JP2013521208A - 合成シリカガラスの製造 - Google Patents
合成シリカガラスの製造 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013521208A JP2013521208A JP2012555382A JP2012555382A JP2013521208A JP 2013521208 A JP2013521208 A JP 2013521208A JP 2012555382 A JP2012555382 A JP 2012555382A JP 2012555382 A JP2012555382 A JP 2012555382A JP 2013521208 A JP2013521208 A JP 2013521208A
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- Prior art keywords
- silica
- emulsion
- glass
- aqueous
- flame
- Prior art date
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 siloxane compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IUMSDRXLFWAGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 IUMSDRXLFWAGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 25
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 4
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012705 liquid precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000000260 Warts Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000010153 skin papilloma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003902 SiCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLYDPWNOCPZGEV-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl-dimethyl-[2-[2-[2-methyl-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethoxy]ethyl]azanium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cl-].CC1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OCCOCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 VLYDPWNOCPZGEV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PVZMSIQWTGPSHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;tantalum Chemical compound [Ta].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO PVZMSIQWTGPSHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
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- HDGGAKOVUDZYES-UHFFFAOYSA-K erbium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Er](Cl)Cl HDGGAKOVUDZYES-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013500 performance material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/14—Other methods of shaping glass by gas- or vapour- phase reaction processes
- C03B19/1415—Reactant delivery systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/10—Forming beads
- C03B19/1005—Forming solid beads
- C03B19/106—Forming solid beads by chemical vapour deposition; by liquid phase reaction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/08—Doped silica-based glasses doped with boron or fluorine or other refractive index decreasing dopant
- C03B2201/10—Doped silica-based glasses doped with boron or fluorine or other refractive index decreasing dopant doped with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/20—Doped silica-based glasses doped with non-metals other than boron or fluorine
- C03B2201/28—Doped silica-based glasses doped with non-metals other than boron or fluorine doped with phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi
- C03B2201/34—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi doped with rare earth metals, i.e. with Sc, Y or lanthanides, e.g. for laser-amplifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2207/00—Glass deposition burners
- C03B2207/30—For glass precursor of non-standard type, e.g. solid SiH3F
- C03B2207/34—Liquid, e.g. mist or aerosol
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
実験は、それぞれのシロキサン中または混合物中の水または水性溶液のエマルション群を用いて行われた。適切な組成77% D4、21% D5、2% D6を有する混合物が「D4N」として供給される(Momentive Performance Materials, 22 Corporate Woods Boulevard, Albany, NY 12211, 米国)。この混合物は、室温で冷凍を受けないので、試験に使用されたが、明らかに純シロキサンはこの方法において代替的に使用され得る。
エマルション1.
典型的なエマルションは次のように製造された。920mLのD4Nに、30mLの乳化剤Tegopren(登録商標) 7008が添加された。ついで、水50mLが非水性相に添加され、その混合物は高速ホモジナイザー(Ultra-Turrax, Model No.T125, IKA=Werke GmbH & Co.KG, Janke & Kunkel-Str. 10, 79219Staufen, ドイツ)を用いて、最初に乳化された。乳化は、超音波浴内の容器の強い撹拌により完結された。得られるエマルションの水性相の小滴の大きさ分布は、レーザー回折粒子アナライザー、Model LS230(Beckman-Coulter UK Inc., High Wycombe, HP11 1JU, 英国)により測定された。こお分布は図1に示される。水性相の微小滴の直径は3.5μmより小さいのが通常であり、そのような微小滴の大部分は直径が2μmより小さい。
エマルション2.
脱イオン水(50mL)中の硝酸セリウム(III)(8g)の水性溶液が、30mLのTegopren(登録商標) 7008を含む920mLのD4Nに添加された。その混合物は前記のように乳化され、小滴の大きさ分布が上記のように測定され、図1に示される結果を生じた。水性微小滴の大部分の直径は明らかに1μmより小さい。
エマルション3.
