JP2014521789A - 下降流反応装置におけるパラフィン系ナフサの流動接触分解 - Google Patents
下降流反応装置におけるパラフィン系ナフサの流動接触分解 Download PDFInfo
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- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G35/00—Reforming naphtha
- C10G35/04—Catalytic reforming
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/14—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts
- C10G11/18—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/14—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts
- C10G11/18—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
- C10G11/182—Regeneration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
- C10G2300/104—Light gasoline having a boiling range of about 20 - 100 °C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
- C10G2300/1044—Heavy gasoline or naphtha having a boiling range of about 100 - 180 °C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
- C10G2300/301—Boiling range
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4093—Catalyst stripping
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/70—Catalyst aspects
- C10G2300/708—Coking aspect, coke content and composition of deposits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/02—Gasoline
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/20—C2-C4 olefins
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Abstract
Description
本願は、その内容がそのまま本明細書にて引用される、2011年7月27日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/512167号の利益を主張する。
本発明は、パラフィン供給ストリームを接触分解させ、低級オレフィンの生成、特にプロピレンの生成を最適化するプロセスに関する。
歴史的には、原油処理単位から由来の直留軽質ナフサ(LSRN)は流動接触分解(FCC)ユニットにて分解された。重質ナフサは芳香族系ガソリンを生成するための改質装置の原料として使用され、そのプロセスは現在でも実施されている。アモルファス触媒および濃密相分解がFCC操作の一部を構成した。LSRNはガス、ガソリンおよびコークスに変換された。LSRNの変換は、操作条件に応じて、30%〜50%の範囲にあった。現在のところ、現存するすべてのFCC装置は99%を超えて、ライザー分解プロセスを基軸とし、それは典型的にはパラフィン系ナフサストリームの分解には効果的でない。
a.パラフィン系ナフサの供給ストリーム(上記したパラフィン系ナフサとナフテン系化合物を合わせた供給ストリームを包含する)を下降流反応装置の上部に導入する工程;
b.再生触媒を下降流反応装置に導入し、それをパラフィン系ナフサの供給ストリームと、触媒:供給ストリームを約25:1〜80:1の範囲にある重量割合にて混合する工程;
c.触媒と供給ストリームの混合物を、温度が約480℃(896°F)〜700℃(1292°F)の範囲に維持されている下降流反応装置にある反応帯に約0.1〜5秒の滞留時間で通し、パラフィン系ナフサを分解させる工程;
d.低級オレフィンおよびガソリンを含有する反応生成物のストリームを使用済み触媒より分離する工程;
e.反応生成物のストリームを回収する工程;および
f.下降流反応装置からの使用済み触媒を再生のための専用の再生槽に移し、下降流反応装置に再循環させる工程
を含む。
図1の配置のベンチスケールのパイロットユニットを、本明細書に記載のプロセスにて用いるのに適する典型的な供給ストリームを代表する2種のパラフィン系ナフサの原料について、下降流反応装置における分解条件下で操作した。得られた結果をシミュレーションモデルにて用い、フルスケールの下降流反応装置ユニットでの操作条件にまで進展させた。
Claims (14)
- 主たる割合を占めるパラフィン系ナフサの供給ストリームを、低級オレフィン類のエチレン、プロピレンおよびブチレン、ならびにガソリンを高い割合で含む軽質炭化水素の反応生成物へ変換促進する方法であって、
a.30℃(86°F)〜200℃(392°F)の範囲にて沸点を有する最低40重量%のパラフィン系ナフサを含有する供給ストリーム、または最低60重量%のパラフィン系ナフサとナフテン系化合物の組み合わせを含有する供給ストリームを、下降流反応装置の頂部に導入し、それを触媒と混合すること;
b.供給ストリームと触媒の混合物が反応帯での滞留時間を0.1秒〜5秒で、480℃(896°F)〜700℃(1292°F)の範囲にある操作温度で、触媒の供給ストリームに対する重量割合を25:1〜80:1の範囲で下降流反応装置を操作し、低級オレフィン類のエチレン、プロピレンおよびブチレン、ならびにガソリンを含む反応生成物のストリームを生成すること;
c.反応帯の下流にあるストリッパー帯において、下降流反応装置にて生成された反応生成物のストリームを使用済み触媒から分離すること;
d.反応生成物のストリームをストリッパー帯より回収すること;
e.ストリッパー帯からの使用済み触媒を、補助熱源を備えた再生のための専用の再生槽に通し、該再生槽中の温度を上げ、該再生槽は下降流反応装置からのみ使用済み触媒を受け、および適宜、他の反応装置では触媒がストリームから回収されたパラフィン系ナフサまたは副生成物と接触してもよいこと;および
f.熱再生触媒を下降流反応装置の頂部に再循環すること
を含む、方法。 - パラフィン系ナフサの供給ストリームを65℃(149°F)〜160℃(320°F)の範囲にある温度へ予め加熱し、ついでそれを反応帯に導入する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 供給ストリームを熱交換器または加熱炉で予め加熱する、請求項2記載の方法。
- 反応装置にある滞留時間が0.2秒〜2秒の範囲である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 下降流反応装置が連続して操作される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 反応生成物のストリームが、サイクロン式分離装置にて使用済み触媒から分離される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 反応帯の下流にある区域で、反応生成物および触媒にクエンチング流体を加えることをさらに含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 反応帯の下流にある使用済み触媒を蒸気で剥離することをさらに含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 再生槽が、その中に加熱された燃焼空気が通され、燃焼を支持してリフトを提供する、触媒リフトライザーを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 再生槽が、更に付加的な加熱された燃焼空気が加えられる濃密相床を含む、請求項9記載の方法。
- 使用済み触媒上に形成されたコークスの量が、再生槽に存する再生触媒の温度を操作温度の範囲にまで上げるのに十分ではなく、液体燃料をストリッパー帯にある触媒に添加することをさらに含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 再生槽が濃密相床を含み、補助熱源として液体燃料および/または燃料ガスを該濃密相床に導入し、該燃料を燃やし、それにより再生触媒の温度を上げることをさらに含む、請求項10記載の方法。
- 付加的にエチレン、プロピレンおよびブチレンを生成するために、反応生成物のストリーム中に含有されるガソリンの少なくとも一部を補助下降流反応装置に流すことをさらに含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 補助反応装置が下降流接触分解反応装置であり、補助下降流反応装置からの使用済み触媒を再生槽に流し、該再生槽からの再生触媒を補助下降流反応装置に再循環させることをさらに含む、請求項13記載の方法。
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