JP2011520159A - 太陽集光装置用の大型ディッシュ反射器を製造する方法 - Google Patents
太陽集光装置用の大型ディッシュ反射器を製造する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011520159A JP2011520159A JP2011509579A JP2011509579A JP2011520159A JP 2011520159 A JP2011520159 A JP 2011520159A JP 2011509579 A JP2011509579 A JP 2011509579A JP 2011509579 A JP2011509579 A JP 2011509579A JP 2011520159 A JP2011520159 A JP 2011520159A
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- glass
- mold
- reflector
- dish
- manufacturing
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Images
Classifications
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
Description
例えば、本発明は、以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
太陽エネルギーシステムで一体反射器ディッシュとして使用するためのガラス反射器を製造する方法であって、
成形されているガラス板に対応する金型の動作面に尖頭溝を有する金型を覆って位置付けられる、フロートガラスの板を加熱するステップであって、前記溝は、ガラスから金型への熱伝導を最小限化する、ステップと、
前記ガラスの前面または裏面のいずれか一方の光学平滑性を有意に低下させることなく、前記ガラス板をたわませ、伸展させることによって、前記金型の前記動作面上の前記尖頭溝に実質的に一致する湾曲した皿形状に、前記フロートガラス板を形成するステップと、
前記皿型フロートガラスの周囲に構造補強穴縁を作成するために、前記反射器サイズのガラス片が依然として柔らかく、凹面ディッシュが成形されている間に、前記フロートガラスの縁を圧延するステップと、
使用可能なエネルギーへの太陽エネルギーの変換のために前記太陽エネルギーを焦点に反射させるように動作する、一体反射器ディッシュを形成するように、前記皿型フロートガラス上に反射面を作成するステップと、
を含む、方法。
(項目2)
前記加熱するステップは、急速放射加熱を含む、項目1に記載のガラス反射器を製造する方法。
(項目3)
前記フロートガラスの板は、その角が横方向運動に対して拘束されている間に加熱される、項目2に記載のガラス反射器を製造する方法。
(項目4)
成形されている前記ガラス片に近接する前記動作金型表面は、加熱中に熱放射束に対して極めて反射性となるよう被覆される、項目1に記載のガラス反射器を製造する方法。
(項目5)
前記フロートガラスの板は、その角が横方向運動に対して拘束されている間に加熱される、項目4に記載のガラス反射器を製造する方法。
(項目6)
急速放射冷却によって前記ガラス板を冷却するステップをさらに含む、項目2に記載のガラス反射器を製造する方法。
(項目7)
急速放射冷却によって前記ガラス板を冷却するステップをさらに含む、項目4に記載のガラス反射器を製造する方法。
好ましい実施形態の設計における重要な検討事項は、特に費用が重要な要素であるため、1次放物面反射器1のサイズおよび製造である。本発明は、反射器1のサイズの最適化を含む。裏面が銀めっきされた構造ガラスで作られた反射器1については、約3メートル(3m)のサイズが、略最適サイズとして好まれる。このサイズは、従来のフロート工程によって製造される平面ガラスの単一モノリスから作製することができる、最大の船積み可能なサイズであるため、好まれる。このサイズにおける一体反射器1は、本発明による追跡反射器システムの単位面積あたりの最低費用を提供してもよい。
本発明の好ましい実施形態は、構成要素として、複数の単位反射器セル34を使用する。単位反射器セル34は、焦点領域28にエネルギーを方向付ける反射ディッシュ1と、ディッシュ1を支持し、焦点領域28付近で精密な配列で変換器ユニット4を担持する、機械構造とを備える。機械構造の主要な要素は、断面および端面が、好ましくは、図19および図20に図示されるように正方形または六角形である、直角柱の形のトラスである。図19は、上記で説明される好ましい実施形態で採用されるような、正方形の断面を伴う単位セル34を示し、図20は、六角形の断面を有する代替的な単位セル34を示す。実質的に正方形(図19)または六角形(図20)の皿状鏡1は、以下で説明される、ディッシュ支持構造によって、下プリズム面の角11から支持される。ディッシュ軸7は、ディッシュの中心または頂点6を通過する。1次コレクタのわずかのみを覆い隠す、コンパクトな変換器4は、上側に位置し、ディッシュ軸7上に中心があり、部材13によって上プリズム面の上角14から支持される。上面は、部材10によって形成されるものと同じサイズであり、それに並行している。上面および下面の両方は、ディッシュ軸7上に位置する。変換器4は、ディッシュ軸7上に中心があり、好ましくは、中心軸方向変換器支持部材18の下端で支持される。変換器支持部材18は、好ましくは、上角14から対角張力要素17によって支持される。4つ(図19)または6つ(図20)の垂直要素16が、上下の正方形を連結する。好ましくは、プリズムの側面は、対角要素48によって固定される。ガラス支持トラス12は、構造の底部側を閉鎖し、ならびに1次放物面反射器1を支持する。
