JP2012039685A - 蓄電池制御装置,充電スタンド及び蓄電池制御方法 - Google Patents
蓄電池制御装置,充電スタンド及び蓄電池制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012039685A JP2012039685A JP2010174986A JP2010174986A JP2012039685A JP 2012039685 A JP2012039685 A JP 2012039685A JP 2010174986 A JP2010174986 A JP 2010174986A JP 2010174986 A JP2010174986 A JP 2010174986A JP 2012039685 A JP2012039685 A JP 2012039685A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 130
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 71
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】電気自動車等に搭載の蓄電装置を制御するものであって、蓄電装置に蓄電する際の負荷電流を印加して電圧降下を算出し、その算出した電圧降下をもとに、電力系統の電圧降下が所定よりも小さくなるように電気自動車等に搭載の蓄電池への充電量を制限する。
【効果】一斉に多数の電気自動車等が充電を開始した際の充電を行おうとする電気自動車等の周囲の電圧変動を低減させることが可能となる。
【選択図】 図1
Description
以下、本発明の第1の実施例を図面を用いて説明する。図1は本発明の蓄電池系統連系制御装置が電気自動車中の部品として装備されている場合の実施例である。101は本発明の蓄電池系統連系制御装置であり、蓄電池系統連系制御装置101は電力線111,通信線112,記憶装置135,センサ136,制御コントローラ137,スイッチ138,140,負荷抵抗139から構成される。また、蓄電池系統連系制御装置101のほかに、電気自動車(以下EV)151には電池131,バッテリーコントローラ132,充電インレット226から構成される。充電インレット226は電力系統150と接続されている充電ケーブルと充電プラグ225を介して接続されEVに電力を供給する。電力系統から充電プラグ225,充電インレット226を介して電力が電力線111を介してバッテリーコントローラによる制御により電池131に供給される。図1中センサ136は、充電インレットの直後の位置で電流と電圧を測定して、通信線112を介してその測定値を制御コントローラ137,記憶装置135に送信する。記憶装置135では一時的に該測定値を蓄積し、必要があれば外部記憶装置に書き出す機能を有する。制御コントローラ137は図1中のスイッチ138,140の開閉、ならびに可変値を設定することが可能である負荷抵抗139の抵抗値を変更することが可能である。
(超過時間)=b×(c−a)/c
以下、本発明の第2の実施例を図面を用いて説明する。なお、以下の実施例では、それまでに説明した部分と異なる部分を説明し、同様な部分の説明は省略する。図6は本発明の蓄電池系統連系制御装置201が電気自動車の充電スタンドに装備されている場合の実施例である。201は本発明の蓄電池系統連系制御装置が装備された充電スタンドであり、図中に表示されていない表示装置、あるいは操作スイッチが具備されていてもよい。蓄電池系統連系制御装置201は電力線111,通信線112,記憶装置135,センサ136,制御コントローラ137,スイッチ138,140,負荷抵抗139,PLCモデム211,充電インレット221から構成される。充電スタンド201は電力系統150より電力線111にて電力の供給をうける。また、充電スタンドは充電インレット221を介して充電プラグ222と接続されて、EV100に接続されていて電力の授受を行う。EVと充電プラグを接続しているインレット222間はPLC(Power Line Communication)に代表される電力線通信により情報の授受が可能であるものとする。図示していないが、EV100には、図1に示す電池131とバッテリーコントローラ132と同等なものが備わっている(以下の実施例で同様)PLC通信を介して、EV中に搭載されている蓄電池の前記SOC,電池の内部電圧をPLCモデム211を介して通信線112を経由して制御コントローラは該情報を取得することが可能である。PLC通信で用いる通信方式は一般的なTCP/IP(Transport Protocol/Internet Protocol)でもよいし、特別な方式を持つ独自の通信方式を用いてもよい。
