JP2009509815A - 霜防止フィルムアセンブリ、製造方法、およびそれらで作製される物品 - Google Patents
霜防止フィルムアセンブリ、製造方法、およびそれらで作製される物品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009509815A JP2009509815A JP2008533739A JP2008533739A JP2009509815A JP 2009509815 A JP2009509815 A JP 2009509815A JP 2008533739 A JP2008533739 A JP 2008533739A JP 2008533739 A JP2008533739 A JP 2008533739A JP 2009509815 A JP2009509815 A JP 2009509815A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/24851—Intermediate layer is discontinuous or differential
- Y10T428/24868—Translucent outer layer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
- Y10T428/2848—Three or more layers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31507—Of polycarbonate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31573—Next to addition polymer of ethylenically unsaturated monomer
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2005年9月30日に出願された米国特許出願第11/241629号の一部継続出願であり、その全体を参照により本願に援用する。
発明の背景
本願は、霜を防ぐのに有用な多層フィルムアセンブリと、それらの製造方法と、該フィルムアセンブリから形成される物品とに関する。
一実施形態では、霜防止フィルムアセンブリは、第1の表面と該第1の表面とは反対側の第2の表面とを有するほぼ透明なフィルムと、ほぼ透明な霜防止層とを含んでおり、該霜防止層は、約−23℃と約65℃との間を交互に繰り返す温度での霜防止特性を該層に与えるのに有効なポリウレタンフィルム形成組成物から形成されており、該霜防止層は、フィルムの第1の表面のある領域上に配置される。
図面の簡単な説明
ここで、例示的な諸実施形態であり、類似の要素には同様に番号が付けられた諸図を参照する。
本明細書に開示の霜防止フィルムアセンブリは、冷蔵庫および冷凍庫の扉(例えば、氷点下の温度にさらされるためのもの)やパネルなどの耐凝結物品または反射表面(例えば、浴室の鏡)の製造で有用なほぼ透明の多層フィルムであるが、それらは、これら特定の製品または用途だけに限定されない。該フィルムアセンブリの霜防止特性は、外部加熱器を使用せずに、約−17℃、場合によってはさらに約−23℃もの低い温度で有効である。これらの温度は、従来技術の霜防止フィルムによって可能となる温度よりもかなり低い。加熱器が必要とされないので、そのようなフィルムの使用は、大きなエネルギー節約をもたらすことができる。有利な任意の特徴では、アセンブリは、再配置可能(repositionable)となるように、かつ/またはグラフィックを含めることができるように製造される。
以下の表Iの調合(体積%)を含む組成物から形成されるポリウレタン霜防止層を使用して、ポリカーボネートフィルム上に配置された霜防止層を含む霜防止アセンブリを製造した。
前述の霜防止フィルムアセンブリを、実際の食料雑貨品店内の冷蔵ユニットに適用した。冷蔵ユニットは、−29℃に設定され、ユニット内側の気温は、−23℃で、店内の空気は、40〜50%RHで21℃〜24℃であった。これらの条件下では、1分間開けた後でも、霜防止材料が適用された扉では霜が観察されなかった。霜防止材料なしの扉は、10〜15秒以内に霜で覆われた。霜防止フィルムアセンブリを備えかつ加熱された扉と、霜防止フィルムアセンブリを備えた、加熱されていない扉との間に、相違は認められなかった。これによって、100〜140個の扉をもつ平均的な店舗は、加熱された扉なしに経営でき、その店舗について約60アンペアを節約できるようになる。
マスキングフィルム表面の仕上がりおよび材料の効果を評価する目的で、様々なマスキングフィルム材料を用いて霜防止フィルムアセンブリを作り出した。3つのマスキングフィルム、すなわち、平滑な表面を含むポリエチレンマスキングフィルム(平滑PE)、微細テクスチャ表面を含むポリエチレンマスキングフィルム(微細テクスチャPE)、および平滑な表面を含むポリエステルマスキングフィルム(平滑PET)について、ヘイズ値(haze values)および霜発生時間(frost times)(すなわち、パネルが霜で覆われるまでの持続時間、秒で測定される)を評価した。ヘイズを、ASTM D1003を用いて測定し、霜で覆われるまでの時間を、通常の蛍光照明条件下で、通常の視角で1〜3フィートの観察者距離のところで評価した。
以下の表IVに、外観および耐霜性に対する硬化時間、ファンスピード、およびフィルム厚さの影響を評価する目的で実施された実験の実験結果が提示されている。外観は、通常の蛍光照明条件下で、45°の視角で1〜3フィートの観察者距離のところで測定した。
2.20秒間扉を開いて閉じる:10サイクル
3.900秒間扉を開いて閉じる:1サイクル
