JP2014181301A - 光増感色素及びこれを有する色素増感太陽電池 - Google Patents
光増感色素及びこれを有する色素増感太陽電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014181301A JP2014181301A JP2013057407A JP2013057407A JP2014181301A JP 2014181301 A JP2014181301 A JP 2014181301A JP 2013057407 A JP2013057407 A JP 2013057407A JP 2013057407 A JP2013057407 A JP 2013057407A JP 2014181301 A JP2014181301 A JP 2014181301A
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- Prior art keywords
- dye
- photosensitizing dye
- group
- solar cell
- sensitized solar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 230000002165 photosensitisation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005309 thioalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical compound [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 38
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dipyridin-2-ylpyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 112
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012327 Ruthenium complex Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid anhydride Natural products CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N deoxycholic acid Natural products C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)C(O)C2 KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940116357 potassium thiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000005621 tetraalkylammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZTWIEIFKPFJRLV-UHFFFAOYSA-K trichlororuthenium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.Cl[Ru](Cl)Cl ZTWIEIFKPFJRLV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3alpha,5alpha,7alpha,12alpha)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-cholan-24-oic acid Natural products OC1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)C(O)C2 BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CZIUVCSYOGFUPH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCCCC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1 CZIUVCSYOGFUPH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FGYADSCZTQOAFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylbenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C)C=NC2=C1 FGYADSCZTQOAFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YAYGSLOSTXKUBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(2+) Chemical compound [Ru+2] YAYGSLOSTXKUBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000005622 tetraalkylammonium hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003438 thallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
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Abstract
【解決手段】ターピリジンに含まれる3個のピリジン環の真ん中のピリジン環の特定の位置に、2つのカルボキシル基が結合されたターピリジン、およびY1、Y2及びY3を配位子とするルテニウム錯体からなる光増感色素。Y1、Y2及びY3はそれぞれ独立に−NCS、ハロゲン基又は−CNなどを表す。
【選択図】なし
Description
