JP2009523606A - シリカ成形体の製造方法 - Google Patents
シリカ成形体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2009523606A JP2009523606A JP2008551303A JP2008551303A JP2009523606A JP 2009523606 A JP2009523606 A JP 2009523606A JP 2008551303 A JP2008551303 A JP 2008551303A JP 2008551303 A JP2008551303 A JP 2008551303A JP 2009523606 A JP2009523606 A JP 2009523606A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- silica
- mixture
- zeolite
- catalyst
- shaped body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
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- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
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- IOUVKUPGCMBWBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phloridzosid Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1C(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IOUVKUPGCMBWBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IOUVKUPGCMBWBT-GHRYLNIYSA-N phlorizin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1C(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IOUVKUPGCMBWBT-GHRYLNIYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 5
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- NPORIZAYKBQYLF-LREBCSMRSA-N nicotinyl alcohol tartrate Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CN=C1.OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O NPORIZAYKBQYLF-LREBCSMRSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- RNMCCPMYXUKHAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,3-diamino-1,2,2-tris(carboxymethyl)cyclohexyl]acetic acid Chemical compound NC1(N)CCCC(CC(O)=O)(CC(O)=O)C1(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O RNMCCPMYXUKHAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
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- JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl sulfide Chemical compound O=C=S JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 206010065042 Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,3,5,2,4,6$l^{2}-trioxadisilaluminane 2,4-dioxide;dihydroxide;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2].O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1.O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1 UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001657 ferrierite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229940099635 niacor Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- LISFMEBWQUVKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-2-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(=O)C=CC2=C1 LISFMEBWQUVKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
−水蒸気の存在下、
−水蒸気および空気の存在下、
−少なくとも5容量%の空気を含有する雰囲気中、
−少なくとも10容量%の水蒸気を含有する雰囲気中
の1つまたは幾つかの下で実施される。
特に明記しない限り、以下の原材料および方法を用いた。
表面積(SA)は、マイクロメトリックス・トリスター(Micromeritics Tristar)V6.05機器を用いて、およびBET式を用いて、窒素吸着によって測定した。
細孔容積(PV)および中央細孔径(MPD)は、マイクロメトリックス・オートポア(Micrometitics AutoPore)IV9500機器を用いて、シリカ上の水銀について130°の接触角を仮定して、ASTM D4284−03方法に従って、水銀圧入ポロシメトリーによって測定した。報告される中央細孔径は、水銀圧入容量測定値から計算した。
