JP2008506119A - ビルジ・レベル検出用近接センサ - Google Patents
ビルジ・レベル検出用近接センサ Download PDFInfo
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- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/02—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions
- F04D15/0209—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions responsive to a condition of the working fluid
- F04D15/0218—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions responsive to a condition of the working fluid the condition being a liquid level or a lack of liquid supply
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- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
- F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/02—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions
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- G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
- G01F23/261—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields for discrete levels
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- G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
- G01F23/265—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors for discrete levels
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- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
- G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
- G01F23/266—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors measuring circuits therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
- G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
- G01F23/268—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors mounting arrangements of probes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
- G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0266—Marks, test patterns or identification means
- H05K1/0268—Marks, test patterns or identification means for electrical inspection or testing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/16—Printed circuits incorporating printed electric components, e.g. printed resistor, capacitor, inductor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/4913—Assembling to base an electrical component, e.g., capacitor, etc.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
- Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Control Of Non-Electrical Variables (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(発明の分野)
本発明は、流体の存在を検出するセンサ、流体レベルの検出に応答してポンプを駆動する自動システムおよび船のビルジ(bilge)・タンクの底に搭載されて、ビルジの流体レベルがビルジ・タンクの底から上方の予め設定された距離まで上昇したときに、ビルジ・ポンプを駆動するセンサに関する。
これまで、ポンプを駆動する電気回路を完成させる水銀又はポイント・コンタクトを備えた機械式フロート・スイッチによるか、あるいは手動でビルジ・ポンプを駆動するのが普通であった。圧力スイッチが使用されることもあった。これらの従来型のスイッチは、設置した初期には、正しく動作する。しかし、時間の経過とともに、ビルジ破片やその他の汚染源によって、機械部品が意図したように動かなくなり、スイッチの誤作動に結びつくことがある。更に、従来型のビルジ・ポンプ駆動スイッチは、船の寿命のうちに数回疲弊するのが普通で、船の底にあるので修理や交換のために近づくことも困難である。
