JP2010100858A - アルミニウム導体コンポジットコア強化ケーブルおよび製造方法 - Google Patents
アルミニウム導体コンポジットコア強化ケーブルおよび製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】 少なくとも1層のアルミニウム導体(306,308)により囲まれるコンポジットコア(302,304)を持つACCCケーブルに関する。コンポジットコアは、軸方向に配向されかつ充分に連続した少なくとも1種類の強化繊維を熱硬化性樹脂マトリクス中に有し、約90〜約230℃の範囲内の使用温度性能、少なくとも50%の繊維体積分率、約1.10〜約1.65GPa(約160〜約240Ksi)の範囲の引張強度、約50〜約210GPa(約7〜約30Msi)の範囲の弾性率、および約0〜約6×10−6m/m/℃の範囲の熱膨張率を持つ。
【選択図】 図11
Description
を誘引するために要求される剛直性を持ち、ケーブルがゆるむのを防いでいる。次に、ガラス繊維および熱可塑性樹脂を有するコンポジットコアは、許容電流増加に要求される使用温度、すなわち90℃〜230℃の間に応じない。
カーボンエポキシコンポジットコアを用いて設計されるコンポジットコアはまた固有の問題点を持つ。カーボンエポキシコアは非常に制限された柔軟性を持っておりコストは実に高い。カーボンエポキシコアを持つケーブル製品は巻取および輸送を可能にするために充分な柔軟性を持たない。更に、カーボン繊維のコストは他の入手可能な繊維に比較して高価である。ガラス繊維のキロあたり約0.79ドル〜約2.64ドル(ポンドあたり0.36ドル〜1.20ドル)の範囲に比較して、カーボン繊維のコストはキロあたり約11ドル〜81ドル(ポンドあたり5ドル〜37ドル)の範囲である。従って、カーボン繊維のみから構成されるコンポジットコアは資金的に実施可能でない。
据えるためのより多くの物理的空間を可能にし、導体重量の増加なくたるみの制限に応じる機械的および物理的性能を可能にする。
本発明のこれらのおよび他の特徴は、本発明の詳細な説明を参照し、添付の図面に照らして読まれることにより最もよく理解される。
本発明の好適な実施態様が示される添付の図面に関連して、本発明は以下でより完全に説明される。しかしながら本発明は多くの異なる形態に具体化されてよく、前記の実施態様に制限されるとして構成されるべきではない。むしろこれらの実施態様は、本開示が当業者らに本発明の範囲を完全に伝達するために提供される。同じ番号は終始同じ要素を参照する。図面は必ずしも縮尺で示されてはいないが、本発明を明瞭に図示するように配置されている。
の弾性率、約90〜約230℃の範囲の使用温度、および約0〜約6×10−6m/m/℃の範囲の熱膨張率を持つ。これらの物理的特性を達成するために、本発明のコンポジットコアは、要求される物理的特性にコンポジットコアが応じることを可能にするための固有の物理的特性を持つ種類の強化繊維を有することができる。実用の観点から、本発明範囲内の大抵のケーブルは少なくとも2種類の異なる強化繊維を有する。
ーボン、ボロン、ケブラー、およびガラス繊維の何種類かは工業的に入手可能である。各々の繊維の種類は、特定のコンポジットを達成するために種々の組合せで組合わせられてよい、特性を異にする特殊型を持つ。注目すべきは、これらは本発明の明記される特性に応じる繊維の単なる例であることであり、そのため本発明はこれらの繊維のみに制限されない。本発明の要求される物理的特性に応じる他の繊維は用いられてよい。
強度を持つカーボン繊維が選択される。更に好ましくは約4.90〜約5.17GPa(約710〜750Ksi)の範囲である。好ましくは約1.24〜約1.52GPa(約180〜約220Ksi)の範囲の引張強度を持つガラス繊維が選択される。コンポジットの引張強度は、より低い引張強度を持つガラス繊維をより高い引張強度を持つカーボン繊維と組合わせることにより向上される。両種類の繊維の特性は、より望ましい物理的特性の集合を持つ新規なケーブルを形成するために組合わせられる。
品を製作するための強化繊維の固有の物理的特性に基づき選択される。詳細には、許容電流増加に耐えることができるACCCケーブルを設計するために、コンポジットコアはより高い弾性率およびより低い熱膨張率の両方を有する。繊維は導電性ではなく高い誘電特性を持つことが好ましい。ACCCケーブルは、たるみの増加を伴うことなく、より高い使用温度で機能する。対温度たるみの推定は、弾性率、熱膨張率、コンポジット強度部材の重量、および導体重量の入力を必要とする。従って、これらの物理的特性はコンポジットコアの設計では考慮に入れられる。
メータを変更することにより制御されてもよい一定の物理的特性を示す。より詳細には、コンポジットコア形成工程は、最終のACCCケーブルで所望の物理的特性を達成するために調整可能である。
ろう。引取装置は精密に制御された速度を持つ工程を通じて製品を引取る。
