JP2006037928A - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compressor having a structure that it stores within it a larger amount of lubricating oil than the volumetric capacity of an oil-storage chamber, and that it suppresses a decrease in the amount of the lubricating oil within the oil-storage chamber while securing a volumetric capacity of a discharge chamber sufficient for reducing the pressure pulse of an airflow object discharged from the compressor. <P>SOLUTION: An oil-storage part 10a of the discharge chamber is provided which collects the lubricating oil stagnant on the bottom of the discharge chamber 10. Then the oil-storage part 10a of the discharge chamber and the oil-storage chamber 12 are communicated with each other through communicating paths 31a, 31b, and an open/close device 32 is provided to the communicating path 31b which has a large hole diameter. Thus, the compressor is protected by opening the open/close device 32 at the time of high-speed rotation and at the time of the generation of abnormal pressure. When the pressure difference between the discharge chamber 10 and the oil-storage chamber 12 is smaller such as at the time of steady operation of the compressor, the lubricating oil can be stored in moderation both at the oil-storage part 10a of the discharge chamber and the oil-storage chamber 12 by the communicating path 31a. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a compressor used in an automobile air conditioner or the like.

  Conventionally, this type of compressor discharges a part of the compressor lubricating oil together with the compressed air fluid into the system cycle of the air conditioner. Efficiency tends to decrease. For this reason, in order to suppress the discharge of the lubricating oil during the system cycle of the air conditioner, a mechanism for separating the lubricating oil from the compressed gas fluid is provided on the discharge side of the compression mechanism (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .

A conventional compressor includes a discharge chamber through which compressed gas-fluid is guided, a separation chamber that separates lubricating oil, an introduction hole that communicates the discharge chamber and the separation chamber, an oil storage chamber that stores the separated lubricating oil, It has a discharge hole that connects the separation chamber and the oil storage chamber to guide the lubricating oil separated in the separation chamber to the oil storage chamber, and a reintroduction hole that discharges the gas fluid accumulated in the upper part of the oil storage chamber to the separation chamber. It is configured as. Also, the lubricating oil stored in the oil storage chamber is supplied from the lubricating oil supply port to the rotor, vane, cylinder, etc. constituting the compression mechanism, lubricates each part, and pushes the vane out of the rotor as a vane back pressure. do.
JP 2003-90286 A

  However, in the conventional configuration, in order to reduce the pressure pulsation of the gas fluid discharged from the compressor, it is necessary to enlarge the volume of the discharge chamber as much as possible, but the volume of the discharge chamber forms a discharge chamber and an oil storage chamber. The oil storage chamber must be reduced in order to expand the discharge chamber without changing the size of the high pressure case. However, when the oil storage chamber is reduced, the lubricating oil that could not be stored in the oil storage chamber is discharged into the system cycle of the air conditioner, resulting in a problem that the system efficiency decreases. Particularly in recent years, since the compressor is required to be smaller and lighter, it is difficult to increase the volume of the discharge chamber and the oil storage chamber by increasing the size of the high-pressure case.

  In addition, since the introduction hole that connects the discharge chamber and the separation chamber is provided in the upper portion of the discharge chamber, a part of the lubricating oil tends to always stay in the discharge chamber, and the expansion of the discharge chamber volume stays. This further increases the amount of lubricating oil. Since the lubricating oil staying in the discharge chamber is useless as an air conditioner, it is desirable to reduce the amount of the lubricating oil staying from the viewpoint of cost.

  Further, immediately after the start of the compressor, the amount of lubricating oil returning from the system cycle of the air conditioner temporarily decreases, so that the amount of oil stored in the oil storage chamber tends to decrease. Particularly during high-speed operation, due to a decrease in the amount of lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber, part of the fluid compressed from the lubricating oil supply port that should be supplied with only lubricating oil is mixed as a gas component and supplied to the vane back pressure part. There is a problem that the pressure of the lubricating oil becomes unstable and the vibration and noise of the compressor are generated due to the collision between the vane and the cylinder, and there is a problem that wear of the vane tip is increased and durability is lowered.

