JP2013026479A - 原子層成長方法及び原子層成長装置 - Google Patents

原子層成長方法及び原子層成長装置 Download PDF

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JP2013026479A
JP2013026479A JP2011160380A JP2011160380A JP2013026479A JP 2013026479 A JP2013026479 A JP 2013026479A JP 2011160380 A JP2011160380 A JP 2011160380A JP 2011160380 A JP2011160380 A JP 2011160380A JP 2013026479 A JP2013026479 A JP 2013026479A
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Yoshiaki Washio
圭亮 鷲尾
Kazutoshi Murata
和俊 村田
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MES Afty Corp
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Abstract

【課題】従来に比べて緻密な金属酸化膜を形成することができる、プラズマを用いた原子層成長方法及び原子層成長装置を提供する。
【解決手段】 有機金属のガスを原料ガスとして用いて基板に金属酸化膜を形成するとき、成膜空間内に配置された基板の上方に有機金属のガスを原料ガスとして流すことにより、基板に前記有機金属を吸着させ、前記有機金属に対して化学反応しない第1ガスを用いて前記成膜空間でプラズマを発生させ、前記第1ガスを排気した後、酸化ガスを第2ガスとして前記成膜空間に導入して酸化ガスを用いて前記成膜空間でプラズマを発生させることで、前記基板に前記有機金属の金属成分が酸化し金属酸化膜を形成する。
【選択図】 図2

Description

本発明は、有機金属のガスを原料ガスとして用いて基板に金属酸化膜を形成する原子層成長方法及び原子層成長装置に関する。
基板上に原子層単位で薄膜を形成する原子層成長方法(以下、省略してALD(Atomic Layer Deposition)法ともいう)は、形成しようとする膜を構成する元素を主成分とする2種類のガスを成膜対象基板上に交互に供給し、基板上に原子層単位で薄膜を形成することを複数回繰り返して所望厚さの膜を形成する薄膜形成技術である。例えば、基板上にAl23膜を形成する場合、TMA(Tri-Methyl Aluminum)からなる原料ガスとOを含む酸化ガスが用いられる。また、基板上に窒化膜を形成する場合、酸化ガスの代わりに窒化ガスが用いられる。
ALD法では、原料ガスを供給している間に1層あるいは数層の原料ガスの成分だけが基板表面に吸着され、余分な原料ガスは成長に寄与しない、成長の自己停止作用(セルフリミット機能)を利用する。
ALD法は、一般的なCVD(Chemical Vapor Deposition)法と比較して高い段差被覆性と膜厚制御性を併せ持ち、メモリ素子のキャパシタや、「high-kゲート」と呼ばれる絶縁膜の形成への実用化が期待されている。また、低温で絶縁膜が形成可能であるため、液晶ディスプレイなどのように、ガラス基板を用いる表示装置の薄膜トランジスタのゲート絶縁膜の形成への適用なども期待されている。さらに、ALD法は、有機ELディスプレイにおける発光層を、水蒸気等のガスから保護するために高性能な封止機能を有する層の形成にも期待されている。特に、封止層は、有機層からなる基板や基板に形成された有機層が改質しないように低温、例えば190℃以下で形成されることが求められている。
このALD法において、基板に吸着した原料ガスの成分を酸化するとき、酸化ガスを用いてプラズマを発生させることにより生じる酸素ラジカルを用いて、基板に吸着した原料ガスの成分を酸化する。このときプラズマの発生時間は数100m秒〜数秒に固定されて処理が行われる。