以下、本発明の第3の実施例を図面を用いて説明する。図9は本発明の蓄電池系統連系制御装置が電気自動車の充電時に利用する充電ケーブルのコントロールボックスに装備されている場合の実施例である。これは電気自動車の充電を定めたIEC61851−1規格書のMODE2、CASE B充電に相当する。271は本発明の蓄電池系統連系制御装置が装備された充電ケーブルであり、図中に表示されていない表示装置,操作スイッチ、あるいは漏電ブレーカーが具備されていてもよい。蓄電池系統連系制御装置は電力線111,通信線112,記憶装置135,センサ136,制御コントローラ137,スイッチ138,140,負荷抵抗139,PLCモデム212,充電プラグ241,232から構成される。充電ケーブル271は電力系統150より電力線230にて電力の供給をうける。また、充電ケーブルは充電インレット241を介して充電プラグ223と接続されて、EV100に接続されていて電力の授受を行う。また、一方の充電プラグ232は充電インレット234と接続されている。EVと充電プラグを接続しているインレット241と223間はPLC(Power Line Communication)に代表される電力線通信により情報の授受が可能であるものとする。PLC通信を介して、EV中に搭載されている蓄電池の前記SOC,電池の内部電圧をPLCモデム212を介して通信線112を経由して制御コントローラ137は該情報を取得することが可能である。PLC通信で用いる通信方式は一般的なTCP/IP(Transport Protocol/Internet Protocol)でもよいし、特別な方式を持つ独自の通信方式を用いてもよい。
以下、本発明の第4の実施例を図面を用いて説明する。図12は本発明の蓄電池系統連系制御装置が電気自動車中の部品として装備され、蓄電池系統連系制御装置が外部通信装置を具備していて、外部の制御センタと通信でデータの授受を行うことが可能な実施例である。101は本発明の蓄電池系統連系制御装置であり、蓄電池系統連携装置は電力線111,通信線112′,外部通信装置134,記憶装置135,センサ136,制御コントローラ137,スイッチ138,140,負荷抵抗139から構成される。また、蓄電池系統連系制御装置のほかに、電気自動車(以下EV)151には電池131,バッテリーコントローラ132,充電インレット226から構成される。バッテリーコントローラ132は通信線112′と接続されている。外部通信装置134は通信回線181にて制御センタ141と接続されている。充電インレット226は電力系統150と接続されている充電ケーブルと充電プラグ226を介して接続されEVに電力を供給する。電力系統から充電プラグ225,充電インレット226を介して電力が電力線111を介してバッテリーコントローラによる制御により電池131に供給される。図1中センサ136は、充電インレットの直後の位置で電流と電圧を測定して、通信線112′を介してその測定値を制御コントローラ137,記憶装置135に送信する。記憶装置135では一時的に該測定値を蓄積し、必要があれば外部記憶装置に書き出す機能を有する。外部通信装置134は通信線112′に接続され、通信回線181を介して授受される制御センタ141の制御信号を通信線112′を介して制御センサに伝達する。あるいはセンサ136からの測定情報を通信線112′,通信回線181を介して制御センタにて蓄積することも可能である。制御コントローラ137は図1中のスイッチ138,140の開閉、ならびに可変値を設定することが可能である負荷抵抗139の抵抗値を変更することが可能である。
以下、本発明の第5の実施例を図面を用いて説明する。第5の実施例を実現するための構成図は図12と同一である。図15に示す実施例は制御センタから各EVの充電を制御する場合の例である。このような例はドイツがIECに規格提案している「Non-Regulated」と呼ばれる充電システム方法を適用する際に適している。この制御を実現するためには、EVが接続しているかどうかを通信で認識する必要があるそのため、図12に示す構成に示すようにPLCモデム212が蓄電池系統連系装置201に具備されている例を用いて説明する。まず制御センタ141中の制御計算装置からあらかじめ記録装置903に登録してあるEVユーザに対して充電を依頼する際に外部通信装置901,外部通信装置134を介してEVが接続されているかどうかを処理801にて確認する。EV側での確認方法は外部通信装置134に到着したデータをもとに、外部通信装置134からPLCモデム212を介してEVが接続されているかどうかを判定することで可能である。ここでの確認結果を処理802にて制御センタの認証装置にて、正しいEVユーザからの応答かどうかを確認する。認証装置902にての認証結果は処理803にて制御計算装置に送られる。次に制御計算装置904はEVがどれだけの量を充電できるかどうかをもとに充電量を決めるため、EVの制御コントローラを介して充電対象のEVのSOC,充電する際の単位時間当たりの充電要求量に関するデータを処理805にて取得するための指令をEVに伝送する。制御コントローラ137はその指令に応じて外部通信装置134,外部通信装置901を介して、データが制御センタにとって正しいユーザから来たかどうかを認証するために、認証装置902にてユーザ認証を処理806にて行う。処理806にて実施された認証処理の結果は処理407にて制御計算装置に送られ、EVの充電実施に関するデータが記録装置903に蓄積される。