JP2011525917A - アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストを投薬する方法および処置される患者をモニターする方法 - Google Patents
アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストを投薬する方法および処置される患者をモニターする方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
この出願は2008年6月26日に出願された米国仮出願番号61/133,354の利益を主張し、上記仮出願の明細書は、その全容が参照によって本明細書に援用される。
形質転換増殖因子β(TGF−β)スーパーファミリーは、共通する配列エレメントおよび構造モチーフを共有する様々な増殖因子を含む。これらのタンパク質は、脊椎動物および無脊椎動物の両方で多種多様の細胞型に生物効果を発揮することが公知である。このスーパーファミリーのメンバーは、パターン形成および組織特化における胚発生中に重要な機能を発揮し、脂質生成、筋形成、軟骨形成、心臓発生、造血、神経発生および上皮細胞分化を含む、様々な分化過程に影響し得る。ファミリーは、2つの一般的なブランチ、BMP/GDFブランチおよびTGF−β/アクチビン/BMP10ブランチに分けられ、そのメンバーは多様で、しばしば相補的な影響を有する。TGF−βファミリーのメンバーの活性を操作することによって、生物体でかなりの生理的変化を引き起こすことがしばしば可能である。例えば、ウシ品種PiedmonteseおよびBelgian Blueは、筋肉量の顕著な増加を引き起こす、GDF8(ミオスタチンとも呼ばれる)遺伝子の機能喪失変異を有する。Grobetら、Nat Genet.1997年、17巻(1号):71〜4頁。さらに、ヒトでは、GDF8の不活性対立遺伝子は、筋肉量の増加および、報告によると、特に優れた力に関連する。Schuelkeら、N Engl J Med 2004年、350巻:2682〜8頁。
一部、本開示は、アクチビンアンタゴニストならびにActRIIaアンタゴニスト(「アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニスト」と総称される)が赤血球を含む様々な組織に及ぼし得る影響を考慮した上で適当である様式によって、患者にそのようなアンタゴニストを投与する方法に関する。一部、本開示は、アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストが赤血球およびヘモグロビンのレベルを高め得、そのうえ骨密度を高め得ることを実証する。この二重効果は、貧血および骨減少の両方を有する患者、例えば多くのがん患者(貧血および骨減少は、腫瘍の結果または放射線治療もしくは化学療法の結果であり得る)、骨粗鬆症患者および腎不全患者で特に有利である。詳細には、本開示は、可溶性形態のActRIIaがアクチビンのインヒビターとして作用すること、またインビボで投与された場合、赤血球レベルを高めることを実証する。可溶性ActRIIaはアクチビン拮抗以外の機構を通して赤血球レベルに影響を及ぼし得るが、それにもかかわらず、本開示は、アクチビン拮抗またはActRIIa拮抗、またはその両方に基づいて望ましい治療薬を選択することができることを実証する。そのような薬剤は、アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストと総称される。本明細書に、ならびに公開特許出願WO/2009/038745、WO/2008/100384、WO/2008/094708、WO/2008/076437、WO/2007/062188およびWO/2006/012627に記載のように、アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストはまた、例えば骨増殖を促進すること、FSHレベルを低下させること、多発性骨髄腫を処置することおよび乳がんを処置することを含む、様々な他の治療用途も有する。特定の例では、骨増殖を促進するためまたは乳がんを処置するためにアクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストを投与する場合、赤血球に対する望ましくない影響を低減させるために、アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストの投与の間、赤血球に対する影響をモニターすること、またはアクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストの投薬を判定もしくは調節することが望ましい場合がある。例えば、赤血球レベル、ヘモグロビンレベルまたはヘマトクリットレベルの過剰な上昇は、血圧の上昇または他の望ましくない副作用の原因となることがある。適当な血液学的パラメータを有する患者へのアクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストの投薬を制限することも、望ましい場合がある。例えば、正常未満のヘモグロビンレベル(例えば、12g/dL未満、11g/dL未満、10g/dL未満もしくは9g/dL未満またはそれより低い)を有する患者だけ投薬を制限することが望ましい場合がある。