例えば、下記特許文献1には、ALD法を使用して基板上に酸化アルミニウム薄膜を製造する方法が記載されている。
当該文献に記載の方法では、まず、アルミニウムに結合した少なくとも1つのアルキル基を含む蒸発可能な有機アルミニウム化合物を成長基板に結合させる。その後、結合した有機アルミニウム化合物を酸化アルミニウムに変換させる方法であり、結合した有機アルミニウム化合物を、オゾン、有機オゾン化物、不対電子を持つ酸素原子、有機過酸化物および有機過酸から選択された、水以外の酸素の反応性蒸気発生源と接触させることにより酸化アルミニウムに変換させる。このとき、基板を成長方法の間190℃未満の温度に維持する。
特許第4232944号公報
このようなALD法において、酸化アルミニウムを100℃以上190℃未満の温度で効率よく基板に形成することができる。しかし、形成される酸化アルミニウムの緻密さは必ずしも十分でない。例えば、酸化アルミニウムの膜の緻密さを反映する膜の屈折率は、基板の加熱温度100℃において1.59が上限となっている。
そこで、本発明は、従来に比べて緻密な金属酸化膜を形成することができる、プラズマを用いた原子層成長方法及び原子層成長装置を提供することを目的とする。
本発明の一態様は、原子層成長方法である。
当該方法は、
成膜空間内に配置された基板の上方に有機金属のガスを原料ガスとして流すことにより、基板に前記有機金属を吸着させる第1ステップと、
前記基板に有機金属を吸着させた後、前記有機金属に対して化学反応しない第1ガスを用いて前記成膜空間内でプラズマを発生させる第2ステップと、
前記第1ガスを排気した後、酸化ガスを第2ガスとして前記成膜空間に導入して前記第2ガスを用いて前記成膜空間でプラズマを発生させることで、前記基板に前記有機金属の金属成分が酸化した金属酸化膜を形成する第3ステップと、を有する。
前記第1ガスは、前記成膜空間から前記原料ガスを排気するためのパージガスとして前記成膜空間に導入されるガスであることが好ましい。
前記第1ガスは、例えば、窒素ガス、アルゴンガス、及びヘリウムガスの群のなかから選ばれたガスである。
前記第1ガスは、窒素ガスであり、前記第1ガスを用いたプラズマの発生時間は、0.01〜10秒である、ことが好ましい。
前記第1〜第3ステップにおいて、前記基板は90度以下に加熱保持される、ことが好ましい。
前記原料ガスがTMAであるとき、原料ガスを用いて形成される酸化アルミニウムの屈折率は、例えば1.60以上1.68以下である。
本発明の他の一態様は、原子層成長装置である。
当該装置は、
基板が配置される成膜空間を備える成膜容器と、
前記成膜空間内に設けられ、プラズマを生成するプラズマ生成ユニットと、
前記成膜空間に、有機金属を含む原料ガス、前記原料ガスに化学反応しない第1ガス、及び前記有機金属の金属成分を酸化させる第2ガス、のそれぞれを前記成膜空間に導入するガス供給ユニットと、
前記原料ガス、前記第1ガス及び前記第2ガスのそれぞれの導入のタイミングと前記プラズマ生成用電極に給電する電力の給電のタイミングとを制御するコントローラ、とを有する。
前記コントローラは、前記基板が配置された成膜空間に前記原料ガスを導入させるように制御した後、前記第1ガスの前記成膜空間への導入に合わせて、前記プラズマ生成ユニットが前記第1ガスを用いたプラズマを生成するように、前記コントローラは前記プラズマ生成ユニットへの給電を制御し、さらに、前記第2ガスの前記成膜空間への導入に合わせて、前記プラズマ生成ユニットが前記第2ガスを用いたプラズマを生成するように、前記コントローラは前記プラズマ生成ユニットへの給電を制御する。
前記第1ガスは、窒素ガスであり、前記第1ガスを用いたプラズマの発生時間を、0.01〜10秒にするように、前記コントローラは前記プラズマ生成ユニットへの給電を制御する、ことが好ましい。
前記基板は例えば90度以下の温度に加熱保持される。
上述の原子層成長方法及び原子層成長装置では、従来に比べて緻密な金属酸化膜を形成することができる。