Further, since the vehicle is frequently driven to accelerate and decelerate, and the vehicle speed fluctuates severely, or the climatic conditions such as temperature and the environment change frequently, the pressure fluctuation in the discharge chamber of the compressor also increases. Therefore, there is a high possibility that the fluid to be compressed is compressed by the liquid, and at that time, the discharge pressure instantaneously becomes abnormally large. In such a case, it is necessary to instantaneously lower the pressure so that the compressor is not damaged by dispersing the pressure or letting it escape to the atmosphere so that no abnormal pressure is applied to the cylinder or the like of the compressor body.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and ensures a sufficient discharge chamber volume for reducing the pressure pulsation of the gas fluid discharged from the compressor, while an amount of lubricating oil exceeding the oil storage chamber volume is placed in the compressor. It is an object of the present invention to provide a compressor having a structure for storing and a structure for suppressing a decrease in the amount of lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, the compressor of the present invention is provided with an oil storage part for collecting and storing the lubricating oil staying in the discharge chamber at the lower part of the discharge chamber, and the discharge chamber oil storage part and the oil storage chamber are communicated with each other by a communication path. It has been made.

  As a result, a part of the lubricating oil exceeding the oil storage chamber volume can be stored in the discharge chamber oil storage unit, and the amount of lubricating oil discharged during the system cycle of the air conditioner during steady operation of the compressor is suppressed. Reduction in efficiency can be suppressed. The lubricating oil stored in the discharge chamber oil storage part moves from the discharge chamber to the oil storage chamber through the communication path due to the pressure difference between the discharge chamber and the oil storage chamber, but the pressure difference between the discharge chamber and the oil storage chamber is small when the compressor is in operation. By optimizing the passage diameter of the communication passage, the lubricating oil can be stored in the discharge chamber oil storage section and the oil storage chamber with little movement. Also, immediately after the compressor is started, the amount of lubricating oil returning from the system cycle of the air conditioner temporarily decreases, so the amount of oil stored in the oil storage chamber decreases, but the pressure difference between the discharge chamber and the oil storage chamber also increases. For this reason, the lubricating oil stored in the discharge chamber oil storage portion moves to the oil storage chamber, and a decrease in the amount of lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber is suppressed.

  In addition, an oil storage part in which the lubricating oil in the discharge chamber stays and a communication path that connects the oil storage chamber are provided, and a mechanism that opens and closes at least one of the communication paths is provided, and the communication path is opened and closed by the rotational speed of the compressor. A means for discharging the lubricating oil into the system by applying a discharge pressure to the part and providing an appropriate amount of lubricating oil in the system is provided. In addition, when the discharge chamber becomes an abnormally high pressure that destroys the compressor, a communication passage is provided between the oil storage chamber and the discharge chamber to provide a means for reducing the pressure of the discharge chamber at once. .

  The compressor of the present invention has a structure for supplying lubricating oil from the discharge chamber oil storage section to the oil storage chamber through the communication path under the condition that the amount of lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber decreases. While ensuring a sufficient discharge chamber volume to reduce the pressure pulsation of the gas and fluid, the amount of lubricating oil discharged during the system cycle of the air conditioner is suppressed during steady operation of the compressor to suppress a decrease in system efficiency and compression. It is possible to suppress the decrease in the amount of lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber immediately after the start of the machine, thereby suppressing the vibration and noise of the compressor and improving the durability.

  In addition, the problem of insufficient amount of lubricating oil in the system when the rotational speed of the compressor becomes high is solved, and the reliability and durability of the compressor are improved. Further, by providing a means for releasing an abnormal high pressure in the discharge chamber, safety can be improved and reliability and durability can be improved.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a compression mechanism for compressing a gas-fluid containing lubricating oil, a discharge chamber to which the gas-fluid compressed by the compression mechanism is guided, and a lubricant contained in the gas-fluid in communication with the discharge chamber via an introduction hole. A separation chamber in which at least a part of the oil is separated; and an oil storage chamber that communicates with the separation chamber through the discharge hole and stores the lubricating oil separated in the separation chamber, and stays in the discharge chamber below the discharge chamber By forming a discharge chamber oil storage section that stores lubricant oil and communicating the discharge chamber oil storage section and the oil storage chamber via a communication passage provided at the bottom of the discharge chamber oil storage section, an amount of lubricating oil exceeding the volume of the oil chamber A part of the oil can be stored in the discharge chamber oil storage section, and the lubricant stored in the discharge chamber oil storage section can move to the oil storage chamber, so that the reduction in the amount of lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber can be suppressed. it can.

  In addition, by providing a mechanism that opens and closes the communication passage according to the number of rotations, the lubricant accumulated in the discharge chamber oil storage section can be moved to the oil storage chamber, and a reduction in the amount of lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber is suppressed and the system is operated during high-speed operation. The amount of lubricating oil in the inside can be optimized, and the reliability and durability of the compressor can be secured.

  In the second aspect of the invention, the communication path of the first aspect of the invention has a small cross-sectional area of 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm in diameter so that the lubricating oil can be gradually discharged into the oil storage chamber while being stored in the discharge chamber oil storage section. Thus, the lubricating oil appropriately moves according to the pressure difference between the discharge chamber and the oil storage chamber.

