JP2011008907A - ハードバイアス構造およびその形成方法、ならびに磁気再生ヘッド - Google Patents
ハードバイアス構造およびその形成方法、ならびに磁気再生ヘッド Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】センサ積層体30の側壁20,21に隣接されたハードバイアス構造50は、複合シード層22の上にハードバイアス層25が形成された多層構造を有する。複合シード層22は、Ta層/金属層(M1)で表される多層構造を有し、その金属層(M1)は、面心立方(111)結晶構造等を有する。ハードバイアス層は、(R1/R2)x で表される多層構造を有し、R1=CoFe等、R2層=NiFe等、x=整数、各R2層の厚さt2>各R1層の厚さt1である。
【選択図】図2
Description
まず、図1〜図3を参照して、本発明の一実施形態の磁気再生ヘッドの構成について説明する。なお、本発明のハードバイアス構造は磁気再生ヘッドに適用されるものであるため、そのハードバイアス構造については以下で併せて説明する。
次に、上記した磁気再生ヘッドの製造方法について説明する。なお、本発明のハードバイアス構造の形成方法は磁気再生ヘッドの製造方法に適用されるものであるため、そのハードバイアス構造の形成方法については以下で併せて説明する。ただし、以下では、磁気再生ヘッドに関する一連の構成要素の材質および寸法などについて既に詳細に説明したので、それらの説明を随時省略する。
本実施形態の磁気再生ヘッドおよびその製造方法では、隣接接合型の再生センサ素子100において、センサ積層体30の側壁20,21にハードバイアス構造50が隣接されている。このハードバイアス構造50は、複合シード層22の上に、PMAを有するハードバイアス層25が形成された多層構造を有している。複合シード層22は、Ta層の上に金属層(M1)が形成された多層構造を有しており、その金属層(M1)は、fcc(111)結晶構造またはhcp(001)結晶構造を有している。ハードバイアス層25は、(R1/R2)x で表される多層構造(R1=CoまたはCoFe、R2層=Ni、NiFeまたはNiCo、x=整数、各R2層の厚さt2>各R1層の厚さt1)を有している。
単層のシード層(Cu)、ハードバイアス層として[Co(t1=0.2nm厚)/Ni(t2=0.4nm厚)]20、保護層としてRu(1nm厚)/Ta(4nm厚)/Ru(3nm厚)を用いてハードバイアス構造を形成したのち、振動試料磁力計(VSM:vibrating sample magnometer )を用いてMH曲線(図4)を測定してPMAを調べた。この場合には、シード層の厚さを100nm(図4(A))、50nm(図4(B))、20nm(図4(C))または10nm(図4(D))とした。図4(A)〜図4(D)において、上段のヒステリシス曲線は膜面と平行な方向における磁界成分、下段のヒステリシス曲線は膜面に垂直な方向における磁界成分(PMA)をそれぞれ示している。
複合シード層の有効性を確認するために、Ta/M1/M2(M1≠M2)で表される複合シード層としてTa(3nm厚)/Ru(2nm厚)/Cuを用いたことを除き、実験例1と同様の多層構造を有するハードバイアス層を形成すると共に、MH曲線(図5)を測定してPMAを調べた。この場合には、複合シード層におけるCu層の厚さを200nm(図5(A))、20nm(図5(B))、10nm(図5(C))または5nm(図5(D))とした。
実験例2で用いた複合シード層に関して、Cu層の厚さをさらに薄くした場合の効果を確認するために、複合シード層としてTa(3nm厚)/Ru(5nm厚)/Cu、ハードバイアス層として[Co(t1=0.2nm厚)/Ni(t2=0.5nm厚)]20を用いると共に、複合シード層におけるCu層の厚さを変更したことを除き、実験例2と同様の多層構造を有するハードバイアス層を形成すると共に、MH曲線(図6)を測定してPMAを調べた。この場合には、複合シード層におけるCu層の厚さを5nm(図6(A))、3nm(図6(B))または0nm(図6(C))とした。
絶縁層(酸化アルミニウム)の上に、複合シード層としてTa(1nm厚)/Ru(2nm厚)/Cu(1nm厚)、ハードバイアス層として[Co(t1=0.2nm厚)/Ni(t2=0.4nm厚)]30、保護層としてTa(6nm厚)を用いてハードバイアス構造を形成すると共に、MH曲線(図7)を測定してPMAを調べた。