本実施形態のALD装置の構成を表す概略図である。 本実施形態のコントローラが行うガスの流量制御と平行平板電極への給電のタイミングを説明するタイミングチャートである。 従来のガスの流量制御とプラズマ生成源への給電のタイミングを説明するタイミングチャートである。 本実施形態のALD装置を用いたときに得られる成膜速度と、形成された酸化アルミニウムの屈折率の計測結果を示す図である。 本実施形態で得られる酸化アルミニウムと従来の方法で得られえる酸化アルミニウムの水蒸気透過率の計測結果を示す図である。
以下、本発明の原子層成長方法及び原子層成長装置について詳細に説明する。
図1は、本実施形態のALD装置10の構成を表す概略図である。同図に示すALD装置10は、ALD法を適用して、形成しようとする膜を構成する金属を主成分とする有機金属の原料ガスと酸化ガス(第2ガス)を成膜空間中の基板上に交互に供給する。その時、ALD装置10は、反応活性を高めるためにプラズマを生成して基板上に原子層単位で原料ガスの酸化膜を形成する。ALD装置10は、上記処理を1サイクルとして、処理を複数サイクル繰り返すことにより予め定められた厚さの膜を形成する。その際、ALD装置10は、各サイクルにおいて基板に付着した有機金属を酸化ガスで酸化する前に、有機金属を活性化状態にするために、あるいは、さらに有機金属の一部又は全部を分解して金属成分が基板に残るように、第1ガスを成膜空間内に導入し第1ガスを用いてプラズマを発生させる。これにより、基板に吸着した有機金属あるいは有機金属の一部分が、この後行う酸化ガスを用いたプラズマにより得られる酸素ラジカルと反応しやすくなり、緻密な金属酸化物の膜を形成することができる。
以下の説明では、有機金属の原料ガスとしてTMA(Trimethyl Aluminium)を用い、TMAに対して化学反応しない第1ガスとして窒素ガスを用い、酸化ガスとして酸素ガスを用いて、基板に酸化アルミニウムの膜を形成する場合を例に説明するが、これ以外に、有機金属の原料ガスとしてトリエチルアルミニウムを用い、第1ガスとしてアルゴンガス、ヘリウムガス等を用い、酸化ガスとしてオゾンやH2Oガスを用いて緻密な金属酸化膜を形成することができる。
また、本実施形態のALD装置10は、平行平板電極をプラズマ生成ユニットとして用いる容量結合型プラズマ生成装置であるが、この他に、複数のアンテナ電極を用いた電磁結合型プラズマ生成装置、電子サイクロトロン共鳴を利用したECR型プラズマ生成装置、あるいは誘導結合型プラズマ生成装置を用いることもできる。
(原子層成長装置)
ALD装置10は、成膜容器12と、平行平板電極14と、ガス供給ユニット16と、コントローラ18と、高周波電源20と、マッチングボックス22と、排気ユニット24と、を有する。
成膜容器12は、排気ユニット24の行う排気により成膜容器12内の成膜空間を一定の減圧雰囲気に維持する。
成膜空間には、平行平板電極14が設けられている。平行平板電極14は、上部電極14a及び下部電極14bを有し、成膜空間内に設けられプラズマを生成する。平行平板電極14の上部電極14aは、成膜空間内に設けられるサセプタ30の基板載置面に対して対向するように設けられている。上部電極14aは、成膜容器12の上方から延びる給電線により、マッチングボックス22を介して高周波電源20と接続されている。マッチングボックス22は、平行平板電極14のインピーダンスに整合するように、マッチングボックス22内のインダクタのインダクタンス及びキャパシタのキャパシタンスを調整する。上部電極14aは、高周波電源20から10m秒〜10秒の間、13.56〜27.12MHzの高周波電力が給電される。
下部電極14bの表面は、サセプタ30の基板載置面となっており、アースされている。サセプタ30は、その内部にヒータ32を有し、ヒータ32により、成膜中の基板は、例えば50℃以上90℃以下に加熱保持される。