その後、充電指令を処理809にて制御計算装置904,外部通信装置901,制御コントローラ137を介してEVに行う。EVをその指令をもとに充電を開始し、周期的に充電を実施していることを制御センタに伝達するため、処理810にて制御センタでユーザ認証を受けたのちに充電中の信号を制御センタに処理811にて伝送する。充電終了の際に、充電終了の信号が課金装置905に処理813にて伝送され、課金装置905ではEV搭載の蓄電池の充電要求より少ない単位時間当たりの充電電力量で充電行ったかどうかを前述した単位当たりの充電電力量から判定し、少ない時間単位当たりの充電電力量であった場合は終了遅延時間算出装置906にて遅延時間の算出を行う。なお、この遅延時間の算出方法は図5を用いて示した算出方法と同様である。この遅延時間を電力料金算出装置907に処理814にて伝送し、遅延時間分の割引分を電力料金算出装置で求め、その結果を処理815にて課金装置に伝送する。課金装置815に送られたデータは処理816にて制御計算装置に送られる。送られたデータは既記録装置903にユーザID,充電日時,開始時刻,終了時刻、前記した充電超過時間,電気料金を少なくとも含むデータのまとまりとして記録され、料金請求のためのデータベースとして利用する。
以下、本発明の第6の実施例を図面を用いて説明する。図19は本発明の蓄電池系統連系制御装置が電気自動車用充電スタンドの部品として装備され、蓄電池系統連系制御装置が外部通信装置を具備していて、外部の制御センタと通信でデータの授受を行うことが可能である実施例である。
以下、本発明の第7の実施例を図面を用いて説明する。図20は本発明の蓄電池系統連系制御装置が電気自動車用充電ケーブル中の部品として装備され、蓄電池系統連系制御装置が外部通信装置を具備していて、外部の制御センタと通信でデータの授受を行うことが可能である実施例である。
101 蓄電池系統連系制御装置
131 電池
132 バッテリーコントローラ
134,901 外部通信装置
135 記憶装置
136 センサ
137 制御コントローラ
138,140 スイッチ
139 負荷抵抗
150 電力系統
211,212 PLCモデム
225 コンセントプラグ
226 インレット
900 通信線
902 認証装置
903 記録装置
904 制御計算装置
905 課金装置
906 終了遅延時間算出装置
907 電力料金算出装置
Claims (12)
- 電力系統から負荷制限素子を介して蓄電池へ負荷電流が印加されたときの負荷状態である制限時負荷状態情報に基づいて前記蓄電池が前記電力系統に接続された場合の前記系統に係る電圧降下量を演算する演算部と、前記演算された電圧降下量に基づいて前記蓄電池への蓄電負荷量を制御する制御装置へ制御指令信号を出力する制御部を有することを特徴とする蓄電池制御装置。
- 請求項1において、前記負荷制限素子は抵抗器であり、前記負荷状態は前記抵抗器を流れる電流に係る電圧値及び電流値であり、前記制御指令信号は、前記電力系統から前記蓄電池への電流を制限する抵抗値の設定信号であることを特徴とする蓄電池制御装置。
- 請求項2において、前記抵抗値は前記電圧降下量が所定範囲となるように求められることを特徴とする蓄電池制御装置。
- 請求項3において、電力系統から前記負荷制限素子を介して前記蓄電池へ供給される電流を遮断又は導通させる第1のスイッチと、電力系統から前記負荷制限素子を迂回させて前記蓄電池へ供給される電流を遮断又は導通させる第2のスイッチを有し、前記制御部は、前記第1のスイッチと前記第2のスイッチの遮断又は導通を制御する信号を出力することを特徴とする蓄電池制御装置。
- 請求項1において、前記蓄電池に蓄電する電力要求量を受け取って、前記電力要求量に基づいて前記電圧降下量が所定範囲となるように前記蓄電池の蓄電計画を演算し、前記演算された蓄電計画に沿って前記制御指令を出力する制御部を有することを特徴とする蓄電池制御装置。
- 請求項5において、電力線搬送プロトコルにより前記いずれかの情報が伝送されることを特徴とする蓄電池制御装置。
- 請求項5において、前記蓄電計画における蓄電時間を予め決められた蓄電時間とを比較する蓄電時間比較部を有し、前記比較結果に基づいてアラーム信号を出力することを特徴とする蓄電池制御装置。
- 請求項1において、電力系統から前記蓄電池への負荷量に基づいて課金量を演算する課金演算部を有することを特徴とする蓄電池制御装置。
- 請求項1において、電力系統から前記蓄電池への割当てを示す負荷割当量を得て、前記負荷割当量に応じて電力系統から蓄電池への負荷量を制限することを特徴とする蓄電池制御装置。
- 電力系統から負荷制限素子を介して電気自動車搭載の蓄電池へ負荷電流が印加されたときの負荷状態である制限時負荷状態情報に基づいて前記蓄電池が前記電力系統に接続された場合の前記系統に係る電圧降下量を演算する演算部と、前記演算された電圧降下量に基づいて前記蓄電池への電力供給量を制御する制御部を有することを特徴とする蓄電池制御装置。