本発明の流体レベル制御およびセンサ・システムは、液密な容器あるいはコンテナと、電極および配線パターンを備え、アーク状のパターンを有する電界を発生させて、電界効果の原理を利用して変化を感知する部品を搭載した回路基板とを含む。
図1−5に示された例示的実施の形態を参照すると、ビルジあるいは流体収容ベッセル10は、液密な壁あるいは表面18によって取り囲まれ、時にビルジ水又はその他の流体12を含む。ビルジ中の流体レベルが上がったり下がったりするので、流体レベル14は、図1の縦軸スケールで示したように選ばれた寸法幅において測定可能である。流体レベルが上がったり下がったりするにつれて、流体/空気界面16は、流体レベル・スケール14に沿って観測又は測定される。典型的な海洋用途において、ビルジ10は、廃水や船体やデッキを通って漏れてくる海水などの流体12を含み、ビルジ流体レベル16が過度に高いとき(例えば、選ばれた上方あるいはトリガ・レベル16Hで)、流体12は、過度に高い流体レベル16Hが検出されたときに選択的に励起される通常電気的に駆動されるポンプ(図示されていない)によってポンプ排出しなければならない。流体レベルは、ポンプ排出の進行中にも感知されて、流体12のレベルが十分低くなったとき(例えば、選ばれた下方又はターン・オフ・レベル16Lで)、ポンプがターン・オフされる。
Claims (30)
- 移動する流体レベルを検出し被制御装置を駆動できる流体レベル・センサ装置であって、
第1および第2の対向する表面を有する実質的に均一な厚さの液密な障壁であって、前記第1障壁表面が流体に露出している液密な障壁と、
第1および第2の対向する表面を有する実質的に均一な厚さの誘電体基板であって、前記基板が前記障壁第2表面に近接している誘電体基板と、
基板に閉じた連続的な幾何学形状に配置され、流体が前記障壁に接触することによって実質的に覆われる領域を有する第1の薄い導電性電極パッドと、
基板に、前記第1の電極パッドに対して間隔を置いて同一面内で実質的に取り囲むように配置された第2の薄い導電性電極と、
基板に前記第1および第2の電極に近接して配置され、前記第1および第2の電極に電気的に接続されて、流体が前記障壁に接触することによって被制御装置を駆動する能動電気部品と、
を含む前記流体レベル・センサ装置。 - 請求項1記載の流体レベル・センサ装置であって、更に、
液密な容器は、前記液密な障壁に近接したキャビティを取り囲んでおり、前記基板は、前記キャビティ内部に密封されている流体レベル・センサ装置。 - 請求項2記載の流体レベル・センサ装置であって、前記基板は、前記容器キャビティ内部にオーバー・モールドされている流体レベル・センサ装置。
- 請求項3記載の流体レベル・センサ装置であって、前記電界は、前記第2の電極から発して、前記第1の電極に終端するアーク状の経路を有する流体レベル・センサ装置。
- 請求項4記載の流体レベル・センサ装置であって、前記流体レベル・センサは、前記流体レベル・センサの状態を示す検出信号を発生する流体レベル・センサ装置。
- 請求項5記載の流体レベル・センサ装置であって、前記検出信号のレベルは、前記流体レベルが前記障壁第1表面に接触し、前記基板に接近するときに変化する流体レベル・センサ装置。
- 請求項1記載の流体レベル・センサ装置であって、前記基板は、ガラスである流体レベル・センサ装置。
- 請求項1記載の流体レベル・センサ装置であって、前記基板は、樹脂である流体レベル・センサ装置。
- 請求項1記載の流体レベル・センサ装置であって、前記基板は、グラスファイバで強化されたエポキシ樹脂を含む流体レベル・センサ装置。
- 請求項1記載の流体レベル・センサ装置であって、チャネルが前記第1と第2の電極の間に位置し、前記チャネルは、一般に均一な幅を有する流体レベル・センサ装置。
- 請求項1記載の流体レベル・センサ装置であって、複数の前記流体レベル・センサ電極が前記基板の前記第1の表面に配置されている流体レベル・センサ装置。
- 請求項1記載の流体レベル・センサ装置であって、複数の前記流体レベル・センサ電極が前記基板に配置され、縦方向のアレイ状に配置されている流体レベル・センサ装置。
- 流体との接触を検出し、被制御装置を駆動できる低インピーダンスの流体レベル・センサ装置であって、
誘電体キャリアと、
前記キャリアに、流体の接触領域によって実質的に覆われる領域を有する閉じた連続的な幾何学形状に配置された第1の薄い導電性電極パッドと、
前記キャリアに、前記第1の電極に対して間隔を置いて実質的に取り囲むように配置された第2の薄い導電性電極と、
前記キャリアに、前記第1および第2の電極に近接して配置され、前記第1および第2の電極に電気的に接続された能動電気部品と、
第1および第2の対向する表面を有する誘電体基板であって、前記誘電体キャリアは、前記誘電体基板の前記第1の表面に配置されて、流体が前記基板に接触することによって被制御装置を駆動する誘電体基板と、
を含む前記流体レベル・センサ装置。 - 請求項13記載の装置であって、前記基板の前記第1の表面は、流体が接触しない表面であり、前記基板の前記第2の表面は、流体が接触する表面である装置。
- 流体の接触を検出し、被制御装置を駆動できる低インピーダンスの流体近接センサ装置であって、
第1および第2の対向する表面を有する誘電体基板と、
前記基板に、流体の接触領域によって実質的に覆われる領域を有する閉じた連続的な幾何学形状に配置された第1の薄い導電性電極パッドと、
前記基板に、前記第1の電極パッドに対して間隔を置いて同一平面で実質的に取り囲むように配置された第2の薄い導電性電極と、
前記基板の前記第1の表面に、前記第1および第2の電極に近接して配置され、前記第1および第2の電極に電気的に接続されて、流体が前記基板と接触することによって被制御装置を駆動する能動電気部品と、
を含む前記流体近接センサ装置。 - 請求項15記載の流体近接センサ装置であって、前記能動装置は、発振器信号で前記電極を励起するように構成されたASICである流体近接センサ装置。
- 請求項16記載の流体近接センサ装置であって、更に、前記基板に配置され、前記ASICと第1および第2の電極の一方との間に電気的に接続された少なくとも1つの利得チューニング抵抗を含む流体近接センサ装置。
- 請求項17記載の流体近接センサ装置であって、複数の前記流体近接センサは、前記基板に配置されている流体近接センサ装置。
- 請求項17記載の流体近接センサ装置であって、前記流体近接センサASICは、上昇する流体レベルに応答して検出信号を発生する流体近接センサ装置。