サセプタ30は、サセプタ30の下部に設けられた昇降軸30aが昇降機構30bを通して図中の上下方向に昇降自在に移動するように構成されている。サセプタ30の基板載置面は、成膜処理時、成膜容器12に設けられた突出壁12aの上面と面一になるように上方位置に移動する。成膜処理前あるいは成膜処理後、サセプタ30は下方位置に移動し、成膜容器12に設けられた図示されないシャッターが開放されて、基板が成膜容器12の外部から搬入され、あるいは成膜容器12の外部に搬出される。
ガス供給ユニット16は、有機金属を含む原料ガス、この原料ガスに化学反応しない第1ガス、及び有機金属の金属成分を酸化させる第2ガス、のそれぞれを成膜空間に導入する。
具体的に、ガス供給ユニット16は、TMA源16aと、N2源16bと、O2源16cと、マスフローコントローラ17a,17b,17cと、TMA源16aと成膜容器12内の成膜空間を、マスフローコントローラ17aを通して接続する管18aと、N2源16bと成膜容器12内の成膜空間をマスフローコントローラ17bを通して接続する管18bと、O2源16cと成膜容器12内の成膜空間をマスフローコントローラ17cを通して接続する管18cと、を有する。
マスフローコントローラ17a,17b,17cはそれぞれ、コントローラ18による制御により作動して、所定のタイミングでTMAの原料ガス、第1ガスであるN2ガス、及び酸化ガスであり第2ガスであるO2ガスを成膜空間に導入する。
排気ユニット24は、成膜容器12の左壁から成膜空間内に導入された原料ガス、第1ガスである窒素ガスおよび第2ガスである酸素ガスを排気管28を通して水平方向に排気する。排気管28の途中にはバルブ26が設けられ、コントローラ18の指示によって適宜開閉される。
コントローラ18は、原料ガス、窒素ガス及び酸素ガスのそれぞれの導入のタイミングと平行平板電極14に給電する電力の給電のタイミングとを制御する。さらに、コントローラ18は、バルブ26の開閉を制御する。
具体的には、コントローラ18は、窒素ガス(第1ガス)の成膜空間への導入に合わせて、平行平板電極14が窒素ガスを用いたプラズマを生成するように平行平板電極14の上部電極14aへの給電を制御し、さらに、酸素ガス(第2ガス)の成膜空間への導入に合わせて、平行平板電極14が酸素ガスを用いたプラズマを生成するように平行平板電極14の上部電極14aへの給電を制御する。
より具体的には、コントローラ18は、原料ガスを成膜空間に導入するとき、マスフローコントローラ17aによるガス流量を制御し、窒素ガスを成膜空間に導入するとき、マスフローコントローラ17bによるガス流量を制御し、酸素ガスを成膜空間に導入するとき、マスフローコントローラ17cによるガス流量を制御する。
図2は、コントローラ18が行うガスの流量制御と平行平板電極14への給電のタイミングを説明するタイミングチャートである。
まず、コントローラ18は、基板が基板載置面に載せられている成膜空間にTMAを導入するようにマスフローコントローラ17aの流量の制御を行う。この流量の制御により、TMAは例えば0.1秒間、成膜空間に導入される。
コントローラ18がマスフローコントローラ17aを用いたTMAの成膜空間への導入を停止すると、その後、コントローラ18は、マスフローコントローラ17bを用いた窒素ガスの流量の制御を行い、窒素ガスの成膜空間への導入を開始する。窒素ガスの成膜空間への導入は例えば2秒間行われる。この間の一定期間、コントローラ18は高周波電源20がマッチングボックス22を通して電力を上部電極14aに供給するように制御する。この給電は例えば0.2秒間行われる。上部電極14aへの給電により、平行平板電極14は、成膜空間において、窒素ガスを用いたプラズマを発生させる。
上部電極14aへの給電が停止し、マスフローコントローラ17bによる窒素ガスの成膜空間への導入が停止すると、この後、コントローラ18は、マスフローコントローラ17cを用いた酸素ガスの流量の制御を行い、酸素ガスの成膜空間への導入を開始する。酸素ガスの成膜空間への導入は例えば4秒間行われる。この間、コントローラ18は高周波電源20がマッチングボックス22を通して電力を上部電極14aに供給するように制御する。この給電は例えば0.6秒間行われる。上部電極14aへの給電により、平行平板電極14は、成膜空間において、酸素ガスを用いたプラズマを発生させる。