(1.概要)
形質転換増殖因子β(TGF−β)スーパーファミリーは、共通する配列エレメントおよび構造モチーフを共有する様々な増殖因子を含む。これらのタンパク質は、脊椎動物および無脊椎動物で、多種多様の細胞型に生物効果を発揮することが公知である。このスーパーファミリーのメンバーは、パターン形成および組織特異化における胚発生中に重要な機能を発揮し、脂質生成、筋形成、軟骨形成、心臓発生、造血、神経発生および上皮細胞分化を含む、様々な分化過程に影響することができる。ファミリーは、2つの一般的なブランチ、BMP/GDFブランチおよびTGF−β/アクチビン/BMP10ブランチに分けられ、そのメンバーは多様で、しばしば相補的な影響を有する。TGF−βファミリーのメンバーの活性を操作することによって、生物体でかなりの生理的変化を引き起こすことがしばしば可能である。例えば、ウシ品種のPiedmonteseおよびBelgian Blueは、筋肉量の顕著な増加を引き起こす、GDF8(ミオスタチンとも呼ばれる)遺伝子の機能喪失変異を有する。Grobetら、Nat Genet. 1997年、17巻(1号):71〜4頁。さらに、ヒトでは、GDF8の不活性対立遺伝子は、筋肉量の増加および、報告によると、特に優れた力に関連する。Schuelkeら、N Engl J Med 2004年、350巻:2682〜8頁。
特定の態様では、本発明はActRIIaポリペプチドに関する。本明細書で用いるように、用語「ActRIIa」は、任意の種からのアクチビン受容体IIa型(ActRIIa)タンパク質のファミリー、および変異誘発または他の修飾によってそのようなActRIIaタンパク質から誘導される改変体を指す。本明細書でのActRIIaへの言及は、現在同定されている形態のいずれか1つへの言及であると理解される。ActRIIaファミリーのメンバーは一般に膜貫通タンパク質であり、システインリッチ領域を有するリガンド結合性細胞外ドメイン、膜貫通ドメインおよび予測されるセリン/スレオニンキナーゼ活性を有する細胞質ドメインで構成される。
特定の態様では、本発明は、本明細書で開示される断片、機能的改変体および融合タンパク質を含む、ActRIIaポリペプチドのいずれか(例えば、可溶性ActRIIaポリペプチド)をコードする単離された核酸および/または組換え体の核酸を提供する。例えば、配列番号4は天然に存在するヒトActRIIa前駆体ポリペプチドをコードし、配列番号5はActRIIaのプロセシングされた細胞外ドメインをコードする。対象核酸は、一本鎖でも二本鎖でもよい。そのような核酸は、DNA分子でもRNA分子でもよい。例えば、ActRIIaポリペプチドを作製する方法において、または直接的な治療薬(例えば、遺伝子治療手法で)として、これらの核酸を用いることができる。
本明細書に示すデータは、赤血球またはヘモグロビンのレベルを高めるために、アクチビン−ActRIIaシグナル伝達のアンタゴニストを用いることができることを実証する。可溶性ActRIIaポリペプチド、特にActRIIa−Fcが好ましいアンタゴニストであるが、ならびにそのようなアンタゴニストはアクチビン拮抗以外の機構を通して赤血球レベルに影響を及ぼし得るが(例えば、アクチビン阻害は、おそらくTGF−βスーパーファミリーの他のメンバーを含む多様な分子の活性を阻害する薬剤の傾向の指標であり得、そのような総体的な阻害は造血に対して所望の効果をもたらし得る)、ActRIIaの生成を阻害する抗アクチビン(例えば、アクチビンβA、βB、βCおよびβE)抗体、抗ActRIIa抗体、アンチセンス、RNAiまたはリボザイム核酸、およびアクチビンまたはActRIIaの他のインヒビター、特にアクチビン−ActRIIa結合を破壊するものを含む、他の型のアクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストが有用であると予想される。
特定の実施形態では、本発明は、アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストで処置された患者、またはそれで処置される候補である患者を、その患者において1つまたは複数の血液学的パラメータを測定することによって管理する方法を提供する。血液学的パラメータは、アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストで処置される候補である患者のために適当な投薬を評価するために、アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストによる処置中に血液学的パラメータをモニターするために、アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストによる処置中に投薬量を調節するべきかどうかを評価するために、および/またはアクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストの適当な維持用量を評価するために用いることができる。血液学的パラメータの1つまたは複数が正常レベルの外にある場合、アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストの投薬を低減すること、遅らせることまたは終了することができる。
