JP2011524618A - ガス拡散層 - Google Patents
ガス拡散層 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011524618A JP2011524618A JP2011513957A JP2011513957A JP2011524618A JP 2011524618 A JP2011524618 A JP 2011524618A JP 2011513957 A JP2011513957 A JP 2011513957A JP 2011513957 A JP2011513957 A JP 2011513957A JP 2011524618 A JP2011524618 A JP 2011524618A
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013532 laser treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical group N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0239—Organic resins; Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0234—Carbonaceous material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0241—Composites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04171—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal using adsorbents, wicks or hydrophilic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
・ 親水性繊維をマイクロポーラス層(MPL)に組み込むこと
・ 親水性繊維をMPL/触媒境界層に導入すること
・ 繊維を基材/MPL境界層に導入すること
・ マイクロ/ナノスケールの親水性物質で印刷されたパターンを導入すること
によってもたらすことができる。
Sigracet(登録商標)GDL 25 BA(SGL Technologies GmbH, Meitingen)のタイプのカーボン繊維ペーパーに、実験室用ドクターブレードで塗布ペーストを塗布し(層厚30〜50μm)、引き続き、350℃で10分間焼結する。該塗布ペースト(77%のアセチレンブラック、23%のPTFE、および有機結合剤物質からなる)に、種々の量の予め粉砕されたアルミニウム酸化物繊維(事前に水中で分散したもの)を添加する。
試料B: ペーストの固形物含有量に対して0.29%のアルミニウム酸化物繊維
試料C: ペーストの固形物含有量に対して0.67%のアルミニウム酸化物繊維。
アルミニウム酸化物繊維の水性分散液(0.01ないし0.05%、結合剤/分散剤の添加物)を、ふるい(例えばシートマシン/抄紙機)上にある未処理のGDL基材を介し、真空下で水分を取り除く。それによって、x−y−方向に配向している繊維堆積物がGDL上で生じる。乾燥後、マイクロポーラス層を有するGDLが提供される。
Claims (15)
- 高分子電解質メンブレン(PEM)を用いた燃料電池用の、構造化された親水性部を有するカーボン繊維に基づくガス拡散層において、0.5〜80μmの平均ドメインサイズにおける金属酸化物の群から選択される親水性の性質を有する材料が、ガス拡散層中で親水性の芯として存在することを特徴とするガス拡散層。
- 金属酸化物が、Si、Al、Ti、B、Sn、Zrからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のガス拡散層。
- 親水性のドメインが、疎水性のドメインによって離間されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のガス拡散層。
- 疎水性のドメインが、好ましくはPTFE、PVDFからなる群から選択される、フッ素含有ポリマーまたは疎水性のゾル−ゲルを含有することを特徴とする、請求項3に記載のガス拡散層。
- 親水性ドメイン間の距離が10μm〜3mmの範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載のガス拡散層。
- 親水性のドメインがパターン状に存在することを特徴とする、請求項1から5までの1項以上に記載のガス拡散層。
- 親水性のドメインが、線形で配列されていることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載のガス拡散層。
- 親水性のドメインが、多角形、好ましくは菱形または六角形の形態で配列されていることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載のガス拡散層。
- 疎水性ドメインに対する親水性ドメインの面積比が、10〜90%の範囲、好ましくは40ないし60%の間であることを特徴とする、請求項1から8までの1項以上に記載のガス拡散層。
- 親水性のドメインが、粒子または繊維からなることを特徴とする、請求項1から9までの1項以上に記載のガス拡散層。
- 高分子電解質メンブレン(PEM)を用いた燃料電池用の、構造化された親水性部を有するガス拡散層の製造方法において、0.1μm〜10μmの平均粒径を有する、ゾル−ゲル、金属酸化物前駆体、揮発性の金属化合物の群から選択される、微細に分散された親水性材料またはその前駆物質をガス拡散層内に導入することを特徴とする方法。
- 前記導入が、スクリーン印刷またはグラビア印刷によって行われることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記導入が、マスクを用いて、スプレー塗布、レーザー処理または放射線処理、プラズマ堆積、化学または物理気相堆積によって行われることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記導入を、
a) ガス拡散層の仕上げ後に、
b) ガス拡散層の製造中に親水性繊維を混合することによって、
c) 疎水性物質および/または孔径制御物質の施与前に、
d) 疎水性物質および/または孔径制御物質の施与と同時に、
行うことを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の方法。 - 請求項1から10までの1項以上に記載のガス拡散層の、メンブレン−電極−ユニット、PEM−燃料電池、電気化学センサまたは電解質電池における使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008029099.8 | 2008-06-20 | ||
DE102008029099 | 2008-06-20 | ||
PCT/EP2009/004460 WO2009153060A1 (de) | 2008-06-20 | 2009-06-19 | Gasdiffusionsschicht |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2011524618A true JP2011524618A (ja) | 2011-09-01 |
JP2011524618A5 JP2011524618A5 (ja) | 2013-10-31 |
JP5683458B2 JP5683458B2 (ja) | 2015-03-11 |
Family
ID=41003649
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011513957A Expired - Fee Related JP5683458B2 (ja) | 2008-06-20 | 2009-06-19 | ガス拡散層 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8372557B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2304830B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5683458B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101737129B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102106027A (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0916827A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2728977A1 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK2304830T3 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2011101915A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009153060A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2019158318A (ja) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-19 | 株式会社東芝 | 全熱交換素子用シート、全熱交換素子、及び全熱交換器 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9461311B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-10-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Microporous layer for a fuel cell |