作用極10は、上述したように、透明基板11と、透明基板11の上に設けられる透明導電膜12と、透明導電膜12の上に設けられる少なくとも1つの酸化物半導体層13とを有している。
対極20は、上述したように、導電性基板21と、導電性基板21のうち作用極10側に設けられて対極20の表面における還元反応を促進する導電性の触媒層22とを備えるものである。
封止部30としては、例えばアイオノマー、エチレン−ビニル酢酸無水物共重合体、エチレン−メタクリル酸共重合体、エチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体、紫外線硬化樹脂、及び、ビニルアルコール重合体などの樹脂が挙げられる。
電解質40は通常、電解液で構成され、この電解液は例えばI−/I3 −などの酸化還元対と有機溶媒とを含んでいる。有機溶媒としては、アセトニトリル、メトキシアセトニトリル、メトキシプロピオニトリル、プロピオニトリル、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、γ−ブチロラクトンなどを用いることができる。酸化還元対としては、例えばI−/I3 −のほか、臭素/臭化物イオンなどの対が挙げられる。また電解質40は、有機溶媒に代えて、イオン液体を用いて良い。また電解質40は、有機溶媒に代えて、イオン液体と有機溶媒との混合物を用いてもよい。イオン液体としては、例えばピリジニウム塩、イミダゾリウム塩、トリアゾリウム塩等の既知のヨウ素塩であって、室温付近で溶融状態にある常温溶融塩が用いられる。このような常温溶融塩としては、例えば1−ヘキシル−3−メチルイミダゾリウムヨーダイドが好適に用いられる。上記電解質には添加剤を加えてもよい。添加剤としては、LiI、4−t−ブチルピリジン、N−メチルベンゾイミダゾールなどが挙げられる。さらに電解質40としては、上記電解質にSiO2、TiO2、カーボンナノチューブなどのナノ粒子を混練してゲル様となった擬固体電解質であるナノコンポジットゲル電解質を用いてもよく、また、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリエチレンオキサイド誘導体、アミノ酸誘導体などの有機系ゲル化剤を用いてゲル化した電解質を用いてもよい。
光増感色素は、上記一般式(1)で表される構造を有する。
共吸着剤は、上記光増感色素同士の会合を抑制するものであればよいが、共吸着剤としては下記一般式(7)で表される有機化合物又はその塩が用いられてもよい。ここで、有機化合物は非金属原子のみで構成される。
<光増感色素の合成>
先ず、文献J.Heterocyclic.Chem.,2000,37,1077−1080に記載の方法に従って、3’,4’−ジカルボキシ−2,2’:6’,2”−ターピリジンを合成した。
1H−NMR(400MHz,CD3CN):δ=9.02(d,J=3.0Hz,1H),8.91(d,J=4.3Hz,1H),8.70(s,1H)8.45−8.43(m,2H),8.05−7.99(m,2H),7.77−7.71(m,2H),3.09−3.05(m,10H),1.62−1.55(m,10H),1.38−1.28(m,10H),0.97−0.92(m,15H)、ESI−TOF MS(negative,CH3OH):838.20 m/z({(n−C4H9)4N)[M−H]}−)Anal.Calcd.for[M]・1.25(n−C4H9)4N)・2H2O:C,51.34;H,6.46;N,10.85、Found:C,51.05,H,5.93;N10.90%
まずガラスからなる厚さ1mmの透明基板の上に、厚さ1μmのFTOからなる透明導電膜を形成してなる透明導電性基板を準備した。
光増感色素として、文献J.Photochem.Photophys.A Chem.,2010,214,22−32に記載の方法に従って合成した下記式(13)の光増感色素を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして色素増感太陽電池を作製した。
(色素増感太陽電池の光電変換特性の評価)
実施例1及び比較例1の色素増感太陽電池について、以下のようにして光電変換特性の評価を行った。
実施例1及び比較例1の色素増感太陽電池について、分光感度特性(IPCE: Incident Photon-to-Current Conversion Efficiency)を、IPCE測定装置(ペクセル・テクノロジー社製、製品名PEC−S10)を用いて測定した。結果を図3に示す。図3において、実線が実施例1の分光感度スペクトルであり、破線が比較例1の分光感度スペクトルである。
実施例1及び比較例1の色素増感太陽電池について、ソーラーシュミレーター(山下電装社製、製品名YSS−150A)を用いて、照射光100mW/cm3、エアマス1.5の条件で光電変換効率を測定した。そして、比較例1の光電変換効率に対する実施例1の光電変換効率の増加率を算出した。結果を表1に示す。
11…透明基板
12…透明導電膜
13…酸化物半導体層
15…透明導電性基板(第1電極)
20…対極(第2電極)
40…電解質
100…色素増感太陽電池
Claims (6)
- 下記一般式(1)で表される構造を有する光増感色素。
- 前記一般式(1)において、R1及びR2が水素原子であり、Z1、Z2及びZ3が水素イオンであり、かつY1、Y2及びY3が−NCSである請求項1に記載の光増感色素。
- 透明基板及び前記透明基板上に設けられる透明導電膜を有する第1電極と、
前記第1電極に対向する第2電極と、
前記第1電極又は前記第2電極に設けられる酸化物半導体層と、
前記第1電極及び前記第2電極の間に設けられる電解質と、
前記酸化物半導体層に吸着される光増感色素と、
を備え、
前記光増感色素が請求項1又は2に記載の光増感色素を含む色素増感太陽電池。 - 前記光増感色素が、第1光増感色素と、前記第1光増感色素と異なる第2光増感色素とを含み、前記第1光増感色素が請求項1又は2に記載の光増感色素で構成される、請求項3に記載の色素増感太陽電池。
- 前記第2光増感色素が、前記第1光増感色素の吸収ピークよりも短波長側に吸収ピークを有する請求項4に記載の色素増感太陽電池。
- 前記酸化物半導体層に吸着される共吸着剤をさらに含む、請求項3〜5のいずれか一項に記載の色素増感太陽電池。
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