特定の実施形態では、本発明のアクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニスト(例えば、ActRIIaポリペプチド)は、薬学的に許容される担体と共に処方される。例えば、ActRIIaポリペプチドは、単独で、または薬学的処方物(治療組成物)の成分として投与することができる。対象化合物は、ヒトまたは獣医学の薬で使用するための、任意の便利な方法における投与のために処方することができる。
目下、本発明を一般的に記載しており、本発明は、下記の実施例を参照することによってより容易に理解され、下記の実施例は、単に特定の実施形態および本発明の実施形態を例示するために含まれ、本発明を限定するものではない。
本出願人らは、間に最小限のリンカーを用いてヒトまたはマウスのFcドメインに融合させたヒトActRIIaの細胞外ドメインを有する可溶性ActRIIa融合タンパク質を構築した。この構築物を、それぞれ、ActRIIa−hFcおよびActRIIa−mFcと称する。
ActRIIa−hFc融合タンパク質を、配列番号9の組織プラスミノーゲンリーダー配列を使用して、pAID4ベクター(SV40 ori/エンハンサー、CMVプロモーター)から、安定にトランスフェクトしたCHO−DUKX BI1細胞において発現させた。実施例1で前述の通りに精製したこのタンパク質は配列番号7の配列を有した。Fc部分は、配列番号7に示されているように、ヒトIgG1のFc配列である。シアル酸分析によって、このタンパク質が、平均すると、ActRIIa−hFc融合タンパク質の分子当たり約1.5〜2.5モルのシアル酸を含有することが示された。
この試験では、それぞれ雄性カニクイザル5頭および雌性カニクイザル5頭の4つの群を使用し、群当たり性別当たり3頭について、29日目に終了するようにスケジュール設定し、群当たり性別当たり2頭について、57日目に終了するようにスケジュール設定した。各動物に、ビヒクル(第1群)または1mg/kg、10mg/kg、もしくは30mg/kgの用量のActRIIa−Fc(それぞれ、第2群、第3群および第4群)を、1日目、8日目、15日目および22日目に静脈内(IV)注射によって投与した。投与量を3mL/kgで維持した。最初の投与の2日前、および最初の投与の15日後、29日後および57日後(残りの2頭の動物について)に赤血球レベルの種々の尺度について査定した。
実施例1に記載のActRIIa−hFc融合タンパク質を、主に、閉経後の健康な女性におけるこのタンパク質の安全性を評価するために行った、無作為化した二重盲検のプラセボ対照試験においてヒト患者に投与した。48人の被験体を6つのコホートに無作為化してActRIIa−hFcまたはプラセボいずれかの単回投与を受けさせた(活性5:プラセボ1)。用量レベルは静脈内(IV)では0.01〜3.0mg/kgの範囲であり、皮下(SC)では0.03〜0.1mg/kgの範囲であった。すべての被験体を120日間追跡した。薬物動態(PK)分析に加え、ActRIIa−hFcの生物活性についても、骨形成および骨吸収の生化学マーカーならびにFSHレベルを測定することによって査定した。
ActRIIa−hFcを、0.1mg/kg、0.3mg/kgおよび1.0mg/kgの用量レベルで、30日ごとの投薬で複数回投与して患者を処置するための臨床試験を設計した。この治験において、正常で健康な患者はヘモグロビンおよびヘマトクリットの増加を示し、これは、場合によっては、ヘモグロビンおよびヘマトクリットが正常範囲を超えて上昇したことを除いて、実施例4で報告した第I相臨床治験において見られた増加と一致した。ヘモグロビンがおよそ7.5である貧血患者も、1mg/kgレベルで2回の投薬を受け、その結果、2カ月後のヘモグロビンレベルはおよそ10.5になった。患者の貧血は小球性貧血であり、慢性的な鉄欠乏によって引き起こされると考えられた。
この試験では、骨髄および脾臓内の造血前駆細胞の頻度に対するActRIIa−mFcのインビボ投与の効果を分析した。マウスの1群に、対照としてPBSを注射し、マウスの第2群に、10mg/kgのActRIIa−mFcを2用量を投与し、両群を8日後に屠殺した。末梢血を使用して完全血球計算を行い、大腿および脾臓を使用してインビトロ試験管内腫瘍細胞感受性試験を行って、各器官内のリンパ球前駆細胞、赤血球前駆細胞および骨髄系前駆細胞の含量を査定した。末梢血では、化合物で処置されたマウスにおいて赤血球およびヘモグロビンの含量量に有意な増加が見られた。大腿では、対照と処置群との間で、有核細胞数または前駆細胞含量に差異はなかった。脾臓では、化合物で処置した群は、赤血球溶解前の有核細胞数、および皿当たりの成熟赤血球前駆細胞(CFU−E)コロニー数、脾臓当たりの頻度および全前駆細胞数で、統計学的に有意な増加を経験した。さらに、脾臓当たりの骨髄系前駆細胞(CFU−GM)、未成熟赤血球前駆細胞(BFU−E)の数および全前駆細胞数の増加が見られた。