- 流体の接触を検出し、被制御装置を駆動できる複数の流体感知パッドであって、各流体感知パッドは、
誘電体キャリアと、
周囲端部を有し、前記キャリアに、流体の接触領域によって実質的に覆われる領域を有する閉じた連続的な幾何学形状に配置された第1の薄い導電性電極パッドと、
前記キャリアに、前記第1の電極に対して間隔を置いて配置された第2の薄い導電性電極であって、前記第2の電極は、隣接する流体感知パッドを有する周辺端部で前記第1の電極を取り囲む第2の薄い導電性電極と、
第1および第2の対向する表面を有する誘電体基板であって、前記キャリアは、前記基板の前記第1の表面に配置され、それによって流体が前記基板に接触することによって被制御装置を駆動する誘電体基板と、
を含んでいる複数の流体感知パッド。 - 移動する流体を検出し、流体の存在が検出された信号を発生するか、あるいは被制御装置を駆動できる流体近接センサであって、前記流体近接センサ装置は、
第1および第2の対向する表面を有し、実質的に均一な厚さの液密な誘電体基板と、
前記基板の前記第1の表面に、流体が前記基板第2表面に接触することによって実質的に覆われる領域を有する閉じた連続的な幾何学形状に配置された第1の薄い導電性電極パッドと、
前記基板の前記第1の表面に、前記第1の電極パッドに対して間隔を置いて同一平面で実質的に取り囲むように配置された第2の薄い導電性電極と、
前記基板に、前記第1および第2の電極に近接して配置され、前記第1および第2の電極に電気的に接続されて、流体が前記基板第2表面に接触することによって被制御装置を駆動する能動電気部品と、
を含む前記流体近接センサ。 - 請求項21記載の流体近接センサであって、前記基板の前記第1の表面に配置された前記第1の薄い導電性電極パッドは、前記第2の導電性電極の領域と実質的に等しい面積の領域を有する平衡パッド電極を含む流体近接センサ。
- 請求項22記載の流体近接センサであって、前記平衡パッド電極は、一端を他の導電性トレースに接続され、非導電性の誘電体材料のセグメントによって分離された複数の導電性トレースを有する実質的に平坦な電極を含む流体近接センサ。
- 請求項23記載の流体近接センサであって、前記平衡パッド電極は、実質的に矩形の導電性周辺を有する流体近接センサ。
- 請求項23記載の流体近接センサであって、更に、前記基板に、前記第2の電極を取り囲んで配置された実質的に平坦な導電性アース・リングを含む流体近接センサ。
- ビルジ・ポンプを動作させる方法であって、
a)ビルジ内部に、その中に少なくとも1つの電界効果センサを有する密封された容器を配置する工程と、
b)センサによって電磁場を発生させる工程と、
c)電磁場の変化を検出することによって、近接した流体の存在を感知する工程と、
を含む方法。 - 請求項26記載の方法であって、更に、
d)流体が検出されたときに、ビルジ・ポンプを動作させる工程、
を含む方法。 - 請求項27記載の方法であって、更に、
e)流体が最早検出されないときに、ビルジ・ポンプの動作を停止させる工程、
を含む方法。 - 請求項27記載の方法であって、更に、
e)流体レベルが選ばれた下側レベルにあると判断されたときに、ビルジ・ポンプの動作を停止させる工程、
を含む方法。 - 請求項26記載の方法であって、更に、
d)タイマをスタートさせて、流体が存在する時間長を測定する工程であって、感知された状態が流体の脈動によるものでないことを示す時間長だけ流体が存在する場合には、
e)ビルジ・ポンプを動作させる工程、
を含む方法。
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CN (1) | CN101014838A (ja) |
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CA2573083A1 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
WO2006017161A8 (en) | 2006-04-20 |
US20080250857A1 (en) | 2008-10-16 |
KR20070035070A (ko) | 2007-03-29 |
KR101292877B1 (ko) | 2013-08-02 |
WO2006017161A1 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
US20120006111A1 (en) | 2012-01-12 |
US20150037170A1 (en) | 2015-02-05 |
EP1766343B1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
US8291761B2 (en) | 2012-10-23 |
CN101014838A (zh) | 2007-08-08 |
KR101217338B1 (ko) | 2012-12-31 |
AU2005271971B2 (en) | 2011-11-17 |
US8024967B2 (en) | 2011-09-27 |
MX2007000358A (es) | 2007-03-27 |
EP1766343A1 (en) | 2007-03-28 |
US7373817B2 (en) | 2008-05-20 |
US8844351B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
BRPI0513175A (pt) | 2008-04-29 |
US20080095637A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
US9441624B2 (en) | 2016-09-13 |
US20110146399A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
KR20120052409A (ko) | 2012-05-23 |
AU2005271971A1 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
US20060005622A1 (en) | 2006-01-12 |
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