JP2009062217A - 水素発生器及び燃料スティック - Google Patents
水素発生器及び燃料スティック Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009062217A JP2009062217A JP2007230486A JP2007230486A JP2009062217A JP 2009062217 A JP2009062217 A JP 2009062217A JP 2007230486 A JP2007230486 A JP 2007230486A JP 2007230486 A JP2007230486 A JP 2007230486A JP 2009062217 A JP2009062217 A JP 2009062217A
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 184
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 184
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- JBANFLSTOJPTFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;boron Chemical compound [B].N JBANFLSTOJPTFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical compound B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010082 LiAlH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 lithium aluminum hydride Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
- H01M8/04208—Cartridges, cryogenic media or cryogenic reservoirs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
- H01M8/04216—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes characterised by the choice for a specific material, e.g. carbon, hydride, absorbent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】水素発生器100は、化学反応によって水素を発生させる水素発生化合物(アンモニア・ボレイン210等)を有する燃料スティック200と、複数の上記燃料スティックを格納する外部ケース102と、上記燃料スティック200からの水素発生を制御するコントローラ108と、を備える。
【選択図】図1
Description
図1(A)は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る水素発生器100の外観を示す斜視図である。
このヒート・ミックス208は、上記発熱抵抗体206の周囲にヒート・ミックスの材料を圧力をかける等の方法で塗布することができる。
この反応は発熱反応であり、この反応熱によってアンモニア・ボレイン自身の温度が上昇して、第2段階の反応に進む。上記第1段階の反応で生成されるNH2BH2は、更に温度が上昇して約150℃で1分子の水素を発生する。その際の反応式は下記のとおりで、これが第2段階の水素発生反応である。
この反応も発熱反応で、理論的にはNHBHが第3段階の熱分解を行うことができる温度までNHBHの温度を上げるだけの熱を発生する。温度が約480℃を越えると、残ったNHBHは最後の1分子の水素を発生させる。その際の反応式は下記のとおりで、これが第3段階の水素発生反応である。
理論的には、この第3段階の反応も熱分解が完全に行われるための十分な熱を発生させる。
前述したように、上記水素発生口104の先には水素燃料電池が接続され、上記ストップ・バルブ106は開かれているものとする。
図3は、上記コントローラ108のブロック構成図であり、該コントローラ108は、マイクロコントローラ108A、不揮発メモリ108B、電流ドライバ108C、2次電池108D、及び充電回路108Eを有している。ここで、マイクロコントローラ108Aは、本水素発生器100全体の動作を制御するもので、CPU、メモリ、入出力ポート等の機能を一体的に有するワンチップマイコンによって構成される。不揮発メモリ108Bは、各燃料スティック200の使用状態を記録するもので、EEPROMやフラッシュメモリのように電気的に書き換え可能なメモリによって構成される。電流ドライバ108Cは、各燃料スティック200の温度を上げるために当該燃料スティック200の中心の発熱抵抗体206に電流を流すためのものである。2次電池108Dは、本コントローラ108に電源を供給するもので、リチウムイオン電池やニッケル水素電池によって構成される。なお、同図において、一点鎖線で囲まれた部分が、該2次電池108Dによって電源を供給される電子回路である。そして、充電回路108Eは、本水素発生器100が接続される水素燃料電池から供給される電力によって上記2次電池108Dを充電するものである。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態に係る水素発生器を説明する。
燃料スティック200の端子202に所定の電流が流れると、当該燃料スティック200の発熱抵抗体206が発熱し、ヒート・ミックス208が加熱され、アンモニア・ボレイン210が加熱されて水素が発生する。発生した水素は、燃料スティック200の断熱材212を通過した後に、内部ケース302の通気穴306を通ってカーボン・フィルタ304を通過した後に、水素発生口104に到達し、その先に接続された水素燃料電池に供給される。ここで、上記通気穴306を水素発生口104から遠い位置に配置しているので、発生した水素の温度はカーボン・フィルタ304を通過する間に十分下がり、そのまま水素燃料電池に供給しても問題のない温度とすることができる。
Claims (5)
- 化学反応によって水素を発生させる水素発生化合物を有する燃料スティックと、
複数の前記燃料スティックを格納する耐圧容器と、
前記燃料スティックからの水素発生を制御するコントローラと、
を具備することを特徴とする水素発生器。 - 前記燃料スティックは、
その中心に配置され、電流を流すことによって発熱する発熱抵抗体と、
前記発熱抵抗体の外側に配置され、前記発熱抵抗体によって発熱して前記水素発生化合物を加熱する発熱化合物と、
前記発熱化合物の外側に配置され、水素を発生する前記水素発生化合物と、
前記水素発生化合物の外側に配置され、水素を透過可能な多孔質の断熱材と、
を有し、
その外形形状が円柱形または六角柱形であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水素発生器。 - 前記耐圧容器は円柱形であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の水素発生器。
- 前記耐圧容器内の圧力を測定する圧力センサを更に具備し、
前記コントローラは、
前記圧力センサで測定した圧力値が所定の値以下に低下した場合に、新たな燃料スティックからの水素発生を起動するように制御する手段と、
