JP2006112331A - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems that lubricating oil flows in a working chamber at a time stop of a compressor and that oil compression occurs and compressor structure part breaks at a time of start of the compressor in the compressor having a means supplying lubricating oil staying at a high pressure chamber lower part to a working chamber suction stroke part of the compressor employed for reducing heat generation due to slide in the compressor by reducing quantity of circulating lubricating oil and for prevention of rise of compressor outlet temperature. <P>SOLUTION: Lubricating oil staying in a shut in section 41 preventing communication between one vane back pressure chamber 17 and another vane back pressure chamber 7 is handled by providing an oil return passage 43 communicating to the suction stroke part in the working chamber 8 and provided with a minute restriction 42 in an upstream side or a downstream side. Consequently, thermal damage on a vehicle is prevented and air conditioning performance is improved by reduction of heat generation due to slide of the compressor and improvement of volume efficiency by oil film, and occurrence of oil compression at the time of start of the compressor can be prevented. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a compressor that compresses and discharges fluid, and more particularly to a compressor that is used in an automotive air conditioner and the like.

  Conventionally, in a compressor, a part of compressor lubricating oil is discharged into the system cycle of the air conditioner together with the compressed fluid, and the amount of compressor lubricating oil discharged along with the fluid is large during the cycle. The system efficiency decreases as it is discharged.

For this reason, in order to suppress the discharge of the lubricating oil during the system cycle of the air conditioner, a separation chamber 104 for separating the lubricating oil from the compressed fluid is provided on the discharge side of the compression mechanism. An oil storage chamber 101 for storing the separated lubricating oil is formed below the separation chamber (the direction of gravity), and the lubricating oil separated in the separation chamber is supplied to the suction side 103 of the compressor mechanism via the oil supply passage 102. And each part is lubricated (for example, refer patent document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-82335

  Conventionally, the role of the lubricating oil circulating in the system cycle contributes to the reduction of heat generation due to the sliding lubrication of the compressor and the maintenance of the volumetric efficiency of the compressor by the oil film of the lubricating oil. Therefore, system efficiency can be improved by reducing the amount of lubricating oil circulating in the system cycle. On the other hand, if the amount of circulating lubricating oil is reduced, the effect of reducing heat generation due to sliding in the compressor is reduced. As a result, the compressor outlet temperature rises, which causes a problem of heat damage to the vehicle and a poor sealing performance due to the oil film of the lubricating oil in the compressor. In Patent Document 1, the lubricating oil in the high-pressure case of the compressor is returned to the working chamber suction port via an oil supply passage without passage opening / closing means to ensure lubricity in the working chamber. Occasionally, a large amount of lubricating oil flows into the working chamber, and at the time of starting the compressor, a known oil compression occurs and the compressor components are damaged.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problem, in a compressor in which the amount of lubricating oil circulating in the system cycle is small, improves the lubricity by the lubricating oil inside the compressor, and at the time of starting the compressor, It aims at providing the compressor which prevents generation | occurrence | production of the well-known oil compression.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a compressor according to the present invention includes a closed section in which one vane back pressure chamber is filled with lubricating oil that prevents communication with another vane back pressure chamber, and a suction in the working chamber. An oil return passage having a predetermined throttle for holding the vane back pressure for pressing the vane against the cylinder is provided while communicating with the stroke portion.

  As a result, even if a small amount of lubricating oil circulates in the system cycle, it becomes possible to supply the lubricating oil in the confined section to the suction stroke in the working chamber, reducing heat generation due to the sliding of the compressor, The volume efficiency can be improved by the oil film. In addition, the lubricating oil in the closed section is supplied to the vane back pressure chamber by the vane back pressure applying device that shuts off the supply of the lubricating oil while the compressor is stopped. When the compressor is stopped, it is possible to prevent the lubricating oil from flowing into the working chamber, and it is possible to provide a compressor that prevents oil compression from occurring when the compressor is started.

  In the compressor of the present invention, the oil return passage is provided with a control valve that opens and closes at a predetermined pressure in order to make the vane back pressure necessary for the closed section more stable.

  As a result, the vane back pressure necessary for the confined section can be stably maintained even when the compressor changes with the speed of the vehicle on which the compressor is mounted or when the suction and discharge pressure of the compressor changes depending on the use conditions. And the lubricating oil can be supplied to the suction stroke section in the working chamber. Furthermore, heat generation due to the sliding of the compressor can be reduced, and volume efficiency can be improved by the oil film, so that it is possible to provide a compressor that meets vehicle requirements.

