JP2012082134A - 活性炭およびその製法 - Google Patents
活性炭およびその製法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012082134A JP2012082134A JP2011277678A JP2011277678A JP2012082134A JP 2012082134 A JP2012082134 A JP 2012082134A JP 2011277678 A JP2011277678 A JP 2011277678A JP 2011277678 A JP2011277678 A JP 2011277678A JP 2012082134 A JP2012082134 A JP 2012082134A
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- activated carbon
- earth metal
- alkaline earth
- powder
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 150000001341 alkaline earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- -1 organic acid salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 14
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229940097364 magnesium acetate tetrahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- XKPKPGCRSHFTKM-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;diacetate;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O XKPKPGCRSHFTKM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- HDNHWROHHSBKJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;furan-2-ylmethanol Chemical compound O=C.OCC1=CC=CO1 HDNHWROHHSBKJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012770 industrial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UPKIHOQVIBBESY-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;carbanide Chemical compound [CH3-].[CH3-].[Mg+2] UPKIHOQVIBBESY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006350 polyacrylonitrile resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DPLVEEXVKBWGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[K+].[K+] DPLVEEXVKBWGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CZMAXQOXGAWNDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1,2-triol Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)O CZMAXQOXGAWNDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明の活性炭は、比表面積が400〜2000m2/gであることを特徴とする。活性炭は、メソポア体積が0.16mL/g以上であることが好ましい。本発明はまた、本発明の活性炭の製法であって、有機質樹脂を、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物、水酸化物、炭酸塩、有機酸塩よりなる群から選択されるアルカリ土類金属化合物の少なくとも1種と混合し、非酸化性雰囲気で加熱焼成する工程を含む活性炭の製法を提供する。
【選択図】図2
Description
有機質樹脂としてPVA粉末(東京化成工業社製の試薬、ポリビニルアルコール、平均重合度2000)、賦活剤としてMgO粉末(関東化学社製の試薬)を使用し、これらを下記表1に示す比率で均一に混合した後、これをアルミナ製の焼成ボートに入れて電気炉へ装入する。次いで炉内をアルゴンガスで置換し、更にアルゴンガスを50〜100mL/minの速度で吹き込みながら10℃/minの速度で900℃まで昇温し、同温度で1時間加熱を続ける。この加熱処理によりPVC粉末は熱分解して炭化し、粉末状の酸化マグネシウムと炭化物の混合粉末が得られる。
賦活剤として水酸化マグネシウム(関東化学社製の試薬)を、PVAに対し質量比で1/1の比率で使用した以外は前記実施例1と同様にして活性炭粉末を得た。得られた活性炭粉末の比表面積は650m2/gであった。
賦活剤として酢酸マグネシウム四水和物(キシダ化学社製の試薬)を、無水物換算でPVAに対し質量比で1/4,1/1および7/3の比率で使用した以外は前記実施例1と同様にして活性炭粉末を得た。得られた活性炭粉末の比表面積は495m2/g,1085m2/gおよび1749m2/gであった。
賦活剤として塩基性炭酸マグネシウム(和光純薬社製の試薬)を、PVAに対し質量比で1/1の比率で使用した以外は前記実施例1と同様にして活性炭粉末を得た。得られた活性炭粉末の比表面積は1300m2/gであった。
賦活剤として酢酸マグネシウム4水和物(キシダ化学社製の試薬)を使用し、炭素源としてヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(HPC)粉末(東京化成工業社製)を水に質量比で3/1、5/1または7/1で溶解、乾燥して得られた混合粉末を使用した以外は前記実施例1と同様にして活性炭粉末を得た。得られた活性炭粉末の比表面積は、夫々1470m2/g、1330m2/gまたは1160m2/gであった。
有機質樹脂としてPET粉末(ユニチカ社製、商品名「SA2106」)、賦活剤として関東化学社製のMgO粉末を使用し、これらを質量比で1/1の比率で使用すると共に、加熱条件を、昇温速度10℃/min、900℃、1時間とした以外は前記実施例1と同様にして活性炭粉末を得た。得られた活性炭粉末の比表面積は750m2/gであった。
有機質樹脂としてPVA粉末(同前)、賦活剤として和光純薬社製のCaO粉末を使用し、これらを質量比で1/1の比率で使用すると共に、加熱条件を、昇温速度10℃/min、900℃、1時間とした以外は前記実施例1と同様にして活性炭粉末を得た。得られた活性炭粉末の比表面積は475m2/gであった。
上記実施例1において、マグネシウム化合物を使用せず、若しくは、酸化マグネシウムに代えて塩化ナトリウムを使用し、PVAとの配合比率を1:1、昇温速度および加熱条件を5℃/min、700℃(または900℃)1時間とした以外は前記実施例1と同様の条件で炭化処理を行い、炭化終了後、塩化ナトリウムを水洗除去し乾燥することによって粉末状の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭の比表面積を、実験条件と共に表2に一括して示す。
アルカリ土類金属化合物として、MgO粉末(関東化学社製の試薬)、水酸化マグネシウム(関東化学社製の試薬)、酢酸マグネシウム四水和物(キシダ化学社製の試薬)、有機質樹脂としてPVA粉末(東京化成工業社製の試薬、平均重合度2000)を使用し、下記の方法で活性炭の製造を行い、得られた炭素コートMgOの結晶子サイズと活性炭の平均細孔径を調べた。なお、MgOの結晶子サイズは、粉末XRD回折装置(リガク社製の商品名「RINT2500」;CuKα 40kV−100mA)を用いた回折線の半値幅からシェラー(scherrer)の式によって算出し、活性炭の平均細孔径は、窒素ガスによる77Kでの吸着等温線からBJH法(Barrett-Joyner-Halenda法)によって算出した。
有機質樹脂としてPVA粉末(同前、平均分子量2000)、HPC粉末(同前)またはPET粉末(同前)を使用し、夫々をMgO粉末(同前)と質量比(50/50)で混合し、アルゴンガス雰囲気下に900℃で1時間焼成した後、1モル濃度の硫酸で洗浄してMgOを溶出し、十分に水洗してから乾燥して活性炭粉末を得た。得られた各活性炭のBET比表面積を前記と同様の方法で測定すると共に、窒素ガスを用いた77Kでの吸着等温線からBJH法(Barrett-Joyner-Halenda法)によってミクロポアとメソポアの分布を調べたところ、表4および図1,2に示す結果が得られた。
Claims (5)
- 比表面積が400〜2000m2/gであることを特徴とする活性炭。
- メソポア体積が0.16mL/g以上である請求項1に記載の活性炭。
- 請求項1または2に記載の活性炭の製法であって、
有機質樹脂を、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物、水酸化物、炭酸塩、有機酸塩よりなる群から選択されるアルカリ土類金属化合物の少なくとも1種と混合し、非酸化性雰囲気で加熱焼成する工程を有することを特徴とする活性炭の製法。 - 前記加熱焼成の後、酸処理によってアルカリ土類金属酸化物を除去する請求項3に記載の活性炭の製法。
- 前記有機質樹脂として、炭素、水素、酸素のみからなるポリマーまたは樹脂を用いる請求項3または4に記載の活性炭の製法。
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