JP2008082182A - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compressor which secures in a refrigerating cycle, a lubricating oil amount required for reliability and durability during high-speed rotation of the compressor without deteriorating cooling performance by keeping an appropriate OCR (the lubricating oil amount delivered in the refrigerating cycle) according to the rotational speed of the compressor, and also has large degree of freedom in layout and deals with high-speed rotation even though the position and directivity of the gas refrigerant delivery port of a separation chamber are restricted, in view of the structure of the existing compressor. <P>SOLUTION: A communication passage 20 is formed between a high pressure chamber 14 and a separation chamber 15, the position of a communication passage inlet part 20a is arranged higher than the position of the high pressure chamber 14 in a compressor mounting vertical direction, and the positions of the gas refrigerant delivery port 26 and an introducing hole 19 are made to approach. Thereby, the lubricating oil amount delivered in the refrigerating cycle can be adjusted without causing a lowering in separation performance even though the position and directivity of the gas refrigerant delivery port 26 are restricted. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a compressor that compresses a fluid, and particularly to a compressor that is used in an air conditioner for automobiles.

  Conventionally, in this type of compressor, a part of the lubricating oil of the compressor is discharged into the refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner along with the compressed gas fluid (hereinafter referred to as a gas refrigerant) and lubrication mixed in the gas refrigerant. Oil is used to lubricate the sliding parts of compressors such as vanes and rotors, but if the amount of lubricating oil discharged from the compressor during the refrigeration cycle increases, the system efficiency will decrease, so compression The machine body is provided with a separation chamber for separating the lubricating oil from the gas refrigerant in the vertical direction, and an oil storage chamber for storing the separated lubricating oil is formed on the lower side of the separation chamber so that the amount of lubricating oil discharged into the refrigeration cycle ( In the following, one that reduces as much as possible (referred to as OCR) has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, the gas refrigerant discharge port has a configuration in which the separation chamber of the gas refrigerant discharge port is inclined depending on the mounting position on the engine and the workability of the connecting piping, and the introduction hole position of the separation chamber is located below the high pressure chamber accordingly. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).

4 and 5 show a conventional compressor described in Patent Document 2, and a high-pressure chamber 114 into which a gas refrigerant compressed by a compression mechanism is discharged, and a separation chamber 115 having a cylindrical portion to be swung. An introduction hole 119 that communicates the separation chamber 115 and the high-pressure chamber 114, an oil guide passage 126 that sends the separated lubricating oil to the oil storage chamber 116, an oil storage chamber 129, and an opening that communicates the separation chamber 115 and the oil storage chamber 129. 123 and a gas refrigerant outlet 125.
JP 2003-90286 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-30278

  However, in the above-described conventional configuration, when the position of the introduction hole from the partition wall at the boundary between the high pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber is separated and arranged at a high position in the vertical direction, the high pressure chamber has a structure like a tank. Therefore, the lubricating oil from which the high-pressure gas refrigerant collided and separated in the high-pressure chamber is accumulated in that portion. The accumulated lubricating oil stays in the high-pressure chamber due to the rotational speed of the compressor, that is, when the flow rate of the high-pressure gas refrigerant is slow, but is discharged to the separation chamber when it is fast. It also varies depending on the positional relationship between the introduction hole and the gas refrigerant outlet. In short, the closer to the gas discharge port, the more the lubricating oil in the refrigerant gas is discharged in the refrigeration cycle without being separated in the separation chamber, and the OCR during the cycle becomes higher.

  Further, the amount of lubricating oil (OCR) discharged during the cycle also changes depending on the depth of the tank portion in the high pressure chamber (position of the partition wall and the introduction hole) or the distance between the introduction hole and the gas discharge port.

  Therefore, there is no problem as long as the OCR is an appropriate value, but there is a problem that if the OCR value becomes lower due to the rotation speed of the compressor, performance and reliability are affected.