  The compressor of the present invention reduces the lubricating oil circulating in the cycle system, improves the system efficiency, reduces heat generation due to the sliding of the compressor, and improves the volume efficiency by the oil film, thereby reducing heat damage to the vehicle. It is possible to improve prevention and cooling performance, and to prevent occurrence of oil compression when the compressor is started.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, a cylinder having a cylindrical inner wall, a rotor that is disposed inside the cylinder, a part of the outer periphery of which forms a minute gap with the cylinder inner wall, and a plurality of rotors provided in the rotor A plurality of vanes slidably inserted into the vane slit, a drive shaft that is integrally formed with the rotor and is rotatably supported, and closes both ends of the cylinder to form a working chamber therein. A front side plate and a rear side plate, a suction port and a discharge port communicating with the working chamber across a portion where the outer periphery of the rotor and the cylinder inner wall are close to each other, and a discharge valve provided on the outlet side of the discharge port And a high-pressure case that separates lubricating oil in the compressed high-pressure fluid that communicates with the discharge port and includes an oil reservoir at a lower portion thereof, and a vane back formed by the vane slot and the vane rear end. Pressure chamber and high pressure case An oil supply passage that communicates with the oil reservoir, a vane back pressure applying device that is an oil supply passage opening / closing means that communicates with the oil supply passage when the compressor is operating and shuts off when the compressor is stopped, and the vane back pressure chamber is constant. In a compressor having a closed section in which one vane back pressure chamber prevents communication with another vane back pressure chamber within a rotation angle of the same, the closed section and the suction stroke section in the working chamber communicate with each other. By providing an oil return passage with a fine throttle that holds the vane back pressure to press the vane against the cylinder on either the upstream side or the downstream side, the vane is pressed against the cylinder with the lubricating oil in the closed section. It is possible to supply the suction stroke in the working chamber while maintaining the vane back pressure for reducing the heat generation due to the sliding of the compressor, improving the volume efficiency by the oil film, and at the time of starting the compressor, Prevent the occurrence of knowledge of the oil compression, it is possible to provide a compressor that was in vehicle request.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the oil return passage is provided with a control valve for further stabilizing the vane back pressure required in the closed section on either the upstream side or the downstream side, so that compression according to vehicle speed is achieved. Even in the compressor suction and discharge pressure changes due to machine rotation fluctuations and usage conditions, the suction stroke section in the working chamber holds the vane back pressure for pressing the vane against the cylinder with the lubricating oil in the confined section A vehicle that can reduce the heat generation due to the sliding of the compressor, improve the volume efficiency by the oil film, and prevent the occurrence of well-known oil compression at the start of the compressor A compressor that meets the requirements can be provided.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing the oil return passage of FIG.

  In the figure, the compressor includes a cylinder 1 having a cylindrical inner wall, a rotor 2 having a part of the outer periphery thereof forming a minute gap with the inner wall of the cylinder 1, a plurality of vane slots 3 provided in the rotor 2, and a vane. A vane 4 that is slidably inserted into the slot 3, a drive shaft 5 that is integrally formed with the rotor 2 and is rotatably supported, and both ends of the cylinder 1 are closed to form a working chamber 8 inside. A front side plate 6 and a rear side plate 7, a suction port 9 communicating with the low pressure side working chamber 8, a discharge port 10 communicating with the high pressure side working chamber 8, and a discharge valve 11 disposed at the discharge port. Thus, the compression mechanism unit is configured.

  A high pressure chamber 14 communicating with the high pressure passage 1 exiting the discharge valve 11, a separator 15 for separating and capturing the lubricating oil in the compressed high pressure fluid, and an oil reservoir 12 a below the high pressure chamber 14 include a high pressure case 12. Are integrally formed. The vane back pressure applying device main body 16 disposed on the rear side plate 7 is located in the oil reservoir 12 a and supplies the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir 12 a to the vane back pressure chamber 17 through the oil supply passage 18. The rear side plate 7 is formed with an arc-shaped oil groove 19 that connects the vane back pressure chamber 17 and the oil supply passage 18, and the plurality of vane back pressure chambers 17 communicate with each other through the oil groove 19.

  However, since the pressure received by the tip of the vane 4 becomes excessive near the discharge port 10 due to compression, the vane back pressure chamber 17 of one vane 4 is the vane back pressure chamber 17 of other vanes 3 in that section. The second oil groove 19a is formed as a confining section 41 that prevents communication with the lubricant, and the lubricating oil accumulated in the vane back pressure chamber 17 by the confining section 41 is throttled into the second oil groove 19a and the inlet 43a. An oil return passage 43 that communicates with an outlet 43 b in the vicinity of the suction port 9 in the working chamber 8 is formed in the rear side plate 7.

  The operation and action of the compressor configured as described above will be described below.