配する。スプールから接線方向の引取(tangent pull)は繊維を撚ることはない。中央から引取る方法(center pull method)はスプールから分配される繊維を撚る。そのようにして、中央から引取る方法は繊維撚れの数を増加させる。繊維撚れは他の繊維撚れの上に重なる場合があり、未含浸の(dry )繊維から多数のスポットを持つコンポジットを形成する。ドライスポットを回避し繊維の含浸性能を最適化するために接線方向の引取を用いることが好ましい。
好ましくは、工程の必要に従い、工程は温度を随時変更することを可能にする。
好ましくは、温度差を検出した後、コンピュータは充分な熱を供給するために幾つかの加熱器を作動させる。システムが要求する場合には、コンピュータは9台の加熱器の中の1台を作動させる。これに代えて、工程の必要により、コンピュータは加熱器集合体の中の他の全ての加熱器を作動させる。別の実施態様では、コンピュータは加熱器集合体の中の全ての加熱器を作動させる。更なる代わりの実施態様では、コンピュータは加熱器集合体の中の一部の加熱器を作動させる、または全ての加熱器を停止させる。
験協会(ASTM)E595のアウトガス要求およびUL94の難燃性試験に応じ、熱的にまたは機械的に強度部材を損傷することなく220〜280℃に渡る温度で断続的に使用することができることは更に好ましい。
ために、加工は分断される。
分配を達成するために適当な張力の下にあり、ブッシング90は連続的に繊維を圧縮するために機能し、この実施態様では、カーボンおよびガラスを有するコンポジットコアを形成する。ブッシング90は複数の幾何学構造の束を形成するように設計されてよい。例えば、図5にはコンポジット部材の断面の異体が説明されている。各断面は異なるブッシング90の設計から生じる。
よび最終の直径を有する。
び製品温度の監視、組成の測定、および引取工程速度の測定を含んでよい。例えば、各バッチのコンポジットコア部材は工程の最適な実行を保持するための支持データを持つ。これに代えて、品質管理システムは標識システムを有する。標識システムはコンポジットコア部材に特定ロットの製品情報を標識する。更に、コンポジットコア部材は、例えば高等級のクラスA、クラスB、クラスCのように、特定の品質に従い異なる等級に位置づけられてよい。
何学構造断面の形成を容易にするために複数の連続的なブッシング内に更なるブッシングが追加されてもよい。加工システムの末端で、5つの加工流線中の5つの部分はコンポジットケーブルコアを形成するために工程の終端で組合わせられる。これに代えて、セグメントは柔軟性を増加させ巻取を容易にするために撚られてよい。最終のコンポジットコアは軽量の高導電性アルミニウム中に巻かれてコンポジットケーブルを形成する。好ましくは、コンポジットコアケーブルは外側の絶縁ガラス繊維コンポジット層を持つ内側のカーボンコアと、アルミニウムの台形状の2層のストランドとを有する。
通路136を貫通して通される。底部2列の半分を有する下部右4分の1の通路から出ている繊維トウの末端は続くブッシングの通路140を貫通して通される。底部2列の半分を有する下部左4分の1の通路から出ている繊維トウの末端は続くブッシングの通路138を貫通して通される。中央上部列の右4分の1および左4分の1の通路は続くブッシングの通路142および144を通じて通され、中央底部列の右4分の1および左4分の1の通路はそれぞれ通路134および146を貫通して通される。
2は含浸タンク22からBステージオーブン24へ引取られ、約93.3℃(200°F)まで加熱される。ガイド18により別々に保持される繊維トウ12は、繊維トウ12を圧縮および配置するための複数の連続的なブッシングを有するやはり約93.3℃(200°F)の第2のBステージオーブン26の中に引取られる。第2のBステージオーブン26の中で、繊維トウ12はブッシングにより与えられる複数の通路を通じて方向付けられる。連続的な通路は繊維トウ12を最終の一体のコンポジットコア部材の中に連続的に圧縮および配置する。
コンポジットコア部材は第2のBステージオーブン26から続く約166〜188℃(約330〜約370°F)のオーブン加工システム28へ引取られ、その中でコンポジットコアは硬化され、続く約−1.1℃〜約37.8℃(30〜100°F)の冷却システム30へ冷却のために引取られる。冷却後、コンポジットコアは続く約166〜188℃(約330〜約370°F)のオーブン加工システム32へ後硬化のために引取られる。引取装置は約82.2℃(約180°F)の約3.0m(10フィート)空気冷却領域を通じて製品を引取る。
Claims (17)
- 熱硬化性樹脂マトリクス中の2種類以上の強化繊維と、前記コアは少なくとも50%の繊維体積分率を有することとを有する、電気ケーブル用のコンポジットコアにおいて、
少なくとも1つの繊維は約−0.7〜約0m/m/℃の範囲の熱膨張率に加えて約151〜約255GPa(約22〜37Msi)の範囲の弾性率、および少なくとも約2413MPa(約350Ksi)の引張強度を有することと、少なくとも1つの繊維は約5×10−6m/m/℃〜約10×10−6m/m/℃の範囲の熱膨張率、および少なくとも約1241MPa(約180Ksi)の引張強度を有することとを特徴とするコンポジットコア。 - 電気ケーブル用のコンポジットコアにおいて、