以下の表VIおよびVIIで使用するとき、被覆(sheathing)は、水分被覆が始まった時間を指し、「」秒での水滴は、扉上に水滴(droplets)が形成された時間を指し、w/dは、水滴ありの状態を指す。
Claims (24)
- 霜防止フィルムアセンブリ(anti−frost film assembly)であって、
第1の表面と前記第1の表面とは反対側の第2の表面とを有するほぼ透明なフィルムと、
ほぼ透明な霜防止層とを含んでおり、前記霜防止層が、−23℃と65℃との間を交互に繰り返す温度での霜防止特性を前記層に与えるのに有効なポリウレタンフィルム形成組成物から形成されており、前記霜防止層が、前記フィルムの前記第1の表面のある領域上に配置される霜防止フィルムアセンブリ。 - 前記フィルムが、ポリカーボネート、ポリエステル、ポリ(シクロヘキサンジメタノールテレフタレート)−co−ポリ(エチレンテレフタレート)、アクリル、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリビスアリルカーボネート、ポリエチレンナフテネート(polyethylene naphthenate)、ポリカーボネート/PCCDブレンド、および以上のポリマーの少なくとも1つを含む組合せから成る群から選択される、請求項1に記載の霜防止フィルムアセンブリ。
- 前記ポリウレタン形成フィルム組成物が、イソシアネート反応性部分、疎水性領域および親水性領域を有する界面活性剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の霜防止フィルムアセンブリ。
- 前記界面活性剤が、カチオン性界面活性剤とアニオン性界面活性剤との組合せを含む、請求項3に記載の霜防止フィルムアセンブリ。
- 前記界面活性剤のイソシアネート反応性部分がヒドロキシル基である、請求項3に記載の霜防止フィルムアセンブリ。
- 前記ポリウレタン形成フィルム組成物が、反応性イソシアネート基を有するポリイソシアネートプレポリマーと、親水性ポリオールと、親水性領域および疎水性領域を有するヒドロキシル基含有界面活性剤(hydroxyl−bearing surfactant)とを含む、請求項1に記載の霜防止フィルムアセンブリ。
- 前記界面活性剤が、前記界面活性剤に共有結合したヒドロキシル基を有するカチオン性界面活性剤である、請求項6に記載の霜防止フィルムアセンブリ。
- 前記界面活性剤が、カウンターカチオン(countercation)と結び付いたアニオン性界面活性剤であり、前記ヒドロキシル基が前記カウンターカチオンと共有結合している、請求項6に記載の霜防止フィルムアセンブリ。
- グラフィックコンポーネント(graphic component)をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の霜防止フィルムアセンブリ。
- 前記グラフィックコンポーネントが、前記霜防止層のある領域上、前記霜防止層と前記フィルムの前記第1の表面との間、前記フィルムの前記第1の表面のある領域上、または前記フィルムの前記第2の表面のある領域上に配置される、請求項9に記載の霜防止フィルムアセンブリ。
- 基材上で再配置可能である、請求項1に記載の霜防止フィルムアセンブリ。
- 前記フィルムの前記第2の表面のある領域上に配置された接着剤をさらに含んでおり、前記接着剤が前記アセンブリを基材上で再配置できるようにする、請求項1に記載の霜防止フィルムアセンブリ。
- 耐凝結物品(condensation−resistant article)であって、
第1の表面を有するほぼ透明な基材と、
請求項1に記載の霜防止フィルムアセンブリとを含んでおり、前記フィルムの前記第2の表面が前記基材の前記第1の表面のある領域上に配置される耐凝結物品。 - 前記霜防止フィルムアセンブリがグラフィックコンポーネントをさらに含む、請求項13に記載の物品。
- 冷蔵庫パネル、建物の窓、ウインドシールド(windshield)、反射表面(reflective surface)、器具表面、またはフェイスシールド(face shield)である、請求項13に記載の物品。
- 前記基材が冷蔵庫扉または冷蔵庫窓である、請求項15に記載の物品。
- 前記基材が鏡または輸送手段のウインドシールドである、請求項15に記載の物品。
- 前記霜防止フィルムと前記基材との間に設置溶液(installation solution)が適用されており、前記設置溶液が、約50vol%〜約70vol%の水と、約10vol%〜約40vol%のアルコールと、約2vol%〜約8vol%の湿潤性溶液と、約3vol%以下の塩とを含む、請求項13に記載の物品。
- 霜防止フィルムアセンブリを製造する方法であって、
ポリウレタンフィルム形成組成物から形成されたほぼ透明な霜防止層をフィルムの第1の表面に適用するステップと、
前記フィルムの第2の表面に接着剤を適用するステップとを含んでおり、
前記ほぼ透明な霜防止層が、−23℃と65℃との間を交互に繰り返す温度での霜防止特性を前記層に与えるのに有効である方法。 - 前記接着剤の片側にグラフィックコンポーネントを適用するステップをさらに含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記霜防止フィルムアセンブリを基材上に適用するステップをさらに含んでおり、前記接着剤が前記基材と接触している、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記霜防止フィルムと前記基材との間に設置溶液を適用するステップをさらに含んでおり、前記設置溶液が、約50vol%〜約70vol%の水と、約10vol%〜約40vol%のアルコールと、約2vol%〜約8vol%の湿潤性溶液と、約3vol%以下の塩とを含む、請求項19に記載の物品。
