JP2005307897A - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compressor, of such structure that excessive rise of delivery temperature due to less lubricant in high speed is restricted for preventing deterioration of reliability of the compressor. <P>SOLUTION: This compressor is provided with a communication passage 59 communicating a high pressure chamber 14 with an oil storage chamber 52, and an opening/closing valve 60 provided in the communication passage 59. As the rotation speed of the compressor becomes higher than prescribed rotation speed, differential pressure between the high pressure chamber 14 and the oil storage chamber 52 becomes high to open the opening/closing valve 60. The surface of lubricant stored in the oil storage chamber 52 by delivery flow into the oil storage chamber 52 is thus disturbed, and part of it is injected from a linking port connecting the oil storage chamber 52 to a separation chamber 51, so that injected lubricant is delivered to a freezing cycle. In high speed rotation of the compressor, insufficient lubrication of lubricating parts in the compressor can thus be eliminated to improve reliability. In a case of low compressor rotation speed, system efficiency is increased to improve cooling performance. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a compressor that compresses a fluid, and relates to a compressor such as an automotive air conditioner.

  Conventionally, in this type of compressor, a part of the lubricating oil that lubricates the compression mechanism together with the compressed fluid (hereinafter referred to as refrigerant) is discharged from the compressor into the refrigeration cycle of the air conditioning system. As the amount of lubricating oil discharged from the compressor together with the refrigerant increases during the refrigeration cycle, the efficiency of the air conditioning system decreases and the cooling capacity decreases.

  For this reason, in order to suppress the discharge of the lubricating oil into the refrigeration cycle of the air conditioning system and improve the efficiency of the air conditioning system, a separation chamber for separating the lubricating oil from the compressed refrigerant is provided on the discharge side of the compression mechanism. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

In the conventional compressor, an oil storage chamber for storing the separated lubricating oil is formed below the separation chamber (in the direction of gravity), and a discharge hole for discharging the lubricating oil separated in the separation chamber to the oil storage chamber is formed in the separation chamber. Is formed. In addition, a collision wall is formed for the purpose of suppressing the oil surface that the lubricating oil blown from the opening of the discharge hole hits the lubricating oil surface accumulated in the oil storage chamber and the oil surface is fluctuated, and the oil storage chamber is supplied from the supply port in the oil storage chamber. The lubricating oil collected in is supplied to the lubricating part of the compressor.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-82352

  However, in the conventional compressor, as the compressor rotates at a higher speed, the swirling flow of the fluid in the separation chamber becomes faster, the separation efficiency of the lubricating oil is improved, and the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle is reduced. System efficiency is improved. However, when the amount of lubricating oil discharged into the refrigeration cycle is too small, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant is reduced and the oil circulation rate (OCR) in the refrigeration cycle is deteriorated. When the OCR deteriorates, the lubricating oil contained in the discharge gas decreases and the endothermic effect decreases, so that the temperature of the discharge gas rises apparently. As a result, the compression mechanism is burned in, and the reliability and durability of the compressor are deteriorated.

  Therefore, in view of the above-described conventional problems, the present invention suppresses that the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner decreases at a high speed and excessively increases the discharge temperature, thereby reducing the reliability of the compressor. An object of the present invention is to provide a compressor having such a structure.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the compressor according to the present invention, a communication path allowing fluid movement between the oil storage chamber and the high pressure chamber and a pressure difference between the high pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber are sensed. In this configuration, an on-off valve that opens and closes is provided.

With such a configuration, when the rotational speed of the compressor increases and reaches a predetermined rotational speed, the pressure difference between the high pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber reaches a preset pressure of the on-off valve, and the on-off valve opens. At that time, due to the difference in static pressure between the high pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber, a part of the discharge flow of the compressor flows from the high pressure chamber into the oil storage chamber through the communication passage. The surface of the lubricating oil accumulated in the oil storage chamber is disturbed and waved by the discharge flow flowing into the oil storage chamber, so a part of the lubricating oil is ejected from the connecting port connecting the oil storage chamber and the separation chamber, and the ejected lubricating oil is separated. Lubricating oil will be discharged from the chamber to the gas exhaust port and into the refrigeration cycle, so the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle will increase, and the refrigerant that was lacking in the refrigeration cycle will The amount of lubricating oil to be contained becomes an appropriate amount, the discharge temperature is lowered, and the reliability of the compressor can be ensured.