  First, when power is transmitted from a driving source such as an engine and the drive shaft 5 and the rotor 2 rotate in the clockwise direction, a low-pressure fluid flows into the working chamber 8 from the suction port 9. The high-pressure fluid compressed with the rotation of the rotor 2 pushes up the discharge valve 11 from the discharge port 10 and flows into the high-pressure chamber 14 from the high-pressure passage 13, and the lubricating oil is separated and captured by the separator 15. To the vane back pressure chamber 17, lubricating oil stored in an oil reservoir below the high pressure chamber 14 is supplied from the oil supply passage 18 to the oil groove 39 by the vane back pressure applying device 16, and a plurality of fluids in communication with the oil groove 39 are provided. The vane back pressure chamber 17 is filled with lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil in the vane back pressure chamber 17 in the closed section 41 is pressed into the inlet 43 a of the oil return passage 43 by the pressure of the vane 4. A vane back pressure for pressing the vane 4 against the cylinder 1 is held by a certain throttle 42, and the high-pressure lubricating oil is further reduced and supplied from the outlet 43 b of the oil return passage 43 to the vicinity of the suction port 9 in the working chamber 8. The Rukoto.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the vane back pressure is maintained so that the vane 4 connecting the vane back pressure chamber 17 in the closed section 41 and the vicinity of the suction port 9 in the working chamber 8 is pressed against the cylinder 1. By providing the oil return passage 43 having the throttle 42 capable of performing the above, conventionally, the lubricating oil accumulated in the vane back pressure chamber 17 in the closed section 41 is pressed by the vane 4, and the vane 4 and the vane slot 3, From the minute gap formed by the front side plate 6 and the rear side plate 7, the oil flows into an unspecified part into the working chamber 8. In the present invention, the lubricating oil is reliably supplied to the vicinity of the suction port 9 that is most effective for lubrication. Therefore, it is possible to reduce heat generation due to the sliding of the compressor and to improve the volume efficiency by the oil film, and it is possible to provide a compressor that meets vehicle requirements.

The throttle 42 arranged on the upstream side of the oil return passage 43 holds the vane back pressure for pressing the vane 4 against the cylinder 1, and the vane 4 collides with the cylinder 1 due to insufficient pressure in the vane back pressure chamber 17. The chattering phenomenon can be suppressed, and the high pressure lubricating oil is sufficiently depressurized and returned to the vicinity of the suction port 9, so that deterioration of the cooling performance can be prevented. In addition, since the lubricating oil is supplied by the vane back pressure applying device 16 that shuts off the supply of the lubricating oil when the compressor is stopped, the lubricating oil enters the working chamber 8 from the oil return passage 43 while the compressor is stopped. Problems such as vane breakage due to oil compression that flows in and compresses the lubricating oil flowing into the working chamber 8 when the compressor is started can be prevented.

  In the above-described embodiment, the throttle 42 is provided at the inlet 43a of the oil return passage 43, but may be provided at the outlet 43b. Further, although the second oil groove 19a and the oil return passage 43 are disposed on the rear side plate 7, they may be disposed on the front side plate.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the oil return passage of the compressor in the second embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 4, in the configuration of the oil return passage 43 according to the first embodiment, the control valve 44 that opens and closes at a predetermined pressure to make the vane back pressure necessary for the section closed in the oil return passage 43 more stable. Is provided.

  The control valve 44 that opens and closes the oil return passage 43 is applied to the tip of the excessive vane 4 generated in the vicinity of the discharge port caused by compression due to the pressure difference applied to the steel ball seating surface 46 of the steel ball 45 and the load of the elastic body 47. The vane back pressure in the vane back pressure chamber 17 necessary for the pressure can be quantitatively adjusted, and the vane chattering phenomenon in which the known vane 4 collides with the cylinder 1 due to insufficient pressure in the vane back pressure chamber 17 is further suppressed. This makes it possible to reduce vehicle noise.

  As described above, the compressor according to the present invention can reduce heat generated by sliding of the compressor and improve the volume efficiency by the oil film, and can provide a compressor that meets vehicle requirements.

Sectional drawing of the compressor in Embodiment 1 of this invention AA sectional view of FIG. The principal part expanded sectional view which shows the oil return channel | path of FIG. The principal part expanded sectional view which shows the oil return path in Embodiment 2 of this invention Cross section of a conventional compressor II arrow view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 cylinder 2 rotor 3 vane slot 4 vane 5 drive shaft 6 front side plate 7 rear side plate 8 working chamber 9 suction port 10 discharge port 11 discharge valve 12 high pressure case 13 high pressure passage 14 high pressure chamber 15 oil separator 16 vane back pressure applying device 17 Vane back pressure chamber 18 Oil supply passage 19 Oil groove 41 Closed section 42 Restriction 43 Oil return passage 43a Inlet 43b Outlet 44 Control valve

Claims (2)

A cylinder having a cylindrical inner wall, a rotor disposed inside the cylinder, a part of the outer periphery of which forms a minute gap with the cylinder inner wall, and a plurality of vane slits provided in the rotor are slidable. A vane inserted into the rotor, a drive shaft that is rotatably supported by the rotor, a front side plate and a rear side plate that close both ends of the cylinder to form a working chamber therein, and an outer periphery of the rotor Lubrication separated from the suction port and discharge port communicating with the working chamber across the part where the cylinder inner wall is close, the discharge valve provided in the discharge port, and the compressed high pressure fluid communicating with the discharge port An oil reservoir that stores oil, an oil supply passage that communicates the vane back pressure chamber formed by the vane slot and the vane rear end portion, and the oil reservoir, and an oil supply opening / closing means that blocks the oil supply passage from being communicated When In a compressor having a closed section in which one vane back pressure chamber prevents communication with another vane back pressure chamber within a predetermined rotation angle immediately before completion of compression of the vane back pressure chamber, the closed section and A compressor characterized in that an oil return passage having a predetermined throttle is provided while communicating with a suction stroke section in the working chamber. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the oil return passage is provided with a control valve that opens and closes at a predetermined pressure.

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