6〜8週齢の雌性BDF1マウス16匹を試験に使用した。マウス8匹について、1日目および3日目に10mg/kgの用量の試験化合物ActRIIa−mFcを皮下注射し、マウス8匹について、対照ビヒクルのリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)をマウス当たり100μLの量で皮下注射した。すべてのマウスを、最初の注射の8日後に、関連する動物の取り扱いに関するガイドライン(Animal Care Guidelines)に従って屠殺した。個々の動物からの末梢血(PB)試料を心臓穿刺によって採取し、完全血球計算および鑑別(CBC/Diff)に使用した。各マウスから大腿および脾臓を収集した。
(CBC/Diff計算)
心臓穿刺によって各マウスからPBを採取し、適切なマイクロティナ(microtainer)管内に置いた。試料を、CellDyn3500カウンターで分析するためにCLVに送った。
骨髄系列、赤血球系列およびリンパ球系列のクローン原性前駆細胞を、下記のインビトロのメチルセルロースベース培地系を使用して査定した。
成熟赤血球系列のクローン原性前駆細胞(CFU−E)を、組換えヒト(rh)エリスロポイエチン(3U/mL)を含有するメチルセルロースベース培地MethoCultTM3334中で培養した。
リンパ球系列のクローン原性前駆細胞(CFU−pre−B)を、rhインターロイキン7(10ng/mL)を含有するメチルセルロースベース培地MethoCult(登録商標)3630中で培養した。
顆粒球−単球系列のクローン原性前駆細胞(CFU−GM)、赤血球系列のクローン原性前駆細胞(BFU−E)および多能性系列のクローン原性前駆細胞(CFU−GEMM)を、組換えマウス(rm)幹細胞因子(50ng/mL)、rhインターロイキン6(10ng/mL)、rmインターロイキン3(10ng/mL)およびrhエリスロポイエチン(3U/mL)を含有するメチルセルロースベース培地MethoCultTM3434中で培養した。
マウスの大腿および脾臓を、標準のプロトコルによって処理した。簡単に述べると、21ゲージの針および1ccの注射器を使用して2%のウシ胎仔血清を含有するイスコフ改変ダルベッコ培地(Iscove’s Modified Dulbecco’s Media)(IMDM2%FBS)で大腿腔を洗い流すことによって骨髄を得た。70μMのフィルターを通して脾臓を粉砕し、そのフィルターをIMDM2%FBSですすぐことによって脾臓細胞を得た。次いで、Neubauer計算チャンバーを使用して単一の細胞懸濁物について3%氷酢酸中での有核細胞の計算を行って、器官当たりの全細胞を算出することができるようにした。次いで、混入した赤血球を除去するために、全脾臓細胞を3倍量の塩化アンモニウム溶解緩衝液で希釈し、氷上で10分間インキュベートした。次いで細胞を洗浄し、IMDM2%FBSに再懸濁させ、第2の細胞計算を行って溶解後の細胞の細胞濃度を決定した。
試験管内腫瘍細胞感受性試験の3連の培養物ならびに全データセットについての対照群および処置群について平均+/−1標準偏差を計算した。
皿当たりのプレーティングされた細胞
皿当たりのスコア化した平均CFC
大腿または脾臓当たりの全CFCを下記の通り計算した:
スコア化された全CFC×大腿または脾臓当たりの有核細胞数(RBC溶解の後)
培養された有核細胞の数
標準のt検定を行って、PBS対照マウスと化合物で処置したマウスとの間で、細胞または造血前駆細胞の平均数に差異があるかどうかを査定した。コロニーの列挙の潜在的な主観性のために、0.01未満のp値を有意であるとみなす。各群についての平均値(+/−SD)を下記の表に示す。
本明細書に記載の方法によって使用することができる種々のActRIIa改変体が、その全体が参照により本明細書に援用されるWO2006/012627として公表された国際特許出願に記載されている(例えば、55〜58頁を参照)。代替の構築物は、C末端テイルの欠失を有し得る(ActRIIaの細胞外ドメインの最後の15アミノ酸)。そのような構築物についての配列は、下記に示す(Fc部分に下線)(配列番号12)。