アルミナ含有率、ナトリウム含有率およびカリウム含有率は、サーモ・エレクトロン・コーポレーション(Thermo Electron Corporation)によって製造されたアイリス(IRIS)機器を用いて、誘導結合プラズマ(ICP)発光分光法によって測定した。
圧潰強度(クラッシュ(Crush))は、3.175mm(1/8インチ)アンビル配置の歪みビーム法を用いて、バンケルVK200錠剤硬度試験機(Vankel VK200 Tablet Hardness Tester)で測定された、100個以上の粒子の圧潰強度を平均することによって測定した。本方法の原理は、ある力がビームによって粒子に加えられ、圧潰強度は粒子を破砕させるであろうビームによって加えられた力の量であることである。本機器はポンド/インチとして圧潰強度を報告する。1ポンド/インチの圧潰強度はまた、17.87g/mmの圧潰強度として表すことができる。
ウルトラシルVN3SPは、98重量%のシリカ含有率、約0.4重量%のナトリウム含有率、約0.1重量%のアルミナ含有率および155〜195m2/gのBET表面積を有する、デグサから入手可能な沈澱シリカである。
ナイアコール2034DI(ナイアコール・ナノ・トクノロジーズから入手可能な)は、34重量%のシリカ含有率、3.0のpHおよび7cPの粘度を有する水性コロイド状シリカゾルである。
本実験に使用したポリビニルアルコール(PVA)は、78〜82モル%のOH価を有する、商品名PVAでセラニーズ(Celanese)によって販売されるポリビニルアルコールである。
ランカスター混和機(Lancaster Muller)は、サイズが約40リットル(10ガロン)の、そして油圧操作のステンレススチール4インチのホイール、かき取り刃の付いた回転パンと、ミキサーとからなる混合/混和装置である。圧力を、調節された空気圧を用いて混和ホイールにかけることができる。ランカスター混和機の目的は、原料を混ぜ合わせ、くっつけることである。追加の原料は、装置の最上部上の小さなドアを通してか、または回転を止め、装置の最上部半分を持ち上げそしてパンに直接加えることによって加えることができる。
エイリッヒミキサーは、サイズが約28リットル(7ガロン)の、そして可変速度ステンレススチール4突起ミキサーの付いた可変速度回転パンと、かき取り刃とからなる混合装置である。エイリッヒ混和機の目的は、原料を混ぜ合わせ、一緒に潰すことである。追加の原料は、装置の最上部上の小さなドアを通してか、または回転を止め、装置の最上部半分を持ち上げそしてパンに直接加えることによって加えることができる。
2インチのボンネット押出機(Two Inch Bonnet Extruder)は、2インチ径刃先回転を駆動するために電気モーターを用いる押出装置である。刃先の一端に、触媒混合物を供給するための供給原料ホッパーがある。刃先チューブの出口で、触媒を成形するためのダイプレートを、刃先出口チューブの面へのプレートのボルト締めを用いて取り付ける。ダイプレート圧は、押出機の出口に置いた圧力変換器によって監視することができる。押出物の形状は、個々のダイプレートによって決定することができる。典型的には、スチールダイかプラスチックダイかのいずれかを用いる。
本実施例では、様々な市販の担体の特性を測定した。表1は各成形体についての特性をリストする。
本実施例では、実施例1の成形体IVを様々な温度で水蒸気と接触させた。
a.ランカスター混和機手順
1022gのウルトラシルVN3SPシリカを、ランカスター混和機パンに加え、ランカスター混和機ホイールへの1734kPa(250psi)を用いて、3分間混和して微粉を得た。次に、706gのナイアコール2034DIをランカスター混和機に加え、そして混和をもう3分間行った。500gの脱イオン水に溶解させた48gのPVAの溶液を、引き続き562gの追加の脱イオン水をランカスター混和機に加えた。
937gのウルトラシルVN3SPシリカをエイリッヒミキサー・パンに加え、低い混合設定で3分間混合して微粉を得た。次に、647gのナイアコール2034DIをエイリッヒミキサーに加え、混合を低い設定でもう3分間行った。400gの脱イオン水に溶解させた44gのPVAの溶液、引き続き574gの追加の脱イオン水をエイリッヒミキサーに加えた。
ポリビニルアルコールを押し出されるべき混合物に全く加えなかったことを除き、混合物中の他の全原料比を同一に保って、実施例3の手順を繰り返した。PVAなしでは、混合物は、実施例3のものより押し出すことが困難であった。
シリカ成形体の特性を、シリカ成形体と、触媒の重量を基準として、4.5〜5.5重量%酸化コバルトと19〜21重量%酸化モリブデンとを含有する触媒の触媒性能をナフサ原料油流れ水素添加法で試験することによって評価した。
Claims (17)
- 少なくとも85重量%のシリカ含有率を有する成形体の製造方法であって、
a)少なくとも1つの非晶質シリカ粉末、7未満のpHを有する少なくとも1つのシリカゾル、少なくとも1つのポリマー有機押出助剤および場合により補足の液体媒体から得られた混合物から成形体を形成する工程;
b)前記工程a)で得られた成形体を乾燥させる工程;および
c)前記成形体を500℃〜800℃の範囲の温度に加熱する工程
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記補足の液体媒体は、水であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記シリカゾルは、前記工程a)に使用される前記混合物中のシリカの全体量の4重量%〜40重量%の量に寄与することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記工程a)で成形される前記混合物は、ゼオライトまたはゼオライト型物質の結晶子を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ゼオライトまたはゼオライト型物質は、前記混合物中のシリカの量以下の量で存在することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記工程c)は、水蒸気の存在下に実施されることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記工程c)は、水蒸気および空気の存在下に実施されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記工程c)は、少なくとも5容量%の空気を含有する雰囲気中で行われることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記工程c)は、少なくとも10容量%の水蒸気を含有する雰囲気中で行われることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマー押出助剤は、ポリビニルアルコール、セルロース、メチルセルロースおよびヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースポリマーなどのセルロースエーテル、コロイド状シリカ、フロリジン、カーボン粉末、グラファイト、ポリオキシエチレン、混合ウォ−ルナット殻並びにそれらの2つ以上の混合物よりなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマー押出助剤は、前記工程a)に使用される前記混合物中に存在するシリカ全体の100重量部当たり0.5〜10重量部の量で使用されることを特徴とする請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記成形は、押出によって行われることを特徴とする請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記工程b)は、200℃以下の温度で実施されることを特徴とする請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記工程c)での加熱は、10分〜120分の時間実施されることを特徴とする請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 使用される前記シリカゾルは、検出できる痕跡量のナトリウムを含有しないことを特徴とする請求項1〜14のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の方法で製造された成形体を含むことを特徴とする触媒。
- 転化条件下、炭化水素原料油を請求項16に記載の触媒と接触させて転化生成物を形成することを特徴とする炭化水素原料油の転化方法。
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FR2931705B1 (fr) * | 2008-05-28 | 2010-09-03 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Catalyseur a base d'un materiau amorphe comprenant du silicium a porosite hierarchisee et organisee et procede ameliore de traitement de charges hydrocarbonees |
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US10022712B2 (en) | 2010-06-01 | 2018-07-17 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Hydroprocessing catalysts and their production |
CN103201030B (zh) | 2010-11-08 | 2016-01-20 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 关于费-托催化剂的改进 |
US9242233B2 (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2016-01-26 | Saudi Basic Industries Corporation | Catalyst for light naphtha aromatization |
US9180441B2 (en) | 2012-09-20 | 2015-11-10 | Saudi Basic Industries Corporation | Method of forming zeolite shaped body with silica binder |
CN105126929B (zh) * | 2015-08-21 | 2017-05-24 | 山东迅达化工集团有限公司 | 具有较高机械强度的硅藻土载体的制备方法 |
CN105148889B (zh) * | 2015-08-21 | 2017-10-10 | 山东迅达化工集团有限公司 | 具有较高机械强度的二氧化硅载体的制备方法 |
CN105149012B (zh) * | 2015-08-21 | 2017-08-25 | 山东迅达化工集团有限公司 | 提高二氧化硅载体大孔体积的制备方法 |
WO2017112377A1 (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-29 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Base metal dewaxing catalyst |
FR3129301A1 (fr) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-05-26 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Materiau comprenant une silice mise en forme par extrusion avec un liant phosphopotassique ou phosphate de cesium presentant des proprietes mecaniques ameliorees et son procede de preparation |
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EP1973650A1 (en) | 2008-10-01 |
JP5544089B2 (ja) | 2014-07-09 |
WO2007145676A1 (en) | 2007-12-21 |
CN103894167B (zh) | 2017-01-04 |
US20100206775A1 (en) | 2010-08-19 |
EP1973650B1 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
AR059061A1 (es) | 2008-03-12 |
CN103894167A (zh) | 2014-07-02 |
TW200738335A (en) | 2007-10-16 |
US8207082B2 (en) | 2012-06-26 |
ES2727456T3 (es) | 2019-10-16 |
TWI409103B (zh) | 2013-09-21 |
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