軸方向に配向されかつ充分に連続した1種類以上の強化繊維を熱硬化性樹脂マトリクス中に有し、少なくとも約1103MPa(約160Ksi)の引張強度、および約48〜約206GPa(約7〜約30Msi)の範囲の弾性率を有するコンポジットコア。 - 電気ケーブル用のコンポジットコアにおいて、コンポジット材料を有し、少なくとも約1103MPa(約160Ksi)の引張強度および少なくとも約90℃の使用温度を有し、輸送のために少なくとも約2.1m(7フィート)の直径のホイールに巻取るのに充分な可撓性を有するコンポジットコア。
- 電気ケーブル用のコンポジットコアにおいて、
20℃で少なくとも約200〜約1500cPの粘度範囲を有する熱硬化性樹脂中に、少なくとも約4826MPa〜約5171MPa(約700Ksi〜約750Ksi)の引張強度、および少なくとも約206GPa〜約255GPa(約30Msi〜約37Msi)の弾性率を備える高品質カーボン繊維を有する内側のコアと、
20℃で少なくとも約200〜約1500cPの粘度範囲を有する熱硬化性樹脂中に、E−ガラス繊維を有する外側のコアとを有し、
約1103〜約1655MPa(約160〜240Ksi)の範囲の引張強度、および約48〜約206GPa(約7〜約30Msi)の範囲の弾性率を有するコンポジットコア。 - 電気ケーブル用のコンポジットコアにおいて、
カーボン繊維と、ガラス繊維を超える機械的特性を有する少なくとも一部の繊維とを熱硬化性樹脂中に含有する内側のコアと、
熱硬化性樹脂中にガラス繊維を含有する外側のコアとを有するコンポジットコア。 - 請求項5に記載のコンポジットコアにおいて、ガラス繊維を超える機械的特性を有する前記繊維はバサルトであるコンポジットコア。
- 請求項1,2,4のいずれか一項に記載のコンポジットコアにおいて、前記コンポジットコアの前記強化繊維の種類は、カーボン、ケブラー、バサルト、ガラス、アラミド、ボロン、液晶繊維、高性能ポリエチレンおよびカーボンナノファイバーからなる群から選択されるコンポジットコア。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のコンポジットコアにおいて、少なくとも約0.96MPa・m1/2(約0.87INS-lb/in )の単味樹脂破壊靭性を有する熱硬化性樹脂を含有するコンポジットコア。
- 請求項4に記載のコンポジットコアにおいて、前記内側のコア中の少なくとも1種類の
強化繊維は、約−0.7〜約0m/m/℃の範囲の熱膨張率に加えて約151〜約255GPa(約22〜37Msi)の範囲の弾性率、および少なくとも約2413MPa(350Ksi)の範囲の引張強度を有し、前記外側のコア中の少なくとも1種類の強化繊維は、約5×10−6〜約10×10−6m/m/℃の範囲の熱膨張率に加えて少なくとも約1241MPa(約180Ksi)の範囲の引張強度を有するコンポジットコア。 - 請求項1,2,4,5のいずれか一項に記載のコンポジットコアにおいて、少なくとも約1103MPa(160Ksi)の範囲の引張強度、少なくとも約48〜約206GPa(約7〜約30Msi)の範囲の弾性率、約90℃〜約230℃の範囲の使用温度、および少なくとも約0〜約6×10−6m/m/℃の範囲の熱膨張率を含む、最終的な前記コンポジットコアの物理的特性に適うように、前記繊維の数および種類は選択されるコンポジットコア。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のコンポジットコアにおいて、少なくとも約50%の範囲の繊維/樹脂体積分率を有するコンポジットコア。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のコンポジットコアにおいて、重量で少なくとも約62%の範囲の繊維樹脂比を有するコンポジットコア。
- 請求項1,3,4のいずれか一項に記載のコンポジットコアにおいて、内側のカーボン/熱硬化性樹脂層および外側のガラス繊維/熱硬化性樹脂層を有するハイブリッド化された同軸コアを有するコンポジットコア。
- 請求項4〜6のいずれか一項に記載のコンポジットコアにおいて、前記内側および外側のコアはハイブリッド化された同軸コアを形成するコンポジットコア。
- 請求項4〜6のいずれか一項に記載のコンポジットコアにおいて、前記内側のコアおよび前記外側のコアはセグメント化された同軸コアを形成するコンポジットコア。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のコンポジットコアにおいて、複数のアルミニウムセグメントの少なくとも1つの層は前記コンポジットコアの周囲に巻かれるコンポジットコア。
- 請求項16に記載のコンポジットコアにおいて、複数のアルミニウムセグメントの第2の層は前記コンポジットコアの周囲に巻かれるコンポジットコア。
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