本出願人らは、マウスにおける化学療法誘発性貧血に対するActRIIA−mFcの効果について調査した。2つの試験のうち第1の試験では、6週齢の雌性C57BL/6マウスに、化学療法剤パクリタキセル(20mg/kg、i.p.)を単回投与する3日前に、ActRIIA−mFc(10mg/kg、s.c.)またはビヒクル(リン酸緩衝生理食塩水)を単回投与して処置した。血液試料を、化学療法の前、次いでパクリタキセルの3日後、7日後および14日後に採取した(時点当たりコホート当たりn=6)。ActRIIA−mFcは、そうでなければパクリタキセル後に観察されたヘマトクリットレベルの減退を防止し(図15)、ヘモグロビン濃度およびRBC数について同様の効果を観察した。第2の試験では、6週齢の雌性C57BL/6マウスに、パクリタキセル(20mg/kg、単回投与、i.p.)前から、異なる投薬回数のActRIIA−mFc(10mg/kg、s.c.)、またはビヒクル(PBS)を与え、3日または4日の間隔で継続した。血液試料を、パクリタキセルの3日後、7日後および14日後に採取した(時点当たりコホート当たりn=8)。14日目に、ActRIIA−mFc処置で、ヘマトクリットレベルが投薬回数の関数として漸次増加した(図16)。したがって、ActRIIA−mFcにより、化学療法誘発性貧血を和らげるかまたは予防するために十分に赤血球生成を刺激することができる。
本出願人らは、慢性腎臓疾患のモデルとしてマウスにおいて腎摘出誘発性貧血に対するActRIIA−mFcの効果を調査した。2つの試験のうち第1の試験では、雌性C57BL/6マウスに、全腎臓量のおよそ6分の5を除去する部分的な外科的腎摘出術を行ってエリスロポイエチンの産生を低下させた。マウスに、腎欠損をさらに促進するために高脂肪食を用いた4週間の回復期間を与え、次いでActRIIA−mFc(10mg/kg、s.c.)またはビヒクル(PBS)で週2回、全部で8週間処置した。血液試料を、投薬の開始前、処置の4週間後、および処置の8週間後に採取した(時点当たりコホート当たりn=8)。対照マウスが8週間の処置期間にわたってヘマトクリットレベルの減退を示した一方、ActRIIA−mFc処置により、4週間目において低下が予防され、8週間目においても有益な傾向がもたらされた(図17)。より長い回復期間(2カ月)および標準食を使用したことが主に異なる第2の試験においても、ActRIIA−mFc処置による対照を超えた同様の利点を観察した。したがって、ActRIIA−mFcにより、慢性腎臓疾患のモデルにおいて貧血を予防するかまたは和らげるために十分な赤血球生成を刺激することができる。
本明細書で言及したすべての出版物および特許は、個々の出版物または特許がそれぞれ、具体的かつ個別に、参照により援用されると示されたかのように、本明細書にその全体が参照により援用される。
Claims (44)
- アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストで処置された患者、またはそれで処置される候補である患者を管理する方法であって、前記患者において赤血球レベルの上昇と相関する1つまたは複数の血液学的パラメータをモニターすることを含む、方法。
- 前記血液学的パラメータが赤血球レベル、血圧または鉄貯蔵の1つまたは複数である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者において前記血液学的パラメータの観察されたレベルに適当な量で前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストを前記患者に投与することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者がベースラインより上昇した血圧を有するか、または高血圧症である場合、前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストによる投薬が低減、遅延または終了される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者がベースラインより上昇した血圧を有するか、または高血圧症である場合、前記患者が前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストの投与の前に血圧降下剤で処置される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が制御されない高血圧を有する場合、前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストによる投薬が低減、遅延または終了される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が、類似した年齢および性別の患者の正常範囲より高い赤血球レベルを有する場合、前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストによる投薬が低減、遅延または終了される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が15g/dlより高いヘモグロビンレベルを有する場合、前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストによる投薬が低減、遅延または終了される