この後、上部電極14aへの給電が停止し、マスフローコントローラ17cによる酸素ガスの成膜空間への導入が停止すると、再度、コントローラ18は、TMAを成膜空間に導入するようにマスフローコントローラ17aの流量の制御を行う。こうして、TMAの成膜空間の導入と、窒素ガスの成膜空間への導入と窒素ガスを用いたプラズマの生成を経て、酸素ガスの成膜空間への導入と酸素ガスを用いたプラズマの生成を1サイクルとして、複数サイクルを繰り返すことにより、基板に所定の厚さを有する酸化アルミニウムの膜を形成することができる。
図3は、従来のガスの流量制御とプラズマ生成源への給電のタイミングを説明するタイミングチャートである。
図3からわかるように、従来は、窒素ガスは、成膜空間に導入されたTMAを排気するためのパージガスとして用いられる。このため、窒素ガスが成膜空間に導入されたとき、プラズマは発生されず、成膜空間のガスをTMAから酸素ガスに入れ替えた後、酸素ガスを用いたプラズマが発生される。
これに対して、図2に示す本実施形態のタイミングチャートでは、窒素ガスが成膜空間に導入されたとき、窒素ガスを用いたプラズマが発生される。窒素ガスは、TMAを成膜空間から排気するためのパージガスとして成膜空間に導入されるが、パージ終了直後に、窒素ガスを用いたプラズマを発生させる。このプラズマの発生は、後述するように、基板に吸着したTMAのアルキル基を、窒素ガスを用いたプラズマから生成される窒素ラジカル及び窒素イオンによってTMAのアルキル基の一部あるいは全部を分解するために行われる。窒素ガスを用いたプラズマがアルキル基の一部あるいは全部を分解するのは、この後に、ラジカル状態となったTMAあるいはアルキル基の分解されたTMAの残留部分(アルミニウム)が、酸素ガスを用いたプラズマから生成される酸素ラジカルと反応性を高め、より緻密な酸化アルミニウムを基板に形成するためである。本実施形態の処理は、屈折率が1.60以上1.68以下の酸化アルミニウムを形成することができる点で好ましい。
(原子層成長方法)
本実施形態の成膜方法を説明する。
コントローラ18はマスフローコントローラ17aを通してTMAの流量の制御を行って、基板の上方にTMAのガスを原料ガスとして成膜容器12の成膜空間中に流すことにより、基板にTMAを吸着させる。TMAは、1層あるいは数層の原料ガス成分だけが基板表面に吸着され、余分な原料ガスは成長に寄与しない。余分な原料ガスは、排気ユニット24により外部に排気される。
次に、コントローラ18は、TMAの流量を0に制御して、マスフローコントローラ17bを通して窒素ガスの流量の制御を行って、TMAに対して化学反応しない窒素ガスを導入させる。これにより、成膜空間に残留しているTMAは完全に排気される。さらに、コントローラ18は、高周波電源20を制御して、上部電極14aに電力を供給して成膜空間でプラズマを発生させる。コントローラ18は、窒素ガスの成膜空間への導入後少なくともTMAが排気された後において、上部電極14aの給電するように高周波電源20を制御する。例えば、窒素ガスの成膜空間への導入開始から少なくとも1秒後以降において上部電極14aへの給電が行われる。上部電力14aへの給電の略0.1秒後にプラズマが発生する。
次に、コントローラ18は、窒素ガスの流量を0に制御して窒素ガスを成膜空間から排気した後、マスフローコントローラ17cを通して酸素ガスの流量の制御を行って、酸素ガスを第2ガスとして成膜空間に導入する。さらに、コントローラ18は、高周波電源20を制御して、上部電極14aに電力を供給して成膜空間で酸素ガスを用いたプラズマを発生させる。上部電力14aへの給電と略同時にプラズマが発生する。例えば、酸素ガスの導入時間は4秒間であり、上部電極14aへの給電時間は0.6秒である。酸素ガスを用いたプラズマの発生により、その一部分は酸素ラジカルとなり、この酸素ラジカルが、すでに基板上でラジカル状態になっているTMAのアルミニウムと結合して、あるいは、アルキル基が分解されたTMAの残留部分(アルミニウム)と結合して、酸化アルミニウムを形成する。TMAの酸化によって生じる水、水素、一酸化炭素、二酸化炭素は、成膜空間から排気ユニット24を通して排気される。
