JP2008546616A - 合成ガスの製造方法及び変換方法 - Google Patents
合成ガスの製造方法及び変換方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008546616A JP2008546616A JP2008516438A JP2008516438A JP2008546616A JP 2008546616 A JP2008546616 A JP 2008546616A JP 2008516438 A JP2008516438 A JP 2008516438A JP 2008516438 A JP2008516438 A JP 2008516438A JP 2008546616 A JP2008546616 A JP 2008546616A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 54
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 196
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 103
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- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 2
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- MVWDJLOUEUAWIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C=O.O=C=O Chemical compound O=C=O.O=C=O MVWDJLOUEUAWIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
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Abstract
【選択図】 図1
Description
Claims (16)
- 改質段階において、メタンを含む供給ガスを改質して、水素及び一酸化炭素を含む合成ガスを生成し、
フィッシャー・トロプシュ炭化水素合成段階において、前記水素及び前記一酸化炭素の一部をフィッシャー・トロプシュ製品に変換し、
前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ製品から、未反応の水素及び一酸化炭素、メタン並びに二酸化炭素を含むテールガスを分離し、
メタン改質触媒、水性ガスシフト触媒及び二酸化炭素吸着剤を含むコンビネーション型テールガス処理段階において、蒸気の存在下で前記テールガス中のメタンを改質することによってテールガスを処理して、水素及び二酸化炭素を生成すると共に、前記二酸化炭素の少なくとも一部を前記二酸化炭素吸着剤によって吸収又は吸着して、水素リッチガスを生成し、
随時、前記二酸化炭素吸着剤から前記二酸化炭素を脱着し、前記二酸化炭素を前記改質段階に供給する、合成ガスを製造及び変換するための方法。 - 少なくとも二つの前記コンビネーション型テールガス処理段階を含む請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記少なくとも二つのコンビネーション型テールガス処理段階のうち少なくとも一つが、水素リッチガスを生成すべくテールガスを処理するために用いられ、
前記少なくとも二つのコンビネーション型テールガス処理段階のうち他の少なくとも一つが、前記二酸化炭素吸着剤から二酸化炭素を脱着することによって前記改質段階に供給するための二酸化炭素を生成するために用いられる、方法。 - 前記メタン改質触媒、水性ガスシフト触媒及び二酸化炭素吸着剤が複合材料の形にある、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記複合材料が、触媒担体として働く多孔性セルに閉じ込められている二酸化炭素吸着剤コアを有する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記テールガスを処理して前記水素リッチガスを生成するとき、前記コンビネーション型テールガス処理段階が、少なくとも約350℃の温度且つ約650℃を超えない温度下で操作される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記二酸化炭素が、少なくとも約650℃の温度にあるストリッピングガスによって、前記二酸化炭素吸着剤から脱着され、又は取り外される、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ストリッピングガスは、改質器供給ガス又は部分的に改質された改質器供給ガスである、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 改質段階において、メタンを含む供給ガスを改質して、水素及び一酸化炭素を含む合成ガスを生成し、
フィッシャー・トロプシュ炭化水素合成段階において、前記水素及び前記一酸化炭素の一部をフィッシャー・トロプシュ製品に変換し、
前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ製品から、未反応の水素及び一酸化炭素、メタン並びに二酸化炭素を含むテールガスを分離し、
複合型テールガス処理段階において、蒸気の存在下で前記テールガス中のメタンを改質することによってテールガスを処理して、水素、二酸化炭素、一酸化炭素を含む改質されたテールガスを生成し、その後、前記改質されたテールガスから前記二酸化炭素を取り除いて、水素リッチストリーム及び二酸化炭素リッチストリームを生成し、
前記改質段階に前記二酸化炭素リッチストリームを供給する、合成ガスを製造及び変換するための方法。 - 前記改質段階が、ガス加熱型改質器又は熱交換改質器と、自己熱改質器とを含み、
前記自己熱改質器からの前記合成ガスが、前記ガス加熱型改質器の中で行われる前記改質反応に熱を提供するために用いられ、
前記コンビネーション型テールガス処理段階又は前記複合型テールガス処理段階からの二酸化炭素が前記自己熱改質器に供給される、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - ストリッピングガスが、前記吸着剤から二酸化炭素を脱着させるために用いられ、前記ストリッピングガスは、前記ガス加熱型改質器からの部分的に改質された供給ガスである、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記水素リッチガスの一部分が、前記改質段階からの前記合成ガスに加えられて、前記合成ガス中における水素と一酸化炭素のモル比を調整する、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記水素リッチガスの一部分が更に浄化されて、高純度水素ストリームを生成し、
前記高純度水素ストリームの少なくとも一部分を前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ炭化水素合成段階にリサイクルする、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記水素リッチガスの一部分が更に浄化されて、高純度水素ストリームを生成し、
前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ炭化水素合成段階から追放されるテールガスが、前記高純度水素ストリームの少なくとも一部分に混合されるか、前記水素リッチガスの少なくとも一部分に混合されて、メタノールの合成及び/又はジメチルエーテルの合成及び/又はフィッシャー・トロプシュ炭化水素の合成に適する合成ガスを生成する、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記水素リッチガスの一部分が更に浄化されて、高純度水素ストリームを生成し、
前記水素リッチストリーム及び/又は前記高純度水素ストリームが、空気分離ユニットからの窒素と共に用いられて、アンモニアを生成する、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記複合型テールガス処理段階が、水性ガスシフト反応を用いて、前記改質されたテールガスにおける一酸化炭素を変換して、水素及び二酸化炭素を生成し、
前記二酸化炭素リッチ蒸気は、前記改質段階に供給される前に圧縮される、請求項8に記載の方法。 - テールガス中の不飽和化合物が前記テールガス処理段階の上流で水素化される水素化段階を含む、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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