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が10、11または12g/dlより高いヘモグロビンレベルを有する場合、前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストによる投薬が低減、遅延または終了される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が、類似した年齢および性別の患者の正常範囲より低い鉄貯蔵を有する場合、前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストによる投薬が低減、遅延または終了される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が20%未満のトランスフェリン飽和を有する場合、前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストによる投薬が低減、遅延または終了される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が100ng/ml未満のフェリチンレベルを有する場合、前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストによる投薬が低減、遅延または終了される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が類似した年齢および性別の患者の正常範囲より低い鉄貯蔵を有する場合、前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストによる投薬の前に前記患者が鉄サプリメントで処置される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が20%未満のトランスフェリン飽和を有する場合、前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストによる投薬の前に前記患者が鉄サプリメントで処置される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が100ng/ml未満のフェリチンレベルを有する場合、前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストによる投薬の前に前記患者が鉄サプリメントで処置される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 赤血球レベルをモニターすることがヘモグロビンレベルおよびヘマトクリットレベルの1つまたは複数をモニターすることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 血圧をモニターすることが収縮期血圧、拡張期血圧または平均動脈圧の1つまたは複数をモニターすることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 鉄貯蔵をモニターすることがトランスフェリン飽和、フェリチンレベルまたは総鉄結合能の1つまたは複数をモニターすることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストを患者に投薬する方法であって、2週間で1g/dlを超えるヘモグロビンレベルの上昇を引き起こす危険を減少させるように選択される量および間隔で前記患者に投薬することを含む、方法。
- 前記患者が貧血を患っている、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が骨増殖、骨密度の増加または骨強度の増加を必要とする、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が骨関連の障害を患っている、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記患者ががんを有する、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が乳がんを有する、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストが、アクチビンおよびActRIIAからなる群より選択される標的タンパク質に結合する抗体である、請求項1〜19のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストがインヒビンまたはインヒビンの保存的改変体である、請求項1〜19のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストが、アクチビンに結合して拮抗するフォリスタチンドメインを含むタンパク質である、請求項1〜19のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストが、フォリスタチン、フォラスタチン関連遺伝子(FLRG)および上記の保存的改変体からなる群より選択されるタンパク質である、請求項1〜19のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストが、