以上の一連のALD処理は、複数サイクル繰り返される。この期間中、基板は、ヒータ32により90℃以下、好ましくは、70℃以下、より好ましくは60℃以下に温度が保加熱持されることが好ましい。基板の温度は好ましくは、50℃以上であることが好ましい。この範囲において、後述するように緻密な酸化アルミニウムを基板に形成することができる。このような基板の温度範囲は、有機層が積層された基板や有機物からなる基板を処理対象基板とする場合、有効である。
また、窒素ガスを用いたプラズマの発生時間を、0.01〜10秒、さらに好ましくは0.01〜5秒にするように、コントローラ18は給電を制御する、ことが好ましい。窒素ガスを用いたプラズマの発生時間が、上記範囲より短い場合、基板に吸着したTMAの活性化状態が十分でない。窒素ガスを用いたプラズマの発生時間が、上記範囲より長い場合、基板に吸着したTMAの活性化状態が十分であるためこれ以上長くしても効果が出ない他、プラズマにより基板の表面が凹凸になり易い。
図4は、本実施形態のALD装置10を用いて、原料ガスにTMAを用い、第1ガスに窒素ガスを用い、第2ガスに酸素ガスを用いて、成膜空間を100Paに略保持した減圧状態で成膜を行ったときの成膜速度(◆のプロット)と、形成された酸化アルミニウムの屈折率(■のプロット)の計測結果を示す図である。基板はp型Si基番を用い、成膜中60℃に一定に加熱保持した。
TMAの成膜空間への導入は100sccmで0.1秒間行った。
窒素ガスの成膜空間への導入は1500sccmで2.0秒間行った。
窒素ガスを用いたプラズマの生成では、13.56MHzの高周波電力を1000W、上部電極に0.2秒間(図4中の右端の◆、■の場合)給電した。
酸素ガスの成膜空間への導入は1000sccmで4.0秒間行った。
酸素ガスを用いたプラズマの生成では、13.56MHzの高周波電力を1000W、上部電極に0.6秒間給電した。
図3中の成膜速度は、上記一連のALD処理を650サイクル繰り返した後、Gaertner Scientific Corporation製エリプソメータを用いて膜の厚さを調べることで成膜速度を求めた。一方、形成された酸化アルミニウムの屈折率をGaertner Scientific Corporation製エリプソメータを用いて計測した。屈折率が高い程緻密な膜であることを意味する。図3に示す窒素ガスを用いたプラズマの発生時間が0秒であるプロットは、窒素ガスを用いたプラズマを発生させなかった従来例である。これに対して、本実施形態のように、窒素ガスを用いたプラズマを発生させることで、形成される酸化アルミニウムの屈折率は上昇し、緻密な酸化アルミニウムの膜が形成されることがわかる。これより、酸化アルミニウムの屈折率を1.60以上、好ましくは1.630以上、特に好ましくは1.65以上にすることができる。酸化アルミニウムの屈折率の上限は1.76である。
図5は、酸化アルミニウムの水蒸気透過率の計測結果を示す図である。水蒸気透過率は、モコン社製PERMATRANを用いて計測した。水蒸気透過率が低いほど、形成された酸化アルミニウムは緻密であることを示す。また、水蒸気透過率の低い酸化アルミニウム程、有機ELディスプレイにおける発光層の封止層に有効に用いることができることを意味する。
図5に示すように、窒素ガスを用いたプラズマの発生時間が0、すなわち、窒素ガスを用いたプラズマを発生させずに成膜処理を行う従来の方法に比べて、水蒸気透過率は極めて大きく低下し、したがって、膜のバルア性が向上することがわかる。
以上より、本実施形態で得られる金属酸化膜は、緻密な膜であり、水蒸気透過率が低いことがわかる。このため、例えば、有機ELディスプレイにおける発光層の封止層として好適に用いることができる。
以上、本発明の原子層成長方法及び原子層成長装置について詳細に説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態および変形例に限定されず、本発明の主旨を逸脱しない範囲において、種々の改良や変更をしてもよいのはもちろんである。