GB2521677A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-01 | Intelligent Energy Ltd | Fuel cell stack assembly and method of assembly |
JP6489009B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-24 | 2019-03-27 | 東レ株式会社 | ガス拡散電極基材 |
KR102176856B1 (ko) | 2018-01-12 | 2020-11-10 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 연료전지용 기체확산층, 이를 포함하는 막-전극 접합체, 이를 포함하는 연료 전지 및 연료전지용 기체확산층의 제조방법 |
CN115275215A (zh) | 2021-04-30 | 2022-11-01 | 洁能氏公司 | 具有图案化微孔层的燃料电池电极及其制造方法 |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS62208554A (ja) * | 1986-03-07 | 1987-09-12 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | ガス拡散電極及びその製造方法 |
JPH07134992A (ja) * | 1993-11-08 | 1995-05-23 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 燃料電池 |
JP2001110432A (ja) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-04-20 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
JP2003132898A (ja) * | 2001-10-30 | 2003-05-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池用電極およびその製造方法 |
JP2004031325A (ja) * | 2002-05-10 | 2004-01-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 固体高分子型燃料電池およびその製造方法 |
JP2006040767A (ja) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-09 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 固体高分子型燃料電極 |
JP2006134886A (ja) * | 2004-11-03 | 2006-05-25 | Samsung Sdi Co Ltd | 燃料電池用電極とその製造方法,燃料電池用電極を含む膜−電極接合体,及びこの膜−電極接合体を含む燃料電池システム |
JP2007506250A (ja) * | 2003-09-18 | 2007-03-15 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 燃料電池ガス拡散層 |
JP2007123197A (ja) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Canon Inc | 燃料電池用ガス拡散電極、その製造方法及び固体高分子型燃料電池 |
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---|---|---|---|---|
US6350539B1 (en) * | 1999-10-25 | 2002-02-26 | General Motors Corporation | Composite gas distribution structure for fuel cell |
US6733841B2 (en) * | 2001-11-01 | 2004-05-11 | Joseph William Frisk | Hydrophilic treatment of a carbon fiber construction |
DE10260501A1 (de) | 2002-12-21 | 2004-07-01 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Gasdiffusionselektrode mit einer Schicht zur Steuerung der Querdiffusion von Wasser |
US7629071B2 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2009-12-08 | Giner Electrochemical Systems, Llc | Gas diffusion electrode and method of making the same |
KR101156530B1 (ko) * | 2005-11-02 | 2012-06-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 직접액체 연료전지 |
US7846593B2 (en) | 2006-05-25 | 2010-12-07 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Heat and water management device and method in fuel cells |
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2009
- 2009-06-19 EP EP09765640A patent/EP2304830B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-06-19 CN CN2009801231871A patent/CN102106027A/zh active Pending
- 2009-06-19 DK DK09765640.9T patent/DK2304830T3/da active
- 2009-06-19 KR KR1020117001359A patent/KR101737129B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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JP2019158318A (ja) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-19 | 株式会社東芝 | 全熱交換素子用シート、全熱交換素子、及び全熱交換器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8372557B2 (en) | 2013-02-12 |
EP2304830A1 (de) | 2011-04-06 |
JP5683458B2 (ja) | 2015-03-11 |
CN102106027A (zh) | 2011-06-22 |
WO2009153060A1 (de) | 2009-12-23 |
BRPI0916827A2 (pt) | 2016-02-10 |
RU2011101915A (ru) | 2012-07-27 |
CA2728977A1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
KR101737129B1 (ko) | 2017-05-17 |
KR20110031473A (ko) | 2011-03-28 |
EP2304830B1 (de) | 2013-01-16 |
DK2304830T3 (da) | 2013-04-15 |
US20110151352A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
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