  In recent years, compressors have been required to be small, light, and highly efficient, and one of them is to increase the allowable rotational speed of the compressor to increase the capacity. Then, in the conventional configuration, if the allowable rotational speed of the compressor becomes higher, the amount of lubricating oil in the refrigeration cycle becomes slightly smaller, so the amount of lubricating oil in the refrigeration cycle is necessary for lubrication when the compressor rotates at high speed. It will be necessary to secure the quantity.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the conventional problems, and provides a product with high merchantability by optimizing the amount of lubrication in the refrigeration cycle, small size, light weight, high efficiency, high quality, high durability.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the compressor of the present invention communicates a high-pressure chamber and a separation chamber from a high position in the vertical direction of the high-pressure chamber in a state where the compressor is attached to the separation chamber through a communication path, and rotates the compressor. According to the number, the high pressure chamber is structured such that the lubricating oil accumulated in the high pressure chamber is discharged into the separation chamber.

  As a result, even if the position of the gas refrigerant discharge port is inclined from the vertical direction of the compressor depending on the position of the compressor mounted on the engine and the workability of the connecting piping, the communication path is provided at a high position in the high pressure chamber. And even if it is higher than the gas refrigerant discharge port, it does not depend on the operating condition, and more lubricating oil circulates during the refrigeration cycle, which is necessary for lubrication of sliding parts such as vanes and rotors. Lubricating oil can be supplied.

  In addition, since the communication passage has an inlet at a high position in the high-pressure chamber and the introduction hole of the separation chamber is separated from the high-pressure chamber by the communication passage, the refrigerant gas does not directly enter the oil guide passage, It is also possible to prevent fine bubbles from being included in the lubricating oil accumulated in the chamber.

  The compressor of the present invention increases the degree of freedom in design without being restricted by the mounting position of the discharge pipe and the direction of the pipe, and can maintain the OCR in the refrigeration cycle properly, and the reliability and durability of the compressor. Can be secured. In addition, it is possible to respond to the demands of recent compressors, and the compressor can be rotated at a high speed.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the lubricating oil separated from the gas refrigerant accumulated in the high-pressure chamber is not discharged all at once due to the communication with the separation chamber from a high position in the vertical direction of the high-pressure chamber. The discharge amount changes, and the discharge amount increases as the flow rate increases. Therefore, the higher the rotational speed of the compressor, the higher the OCR in the refrigeration cycle, so that high speed reliability and high speed durability can be improved. In addition, since the degree of freedom of the piping position is widened, the degree of freedom of design is increased.

  In the second invention, in addition to the first invention, the OCR value in the refrigeration cycle according to the rotation speed of the compressor is obtained by devising the shape of the high-pressure chamber and the flow until the gas refrigerant is discharged into the separation chamber. It becomes possible to adjust.

  The third invention is the first invention by setting the position to the gas discharge port and the introduction hole center to 20 to 25 mm, and the position to the partition wall and the introduction hole center at the boundary between the high pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber to 20 to 40 mm. The matters that are the effects of the second invention can be made more appropriate.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
1 to 3 show a compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, in this compressor, a substantially cylindrical rotor 2 is rotatably accommodated in a cylinder 1 having a cylindrical inner wall so that a part of the outer periphery forms a minute gap with the inner wall of the cylinder 1. . The rotor 2 is provided with a plurality of vane slots 3 at equal intervals, and the vanes 4 are slidably inserted into the vane slots 3. The rotor 2 rotates when the drive shaft 5 formed integrally therewith is driven to rotate.

