JP2010208999A - 農作物の収穫部位の収量向上剤 - Google Patents
農作物の収穫部位の収量向上剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2010208999A JP2010208999A JP2009057313A JP2009057313A JP2010208999A JP 2010208999 A JP2010208999 A JP 2010208999A JP 2009057313 A JP2009057313 A JP 2009057313A JP 2009057313 A JP2009057313 A JP 2009057313A JP 2010208999 A JP2010208999 A JP 2010208999A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- yield
- aminolevulinic acid
- biosynthesis inhibitor
- salt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 229960002749 aminolevulinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000021368 organ growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004115 pentoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XVNIJEYEHHBPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl 5-amino-4-oxopentanoate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)CCC(=O)CN XVNIJEYEHHBPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011772 phylloquinone Substances 0.000 description 1
- MBWXNTAXLNYFJB-LKUDQCMESA-N phylloquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(C/C=C(C)/CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)=C(C)C(=O)C2=C1 MBWXNTAXLNYFJB-LKUDQCMESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005235 piperonyl butoxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- KYELCRMQMAPVJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 5-amino-4-oxopentanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC(=O)CN KYELCRMQMAPVJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiamine Chemical compound CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KNXVOGGZOFOROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimagnesium;dioxido(oxo)silane;hydroxy-oxido-oxosilane Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O[Si]([O-])=O.O[Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O KNXVOGGZOFOROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVKCCVTVZORVGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trinexapac-ethyl Chemical group O=C1CC(C(=O)OCC)CC(=O)C1=C(O)C1CC1 RVKCCVTVZORVGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004474 valine Substances 0.000 description 1
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- MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-RKHKHRCZSA-N vitamin D2 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)/C=C/[C@H](C)C(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-RKHKHRCZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002076 α-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-BYLHFPJWSA-N β-1,4-galactotrioside Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H](O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-BYLHFPJWSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- A01N33/04—Nitrogen directly attached to aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- A01N33/08—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds containing oxygen or sulfur
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】下記一般式(1)
R2R1NCH2COCH2CH2COR3 (1)