それぞれの燃料スティックの使用状態を記録する不揮発性メモリと、
を有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れかに記載の水素発生器。 - 化学反応によって水素を発生させる水素発生化合物を有する燃料スティックであって、
その中心に配置され、電流を流すことによって発熱する発熱抵抗体と、
前記発熱抵抗体の外側に配置され、前記発熱抵抗体によって発熱して前記水素発生化合物を加熱する発熱化合物と、
前記発熱化合物の外側に配置され、水素を発生する前記水素発生化合物と、
前記水素発生化合物の外側に配置され、水素を透過可能な多孔質の断熱材と、
を有し、
その外形形状が円柱形または六角柱形であることを特徴とする燃料スティック。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007230486A JP5265158B2 (ja) | 2007-09-05 | 2007-09-05 | 水素発生器及び燃料スティック |
PCT/JP2008/065582 WO2009031475A1 (ja) | 2007-09-05 | 2008-08-29 | 水素発生器及び燃料スティック |
GB1003739.8A GB2465313B (en) | 2007-09-05 | 2008-08-29 | Hydrogen generator and fuel stick |
US12/717,584 US8137627B2 (en) | 2007-09-05 | 2010-03-04 | Hydrogen generator and fuel stick |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007230486A JP5265158B2 (ja) | 2007-09-05 | 2007-09-05 | 水素発生器及び燃料スティック |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2009062217A true JP2009062217A (ja) | 2009-03-26 |
JP2009062217A5 JP2009062217A5 (ja) | 2011-09-08 |
JP5265158B2 JP5265158B2 (ja) | 2013-08-14 |
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JP2007230486A Active JP5265158B2 (ja) | 2007-09-05 | 2007-09-05 | 水素発生器及び燃料スティック |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8137627B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5265158B2 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2465313B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009031475A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR101107634B1 (ko) * | 2009-07-07 | 2012-01-25 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 수소 공급 장치 및 방법, 이를 이용하는 수소 이용 장치 |
KR101107633B1 (ko) * | 2010-02-10 | 2012-01-25 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 수소 공급 탱크, 이를 이용하는 수소 공급 장치와 수소 공급 방법 및 수소 이용 장치 |
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WO2013063169A1 (en) | 2011-10-26 | 2013-05-02 | Eveready Battery Company, Inc. | Hydrogen generator |
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EP2827977A4 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2015-11-25 | Intelligent Energy Ltd | HYDROGEN-PRODUCING FUEL CARBOX AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN |
WO2014062286A1 (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-04-24 | Intelligent Energy, Inc. | Hydrogen gas generator |
WO2014065923A1 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2014-05-01 | Intelligent Energy, Inc. | Hydrogen generator |
US8877137B2 (en) | 2012-12-03 | 2014-11-04 | Intelligent Energy Inc. | Hydrogen generator |
NO2788577T3 (ja) * | 2014-08-01 | 2018-07-28 | ||
GB201421300D0 (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-01-14 | Cella Acquistion Ltd | Hydrogen generation method |
CN115259978A (zh) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-01 | 南京理工大学 | 一种核壳结构的聚多巴胺包覆三氢化铝复合物及其制备方法 |
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KR101107633B1 (ko) * | 2010-02-10 | 2012-01-25 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 수소 공급 탱크, 이를 이용하는 수소 공급 장치와 수소 공급 방법 및 수소 이용 장치 |
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US20100226829A1 (en) | 2010-09-09 |
WO2009031475A1 (ja) | 2009-03-12 |
US8137627B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 |
GB2465313A (en) | 2010-05-19 |
JP5265158B2 (ja) | 2013-08-14 |
GB2465313B (en) | 2012-08-29 |
GB201003739D0 (en) | 2010-04-21 |
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