複合シード層としてTa(3nm厚)/Ru(5nm厚)/Cu(10nm厚)、ハードバイアス層として[Co(t1=0.2nm厚)/Ni(t2=0.5nm厚)]20、保護層としてRu(1nm厚)/Ta(4nm厚)/Ru(3nm厚)を用いてハードバイアス構造を形成したのち、そのハードバイアス構造をアニールすると共に、MH曲線(図8)を測定してPMAを調べた。図8において、左側はアニール前、右側はアニール後のMH曲線である。アニール条件は、温度=220℃および時間=2時間とし、アニール時には磁界を印加しなかった。
絶縁層(酸化アルミニウム)の上に、複合シード層としてTa(1nm厚)/Ru(2nm厚)/Cu(1nm厚)、ハードバイアス層として[Co(t1=0.2nm厚)/Ni(t2=0.4nm厚)]30、保護層としてTa(6nm厚)を用いてハードバイアス構造を形成すると共に、MH曲線(図9)を測定してPMAを調べた。この場合には、複合シード層をより薄くした。ハードバイアス層では、図2を参照して説明したように、複合シード層の膜面に垂直な方向に容易軸が配向する。
Claims (24)
- フリー層を含む複数の層を有すると共に上面および側壁を有するセンサ積層体に隣接され、前記フリー層に長手バイアスを印加するハードバイアス構造であって、
(a)基体の上に形成されたTa層と、そのTa層の上に形成され、面心立方(111)結晶構造または六方最密(001)結晶構造を有する金属層(M1)とを含む複合シード層と、
(b)前記複合シード層の上に形成され、(R1/R2)x で表される多層構造を有すると共に垂直磁気異方性を有するハードバイアス層とを備え、
前記複合シード層は、前記センサ積層体における複数の層の膜面に平行な方向に延在する第1部分と、前記センサ積層体の側壁に沿う方向に延在すると共に前記第1部分に連結された第2部分とを有し、
前記ハードバイアス層において、前記R1層はCoまたはCoFe、前記R2層はNi、NiFeまたはNiCo、前記xは整数であると共に、各R2層の厚さt2は各R1層の厚さt1よりも大きい
ことを特徴とするハードバイアス構造。 - 前記ハードバイアス層の上に形成された保護層を備え、前記保護層はTaおよびRuのうちの少なくとも一方である
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載のハードバイアス構造。 - 前記xは10以上70以下、前記厚さt1は0.05nm以上0.5nm以下、前記厚さt2は0.2nm以上1nm以下である
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載のハードバイアス構造。 - 前記Ta層の厚さは0.5nm以上10nm以下、前記金属層(M1)の厚さは1nm以上10nm以下である
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載のハードバイアス構造。 - 前記金属層(M1)はRu、CuまたはAuであり、前記複合シード層はTa/M1で表される多層構造を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載のハードバイアス構造。 - 前記複合シード層は、前記金属層(M1)の上に形成された金属層(M2)を含むことにより、Ta/M1/M2で表される多層構造を有し、
前記金属層(M2)は、Cu、Ti、Pd、W、Rh、AuまたはAgであり、
前記Ta層の厚さは0.5nm以上10nm以下、前記金属層(M1)の厚さは1nm以上10nm以下、前記金属層(M2)の厚さは0.1nm以上10nm以下であると共に、前記金属層(M1)と前記金属層(M2)とは異なる種類である
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載のハードバイアス構造。 - 前記基体は、下部シールドの上に形成された絶縁層であり、
前記絶縁層は、金属酸化物、金属窒化物および金属酸窒化物のうちの少なくとも1種である
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載のハードバイアス構造。 - 前記CoFeはCo(100-w) Few (0原子%<w≦90原子%)で表される組成を有し、
前記NiFeはNi(100-y) Fey (0原子%<y≦50原子%)で表される組成を有し、