(式中、R1及びR2は各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリール基又はアラルキル基を示し;R3はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニルオキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アラルキルオキシ基又はアミノ基を示す。)で表される5−アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩と、ジベレリン生合成阻害剤とを組み合せてなり、農作物の収穫部位が肥大化してくる時期に施用するためのものであることを特徴とする、農作物における種、実、胚軸、根及び茎から選ばれる収穫部位の収量向上剤。
【選択図】なし
Description
すなわち、前記非特許文献2のような徒長防止及び健苗育成は、苗の生育条件を回復及び向上させるが、同じ苗の条件で比較すると収穫部位の収量には影響を与えない。
従って、農作物の収穫部位の収量を向上させる手段の開発が望まれている。
R2R1NCH2COCH2CH2COR3 (1)
(式中、R1及びR2は各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリール基又はアラルキル基を示し;R3はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニルオキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アラルキルオキシ基又はアミノ基を示す。)で表される5−アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩とジベレリン生合成阻害剤とを組み合せてなり、農作物の収穫部位が肥大化してくる時期に施用するためのものであることを特徴とする、農作物における種、実、胚軸、根及び茎から選ばれる収穫部位の収量向上剤を提供するものである。
また、本発明は、前記式(1)で表される5−アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩とジベレリン生合成阻害剤とを、農作物の収穫部位が肥大化してくる時期に施用することを特徴とする、農作物における種、実、胚軸、根及び茎から選ばれる収穫部位の収量向上方法を提供するものである。
一般式(1)中、R1及びR2で示されるアルキル基としては、炭素数1〜24の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基が好ましく、より好ましくは炭素数1〜18のアルキル基、特に炭素数1〜6のアルキル基が好ましい。炭素数1〜6のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n−ブチル基、sec−ブチル基等が挙げられる。アシル基としては、炭素数1〜12の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルカノイル基、アルケニルカルボニル基又はアロイル基が好ましく、特に炭素数1〜6のアルカノイル基が好ましい。当該アシル基としては、ホルミル基、アセチル基、プロピオニル基、ブチリル基等が挙げられる。アルコキシカルボニル基としては、総炭素数2〜13のアルコキシカルボニル基が好ましく、特に炭素数2〜7のアルコキシカルボニル基が好ましい。当該アルコキシカルボニル基としては、メトキシカルボニル基、エトキシカルボニル基、n−プロポキシカルボニル基、イソプロポキシカルボニル基等が挙げられる。アリール基としては、炭素数6〜16のアリール基が好ましく、例えば、フェニル基、ナフチル基等が挙げられる。アラルキル基としては、炭素数6〜16のアリール基と上記炭素数1〜6のアルキル基とからなる基が好ましく、例えば、ベンジル基等が挙げられる。
イネ科としては、イネ、コムギ、オオムギ、トウモロコシ、モロコシなどが挙げられ、アブラナ科としては、ダイコン、ハツカダイコン、カブなどが挙げられ、キク科としてはヒマワリ、ゴボウが挙げられ、セリ科としては、ニンジンが挙げられ、ナス科としては、ナス、トマト、ピーマン、ジャガイモ、トウガラシなどが挙げられ、ウリ科としては、キュウリ、カボチャ、スイカ、メロンなどが挙げられ、アカザ科としてはテンサイが挙げられ、バラ科としてはイチゴが挙げられ、ユリ科としてはタマネギが挙げられ、アオイ科としては、オクラ、ワタなどが挙げられる。
最も好ましくはイネ、オオムギ、ハツカダイコン、ヒマワリである。
具体的に例を挙げると、イネにおいては、出穂の14日間前後が好ましく、さらに好ましくは出穂開始日からその7日後までが好ましい。
オオムギにおいては、出穂の14日間前後が好ましく、さらに好ましくは出穂開始の7日前から出穂開始までが好ましい。
ハツカダイコンにおいては、胚軸肥大開始3日前から肥大完了前までが好ましく、さらに好ましくは胚軸肥大開始日からその14日後までが好ましい。
ヒマワリにおいては、開花の14日前後が好ましく、さらに好ましくは開花日からその10日後までが好ましい。
具体的には、収量向上剤の農作物への投与においては、5−アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩基準で、10アール当たり0.1〜10000mg、特に好ましくは1〜2000mg、さらに好ましくは1〜1000mg用いるのが好ましいが、ジベレリン生合成阻害剤としての、ウニコナゾールPの処理量としては10アール当たり0.1〜10gが好ましく、さらに好ましくは0.2〜1gであり、プロヘキサジオンカルシウム塩の処理量としては10アール当たり0.1〜20gが好ましく、さらに好ましくは0.2〜10gである。上記範囲の処理量になるよう調整した剤を10アール当たり10〜1000Lさらに好ましくは20〜300L処理するのが好ましい。
イネ(品種:コシヒカリ)種籾に対し、70%エタノールで殺菌し、塩水洗により比重1.13よりも重い籾を選別した。1晩30℃吸水、1晩芽出しを行った後、育苗箱に播種した(4/11)。15L用のポリバケツ(1/17500×10a)に黒ボク土を一定量入れ、基肥として化成肥料をN−P−K=5−5−5kg/10aを混ぜ、水深3cmで水を張り、育苗した苗を1バケツ当たり3株植えた(5/15)。出穂(8/11)から3日後、ジベレリン生合成阻害剤としてプロヘキサジオンカルシウム塩を0.4g.a.i/10a(100L/10a)で処理を行った(8/14)。また、5−アミノレブリン酸(ALA)塩酸塩を0.1g.a.i/10a(100L/10a)を3回、茎葉処理した(8/14、8/30、9/10)。1試験区につきバケツ4個を用い、場所の影響が出ないようランダムに設置した。収穫(9/21)後、1株当たり穂数、1穂当たり籾数、登熟歩合(比重1.06以上の籾数/総籾数×100)、千粒重を測定し、それぞれを掛け合わせることで1株当たりの籾の収量を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