  The third invention is provided with an open / close mechanism that opens the valve when the rotational speed of the compressor reaches 3000 rpm or more and closes the valve when the rotational speed becomes less than 3000 rpm in the communication path, according to the rotational speed of the compressor. The amount of lubricating oil in the system can be controlled.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first communication path having a diameter of 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm, a second communication path having a diameter of 1 mm to 5 mm provided with an opening / closing mechanism is formed. When it is impossible to cope with a diameter of 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm, the load range can be expanded by dealing with a communication path having a diameter of 1 mm to 5 mm.

  The fifth invention is such that, in the fourth invention, when the pressure in the discharge chamber becomes 34 MPa or more, the opening / closing mechanism of the second communication path is opened, and when the pressure in the discharge chamber becomes abnormal, It is possible to reduce the pressure in the discharge chamber and ensure the reliability and durability of the compressor.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and a high-pressure case having a communication path according to the embodiment of the present invention. The structure is shown.

  1 and 2, the rotor 2 is eccentric to the inside of the cylinder 1 having a cylindrical inner wall and a part of the outer periphery forms a minute gap with the inner wall of the cylinder 1. A plurality of vanes 3 are slidably inserted therein. A drive shaft 4 that is rotatably supported is integrally formed at the center of the rotor 2, and the front side plate 5 and the rear side plate 6 each block the both ends of the cylinder 1 so as to provide a working chamber inside the cylinder 1. Form. The compressed gas fluid is discharged from the discharge hole 7 and the working chamber on the high pressure side from the discharge valve 8 disposed in the discharge hole, and the compressed gas fluid is guided to the discharge chamber 10 through the high pressure passage 9. The separation chamber 11 communicates with the discharge chamber 10 through the introduction hole 13 and separates the lubricating oil from the compressed gas fluid. The oil storage chamber 12 communicates through a discharge hole 14 below the separation chamber 11 and stores lubricating oil.

  A lower part of the discharge chamber 11 is partially lowered to form a discharge chamber oil storage part 10a. The discharge chamber oil storage section 10a and the oil storage chamber 12 communicate with each other through two communication passages 31a and 31b, and the communication passage 31b is provided with an opening / closing device 32 that opens at high rotation or when an abnormal pressure is generated. The opening / closing device 32 includes a ball valve 32a that blocks the communication passage 31b, a spring 32b that biases the ball valve 32a with a predetermined pressure, and a drive device (not shown) that opens and closes the ball valve 32a according to the number of rotations. Consists of.

In this embodiment, the communication path 31a has a diameter of 0.3 mm and the communication path 31b has a diameter of 5 mm. The communication path 31a has a diameter of 0.2 mm in order to gradually discharge the lubricating oil.
About 0.5 mm is desirable, and the communication path 31b is desirably about 1 mm to 5 mm so that it can be discharged in a short time.

  In addition, the upper part of the separation chamber 11 has a compressed gas discharge port 16 for discharging the compressed gas fluid from the compressor to the system cycle of the air conditioner, and is integrally formed as a high-pressure case 15 together with the discharge chamber 10 and the oil storage chamber 12. Further, the high-pressure case 15 is hermetically connected to the rear side plate 6.

  The rear side plate 6 covered with the high-pressure case 15 is provided with a vane back pressure applying device 17, a lubricating oil supply port 18 for sucking up the lubricating oil, and an oil supply passage 19 for supplying the lubricating oil to the back of the vane. The sucked lubricating oil is supplied to the vane back pressure unit 20 through the oil supply passage 19 via the vane back pressure applying device 17.

  When the drive shaft 4 and the rotor 2 are rotated by receiving power transmission from a drive source such as an engine, the compressed gas fluid pushes up the discharge valve 8 from the discharge hole 7 and flows into the discharge chamber 10 through the high-pressure passage 9. At this time, a part of the lubricating oil is separated from the gas fluid compressed by the collision with the inner wall surface of the discharge chamber 10 and stored in the discharge chamber oil storage portion 10a below the discharge chamber 10. The gas fluid that has flowed into the discharge chamber 10 flows into the separation chamber 11 from the introduction hole 13, and most of the lubricating oil contained in the high-pressure gas fluid is separated by centrifugal force by swirling in the cylindrical space in the separation chamber 11. The separated lubricating oil moves downward in the separation chamber 11, passes through the discharge hole 14, and is stored in the oil storage chamber 12. The gas fluid from which the lubricating oil has been separated is discharged from the compressed gas discharge port 16.