  As described above, in the compressor according to the present invention, the communication passage that communicates the high-pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber is provided, and when the on-off valve provided in the communication passage becomes higher than the predetermined rotation speed, the valve is opened to discharge the flow. By allowing a part of the oil to flow from the high pressure chamber into the oil storage chamber, the lack of lubrication of the compressor in the compressor can be eliminated and the reliability can be improved during high speed rotation of the compressor. Further, when the compressor rotational speed is low, the system efficiency can be increased and the cooling performance can be improved.

  A compressor according to a first aspect of the present invention separates a compression mechanism for compressing a fluid containing lubricating oil, a high-pressure chamber into which the fluid compressed by the compression mechanism is guided, and at least a part of the lubricating oil contained in the fluid. A compressor that includes a separation chamber and an oil storage chamber in which lubricating oil separated from the fluid in the separation chamber is stored, and a communication passage that communicates the high-pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber; and An on-off valve that opens and closes is provided.

  With this configuration, the on-off valve is opened before the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle decreases and affects the reliability of the compressor. As a result, a part of the compressor discharge flow flows from the high-pressure chamber into the oil storage chamber through the communication passage, and the lubricating oil surface accumulated in the oil storage chamber is disturbed and waved. Part of the oil is ejected, and the ejected lubricant is discharged from the separation chamber to the gas outlet and into the refrigeration cycle, so the amount of lubricant contained in the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle As a result, the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant that has been deficient during the refrigeration cycle becomes an appropriate amount, and the discharge temperature is lowered to ensure the reliability of the compressor.

  The compressor of the second invention is characterized in that the on-off valve of the first invention opens when the pressure difference between the high-pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber becomes a pressure difference at a predetermined rotational speed. Therefore, when the rotational speed of the compressor reaches the rotational speed at which the oil circulation rate decreases, the on-off valve opens to connect the high pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber.

  The compressor of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
1 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the compressor shown in FIG. 1 taken along line AA, and FIG. 3 is a high-pressure case of the compressor shown in FIG. FIG.

  As shown in the figure, in this compressor, a substantially cylindrical rotor 2 is rotatably accommodated in a cylinder 1 having a cylindrical inner wall so that a part of the outer periphery forms a minute gap with the inner wall of the cylinder 1. . A plurality of vane slots 3 are provided at equal intervals in the rotor 2, and vanes 4 are slidably inserted into the vane slots 3. The rotor 2 rotates when a drive shaft 5 formed integrally therewith is driven to rotate. The opening portions at both ends of the cylinder 1 are respectively closed by the front side plate 6 and the rear side plate 7, and the working chamber 8 is formed inside the cylinder 1. A suction port 9 and a discharge port 10 communicate with the working chamber 8, the discharge port 10 is connected to a high-pressure passage 13, and a discharge valve 11 is disposed between the discharge port 10 and the high-pressure passage 13. A high pressure case 12 is attached to the rear side plate 7, and a high pressure chamber 14, a separation chamber 51, and an oil storage chamber 52 are formed in the high pressure case 12.

The high pressure chamber 14 communicates with the separation chamber 51 through the introduction hole 53. The separation chamber 51 is provided for separating the lubricating oil contained in the compressed high-pressure fluid. The separation chamber 51 is an oil guide path 5.
It communicates with the oil storage chamber 52 through zero. The lubricating oil stored in the oil storage chamber 52 is supplied to the rotor 2, the vane 4, the inner wall of the cylinder 1 and the like constituting the compression mechanism via the oil supply passage 18, lubricates each part, and is supplied to the vane back pressure chamber 17, The pressure serves to push the vane 4 out of the rotor 2. Lubricating oil is supplied from the oil storage chamber 52 via the oil supply passage 18 that supplies the lubricating oil to the compression mechanism, and a vane back pressure adjusting device 16 is provided in the middle of the oil supply passage 18. The vane back pressure adjusting device 16 controls the oil supply pressure and the amount of oil supplied to the compression mechanism according to the fluid (refrigerant) pressure around the compression mechanism.

  When power is transmitted from a driving source such as an engine and the drive shaft 5 and the rotor 2 rotate clockwise in FIG. 2, a low-pressure fluid (refrigerant) flows into the working chamber 8 from the suction port 9. The high pressure fluid compressed along with the rotation of the rotor 2 pushes up the discharge valve 11 from the discharge port 10 and is discharged into the high pressure passage 13 and flows into the high pressure chamber 14. Further, the high-pressure fluid flows into the separation chamber 51 from the introduction hole 53, and the lubricating oil contained in the high-pressure fluid is separated in the separation chamber 51.