a)配列番号2と少なくとも90%同一であるアミノ酸配列を含むポリペプチド、
b)配列番号3と少なくとも90%同一であるアミノ酸配列を含むポリペプチド、および
c)配列番号2から選択される少なくとも50個の連続的なアミノ酸を含むポリペプチド、
d)配列番号7と少なくとも90%同一であるアミノ酸配列を含むポリペプチド、
e)配列番号12と少なくとも90%同一であるアミノ酸配列を含むポリペプチド、および
f)配列番号7から選択される少なくとも50個の連続的なアミノ酸を含むポリペプチド
からなる群より選択されるActRIIaポリペプチドである、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記ポリペプチドが、以下の特性
i)少なくとも10−7MのKDでActRIIaリガンドに結合する
ii)細胞内のActRIIaシグナル伝達を阻害する
の1つまたは複数を有する、請求項29に記載の方法。 - 前記ポリペプチドが、ActRIIaポリペプチドドメインに加えて、インビボ安定性、インビボ半減期、取込み/投与、組織局在化もしくは分布、タンパク質複合体の形成および/または精製の1つまたは複数を強化する1つまたは複数のポリペプチド部分を含む融合タンパク質である、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記融合タンパク質が、免疫グロブリンFcドメインおよび血清アルブミンからなる群より選択されるポリペプチド部分を含む、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリペプチドが、グリコシル化アミノ酸、PEG化アミノ酸、ファルネシル化アミノ酸、アセチル化アミノ酸、ビオチン化アミノ酸、脂質部分に結合体化されたアミノ酸、および有機誘導体化剤に結合体化されたアミノ酸から選択される、1つまたは複数の修飾されたアミノ酸残基を含む、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記アクチビン−ActRIIaアンタゴニストが、
a)配列番号3のアミノ酸配列、
b)配列番号2のアミノ酸配列、
c)配列番号7のアミノ酸配列、
d)配列番号7のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも90%同一であるアミノ酸配列、
e)配列番号7のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも95%同一であるアミノ酸配列、
f)配列番号12のアミノ酸配列、および
g)配列番号13のアミノ酸配列
からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を含むActRIIa−Fc融合タンパク質である、請求項29に記載の方法。 - ActRIIa−Fc融合タンパク質を患者に投与する方法であって、60日に1回以下の頻度で前記ActRIIa−Fc融合タンパク質を投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記アクチビンアンタゴニストが90日に1回以下の頻度で前記患者に投与される、請求項35に記載の方法。
- 前記アクチビンアンタゴニストが120日に1回以下の頻度で前記患者に投与される、請求項35に記載の方法。
- ActRIIa−Fc融合タンパク質を、それを必要とする患者に投与する方法であって、前記ActRIIa−Fc融合タンパク質を、10g/dL未満のヘモグロビンレベルを有する患者に投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記患者が11g/dL未満のヘモグロビンレベルを有する、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が12g/dL未満のヘモグロビンレベルを有する、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が骨増殖、骨密度の増加または骨強度の増加を必要とする、請求項38〜40のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記患者が骨関連障害を患っている、請求項38〜40のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記患者ががんを有する、請求項38〜40のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記患者が乳がんを有する、請求項38〜40のいずれかに記載の方法。
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