  The opening portions at both ends of the cylinder 1 are respectively closed by the front side plate 6 and the rear side plate 7, and the working chamber 8 is formed inside the cylinder 1. A suction port 9 and a discharge port 10 communicate with the working chamber 8, the discharge port 10 is connected to a high pressure passage 12, and a discharge valve 11 is disposed between the discharge port 10 and the high pressure passage 12. . A high pressure case 13 is attached to the rear side plate 7, and the high pressure chamber 14 and the oil storage chamber 16 in the high pressure case 13 are partitioned by a partition wall 17, and these are separated between the separation chamber 15 and the oil storage chamber 16. An oil guide path 18 that communicates with each other and guides the lubricating oil separated in the separation chamber 15 to the oil storage chamber 16 is formed. A communication passage 20 is formed between the high-pressure chamber 14 and the separation chamber 15, the inlet portion 20 a of the communication passage 20 is disposed at a position higher than the gas refrigerant discharge port 26 of the separation chamber 15, and the outlet portion of the communication passage 20 is The introduction hole 19 communicates with the separation chamber 15. The separation chamber 15 is provided to separate the lubricating oil contained in the compressed high-pressure fluid and separates a part of the lubricating oil mixed in the fluid by swirling, and the separated lubricating oil passes through the oil guide path 18. It is stored in the street oil storage chamber 16. Further, the high-pressure fluid containing the lubricating oil that has not been separated is discharged from the gas refrigerant discharge port 26 into the refrigeration cycle (not shown).

  Lubricating oil is supplied from the oil storage chamber 16 through a nozzle 22 that is an opening on the oil storage chamber 16 side of the oil supply path, and is supplied via an oil supply passage 23 that supplies the compression mechanism with lubricating oil. A vane back pressure adjusting device 24 is provided. The vane back pressure adjusting device 24 controls the oil supply pressure and the amount of oil supplied to the compression mechanism according to the gas refrigerant pressure around the compression mechanism.

  The lubricating oil supplied to the vane back pressure chamber 25 functions to push the vane 4 to the outside of the rotor 2 due to the high pressure. Lubricating oil is supplied to the rotor 2, the vane 4, the inner wall of the cylinder 1 and the like constituting the compression mechanism via the oil supply passage 23 and enters the sliding portion and the minute gap to lubricate each portion.

  About the compressor comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below. In FIG. 2, when power is transmitted from a driving source such as an engine and the drive shaft 5 and the rotor 2 rotate in the clockwise direction, the low-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the working chamber 8 from the suction port 9. The high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed with the rotation of the rotor 2 pushes up the discharge valve 11 from the discharge port 10 and is discharged into the high-pressure passage 12 and flows into the high-pressure chamber 14. Lubricating oil is mixed in the high-pressure gas refrigerant, and a part of the lubricating oil collides with the wall in the high-pressure chamber or the vane back pressure adjusting device 24 and is separated, and the high-pressure chamber 14 has a tank structure. The state is accumulated in the chamber 14.

  Next, the high pressure gas refrigerant passes through the communication portion 20 and flows into the separation chamber 15 from the introduction hole 19, and the lubricating oil mixed in the high pressure gas refrigerant is further separated in the separation chamber 15. The separation chamber 15 has a structure referred to as a so-called centrifugal oil separator, and is configured by a cylindrical space. An introduction hole 19 for introducing a gas refrigerant into the separation chamber 15 is a gas in the cylindrical space. It is formed so as to guide the high-pressure gas refrigerant in the tangential direction of the cylindrical space so that the refrigerant turns more smoothly.

  Accordingly, the introduced high-pressure gas refrigerant is separated from the lubricating oil while swirling in the cylindrical space, and is discharged toward the refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner from the discharge port 26 opened at the upper end of the separation chamber 15. The separated lubricating oil moves downward along the inner peripheral surface of the oil guide path 18 and is stored in the oil storage chamber 16.

  By the way, in this embodiment, the communication path 20 forms the communication path 20 between the high pressure chamber 14 and the separation chamber 15 as shown in FIG. 3, and the inlet portion 20 a of the communication path is a compressor of the high pressure chamber 14. It is arranged vertically upward in the mounted state.

Further, the outlet portion becomes an introduction hole 19 and communicates with the separation chamber 15. And the gas refrigerant discharge port 26 in the upper part of the separation chamber 15 is arranged at a position higher than the introduction hole for convenience of piping installation.

  Further, the positional relationship between the gas refrigerant discharge port 26 and the introduction hole 19 is such that the center position of the introduction hole 19 and the gas refrigerant discharge port 26 are approximately 12 mm close to each other. Therefore, the distance between the high-pressure chamber 14 and the partition wall 17 is arranged at a position as high as 50 mm. As a result, when the rotation speed of the compressor is low, the lubricating oil accumulated in the high pressure chamber 14 is in a state accumulated in the high pressure chamber.

  However, when the compressor rotates at high speed, the lubricating oil accumulated in the high-pressure chamber 14 is discharged into the separation chamber because the flow rate of the high-pressure gas refrigerant is increased, and the OCR of the system is increased. Accordingly, it is possible to supply lubricating oil necessary for lubricating sliding portions such as vanes and rotors, and to improve the reliability and durability of the compressor.

  Thus, in a compressor having a separation chamber for separating lubricating oil, even if the position and direction of the gas refrigerant outlet 26 of the separation chamber 15 are restricted, the refrigeration cycle does not cause a decrease in separation performance during low-speed operation. The cooling oil in the refrigeration cycle is increased because less lubricating oil circulates in the interior, and the lubricating oil that circulates in the refrigeration cycle increases during high-speed operation, and the lubricating oil necessary for lubricating sliding parts such as vanes and rotors is increased. Since it can be supplied, the reliability and durability of the compressor can be improved, and it is possible to cope with the recent increase in the speed of the compressor.

  The compressor of the present invention reduces the amount of oil circulation in the refrigeration cycle and reduces the cooling performance of the refrigeration cycle without reducing the separation performance during low speed operation even if the position and directionality of the outlet of the separation chamber are restricted. During high-speed operation, the lubricating oil can be circulated appropriately during the refrigeration cycle, and the lubricating oil necessary for lubricating sliding parts such as vanes and rotors can be supplied. Since reliability and durability can be secured and high speed can be realized, it is useful for compressors such as automobile air conditioners and other various compressors.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the compressor of the 1st Embodiment of this invention BB arrow sectional view of FIG. CC sectional view of FIG. Vertical section of a conventional compressor AA arrow sectional view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

Reference Signs List 1 cylinder 2 rotor 3 vane slot 4 vane 5 drive shaft 6 front side plate 7 rear side plate 8 working chamber 10 discharge port 11 discharge valve 12 high pressure passage 13 high pressure chamber case 14 high pressure chamber 15 separation chamber 16 oil storage chamber 17 partition wall 18 oil guide passage DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 19 Introduction hole 20 Communication part 20a Communication part entrance 22 Nozzle 23 Oil supply path 24 Vane back pressure regulator 25 Vane back pressure chamber 26 Gas refrigerant discharge port

Claims (3)

A compression mechanism for compressing a fluid containing lubricating oil; a high-pressure chamber for discharging the fluid compressed by the compression mechanism; a separation chamber for separating the fluid; and a lubrication separated from the fluid in the separation chamber. An oil storage chamber for storing oil; a compression mechanism having a suction port for sucking fluid; and a gas discharge port for discharging fluid; the high pressure chamber and the separation chamber communicate with each other through an introduction hole; and the oil storage chamber and the separation chamber Is a compressor communicating with an oil discharge hole, wherein the high pressure chamber and the separation chamber are communicated with the separation chamber from a high position in the vertical direction of the high pressure chamber through a communication path. 2. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure chamber is configured such that lubricating oil accumulated in the high-pressure chamber is discharged into the separation chamber in accordance with a rotation speed of the compressor. The position from the gas introduction port to the introduction hole center is 20 to 25 mm, and the distance from the introduction hole center to the partition wall at the boundary between the oil storage chamber and the high pressure chamber is 20 to 40 mm. Compressor.

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