前記NiCoはNi(100-z) Coz (0原子%<z≦50原子%)で表される組成を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載のハードバイアス構造。 - (a)上面を有する下部シールドと、
(b)前記下部シールドの上面に形成され、フリー層を含む複数の層を有すると共に上面および側壁を有するセンサ積層体と、
(c)前記下部シールドの上面および前記センサ積層体の側壁に沿うように形成され、金属酸化物、金属窒化物および金属酸窒化物のうちの少なくとも1種である絶縁層と、
(d)前記絶縁層の上に形成されたTa層と、そのTa層の上に形成され、面心立方(111)結晶構造または六方最密(001)の結晶構造を有する金属層(M1)とを含む複合シード層と、
(e)前記複合シード層の上に形成され、(R1/R2)x で表される多層構造を有すると共に垂直磁気異方性を有するハードバイアス層と、
(f)前記ハードバイアス層の上に形成された保護層と、
(g)前記保護層の上に形成され、前記センサ積層体の上面に隣接するように延在する非磁性分離層と、
(h)前記非磁性分離層の上に形成され、その非磁性分離層および前記センサ積層体を介して前記下部シールドと電気的に接続された上部シールドとを備え、
前記複合シード層は、前記センサ積層体における複数の層の膜面に平行な方向に延在する第1部分と、前記センサ積層体の側壁に沿う方向に延在すると共に前記第1部分に連結された第2部分とを有し、
前記ハードバイアス層において、前記R1層はCoまたはCoFe、前記R2層はNi、NiFeまたはNiCo、前記xは整数であると共に、各R2層の厚さt2は各R1層の厚さt1よりも大きい
ことを特徴とする磁気再生ヘッド。 - 前記前記xは10以上70以下、前記厚さt1は0.05nm以上0.5nm以下、前記厚さt2は0.2nm以上1nm以下である
ことを特徴とする請求項9記載の磁気再生ヘッド。 - 前記Ta層の厚さは0.5nm以上10nm以下であり、
前記金属層(M1)はRu、CuまたはAuであり、その厚さは1nm以上10nm以下である
ことを特徴とする請求項9記載の磁気再生ヘッド。 - 前記複合シード層は、前記金属層(M1)の上に形成された金属層(M2)を含むことにより、Ta/M1/M2で表される多層構造を有し、
前記金属層(M2)は、Cu、Ti、Pd、W、Rh、AuまたはAgであり、
前記Ta層の厚さは0.5nm以上10nm以下、前記金属層(M1)の厚さは1nm以上10nm以下、前記金属層(M2)の厚さは0.1nm以上10nm以下であると共に、前記金属層(M1)と前記金属層(M2)とは異なる種類である
ことを特徴とする請求項9記載の磁気再生ヘッド。 - 前記非磁性分離層はRuであり、その厚さは1.5nm以上10nm以下である
ことを特徴とする請求項9記載の磁気再生ヘッド。 - 前記保護層はTaであり、その厚さは4nm以上8nm以下である
ことを特徴とする請求項9記載の磁気再生ヘッド。 - 前記CoFeはCo(100-w) Few (0原子%<w≦90原子%)で表される組成を有し、
前記NiFeはNi(100-y) Fey (0原子%<y≦50原子%)で表される組成を有し、
前記NiCoはNi(100-z) Coz (0原子%<z≦50原子%)で表される組成を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項9記載の磁気再生ヘッド。 - フリー層を含むスピンバルブ構造を有するセンサ積層体に隣接され、前記フリー層に長手バイアスを印加するハードバイアス構造の形成方法であって、
(a)基体の上に、前記フリー層を含む複数の層を有すると共に上面および側壁を有する前記センサ積層体を形成する工程と、
(b)前記基体および前記センサ積層体の側壁に沿うように、金属酸化物、金属窒化物および金属酸窒化物のうちの少なくとも1種である絶縁層を形成する工程と、
(c)前記絶縁層の上に、その絶縁層の上に形成されたTa層と、そのTa層の上に形成され、面心立方(111)結晶構造または六方最密(001)結晶構造を有する金属層(M1)とを含む複合シード層を形成する工程と、
(d)前記複合シード層の上に、(R1/R2)x で表される多層構造を有すると共に垂直磁気異方性を有するハードバイアス層を形成し、そのハードバイアス層において、前記R1層がCoまたはCoFe、前記R2層がNi、NiFeまたはNiCo、前記xが整数であると共に、各R2層の厚さt2が各R1層の厚さt1よりも大きくなるようにする工程と、