15L用のポリバケツ(1/17500×10a)に黒ボク土を一定量入れ、基肥として液体肥料ハイポニカをN−P−K=5.0−2.8−8.5kg/10a施肥し、オオムギ(品種:ファイバースノー)を播種した(11/3)。播種は1バケツ当たり5株とし、途中で試験区が均一となるよう、間引きを行い、バケツ当たり3株となるようにした。出穂(4/15)の5日前、ジベレリン生合成阻害剤としてプロヘキサジオンカルシウム塩を7.0、3.5g.a.i/10a(150L/10a)で処理を行った(4/10)。また、5−アミノレブリン酸塩酸塩の処理は0.15g.a.i/10a(150L/10a)を、プロヘキサジオンカルシウム塩処理前(4/3)、同時(4/10)、処理後(5/8)のそれぞれの時期に1回ずつ茎葉処理で行う条件とした。また、追肥として液体肥料ハイポニカをN−P−K=3.0−1.7−5.1kg/10a施肥(4/14、5/8)し、収穫(6/11)後、1株当たり籾重量を調査した。1試験区ポリバケツ4個を用いた。結果を表2に示す。
6号鉢(1/75000×10a)に黒ボク土を一定量入れ、ハツカダイコン(品種:レッドチャイム)を播種した(5/4)。基肥として液体肥料ハイポニカをN−P−K=5.0−2.8−8.5kg/10a施肥した(5/8)。播種は1鉢当たり5株とし、途中で試験区が均一となるよう間引きを行い鉢当たり3株となるようにした。胚軸肥大開始から10日後、ジベレリン生合成阻害剤としてプロヘキサジオンカルシウム塩を15g.a.i/10a(150L/10a)で処理を行った(5/27)。また、5−アミノレブリン酸塩酸塩0.1g.a.i/10a(150L/10a)を、プロヘキサジオンカルシウム塩処理6日後(6/2)に茎葉処理を行った。また、追肥として液体肥料ハイポニカをN−P−K=3.0−1.7−5.1kg/10a施肥(5/29)し、収穫(6/7)後、胚軸の新鮮重量を測定した。鉢の数は1試験区7個で行った。結果を表3に示す。
実験圃場(赤土)を1区画0.7m2に区切り、ヒマワリ(品種:ハイブリッドサンフラワー)を播種した(6/9)。基肥として化成肥料をN−P−K=5.0−5.0−5.0kg/10a施肥した(6/9)。播種は1試験区当たり4株とし、途中で試験区が均一となるよう間引きを行い試験区当たり2株となるようにした。開花から7日後、ジベレリン生合成阻害剤としてスミセブンP液剤(ウニコナゾールP0.025%含有)をウニコナゾールPの処理量が0.3g.a.i/10a(300L/10a)となるよう処理を行った(8/20)。また、5−アミノレブリン酸塩酸塩0.2g.a.i/10a(300L/10a)を、ウニコナゾールP処理日(8/20)、ウニコナゾールP処理2週間後(9/3)の合計2回、茎葉処理を行った。また、追肥は化成肥料をN−P−K=3.0−3.0−3.0kg/10a施肥(7/8)し、収穫(9/16)後、各植物体の種の数、重量を測定した。このとき、中身のない殻だけの種は除外した。試験区は各条件につき6試験区とした。
また、このとき、ヒマワリの植物体の重量は変化をしていなかった。テンサイ幼苗に5−アミノレブリン酸とウニコナゾールを処理することを特徴とする既報文献では、ウニコナゾールによる植物の生育停滞を、併用する5―アミノレブリン酸により回復させ、あるいはそれ以上に植物体の乾燥重量を向上させる効果であったが、開花前後に処理を行った場合は植物体そのものの成長には影響を与えないことが分かる。
ジフィーポットにカブ(品種:玉波)を播種(9/11)し、1区画0.4m2に区切った実験圃場(赤土)に定植した(9/24)。この時、基肥として化成肥料をN−P−K=5−5−5kg/10a施肥した。定植は1試験区4株とし、1条件につき4試験区を場所の影響が出ないようランダムに設定した。定植後の苗が成長している時期であり、肥大開始の7日前に、ジベレリン生合成阻害剤としてプロヘキサジオンカルシウム塩を処理量が20g.a.i/10a(200L/10a)、5−アミノレブリン酸塩酸塩を処理量が0.2g.a.i/10a(200L/10a)となるよう処理を行った(10/16)。収穫(11/12)後、植物体の地上部と地下部の重量を測定した。
この結果から、苗が成長している時期では、5−アミノレブリン酸塩酸塩とジベレリン生合成阻害剤とを組み合わせて処理を行っても、収量は向上しないことが分かる。
Claims (7)
- 下記一般式(1)
R2R1NCH2COCH2CH2COR3 (1)
(式中、R1及びR2は各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリール基又はアラルキル基を示し;R3はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニルオキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アラルキルオキシ基又はアミノ基を示す。)で表される5−アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩と、ジベレリン生合成阻害剤とを組み合せてなり、農作物の収穫部位が肥大化してくる時期に施用するためのものであることを特徴とする、農作物における種、実、胚軸、根及び茎から選ばれる収穫部位の収量向上剤。 - ジベレリン生合成阻害剤が、ウニコナゾールP、プロヘキサジオンカルシウム塩、及びこれらの塩又は異性体から選ばれる少なくとも1種以上である、請求項1記載の収量向上剤。
- 農作物が、イネ科、アブラナ科又はキク科である、請求項1又は2記載の収量向上剤。
- イネ科、アブラナ科、キク科の農作物が、イネ、オオムギ、ハツカダイコン又はヒマワリである、請求項3に記載の収量向上剤。
- 5−アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩と、ジベレリン生合成阻害剤とを同時に施用するためのものである請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の収量向上剤。
- 下記一般式(1)
R2R1NCH2COCH2CH2COR3 (1)
(式中、R1及びR2は各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリール基又はアラルキル基を示し;R3はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニルオキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アラルキルオキシ基又はアミノ基を示す。)で表される5−アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩と、ジベレリン生合成阻害剤とを、農作物の収穫部位が肥大化してくる時期に施用することを特徴とする、農作物における種、実、胚軸、根及び茎から選ばれる収穫部位の収量向上方法。 - 5−アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩とジベレリン生合成阻害剤とを、同時に施用する請求項6記載の収量向上方法。
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