JP4378970B2 - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a compressor that compresses a gas fluid, and relates to a compressor such as an automotive air conditioner.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In such a compressor, a part of the lubricating oil that lubricates the compression mechanism together with the compressed gas fluid is discharged from the compressor into the system cycle of the air conditioner. As the amount of lubricating oil discharged from the compressor together with the gas fluid increases during the system cycle, the system efficiency of the air conditioner decreases.
[0003]
Therefore, in the conventional compressor, in order to suppress the discharge of the lubricating oil during the system cycle of the air conditioner and improve the system efficiency of the air conditioner, the lubricating oil is supplied from the compressed fluid to the discharge side of the compression mechanism. A separation chamber for separation is provided.
[0004]
An oil storage chamber for storing the separated lubricating oil is formed below the separation chamber (direction of gravity), and a discharge hole for discharging the lubricating oil separated in the separation chamber to the oil storage chamber is formed in the separation chamber.
[0005]
In addition, a collision wall is formed for the purpose of suppressing the oil surface that the lubricating oil blown from the opening of the discharge hole hits the lubricating oil surface accumulated in the oil storage chamber and the oil surface is fluctuated, and the oil storage chamber is supplied from the supply port in the oil storage chamber. The lubricating oil collected in the compressor is supplied to the lubricating portion of the compressor (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 11-82352 A (page 3-4, FIG. 1)
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the compressor described in this publication, as the compressor rotates at a higher speed, the swirling flow of the gas fluid in the separation chamber becomes faster, the separation efficiency of the lubricating oil is improved, and the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the system cycle is increased. Reduces system efficiency.
[0008]
However, when the amount of lubricating oil discharged into the system cycle is too small, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant is reduced and the oil circulation rate (OCR) during the system cycle is deteriorated.
[0009]
When the OCR is deteriorated, the lubricity of the sliding portion of the compression mechanism is deteriorated, and as a result, the compression mechanism is seized, and the reliability and durability of the compressor are deteriorated.
[0010]
Therefore, in view of the above-described conventional problems, the present invention is a compressor having a structure in which the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the system cycle of the air conditioner is suppressed from being excessively reduced and the reliability of the compressor is not lowered. The purpose is to provide.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, in a compressor according to the present invention, a compression mechanism for compressing a gas-fluid containing lubricating oil, a high-pressure chamber into which the gas-fluid compressed by the compression mechanism is guided, and the gas-fluid A separation chamber in which at least a part of the contained lubricating oil is separated, an oil storage chamber that communicates with the separation chamber via an oil guide passage and stores the lubricating oil separated from the gas fluid in the separation chamber; An oil storage chamber upper portion and a reintroduction hole communicating with the separation chamber are provided, and the oil storage chamber side opening of the oil guide passage is opened in the lubricating oil below in the vertical direction from the oil level of the lubricating oil stored in the oil storage chamber. a and the compressor, Rutotomoni the communication path provided between the high pressure chamber and the reservoir chamber, as 0.15~0.5mm diameter φ of the cross-sectional area of the communication passage, via the communicating passage The pressure of the discharge flow flowing into the oil storage chamber is determined by the lubrication. It has a configuration so as to surged oil level. The communication passage may be a cut like a slit.
[0012]
With such a configuration, a part of the discharge flow of the compressor flows into the oil storage chamber from the high pressure chamber through the communication path due to the difference in static pressure between the high pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber.
[0013]
The discharge flow that flows into the oil storage chamber becomes faster as the compressor rotates at a higher speed. The greater the effect, the more the oil surface accumulated in the oil storage chamber becomes turbulent and undulate, so the connection between the oil storage chamber and the separation chamber A part of the lubricating oil is ejected from the opening, the ejected lubricating oil is directed from the separation chamber to the gas discharge port, and the lubricating oil is discharged into the system cycle. The amount of lubricating oil contained will increase, and the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant that has been insufficient during the system cycle will be appropriate, ensuring compressor reliability.
[0014]
Therefore, the oil circulation rate (OCR) and the system efficiency during the system cycle of the air conditioner can be controlled by changing the size of the cross-sectional area of the communication path provided between the high pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber.