- 電力系統から電気自動車搭載の蓄電池へ充電する充電スタンドにおいて、電力系統から負荷制限素子を介して電気自動車搭載の蓄電池へ負荷電流が印加されたときの負荷状態である制限時負荷状態情報に基づいて前記蓄電池が前記電力系統に接続された場合の前記系統に係る電圧降下量を演算する演算部と、前記演算された電圧降下量に基づいて前記電力系統から電気自動車搭載の蓄電池への充電を制御する制御部を有することを特徴とする充電スタンド。
- 電力系統から負荷制限素子を介して蓄電池へ負荷電流が印加されたときの負荷状態である制限時負荷状態情報に基づいて前記蓄電池が前記電力系統に接続された場合の前記系統に係る電圧降下量を演算し、前記演算された電圧降下量に基づいて前記蓄電池への蓄電負荷量を制御する制御指令信号を出力する蓄電池制御方法。
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- 2011-08-01 CN CN201180037749.8A patent/CN103053091B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP5001444B1 (ja) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-08-15 | パナソニック株式会社 | 車載用充電装置 |
WO2012132459A1 (ja) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-04 | パナソニック株式会社 | 車載用充電装置 |
JP5942171B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-30 | 2016-06-29 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 車載用充電装置 |
DE102012221807A1 (de) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-05-28 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Laden eines elektrischen Energiespeichers eines Elektrofahrzeugs an einer Steckdose mit Reduktion des Ladestroms nach Ausfall und Wiedereinsetzen der Stromversorgung |
US10682915B2 (en) | 2012-11-28 | 2020-06-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Charging an electrical energy store on an electric vehicle at a socket with reduction of the charging current after failure and restoration of the power supply |
CN103944207A (zh) * | 2013-01-22 | 2014-07-23 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 电动交通工具充电相关信息处理和显示 |
WO2022172046A1 (ja) * | 2021-02-10 | 2022-08-18 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 充放電制御システム及び充放電制御方法 |
US11984726B2 (en) | 2021-02-10 | 2024-05-14 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Charge/discharge control method for charge/discharge element and charge/discharge control device for charge/discharge element |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20130119947A1 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
EP2602909A4 (en) | 2016-09-21 |
CN103053091A (zh) | 2013-04-17 |
WO2012017985A1 (ja) | 2012-02-09 |
CN103053091B (zh) | 2015-07-15 |
EP2602909A1 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
EP2602909B1 (en) | 2020-03-04 |
JP5417280B2 (ja) | 2014-02-12 |
US9178381B2 (en) | 2015-11-03 |
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