10 原子層成長装置
12 成膜容器
12a 突出壁
14 平行平板電極
14a 上部電極
14b 下部電極
16 ガス供給ユニット
16a TMA源
16b N2
16c O2
17a,17b,17c マスフローコントローラ
18 コントローラ
18a,18b,18c 管
20 高周波電源
22 マッチングボックス
24 排気ユニット
26 バルブ
28 排気管
30 サセプタ
30a 昇降軸
30b 昇降機構
32 ヒータ

Claims (9)

  1. 原子層成長方法であって、
    成膜空間内に配置された基板の上方に有機金属のガスを原料ガスとして流すことにより、基板に前記有機金属を吸着させる第1ステップと、
    前記基板に有機金属を吸着させた後、前記有機金属に対して化学反応しない第1ガスを用いて前記成膜空間内でプラズマを発生させる第2ステップと、
    前記第1ガスを排気した後、酸化ガスを第2ガスとして前記成膜空間に導入して前記第2ガスを用いて前記成膜空間でプラズマを発生させることで、前記基板に前記有機金属の金属成分が酸化した金属酸化膜を形成する第3ステップと、を有することを特徴とする原子層成長方法。
  2. 前記第1ガスは、前記成膜空間から前記原料ガスを排気するためのパージガスとして前記成膜空間に導入される、請求項1に記載の原子層成長方法。
  3. 前記第1ガスは、窒素ガス、アルゴンガス、及びヘリウムガスの群のなかから選ばれたガスである、請求項1または2に記載の原子層成長方法。
  4. 前記第1ガスは、窒素ガスであり、
    前記第1ガスを用いたプラズマの発生時間は、0.01〜10秒である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の原子層成長方法。
  5. 前記第1〜第3ステップにおいて、前記基板は90度以下に加熱保持される、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の原子層成長方法。
  6. 前記原料ガスがTMAであるとき、原料ガスを用いて形成される酸化アルミニウムの屈折率は、1.60以上1.68以下である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の原子層成長方法。
  7. 原子層成長装置であって、
    基板が配置される成膜空間を備える成膜容器と、
    前記成膜空間内に設けられ、プラズマを生成するプラズマ生成ユニットと、
    前記成膜空間に、有機金属を含む原料ガス、前記原料ガスに化学反応しない第1ガス、及び前記有機金属の金属成分を酸化させる第2ガス、のそれぞれを前記成膜空間に導入するガス供給ユニットと、
    前記原料ガス、前記第1ガス及び前記第2ガスのそれぞれの導入のタイミングと前記プラズマ生成用電極に給電する電力の給電のタイミングとを制御するコントローラ、とを有し、
    前記コントローラは、前記基板が配置された成膜空間に前記原料ガスを導入させるように制御した後、前記第1ガスの前記成膜空間への導入に合わせて、前記プラズマ生成ユニットが前記第1ガスを用いたプラズマを生成するように、前記コントローラは前記プラズマ生成ユニットへの給電を制御し、さらに、前記第2ガスの前記成膜空間への導入に合わせて、前記プラズマ生成ユニットが前記第2ガスを用いたプラズマを生成するように、前記コントローラは前記プラズマ生成ユニットへの給電を制御する、ことを特徴とする原子層成長装置。
  8. 前記第1ガスは、窒素ガスであり、
    前記第1ガスを用いたプラズマの発生時間を、0.01〜10秒にするように、前記コントローラは前記プラズマ生成ユニットへの給電を制御する、請求項7に記載の原子層成長装置。
  9. 前記基板は90度以下の温度に加熱保持される、請求項7又は8に記載の原子層成長装置。


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