[0015]
For example, if the cross-sectional area of the communication passage is reduced, the reliability of the compressor can be improved by increasing the lubricating oil in the system cycle at the time of high speed rotation of the compressor without lowering the system efficiency of the air conditioner at low speed rotation. . Therefore, the system efficiency of the air conditioner is good at low speed, the compressor reliability at high speed can be ensured, and the system efficiency of the air conditioner can be controlled to the optimum value.
[0016]
By changing the cross-sectional area of the communication passage in this way, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the system cycle of the air conditioner is controlled to ensure the reliability of the compressor and control the system efficiency of the air conditioner to the optimum value. The compressor which can be provided can be provided.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(Embodiment 1)
The compressor of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a working chamber of the compressor, and FIG. 3 is a view of a high-pressure case when the compressor is viewed from the working chamber side.
[0018]
As shown in the figure, in this compressor, a substantially cylindrical rotor 2 is rotatably accommodated in a cylinder 1 having a cylindrical inner wall so that a part of the outer periphery forms a minute gap with the inner wall of the cylinder 1. . A plurality of vane slots 3 are provided at equal intervals in the rotor 2, and vanes 4 are slidably inserted into the vane slots 3.
[0019]
The rotor 2 rotates when a drive shaft 5 formed integrally therewith is driven to rotate. The opening portions at both ends of the cylinder 1 are respectively closed by the front side plate 6 and the rear side plate 7, and the working chamber 8 is formed inside the cylinder 1.
[0020]
A suction port 9 and a discharge port 10 communicate with the working chamber 8, the discharge port 10 is connected to a high-pressure passage 13, and a discharge valve 11 is disposed between the discharge port 10 and the high-pressure passage 13. A high pressure case 12 is attached to the rear side plate 7, and a high pressure chamber 14, a separation chamber 51, and an oil storage chamber 52 are formed in the high pressure case 12.
[0021]
The high pressure chamber 14 communicates with the separation chamber 51 through the introduction hole 53. The separation chamber 51 is provided to separate the lubricating oil contained in the compressed high-pressure fluid. The separation chamber 51 communicates with the oil storage chamber 52 via the oil guide passage 50.
[0022]
The lubricating oil stored in the oil storage chamber 52 is supplied to the rotor 2, the vane 4, the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and the like constituting the compression mechanism via the oil supply passage 18, lubricates each part, and is supplied to the vane back pressure chamber 17. The pressure serves to push out the vane 4 to the outside of the rotor 2.
[0023]
Lubricating oil is supplied from an oil storage chamber 52 through an oil supply passage 18 that supplies the lubricating oil to the compression mechanism, and a vane back pressure adjusting device 16 is provided in the middle of the oil supply passage 18. The vane back pressure adjusting device 16 controls the oil supply pressure and the amount of oil supplied to the compression mechanism according to the fluid (refrigerant) pressure around the compression mechanism.
[0024]
When power is transmitted from a driving source such as an engine and the drive shaft 5 and the rotor 2 rotate clockwise in FIG. 2, a low-pressure fluid (refrigerant) flows into the working chamber 8 from the suction port 9. The high pressure fluid compressed along with the rotation of the rotor 2 pushes up the discharge valve 11 from the discharge port 10 and is discharged into the high pressure passage 13 and flows into the high pressure chamber 14. Further, the high pressure fluid flows into the separation chamber 51 from the introduction hole 53, and the lubricating oil contained in the high pressure fluid is separated in the separation chamber 51.
[0025]
By the way, the separation chamber 51 is provided with a cylindrical space, and the introduction hole 53 for guiding the high-pressure fluid to the cylindrical space is formed so as to guide the high-pressure fluid in the tangential direction of the cylindrical space. Lubricating oil contained in the high-pressure fluid comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface 49 of the cylindrical portion of the separation chamber 51 and is separated from the refrigerant gas by centrifugal force during swirling in the cylindrical space.
[0026]
The high-pressure fluid is discharged from the gas outlet 58 to the outside of the compressor, and the separated lubricating oil moves downward along the inner peripheral surface 49. In this embodiment, a substantially inverted conical space is formed at the lower part of the cylindrical space, and the separation chamber 51 is mainly composed of the substantially inverted conical space and the above-described cylindrical space.