- 前記霜防止層を形成するステップをさらに含んでおり、前記霜防止層が、約1000rpm以下のファンスピードと、約1.5分以上の硬化時間とを使用して形成される、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記ファンスピードが750rpm以下であり、前記硬化時間が約1.75分以上であり、前記霜防止層が約1000μm以下の厚さを有する、請求項23に記載の方法。
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US11/241,629 US20070077399A1 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | Anti-fog film assemblies, method of manufacture, and articles made thereof |
US11/241,629 | 2005-09-30 | ||
US11/534,427 US20080187728A1 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-09-22 | Anti-frost film assemblies, method of manufacture, and articles made thereof |
US11/534,427 | 2006-09-22 | ||
PCT/US2006/038382 WO2007041466A1 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-09-27 | Anti-frost film assemblies, method of manufacture, and articles made thereof |
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- 2006-09-27 AU AU2006299618A patent/AU2006299618B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-09-27 NZ NZ566968A patent/NZ566968A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-09-27 CN CN2011100353207A patent/CN102173150B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-09-27 AT AT06825328T patent/ATE464343T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2006-10-02 TW TW95136606A patent/TWI414428B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NZ566968A (en) | 2010-08-27 |
EP1928942B1 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
KR20080065628A (ko) | 2008-07-14 |
EP2199323B1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
RU2372361C1 (ru) | 2009-11-10 |
WO2007041466A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
BRPI0617539A2 (pt) | 2011-07-26 |
TWI414428B (zh) | 2013-11-11 |
CN102173150B (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
EP2199323A1 (en) | 2010-06-23 |
TW200722280A (en) | 2007-06-16 |
ATE464343T1 (de) | 2010-04-15 |
MY154789A (en) | 2015-07-31 |
CA2624202A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
EP1928942A1 (en) | 2008-06-11 |
BRPI0617539A8 (pt) | 2016-11-08 |
JP5361385B2 (ja) | 2013-12-04 |
KR100989604B1 (ko) | 2010-10-26 |
DE602006013660D1 (de) | 2010-05-27 |
EP1928942B2 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
US20080187728A1 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
AU2006299618A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
CN102173150A (zh) | 2011-09-07 |
AU2006299618B2 (en) | 2010-12-16 |
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