最初は平坦なガラス板を成形することによって凹面一体反射器1を生産する、好ましい工程動作の順序は、図25、図26、図27、図28、図29、および図30で順序通り概略的に図示されている。工程動作はまた、図31、図32、図33、および図34の順序でも斜視図で図示されている。図25は、工程の開始時に平坦である、ガラス板200を示す。図26および図31は、金型201より上側に配置した後の平坦な板200を示す。金型201は、実質的に凹面の表面204と、巻かれた縁203とを有する。ガラス板200は最初に、ヒンジ連結されたL字形支持材202によって一時的に把持される、その角から、金型201より上側で支持される。図27および図32は、軟化および伸展ステップの始めを図示する。ガラス板214の温度は、好ましくは、ガラス板214より上側の熱面207からの放射加熱によって上昇させられる。好ましくは、放射面207は、実質的に連続的であり、高い放射率を有する。好ましくは、ガラス214が受ける放射温度は、低い熱慣性の可変温度ラジエータ207を使用することによって、または異なる温度の金型201と放射面207との間に相対運動を提供することによって、急速に上昇または低下させることができる。好ましくは、温度はまた、金型201を横断する空間位置の機能として変動させることもでき、例えば、ガラス板214の縁211をガラス板214の中心よりも柔らかくするために、放射面207の中心領域の温度と比較して、より高い温度が放射面207の縁208の周囲に提供される。凹面ディッシュ212へのガラス板200の成形を駆動するために、重力が独占的に使用されてもよいが、金型201の形状212にガラス板200を一致させる工程は、圧力によって、例えば、上側から方向付けられる高温ガス噴射によって、または真空ポンプ等の別の様式で生成される圧力差によって加速されてもよい。
式中、「c」は、定数(約0.044)であり、「g」は、重力による加速度であり、「ρ」は、ガラス密度であり、「x」は、金型支持材の間の平均径間長であり、「η」は、剪断粘度である。500〜750℃の温度範囲の典型的な市販のソーダ石灰ガラスの剪断粘度は、η=ηoexp(B/T)として絶対温度Tとともに変動し、式中、ηo=1.6×10−18ポアズおよびB=5.8×104Kである。650℃から750℃の間の好ましい成形温度範囲については、粘度は、4.3×109ポアズ(650℃)から9×106ポアズ(750℃)に低下する。
(項目1)
太陽エネルギーシステムで一体反射器ディッシュとして使用するためのガラス反射器を製造する方法であって、
金型を覆って位置付けられるフロートガラスの板を加熱するステップと、
前記金型に実質的に一致するように、前記フロートガラスを湾曲した皿形状に形成するステップと、
前記皿型フロートガラスの周囲に構造補強穴縁を作成するように、前記フロートガラスの縁を巻くステップと、
使用可能なエネルギーへの太陽エネルギーの変換のために前記太陽エネルギーを焦点に反射させるように動作する、一体反射器ディッシュを形成するように、前記皿型フロートガラス上に反射面を作成するステップと
を含む、方法。
Claims (7)
- 太陽エネルギーシステムで一体反射器ディッシュとして使用するためのガラス反射器を製造する方法であって、
成形されているガラス板に対応する金型の動作面に尖頭溝を有する金型を覆って位置付けられる、フロートガラスの板を加熱するステップであって、前記溝は、ガラスから金型への熱伝導を最小限化する、ステップと、
前記ガラスの前面または裏面のいずれか一方の光学平滑性を有意に低下させることなく、前記ガラス板をたわませ、伸展させることによって、前記金型の前記動作面上の前記尖頭溝に実質的に一致する湾曲した皿形状に、前記フロートガラス板を形成するステップと、
前記皿型フロートガラスの周囲に構造補強穴縁を作成するために、前記反射器サイズのガラス片が依然として柔らかく、凹面ディッシュが成形されている間に、前記フロートガラスの縁を巻くステップと、
使用可能なエネルギーへの太陽エネルギーの変換のために前記太陽エネルギーを焦点に反射させるように動作する、一体反射器ディッシュを形成するように、前記皿型フロートガラス上に反射面を作成するステップと、
を含む、方法。 - 前記加熱するステップは、急速放射加熱を含む、請求項1に記載のガラス反射器を製造する方法。
- 前記フロートガラスの板は、その角が横方向運動に対して拘束されている間に加熱される、請求項2に記載のガラス反射器を製造する方法。
- 成形されている前記ガラス片に近接する前記動作金型表面は、加熱中に熱放射束に対して極めて反射性となるよう被覆される、請求項1に記載のガラス反射器を製造する方法。
- 前記フロートガラスの板は、その角が横方向運動に対して拘束されている間に加熱される、請求項4に記載のガラス反射器を製造する方法。
- 急速放射冷却によって前記ガラス板を冷却するステップをさらに含む、請求項2に記載のガラス反射器を製造する方法。
- 急速放射冷却によって前記ガラス板を冷却するステップをさらに含む、請求項4に記載のガラス反射器を製造する方法。
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