[0027]
An oil guide passage 50 that guides the separated lubricating oil to the oil storage chamber 52 is formed at the lower end of the separation chamber 51. As shown in FIG. 1, the oil guide passage 50 is formed vertically downward, and the oil storage chamber side opening 54 of the oil guide passage 50 is perpendicular to the oil level of the lubricating oil stored in the oil storage chamber 52. In the lower lubricating oil.
[0028]
A reintroduction hole 57 that allows fluid movement between the oil storage chamber 52 and the separation chamber 51 is provided on the basis of the technical idea of utilizing the weight of the separated lubricating oil. Accordingly, the gas flow such as the refrigerant gas stored in the upper part of the oil storage chamber 52 is moved to the separation chamber so that the oil level in the separation chamber is equal to or slightly lower than the oil level of the oil storage chamber in the vertical direction. Is acting on.
[0029]
Further, a communication passage 59 having a cross-sectional area with a diameter φ of 0.15 to 0.5 mm is formed between the upper portion in the oil storage chamber 52 and the high-pressure chamber 14. There may be one or a plurality of communication paths 59.
[0030]
With this configuration, a part of the discharge flow can be introduced from the communication passage 59 into the oil storage chamber. As shown in FIG. 4 (characteristic data), when there is the communication passage 59 compared to the case where there is no communication passage, compression As the machine speed (Nc) increases, the oil circulation rate (OCR) increases and the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the system can be increased.
[0031]
On the other hand, when the rotational speed is low, the OCR can be kept low and the system efficiency can be improved. As for reliability, replenishment of lubricating oil to the lubrication part, which is a concern when the compressor rotates at high speed, can ensure the amount of lubricating oil in the refrigerant by such a configuration, so that reliability can be ensured. .
[0032]
Incidentally, in the case the cross-sectional area of the communication passage in the characteristic data of Figure 4 with a diameter of phi is 0.25 mm, the diameter phi showed the case of 0.4 mm, the cross-sectional area of the communication passage diameter phi 0. It has been confirmed that similar characteristics were obtained between 15 and 0.5 mm .
[0033]
In the above-described embodiment, the sliding vane type rotary compression mechanism is used as the compressor. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other compression mechanisms such as a rolling piston type and a scroll type may be used. Also good.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the compressor of the present invention, a communication path that connects the high-pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber is provided, and a part of the discharge flow is caused to flow from the high-pressure chamber to the oil storage chamber, so that the compressor can rotate at high speed. Therefore, the lack of lubrication in the lubrication part of the compressor can be resolved and the reliability can be improved. Also, when the compressor speed is low, the system efficiency can be increased and the cooling performance can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor showing a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1. FIG. Showing the characteristic data of the graph 【Explanation of symbols】
1 cylinder 2 rotor 3 vane slot 4 vane 5 drive shaft 6 front side plate 7 rear side plate 8 working chamber 9 suction port 10 discharge port 11 discharge valve 12 high pressure case 13 high pressure passage 14 high pressure chamber 16 vane back pressure applying device 17 vane back pressure Chamber 18 Oil supply passage 50 Oil guide passage 51 Separation chamber 52 Oil storage chamber 53 Introduction hole 54 Oil storage chamber side opening passage (oil introduction passage)
57 Reintroduction hole 58 Gas exhaust port 59 Communication passage (Communicating the high pressure chamber and oil storage chamber)

Claims (1)

A compression mechanism for compressing a gas fluid containing lubricating oil; a high-pressure chamber into which the gas fluid compressed by the compression mechanism is guided; and a separation chamber in which at least a part of the lubricating oil contained in the gas fluid is separated; An oil storage chamber that communicates with the separation chamber via an oil guide passage and stores the lubricating oil separated from the gas fluid in the separation chamber, and a reintroduction hole that communicates the upper portion of the oil storage chamber with the separation chamber. The oil storage chamber side opening of the oil guide passage is a compressor that opens in the lubricating oil vertically below the oil level of the lubricating oil stored in the oil storage chamber, the oil storage chamber, the high pressure chamber, Rutotomoni the communication path is provided between the, as 0.15~0.5mm diameter φ of the cross-sectional area of the communication passage, the oil pressure of the discharge flow of the lubricating oil flowing into the oil storage chamber through the communication passage A compressor characterized by making the surface undulate .

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