  About the compressor comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  In the discharge chamber 10, a part of the lubricating oil stays and is collected and stored in a discharge chamber oil storage portion 10a provided at the lower portion of the discharge chamber. The lubricating oil stored in the discharge chamber oil storage unit 10a gradually moves to the oil storage chamber 12 through the communication path 31a. Further, in the communication passage 31b, when the rotation speed of the compressor becomes a predetermined value or more, or when a pressure difference of a predetermined value or more occurs between the pressure in the discharge chamber 10 and the pressure in the oil storage chamber 12, the opening / closing device 32 is Opened. In the present embodiment, the opening / closing device 32 is set so that the rotation speed of the compressor is 3000 rpm or more so as not to run out of lubricating oil, and is opened when the discharge chamber 10 becomes 34 MPa or more as an abnormal discharge pressure. ing.

  As a result, the communication passage 31 is fully closed by the opening / closing device 32 during normal operation of the compressor, and the lubricating oil can be stored in both the discharge chamber oil storage portion 10a and the oil storage chamber 12, and discharged during the system cycle of the air conditioner. The amount of lubricating oil that is produced can be suppressed, and the decrease in system efficiency can be suppressed. Further, when the rotation speed of the compressor becomes high and the amount of lubricating oil is insufficient, or when a pressure difference greater than a specified value occurs between the discharge chamber 10 and the oil storage chamber 12, the opening / closing device 32 is opened and the discharge chamber oil storage section 10a is opened. The lubricating oil stored in the oil storage chamber 12 can be moved to the oil storage chamber 12 to suppress a decrease in the amount of lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber 12, and the vibration and noise of the compressor can be suppressed, and the durability can be improved. . Further, the compressor can be prevented from being damaged when the discharge pressure becomes abnormally large. Furthermore, by reducing the volume of the oil storage chamber 12 and increasing the volume of the discharge chamber 10, an effect of reducing the pressure pulsation of the gas fluid discharged from the compressor can be expected.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the discharge chamber oil storage portion 10a is provided in the discharge chamber 10, and the communication passages 31a and 31b and the opening / closing device 32 communicate with the oil storage chamber 12, thereby suppressing a decrease in system efficiency. In addition, the pressure pulsation of the gas fluid discharged from the compressor can be reduced to suppress the generation of vibration and noise, and further the durability can be improved.

As described above, the compressor according to the present invention has an effect of optimizing the amount of lubricating oil in the system for ensuring the reliability and durability of the compressor, and the pressure in the compressor is abnormally high. Since the compressor can be prevented from being damaged when it becomes, it can be applied to a compressor having another type of compression mechanism.

Sectional drawing of the compressor in Embodiment 1 of this invention AA sectional view in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylinder 2 Rotor 3 Vane 4 Drive shaft 5 Front side plate 6 Rear side plate 7 Discharge hole 8 Discharge valve 9 High pressure passage 10 Discharge chamber 10a Discharge chamber oil storage part 11 Separation chamber 12 Oil storage chamber 13 Introduction hole 14 Discharge hole 15 High pressure case 16 Compression Gas discharge port 17 Vane back pressure applying device 18 Lubricating oil supply port 19 Oil supply passage 20 Vane back pressure portion 31a First communication passage 31b Second communication passage 32 Opening / closing device 32a Ball valve 32b Spring

Claims (5)

Via a compression mechanism for compressing a fluid containing lubricating oil, a discharge chamber through which the fluid compressed by the compression mechanism is guided, a separation chamber for separating a part of the lubricating oil contained in the fluid, and a discharge hole In a compressor comprising an oil storage chamber that communicates with the separation chamber and stores lubricating oil separated from the fluid in the separation chamber, a discharge chamber that stores lubricating oil staying in the discharge chamber below the discharge chamber A compressor comprising: a communication passage that forms an oil storage portion and communicates with the oil storage chamber at a bottom of the oil storage portion in the discharge chamber, and a mechanism that opens and closes the communication passage according to a rotational speed of the compressor. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the communication path has a diameter of 0.2 mm to 0.5 mmφ hole. 3. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the communication path includes an opening / closing mechanism that opens when the rotation speed of the compressor reaches 3000 rpm or more and closes the valve when the rotation speed becomes less than 3000 rpm. The first communication path having a diameter of 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm and a second communication path having a diameter of 1 mm to 5 mm provided with an opening / closing mechanism are formed. The compressor according to one item. The compressor according to claim 4, wherein the opening / closing mechanism of the second communication path is opened when the pressure in the discharge chamber becomes 34 MPa or more.

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