を増加させること、および遊離塩素の分解を触媒する材料を前記陽極へ組み込むことからなる群から選択される塩素の形成を防ぐための工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、インサイチュイオン交換、クリーニング液での前記陰極のパージング、および定電位クリーニングからなる群から選択されるクリーニング工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 固体ポリマー電解質電解セルを含む廃水処理のためのシステムであって、前記システムおよび前記電解セルが請求項1に記載の方法に従って動作するように配置構成されるシステム。
- 請求項19に記載のシステムにおいて、前記陰極が液体陰極液も液体支持電解質も含まないことを特徴とするシステム。
- 請求項19に記載のシステムにおいて、1よりも大きい電解セルをスタック配置、直列または並列配置で含むことを特徴とするシステム。
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JP2020517420A (ja) * | 2017-04-20 | 2020-06-18 | アクシン ウォーター テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッドAxine Water Technologies Inc. | 電気的保護を改善した廃水処理用の電気化学セル |
JP7093362B2 (ja) | 2017-04-20 | 2022-06-29 | アクシン ウォーター テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド | 電気的保護を改善した廃水処理用の電気化学セル |
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