(e)前記ハードバイアス層の上に保護層を形成する工程とを含む
ことを特徴とするハードバイアス構造の形成方法。 - 0.5時間以上10時間以下の時間および200℃以上280℃以下の温度の条件で、前記ハードバイアス構造をアニールする工程を含む
ことを特徴とする請求項16記載のハードバイアス構造の形成方法。 - 前記ハードバイアス層を形成する工程において、200W未満のRFパワーおよび15cm3 /分よりも大きなアルゴンガス流量を含む条件で、DCマグネトロンスパッタリング法を用いて前記R1層および前記R2層を形成する
ことを特徴とする請求項16記載のハードバイアス構造の形成方法。 - 前記基体は下部シールドである
ことを特徴とする請求項16記載のハードバイアス構造の形成方法。 - 前記Ta層の厚さは0.5nm以上10nm以下であり、
前記金属層(M1)はRu、CuまたはAuであり、その厚さは1nm以上10nm以下である
ことを特徴とする請求項16記載のハードバイアス構造の形成方法。 - 前記複合シード層は、前記金属層(M1)の上に形成された金属層(M2)を含むことにより、Ta/M1/M2で表される多層構造を有し、
前記金属層(M2)は、Cu、Ti、Pd、W、Rh、AuまたはAgであり、
前記Ta層の厚さは0.5nm以上10nm以下、前記金属層(M1)の厚さは1nm以上10nm以下、前記金属層(M2)の厚さは0.1nm以上10nm以下であると共に、前記金属層(M1)と前記金属層(M2)とは異なる種類である
ことを特徴とする請求項16記載のハードバイアス構造の形成方法。 - 前記xは10以上70以下、前記厚さt1は0.05nm以上0.5nm以下、前記厚さt2は0.2nm以上1nm以下である
ことを特徴とする請求項16記載のハードバイアス構造の形成方法。 - 前記保護層はTaを含み、その厚さは4nm以上8nm以下である
ことを特徴とする請求項16記載のハードバイアス構造の形成方法。 - 前記CoFeはCo(100-w) Few (0原子%<w≦90原子%)で表される組成を有し、
前記NiFeはNi(100-y) Fey (0原子%<y≦50原子%)で表される組成を有し、
前記NiCoはNi(100-z) Coz (0原子%<z≦50原子%)で表される組成を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項16記載のハードバイアス構造の形成方法。
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KR102353070B1 (ko) * | 2017-04-05 | 2022-01-19 | 타이완 세미콘덕터 매뉴팩쳐링 컴퍼니 리미티드 | 무선 주파수(rf) 스퍼터링을 사용하는 자기 터널 접합(mtj) 디바이스용 유전체 캡슐화 층 |
US11810700B2 (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2023-11-07 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K. | In-plane magnetized film, in-plane magnetized film multilayer structure, hard bias layer, magnetoresistive element, and sputtering target |
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US20140037836A1 (en) | 2014-02-06 |
US20140037989A1 (en) | 2014-02-06 |
JP5820102B2 (ja) | 2015-11-24 |
US8563147B2 (en) | 2013-10-22 |
US9236068B2 (en) | 2016-01-12 |
US20100330395A1 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
US8734620B2 (en) | 2014-05-27 |
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