  By the way, the separation chamber 51 is provided with a cylindrical space, and the introduction hole 53 for guiding the high-pressure fluid to the cylindrical space is formed so as to guide the high-pressure fluid in a tangential direction of the cylindrical space. The lubricating oil contained in is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface 49 of the cylindrical portion of the separation chamber 51 and separated from the refrigerant gas by centrifugal force while turning in the cylindrical space. The high-pressure fluid is discharged from the gas outlet 58 to the outside of the compressor, and the separated lubricating oil moves downward along the inner peripheral surface 49. In this embodiment, a substantially inverted conical space is formed at the lower part of the cylindrical space, and the separation chamber 51 is mainly composed of the substantially inverted conical space and the above-described cylindrical space.

  An oil guide path 50 that guides the separated lubricating oil to the oil storage chamber 52 is formed at the lower end of the separation chamber 51. As shown in FIG. 1, the oil guide passage 50 is formed vertically downward, and the oil storage chamber side opening 54 of the oil guide passage 50 is perpendicular to the oil level of the lubricating oil stored in the oil storage chamber 52. In the lower lubricating oil. A reintroduction hole 57 that allows fluid movement between the oil storage chamber 52 and the separation chamber 51 is provided on the basis of the technical idea of utilizing the weight of the separated lubricating oil. Accordingly, the gas flow such as the refrigerant gas stored in the upper part of the oil storage chamber 52 is moved to the separation chamber so that the oil level in the separation chamber is equal to or slightly lower than the oil level of the oil storage chamber in the vertical direction. Is acting on.

  Further, a communication passage 59 is formed between the upper portion of the oil storage chamber 52 and the high-pressure chamber 14, and an opening / closing valve 60 is provided on the oil storage chamber side of the communication passage 59 so as to suppress the opening degree of the opening / closing valve 60. A plate 61 is provided. The on-off valve 60 according to the present embodiment is a reed valve, and is set to open when the rotation speed of the compressor increases and the pressure difference between the high pressure chamber 14 and the oil storage chamber 52 becomes larger than a predetermined pressure difference. In addition, the communication path 59, the on-off valve 60, and the valve pressing plate 61 may be one or more.

  With such a configuration, when the rotational speed increases and the pressure difference between the high pressure chamber 14 and the oil storage chamber 52 becomes larger than a predetermined pressure difference, the on-off valve 60 is opened and a part of the discharge flow from the communication passage 59 to the oil storage chamber. When the compressor rotational speed (Nc) is higher than a predetermined rotational speed, the oil circulation rate (OCR) can be increased to increase the amount of lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant in the system. On the other hand, when the rotational speed is lower than the predetermined rotational speed, the OCR can be kept low to improve the system efficiency. As for reliability, replenishment of lubricating oil to the lubricating part, which is a concern when the compressor rotates at high speed, can make the amount of lubricating oil in the refrigerant appropriate due to such a configuration, thus ensuring reliability. .

  In the present embodiment, the sliding vane type rotary compression mechanism is used as the compressor. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other compression mechanisms such as a rolling piston type and a scroll type may be used. .

1 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. AA sectional view of the compressor shown in FIG. B arrow view of the high pressure case of the compressor shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 cylinder 2 rotor 3 vane slot 4 vane 5 drive shaft 6 front side plate 7 rear side plate 8 working chamber 9 suction port 10 discharge port 11 discharge valve 12 high pressure case 13 high pressure passage 14 high pressure chamber 16 vane back pressure applying device 17 vane back pressure Chamber 18 Oil supply passage 50 Oil guide passage 51 Separation chamber 52 Oil storage chamber 53 Introduction hole 54 Oil storage chamber side opening passage (oil introduction passage)
57 Reintroduction hole 58 Gas exhaust port 59 Communication passage (Communicating the high pressure chamber and oil storage chamber)
60 On-off valve 61 Valve retainer plate

Claims (2)

A compression mechanism for compressing a fluid containing lubricating oil; a high-pressure chamber into which the fluid compressed by the compression mechanism is guided; a separation chamber in which at least a part of the lubricating oil contained in the fluid is separated; and the separation chamber In the compressor comprising the oil storage chamber in which the lubricating oil separated from the fluid is stored, a communication passage that connects the high pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber, and an on-off valve that opens and closes the communication passage are provided. Compressor characterized by. 2. The compressor according to claim 1, further comprising an on-off valve that opens when the pressure difference between the high pressure chamber and the oil storage chamber becomes a pressure difference at a predetermined rotational speed.

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