JP2010521302A - パラジウム−ロジウム単一層触媒 - Google Patents
パラジウム−ロジウム単一層触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010521302A JP2010521302A JP2010500094A JP2010500094A JP2010521302A JP 2010521302 A JP2010521302 A JP 2010521302A JP 2010500094 A JP2010500094 A JP 2010500094A JP 2010500094 A JP2010500094 A JP 2010500094A JP 2010521302 A JP2010521302 A JP 2010521302A
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- oxide
- cerium
- zirconium
- way catalyst
- mixed oxide
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- XSKIUFGOTYHDLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pd] XSKIUFGOTYHDLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical group [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 15
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Sr+2] IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Rh+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Sr+2] UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001866 strontium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012696 Pd precursors Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 compounds rhodium nitrate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/44—Palladium
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- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
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Abstract
Description
触媒をEP 1 541 220により調製した。このために、まず水中の硫酸バリウムからなる懸濁液を製造した。前記懸濁液に、硝酸1質量%を添加し、それによりpH値を約5に低下させた。その後で、酸化ランタン3質量%で安定化されたγ−酸化アルミニウムを、引き続き50質量%の酸化ジルコニウム含有量を有するセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物を添加し、このpH値を添加の間に硝酸によりほぼ一定に維持した。10質量%のサッカロースの添加の後に前記懸濁液を粉砕し、次いで硝酸パラジウム及び硝酸ロジウムを添加した。1時間の熟成時間の後に、コーディエライト−ハニカム体を前記懸濁液で被覆し、乾燥し、か焼した。前記ハニカム体は、セル密度93cm-2、直径14.4cm及び長さ10.2cmを有していた。完成した触媒は次の被覆量を有していた:
80g/l ランタンにより安定化された酸化アルミニウム
75g/l セリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物(70質量%酸化ジルコニウム)
0.18g/l ロジウム(全ての固体成分に対して)
0.88g/l パラジウム(全ての固体成分に対して)
本発明による触媒を次のように製造した:
ジルコニウム富有のセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物(70質量%酸化ジルコニウム)を水中に懸濁させ、引き続き硝酸ロジウムを前記懸濁液に混入した。TEAHで、前記懸濁液のpH値を再び約6の値に上昇させた。その後で、酸化ジルコニウム50質量%を有するセリウム/ジルコニウム酸化物を前記懸濁液に添加し、硝酸パラジウムを前記懸濁液に混入した。前記pH値を新たにTEAHで6に上昇させ、その後で前記懸濁液に酸化ランタン3質量%で安定化されたγ−酸化アルミニウムを添加した。引き続き前記懸濁液を粉砕し、ハニカム体を比較例と同様に被覆し、乾燥し、か焼した。完成した触媒は次の被覆量を有していた:
80g/l ランタンにより安定化された酸化アルミニウム
35g/l 第1のセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物(70質量%酸化ジルコニウム)
40g/l 第2のセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物(50質量%酸化ジルコニウム)
0.18g/l ロジウム(第1のセリウム/ジルコニウム酸化物に対して)
0.88g/l パラジウム(第1及び第2のセリウム/ジルコニウム酸化物に対して)
本発明による他の触媒を次のように製造した:
水酸化バリウムを水中に溶かした。前記溶液中に酸化ジルコニウム70質量%を含有するセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物を懸濁させ、硝酸ロジウムを前記懸濁液中に添加した。その後で、酸化ジルコニウム50質量%を有するセリウム/ジルコニウム酸化物を前記懸濁液に分散させ、硝酸パラジウムを前記懸濁液に混入した。酸化アルミニウムを添加した後に、このpH値を酢酸で6の値に調節した。引き続き前記懸濁液を粉砕し、ハニカム体を比較例と同様に被覆し、乾燥し、か焼した。完成した触媒は次の被覆量を有していた:
80g/l ランタンにより安定化された酸化アルミニウム
2g/l 酸化バリウム
35g/l 第1のセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物(70質量%酸化ジルコニウム)
40g/l 第2のセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物(50質量%酸化ジルコニウム)
0.18g/l ロジウム(第1のセリウム/ジルコニウム酸化物に対して)
0.88g/l パラジウム(第1及び第2のセリウム/ジルコニウム酸化物に対して)
この試験の前に、全ての触媒を炉中で985℃の温度で16時間で熱水劣化にさらした。
Claims (9)
- 内燃機関の排気ガスを浄化するための、セラミック又は金属からなる不活性触媒担体上の唯一の触媒活性層からなる三元触媒において、前記触媒は活性酸化アルミニウム及び第1のセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物及び第2のセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物を含有し、その際、第1のセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物はロジウムで活性化されていて、かつパラジウムで触媒活性化されている第2のセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物よりも高い酸化ジルコニウム含有量を有することを特徴とする、三元触媒。
- 酸化アルミニウム及びセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物の表面がさらに酸化ストロンチウム又は酸化バリウムで被覆されていることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の三元触媒。
- 前記セリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物は、それぞれ前記混合酸化物の全質量に対して希土類金属酸化物1〜15質量%で安定化されていて、その際、前記希土類金属酸化物は、鉄、マンガン、スズ、チタン、ケイ素、イットリウム、ランタン、プラセオジム、ネオジム、サマリウム及びそれらの混合物からなるグループから選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の三元触媒。
- 第1のセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物は、0.5〜0.1の酸化セリウム対酸化ジルコニウムの質量比を示し、第2のセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物は、0.8〜1.2の酸化セリウム対酸化ジルコニウムの質量比を示すことを特徴とする、請求項3記載の三元触媒。
- 前記活性酸化アルミニウムは、それぞれ前記酸化アルミニウムの全質量に対して酸化ランタン1〜10質量%で安定化されていることを特徴とする、請求項4記載の三元触媒。
- 触媒担体は、内燃機関の排気ガスのために平行の流動通路を有する体積Vを有するハニカム体であり、その際、前記流動通路の壁面は前記三元触媒で被覆されていて、前記ハニカム体の体積に対するパラジウムの濃度は0.1〜10gであり、ロジウムの濃度は0.01〜1gであることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の三元触媒。
- 前記第1のセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物はロジウムの他にさらにパラジウムで触媒活性化されていることを特徴とする、請求項6記載の三元触媒。
- 前記第1の及び第2のセリウム/ジルコニウム混合酸化物はパラジウムの他にさらに白金で触媒活性化されていることを特徴とする、請求項7記載の三元触媒。
- エンジンの排気ガスを浄化するための、ガソリンエンジンを搭載した車両のエンジンに近いスタート触媒として又はアンダーボディ領域でのメイン触媒としての、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項記載の三元触媒の使用。
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EP07005548A EP1974810B1 (de) | 2007-03-19 | 2007-03-19 | Palladium-Rhodium Einfachschicht Katalysator |
EP07005548.8 | 2007-03-19 | ||
PCT/EP2008/001450 WO2008113457A1 (de) | 2007-03-19 | 2008-02-23 | Palladium-rhodium einfachschicht-katalysator |
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DE502007004776D1 (de) | 2010-09-30 |
BRPI0808980B1 (pt) | 2018-11-13 |
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US9156023B2 (en) | 2015-10-13 |
RU2009138367A (ru) | 2011-04-27 |
BRPI0808980A2 (pt) | 2014-09-09 |
CN101626832A (zh) | 2010-01-13 |
JP5361855B2 (ja) | 2013-12-04 |
KR101230272B1 (ko) | 2013-02-06 |
WO2008113457A1 (de) | 2008-09-25 |
EP1974810B1 (de) | 2010-08-18 |
US20100126154A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
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Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |