JP2012017688A - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress an excessive rise of a discharge temperature as the amount of lubricating oil contained in a refrigerant in a system cycle decreases rapidly, preventing the reliability of a compressor from lowering.SOLUTION: The compressor has a constitution including a communication passage 59 which allows an air flow body to move between an oil storage chamber 52 and a high-pressure chamber 14, and a valve 60 which opens and closes the communication passage by the vibration of the compressor. As a result, when the rotating speed of the compressor rises and the vibration value of an engine to which the compressor is installed increases, the valve 60 is opened by the vibration, a part of a discharge flow enters from the high-pressure chamber to the oil storage chamber, a lubricating oil surface collected in the oil storage chamber gets turbulent, and a part thereof is discharged in the system cycle. Therefore, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant which has been insufficient in the system cycle becomes the proper quantity, so that the discharge temperature decreases and the compressor reliability can be secured.

Description

  The present invention relates to a compressor that compresses gas fluid, and relates to a compressor such as an air conditioner for an automobile.

  Conventionally, this type of compressor discharges part of the lubricating oil that lubricates the compression mechanism together with the compressed gas fluid from the compressor into the system cycle of the air conditioner. As the amount of lubricating oil discharged from the compressor together with the gas fluid increases during the system cycle, the system efficiency of the air conditioner decreases.

  Therefore, in the conventional compressor, in order to suppress the discharge of the lubricating oil during the system cycle of the air conditioner and improve the system efficiency of the air conditioner, the lubricating oil is supplied from the compressed fluid to the discharge side of the compression mechanism. A separation chamber for separation is provided. An oil storage chamber for storing the separated lubricating oil is formed below the separation chamber (direction of gravity), and a discharge hole for discharging the lubricating oil separated in the separation chamber to the oil storage chamber is formed in the separation chamber. Also, a collision wall was formed to suppress the oil surface that the lubricant blown from the opening of the discharge hole hit the lubricant surface accumulated in the oil storage chamber and fluctuated and accumulated in the oil storage chamber from the supply port in the oil storage chamber. Lubricating oil is supplied to the lubricating part of the compressor (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 11-82352 A

  By the way, in the compressor described in Patent Document 1, as the compressor rotates at a higher speed, the swirling flow of the air-fluid in the separation chamber becomes faster, the separation efficiency of the lubricating oil is improved, and the lubrication contained in the refrigerant in the system cycle. Reduces oil volume and improves system efficiency. However, when the amount of lubricating oil discharged into the system cycle is too small, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant is reduced, and the oil circulation rate (OCR) during the system cycle is deteriorated. When the OCR deteriorates, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the discharge gas decreases and the endothermic action decreases, so that the temperature of the discharge gas apparently increases. As a result, the compression mechanism is burned in, and the reliability and durability of the compressor are deteriorated.

  Therefore, in view of the above-described conventional problems, the present invention prevents the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the system cycle of the air conditioner from decreasing at a high speed and excessively increasing the discharge temperature, and does not decrease the reliability of the compressor. An object of the present invention is to provide such a compressor.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the compressor according to the present invention, there are provided a communication passage that allows gas-fluid movement between the oil storage chamber and the high-pressure chamber, and an on-off valve that opens and closes due to the vibration of the compressor. The configuration is provided.

With such a configuration, when the rotation speed of the compressor increases and the vibration value of the engine to which the compressor is attached increases, the on-off valve is opened by vibration. At that time, due to the difference in static pressure between the high pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber, a part of the discharge flow of the compressor flows from the high pressure chamber into the oil storage chamber through the communication passage. The surface of the lubricating oil accumulated in the oil storage chamber is disturbed and undulated by the discharge flow flowing into the oil storage chamber, so a part of the lubricating oil is ejected from the connection port connecting the oil storage chamber and the separation chamber, and the ejected lubricating oil is separated. Lubricating oil will be discharged from the chamber to the gas outlet and into the system cycle. Therefore, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant during the system cycle will increase, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant that was lacking during the system cycle will be appropriate, the discharge temperature will fall, and the compressor reliability will be ensured I can do it.

  The compressor of the present invention is provided with a communication passage that communicates the high pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber, and allows a part of the discharge flow to flow from the high pressure chamber to the oil storage chamber, so that the lubricating portion of the compressor can be used at high speed rotation of the compressor Insufficient lubrication can be resolved and reliability can be improved. Also, when the compressor speed is low, the system efficiency can be increased and the cooling performance can be improved.

Cross section of the compressor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Sectional drawing of the working chamber AA of the compressor shown in FIG. Sectional drawing which looked at the high pressure case in Embodiment 1 from the working chamber side

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, a compression mechanism for compressing a gas fluid containing lubricating oil, a high-pressure chamber to which the gas fluid compressed by the compression mechanism is guided, and at least a part of the lubricating oil contained in the gas fluid are separated. A compressor that includes a separation chamber and an oil storage chamber in which lubricating oil separated from the gas fluid in the separation chamber is stored, and a communication passage that communicates the oil storage chamber and the high-pressure chamber; A floating on-off valve provided on the chamber side for opening and closing the communication passage and a valve pressing plate for restraining the on-off valve with play are provided. As a result, when the rotational speed of the compressor increases and the vibration value of the engine to which the compressor is attached increases, the on-off valve vibrates and opens. At that time, due to the difference in static pressure between the high pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber, a part of the discharge flow of the compressor flows from the high pressure chamber into the oil storage chamber through the communication passage. The surface of the lubricating oil accumulated in the oil storage chamber is disturbed and waved by the discharge flow flowing into the oil storage chamber, so a part of the lubricating oil is ejected from the connection port connecting the oil storage chamber and the separation chamber, and the ejected lubricating oil is separated. Lubricating oil will be discharged from the chamber to the gas outlet and into the system cycle. Therefore, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant during the system cycle will increase, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant that was lacking during the system cycle will be appropriate, the discharge temperature will fall, and the compressor reliability will be ensured I can do it. Therefore, by changing the set rotational speed at which the on-off valve opens, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the system cycle of the air conditioner is controlled to ensure the reliability of the compressor and control the system efficiency of the air conditioner to the optimum value. The compressor which can be provided can be provided.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, an on-off valve is set so that the valve is opened when the rotational speed of the rotor of the compressor is equal to or higher than a predetermined rotational speed, and is closed when the rotational speed is equal to or lower than the predetermined rotational speed. It is possible to provide a compressor capable of controlling the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the system cycle, ensuring the reliability of the compressor, and controlling the system efficiency of the air conditioner to an optimum value.

  The compressor of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
1 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the working chamber, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a high-pressure case viewed from the working chamber side of the compressor.

As shown in the figure, in this compressor, a substantially cylindrical rotor 2 is rotatably accommodated in a cylinder 1 having a cylindrical inner wall so that a part of the outer periphery forms a minute gap with the inner wall of the cylinder 1. Yes. A plurality of vane slots 3 are provided at equal intervals in the rotor 2, and vanes 4 are slidably inserted into the vane slots 3. The rotor 2 rotates when a drive shaft 5 formed integrally therewith is driven to rotate.

  The opening portions at both ends of the cylinder 1 are respectively closed by the front side plate 6 and the rear side plate 7, and the working chamber 8 is formed inside the cylinder 1. A suction port 9 and a discharge port 10 communicate with the working chamber 8, the discharge port 10 is connected to a high-pressure passage 13, and a discharge valve 11 is disposed between the discharge port 10 and the high-pressure passage 13. A high pressure case 12 is attached to the rear side plate 7, and a high pressure chamber 14, a separation chamber 51, and an oil storage chamber 52 are formed in the high pressure case 12. The high pressure chamber 14 communicates with the separation chamber 51 through the introduction hole 53. The separation chamber 51 is provided to separate the lubricating oil contained in the compressed high-pressure fluid. The separation chamber 51 communicates with the oil storage chamber 52 via the oil guide passage 50.

  Lubricating oil stored in the oil storage chamber 52 is supplied to the rotor 2, the vane 4, the inner wall of the cylinder 1 and the like constituting the compression mechanism via the oil supply passage 18, lubricates each part, and is supplied to the vane back pressure chamber 17. The pressure serves to push out the vane 4 to the outside of the rotor 2. Lubricating oil is supplied from an oil storage chamber 52 via an oil supply passage 18 that supplies the lubricating oil to the compression mechanism, and a vane back pressure applying device 16 is provided in the middle of the oil supply passage 18. The vane back pressure applying device 16 controls the oil supply pressure and the amount of oil supplied to the compression mechanism according to the fluid (refrigerant) pressure around the compression mechanism.

  When power is transmitted from a driving source such as an engine and the drive shaft 5 and the rotor 2 rotate clockwise in FIG. 2, a low-pressure fluid (refrigerant) flows into the working chamber 8 from the suction port 9. The high pressure fluid compressed along with the rotation of the rotor 2 pushes up the discharge valve 11 from the discharge port 10 and is discharged into the high pressure passage 13 and flows into the high pressure chamber 14. Further, the high pressure fluid flows into the separation chamber 51 from the introduction hole 53, and the lubricating oil contained in the high pressure fluid is separated in the separation chamber 51.

  By the way, the separation chamber 51 is a cylindrical space, and the introduction hole 53 for guiding the high-pressure fluid to the cylindrical space is formed so as to guide the high-pressure fluid in the tangential direction of the cylindrical space. Therefore, the lubricating oil contained in the high-pressure fluid comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface 49 of the cylindrical portion of the separation chamber 51 and is separated from the refrigerant gas by centrifugal force while turning in the cylindrical space. The high-pressure fluid is discharged from the gas outlet 58 to the outside of the compressor, and the separated lubricating oil moves downward along the inner peripheral surface 49. In this embodiment, a substantially inverted conical space is formed at the lower part of the cylindrical space, and the separation chamber 51 is mainly composed of the substantially inverted conical space and the above-described cylindrical space.

  An oil guide passage 50 that guides the separated lubricating oil to the oil storage chamber 52 is formed at the lower end of the separation chamber 51. As shown in FIG. 1, the oil guide passage 50 is formed vertically downward, and the oil storage chamber side opening 54 of the oil guide passage 50 is perpendicular to the oil level of the lubricating oil stored in the oil storage chamber 52. In the lower lubricating oil. Then, by providing a reintroduction hole 57 that allows fluid movement between the upper part in the oil storage chamber 52 and the separation chamber 51, a gas flow such as refrigerant gas stored in the upper part of the oil storage chamber 52 is allowed to flow. The oil level in the separation chamber is made to be equal to the vertical direction or slightly lower than the oil level in the oil storage chamber.

  Further, a communication passage 59 having a cross-sectional area of 0.15 to 0.5φ is formed in the partition wall between the inner upper portion of the oil storage chamber 52 and the high-pressure chamber 14. There may be one or a plurality of communication paths 59. A floating on-off valve 60 that opens and closes the communication passage 59 by vibration and a valve pressing plate 61 that restrains the on-off valve 60 with play are provided on the high-pressure chamber side of the communication passage 59.

With such a configuration, when the rotation speed of the compressor increases and the vibration value of the engine to which the compressor is attached increases, the on-off valve 60 is opened by vibration. At that time, due to the difference in static pressure between the high pressure chamber 14 and the oil storage chamber 52, a part of the compressor discharge flow flows from the high pressure chamber 14 into the oil storage chamber 52 through the communication passage 59. Since the surface of the lubricating oil accumulated in the oil storage chamber 52 is disturbed and waved by the discharge flow flowing into the oil storage chamber 52, a part of the lubricating oil is ejected from the connection port connecting the oil storage chamber 52 and the separation chamber 51, Lubricating oil will be discharged from the separation chamber 51 to the gas outlet and into the system cycle. Therefore, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant during the system cycle will increase, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant that was lacking during the system cycle will be appropriate, the discharge temperature will fall, and the compressor reliability will be ensured I can do it.

  That is, in this compressor, the on-off valve 60 vibrates in small increments due to vibration of the engine or the like to which the compressor is attached, that is, opens and closes the communication passage 59, that is, a part of the discharge flow from the communication passage 59 to the oil storage chamber 52. When the communication passage 59 is present as compared with the case where the communication passage 59 is not present, the oil circulation rate (OCR) increases as the compressor rotational speed (Nc) increases and is included in the refrigerant in the system. The amount of lubricating oil can be increased. On the other hand, when the rotational speed is low, the OCR can be kept low and the system efficiency can be improved. As for reliability, replenishment of lubricating oil to the lubricating part, which is a concern when the compressor rotates at high speed, can make the amount of lubricating oil in the refrigerant appropriate by such a configuration, thus ensuring reliability. .

  In addition, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the system cycle of the air conditioner is controlled by changing the set rotational speed at which the on-off valve 60 opens, ensuring the reliability of the compressor and optimizing the system efficiency of the air conditioner. A compressor capable of controlling the value can be provided.

  In the above-described embodiment, the sliding vane type rotary compression mechanism is used as the compressor. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other compression mechanisms such as a rolling piston type and a scroll type may be used. It can be configured similarly.

  As described above, in the compressor of the present invention, at the time of high-speed rotation of the compressor, the lack of lubrication in the lubrication part of the compressor can be resolved, and the reliability can be improved. If it is low, the system efficiency can be increased and the cooling performance can be improved, and it can be used for various refrigeration equipment as well as for automobiles.

1 cylinder 2 rotor 3 vane slot 4 vane 5 drive shaft 6 front side plate 7 rear side plate 8 working chamber 9 suction port 10 discharge port 11 discharge valve 12 high pressure case 13 high pressure passage 14 high pressure chamber 16 vane back pressure applying device 17 vane back pressure Chamber 18 Oil supply path 50 Oil guide path 51 Separation chamber 52 Oil storage chamber 53 Introduction hole 54 Oil storage chamber side opening 57 Reintroduction hole 58 Gas exhaust port 59 Communication path (The high pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber communicate with each other)
60 On-off valve 61 Valve retainer plate

Claims (2)

A compression mechanism for compressing a gas fluid containing lubricating oil; a high-pressure chamber into which the gas fluid compressed by the compression mechanism is guided; and a separation chamber in which at least a part of the lubricating oil contained in the gas fluid is separated; A compressor having an oil storage chamber in which lubricating oil separated from the gas fluid is stored in the separation chamber, the communication passage communicating the oil storage chamber and the high pressure chamber, and provided on the high pressure chamber side; A compressor comprising: a floating on-off valve that opens and closes a communication path; and a valve pressing plate that restrains the on-off valve with play. 2. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the on-off valve is set so that the valve is opened when the rotational speed of the rotor of the compressor is equal to or higher than a predetermined rotational speed, and is closed when the rotational speed is equal to or lower than the predetermined rotational speed. .

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