脱イオン水(50mL)中の硝酸セリウム(III)(40g)の水性溶液が、30mLのBC99/012を含む920mLのD4Nに添加された。その混合物は前記のように乳化され、小滴の大きさ分布が上記のように測定され、図1に示される結果を生じた。溶解された塩の高濃度にもかかわらず、水性小滴はすべて直径が1.5μmより小さい。
Claims (28)
- 非水性液体シリカ前躯体材料中の水性相のエマルションを形成すること;そのエマルションを小滴スプレーとして、合成火炎中に供給し、それにより前躯体材料は火炎中でシリカ含有スートに転換されること;ならびにつづいてガラスに焼固するための多孔質スート体として、または直接に実質的に細孔のないガラスとして、基板上にスートを捕集すること、の段階を含むシリカ系ガラスの製造方法。
- 合成火炎が合成バーナーにより供給される請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 合成火炎がプラズマ加熱装置により供給または増大される請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- シリカ前躯体材料が非水性で、塩素を含まないケイ素化合物である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 非水性で、塩素を含まないケイ素化合物がシロキサン化合物またはその化合物の混合物である請求項4に記載の製造方法。
- シロキサン化合物がヘキサメチルジシロキサン、オクタメチルシクロテトラシロキサン、デカメチルシクロペンタシロキサン、ドデカメチルシクロヘキサシロキサン、またはそれらの2つもしくは3より多い混合物である請求項5に記載の製造方法。
- エマルションの水性相がさらに乳化剤を含む請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 乳化剤がシリコーン系界面活性剤である請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- 水性相が純水であり、シリカ系ガラスが純シリカである請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 水性相が水およびイオン種の溶液であり、イオン種は小滴のエマルションの達成すること、および/またはスプレーの改良された燃焼を確実にすることを助ける請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- イオン種が硝酸アンモニウムである請求項10に記載の製造方法。
- 水性相が1つまたはそれより多いドーパント種の前躯体の溶液を含む請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 水性相が1つまたはそれより多い金属ドーパント種の前躯体の溶液を含む請求項12に記載の製造方法。
- 金属ドーパント種は、合成火炎内で周期律表1〜16族、ならびにランタニドおよびアクチニドから選ばれる、1つまたはそれより多い金属の酸化物に転換し得る1つまたはそれより多い化合物を含む請求項13に記載の製造方法。
- 1つまたはそれより多い非金属ドーパント種がガラスに配合される請求項1〜8または12から14のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 非金属ドーパント種がホウ素またはリンの酸化物を含む請求項15に記載の製造方法。
- スプレー中の小滴が、火炎中の酸化または加水分解による転換についてシリカ系ガラスに要求される全成分を含む請求項1〜16のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- スプレー中の小滴が、非水性液体シリカ前躯体材料中の水性相のエマルションを含む請求項17に記載の製造方法。
- エマルション中の水性相の小滴の大部分の直径が2μmより小さい請求項18に記載の製造方法。
- スプレー中の各小滴が、さらにドーパント種を含む非水性液体シリカ前躯体材料中の水性相のエマルションを含む請求項18、19および12〜16のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- エマルションが気力手段により合成バーナー内で微粒化される請求項1〜20のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 気力手段が微粒化ガス流を含む請求項21に記載の製造方法。
- エマルションが超音波手段により合成バーナー内で微粒化される請求項1〜20のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 超音波手段が超音波ホーンを含む請求項23に記載の製造方法。
- 乳化は、バーナー内または近傍で生じ、そして2つの液相の同時の供給および乳化に適合された超音波ホーンにより促進される請求項1〜24のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 最初のガラス製品は続く均質化プロセスに供される請求項1〜25のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- シリカ系ガラスの製造に用いられる微粒化バーナーからのNOx放出を減少させる方法であり、そこでは微粒化バーナーは、非水性で、塩素のない液体シリカ前駆体中の水性相のエマルションを提供される、請求項1〜26のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜27のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により製造される、純またはドープされたシリカ系ガラス。
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GB1003468.4 | 2010-03-02 | ||
GB1003468A GB2478307A (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2010-03-02 | Manufacture of silica glass |
PCT/EP2011/052923 WO2011107430A1 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2011-02-28 | Manufacture of synthetic silica glass |
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JP (1) | JP5778702B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102781857B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112011100741T5 (ja) |
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JP7515137B2 (ja) | 2020-03-17 | 2024-07-12 | 株式会社オハラ | ケイ酸塩系基材と希土類化合物との複合体、発光ナノ粒子、細胞の検出方法、動物の治療方法、医療装置、及びケイ酸塩系基材と希土類化合物との複合体の製造方法 |
JP7554424B2 (ja) | 2020-03-17 | 2024-09-20 | 株式会社オハラ | ユーロピウム化合物の結晶体及びユーロピウム化合物の結晶体の製造方法 |
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KR20180022845A (ko) * | 2015-06-29 | 2018-03-06 | 에보니크 데구사 게엠베하 | 화염 분무 열분해에 의한 금속 산화물 분말의 제조 방법 |
JP2018526309A (ja) * | 2015-06-29 | 2018-09-13 | エボニック デグサ ゲーエムベーハーEvonik Degussa GmbH | 火炎溶射熱分解を用いて金属酸化物粉末を製造する方法 |
KR102583009B1 (ko) * | 2015-06-29 | 2023-09-27 | 에보니크 오퍼레이션즈 게엠베하 | 화염 분무 열분해에 의한 금속 산화물 분말의 제조 방법 |
JP7515137B2 (ja) | 2020-03-17 | 2024-07-12 | 株式会社オハラ | ケイ酸塩系基材と希土類化合物との複合体、発光ナノ粒子、細胞の検出方法、動物の治療方法、医療装置、及びケイ酸塩系基材と希土類化合物との複合体の製造方法 |
JP7554424B2 (ja) | 2020-03-17 | 2024-09-20 | 株式会社オハラ | ユーロピウム化合物の結晶体及びユーロピウム化合物の結晶体の製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB201003468D0 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
GB2493649A (en) | 2013-02-13 |
GB201217297D0 (en) | 2012-11-14 |
CN102781857A (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
WO2011107430A1 (en) | 2011-09-09 |
DE112011100741T5 (de) | 2013-03-14 |
CN102781857B (zh) | 2016-09-07 |
GB2493649B (en) | 2017-06-07 |
US8959957B2 (en) | 2015-02-24 |
US20130045854A1 (en) | 2013-02-21 |
GB2478307A (en) | 2011-09-07 |
JP5778702B2 (ja) | 2015-09-16 |
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