JP2010511768A - 接触分解プロセス用のバナジウムトラップおよび同調製方法 - Google Patents
接触分解プロセス用のバナジウムトラップおよび同調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010511768A JP2010511768A JP2009539830A JP2009539830A JP2010511768A JP 2010511768 A JP2010511768 A JP 2010511768A JP 2009539830 A JP2009539830 A JP 2009539830A JP 2009539830 A JP2009539830 A JP 2009539830A JP 2010511768 A JP2010511768 A JP 2010511768A
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- pyrophosphate
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- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 magnesium aluminate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 241001460678 Napo <wasp> Species 0.000 claims description 11
- JUNWLZAGQLJVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium diphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O JUNWLZAGQLJVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940043256 calcium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019821 dicalcium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RCUAPGYXYWSYKO-UHFFFAOYSA-J barium(2+);phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RCUAPGYXYWSYKO-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- HJXDCFUIDHJETK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-hydroxypropyl)-5-methyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one Chemical compound CC(O)CN1CC(C)OC1=O HJXDCFUIDHJETK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017119 AlPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/16—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr
- B01J27/18—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr with metals other than Al or Zr
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/16—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr
- B01J27/18—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr with metals other than Al or Zr
- B01J27/1802—Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates
- B01J27/1806—Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates with alkaline or alkaline earth metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/02—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/613—10-100 m2/g
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J35/615—100-500 m2/g
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/635—0.5-1.0 ml/g
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/02—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/02—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G11/04—Oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/51—Spheres
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Description
−2種の溶液((NH4)2HPO4またはH3PO4などの第1のリン源と(Ba(NO3)2およびBaCl2から選択された硝酸塩型または塩化物型のBaまたはCaの第2の源)の共沈殿によって生成したピロリン酸塩の前駆体塩であるBaHPO4またはCaHPO4を焼成することによりピロリン酸塩を調製する。1μm未満の粒径の有するBaHPO4またはCaHPO4を得るために、共沈殿は高速で攪拌しながらpHが7.5を超えるまでNH4OH溶液を上記溶液に添加することによって実行する。次いで、これらの固体を750乃至820℃の温度で焼成して約1μmの粒径を有するPBAおよびPCAをそれぞれ得る。
−HNO3またはHClなどの無機酸あるいは酢酸または特にギ酸などの有機酸の存在下で酸化アルミニウム、好ましくはベーマイト型水酸化アルミニウムを部分溶解することにより、担体を別個に調製する。熟成時間後、MgOまたは水酸化マグネシウム懸濁液をアルミナ懸濁液に添加してNH4OH溶液を添加することによりpHを4.0より大きく、好ましくは4.5より大きく調整する。
−上記のように得られたPBAまたはPCA懸濁液を前ステップの担体に添加し、最後に、得られた懸濁液を散布(dispersion)によって乾燥させて、工業プロセスで使用するのに必要な機械的強度を有するバナジウムトラップマイクロスフェアを得る。
−ベーマイト型水酸化アルミニウム 100g
−98%ギ酸 55.1g
−ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウム(NaPO4)6 0.3g
−脱塩水 178.2g
−ベーマイト型水酸化アルミニウム 112.15g
−MgO懸濁液 20g
−98%ギ酸 29.5g
−ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウム(NaPO4)6 0.4g
−脱塩水 200g
−ベーマイト型水酸化アルミニウム 112.15g
−MgO懸濁液 40g
−98%ギ酸 29.5g
−ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウム(NaPO4)6 0.4g
−脱塩水 200g
−ベーマイト型水酸化アルミニウム 53.5g
−粒径1μm未満のPBA 15g
−98%ギ酸 29.5g
−ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウム(NaPO4)6 0.1606g
−脱塩水 95.4g
−ベーマイト型水酸化アルミニウム 112.5g
−粒径1μm未満のPBA 40g
−MgO懸濁液 20g
−98%ギ酸 29.5g
−ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウム(NaPO4)6 0.4g
−脱塩水 200g
市販の新鮮な触媒混合物であるCATFとバナジウムトラップとの10重量%プロトタイプにシクロヘキサンに溶解したバナジウム源(3.4%バナジウム濃縮ガスオイル)から初期含浸法により0.6重量%のバナジウムを含浸させる。この固体を最初は120℃の温度まで加熱し、さらに2時間この温度を維持しながらマッフル炉で焼成する。次いで、10℃/分の速度で600℃まで温度を迅速に上昇させ、この温度で固体をさらに2時間放置する。
市販の触媒とトラップと8000ppmのバナジウム(100g)との混合物を流動床に投入して周期的酸化還元失活化プロセス(40サイクル)に供する。
Claims (14)
- 汚染物質としてバナジウムを含有する、炭化水素接触分解プロセスに有用な化学組成物であって、該化学組成物が、ピロリン酸塩M2P2O7(ここで、M=BaまたはCaである)と、MgO、Mg(OH)2、またはMg(NO3)2などの任意の可溶性塩などの異なるマグネシウム化合物と組み合わせた酸化アルミニウム担体とを含むことを特徴とする、化学組成物。
- 前記担体が好ましくは、そのスピネル相のアルミン酸マグネシウムであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の化学組成物。
- ピロリン酸バリウムまたはピロリン酸カルシウムの量が5乃至60重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2のいずれか1項に記載の化学組成物。
- ピロリン酸バリウムまたはピロリン酸カルシウムの量が好ましくは30重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の化学組成物。
- 酸化アルミニウムの量が40乃至90重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の化学組成物。
- 酸化アルミニウムの量が55重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の化学組成物。
- 酸化マグネシウムの量が5乃至30重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の化学組成物。
- 酸化マグネシウムの量が15重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の化学組成物。
- 5乃至60重量%のピロリン酸バリウムまたはピロリン酸カルシウム、40乃至90重量%の酸化アルミニウム、および5乃至30重量%の酸化マグネシウムを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項に記載の化学組成物。
- 請求項1乃至9の化学組成物を生成する方法であって、該方法が:
i)(NH4)2HPO4またはH3PO4などのリン源溶液と(Ba(NO3)2およびBaCl2などの硝酸塩型または塩化物型のBaまたはCa源溶液とを混合し、ii)高速で攪拌しながらpHが7.5を超えるまでNH4OH溶液を前記溶液に添加することによって共沈殿させて、1μm未満の粒径の有するBaHPO4またはCaHPO4を得、iii)前記ステップの固体を750乃至820℃の温度で焼成して約1μmの粒径を有するPBAおよびPCAを得るステップを含む、a)BaHPO4またはCaHPO4の共沈殿または焼成によりピロリン酸塩を調製するステップと、
i)HNO3またはHClなどの無機酸あるいは酢酸または特にギ酸などの有機酸の存在下で酸化アルミニウム、好ましくはアルミナを部分溶解するステップと、ii)MgOまたは水酸化アルミニウム懸濁液を添加するステップと、iii)NH4OH溶液を添加することによりpHを4.0より大きく、好ましくは4.5より大きく調整するステッップとを含む、b)担体を調製するステップと、
c)PBAまたはPCA懸濁液を前記担体に添加し、散布(aspersion)によって乾燥させるステップとを含んでなることを特徴とする、方法。 - ステージb)の第1ステップで用いられる酸が好ましくはギ酸であることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の方法。
- ステージb)の第1ステップが分散剤を添加するステップを含むことを特徴とする、請求項10または11に記載の方法。
- ステージb)の第1ステップが、分散剤として(NaPO4)6を0.1乃至2%の濃度で添加するステップを含むことを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物が請求項10乃至13のいずれか1項に記載のプロセスを用いて得られることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項に記載の化学組成物。
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CO5930067A1 (es) * | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-27 | Ecopetrol Sa | Trampa de vanadio para el proceso de ruptura catalitica y su preparacion |
CO5930068A1 (es) * | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-27 | Ecopetrol Sa | Proceso de produccion de trampas de vanadio por impregnacion y trampa de vanadio producida por dicho proceso |
CN103785346B (zh) * | 2012-10-29 | 2016-04-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种金属捕集剂及其制备方法和应用以及一种催化裂化方法 |
CN103785427B (zh) * | 2012-10-29 | 2016-03-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种金属捕集剂及其制备方法和应用以及一种催化裂化方法 |
CN104226236B (zh) * | 2013-06-14 | 2016-12-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 金属捕集剂以及催化裂化方法 |
MX2020004854A (es) | 2017-11-10 | 2020-08-13 | Basf Corp | Una trampa de metal para usar en el craqueo catalitico fluidos (fcc). |
MX2020006141A (es) | 2017-12-15 | 2020-08-13 | Basf Corp | Trampas de vanadio para proceso de craqueo catalitico. |
CN113233438B (zh) * | 2021-06-15 | 2022-11-01 | 瓮福(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种磷酸氢钙产品控砷增产的方法 |
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US20110152071A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
EP2105488A4 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
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CO5930067A1 (es) | 2008-06-27 |
US8633130B2 (en) | 2014-01-21 |
CN101583696B (zh) | 2014-03-19 |
KR20090087114A (ko) | 2009-08-14 |
BRPI0719938A2 (pt) | 2014-03-11 |
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