JP2008082183A - Vane rotary compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve lubricity inside a compressor for coping with high-speed operation and high-speed durability of the compressor and satisfying the speeding-up of the compressor. <P>SOLUTION: An approximately arcuate groove 39 accompanied by the rotation of a rotor 2 is arranged into a vane back pressure chamber 17 located in a containment zone, and an oil returning passage 43 communicating with a minute clearance (sliding part) between a rotor 2 and a front side plate 6 or a rear side plate 7 is provided. Thereby, even a small amount of lubricating oil in the vane back pressure chamber 17 located in the containment zone can be supplied to the minute clearance (sliding part) formed by the rotor 2 and the front side plate 6 or rear side plate 7, and the high-speed reliability and high-speed durability of the compressor are improved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a compressor that compresses and discharges fluid, and more particularly, to a compressor that is used in an automobile air conditioner and the like.

  Conventionally, in a compressor, a part of the compressor lubricating oil is discharged together with the compressed fluid into the system cycle of the air conditioner, and the amount of the compressor lubricating oil discharged together with the fluid is large during the cycle. The system efficiency decreases as it is discharged.

For this reason, in order to suppress discharge of the lubricating oil during the system cycle of the air conditioner, a separation chamber 151 for separating the lubricating oil from the compressed fluid is provided on the discharge side of the compression mechanism. An oil storage chamber 152 for storing the separated lubricating oil is formed below the separation chamber (the direction of gravity), and the lubricating oil accumulated in the oil storage chamber 152 is passed through the oil supply passage 118 to the back pressure chamber 113 of the compressor mechanism. Lubricating is performed to lubricate sliding portions and minute gap portions of each portion (for example, see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-090286

  However, in the above-described conventional configuration, the role of the lubricating oil mixed with the fluid circulating in the system cycle is to reduce the lubrication and heat generation of the sliding portion of the compressor, the minute gap portion, and the volumetric efficiency of the compressor by the oil film of the lubricating oil. Contributes to maintenance. Therefore, the system efficiency can be improved by reducing the lubricating oil circulating in the system cycle due to the separation effect, but on the other hand, if the amount of circulating lubricating oil is too small, Due to the lack of lubricating oil in the sliding part, there was concern about reliability and durability such as heat generation and lock, and there was a problem of lubrication for high speed rotation.

  The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a compressor that improves lubricity due to lubricating oil inside the compressor.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, the compressor of the present invention is provided with a substantially arc-shaped groove in which the vane back pressure chamber communicates with the rotation of the rotor in the closed section, and the rotor and the front side plate or the rear portion An oil return passage communicating with a minute gap (sliding portion) formed between the side plates is provided. This makes it possible to supply even a small amount of lubricant in the vane back pressure chamber in the confined section to the sliding part of the front side plate or rear side plate of the rotor. Durability is improved.

  Further, the oil return passage is provided with a control valve that opens and closes by a predetermined squeezing or pressure. This stabilizes and maintains the necessary vane back pressure in the confined section due to the rotational fluctuation of the compressor with the speed of the vehicle equipped with the compressor and the change in the suction and discharge pressure of the compressor caused by the use conditions. Therefore, avoid noise problems such as vane jumping. Of course, reliability and durability are not impaired.

  The compressor of the present invention can improve the lubricity inside the compressor, improve high-speed reliability and high-speed durability, and can cope with high-speed operation of the compressor.

  1st invention provides the substantially arc-shaped groove | channel accompanying the rotation of a rotor in the vane back pressure chamber in a closed area, and communicates with the minute clearance (sliding part) part of a rotor and a front side plate or a rear side plate. By providing a return passage, it becomes possible to supply the lubricating oil in the confined section to the sliding part of the front side plate or the rear side plate of the rotor even if the amount of lubricating oil circulating in the system cycle is small. The high-speed reliability and high-speed durability of the compressor can be improved.

  The second aspect of the invention stabilizes the vane back pressure required in the closed section due to the rotational fluctuation of the compressor according to the speed of the vehicle equipped with the compressor and the change in the suction and discharge pressure of the compressor caused by the use conditions. The noise problem and the reliability durability can be prevented from being impaired.

  The third invention can also achieve the same effects as the second invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part A showing the oil return passage of FIG.

  1 to 3, the compressor includes a cylinder 1 having a cylindrical inner wall and a rotor 2 having a part of the outer periphery forming a minute gap with the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and a plurality of vane slots 3 provided in the rotor 2. The vane 4 slidably inserted into the vane slot 3, the drive shaft 5 integrally formed with the rotor 2 and rotatably supported, and both ends of the cylinder 1 are closed and the working chamber 8 is closed inside. A front side plate 6 and a rear side plate 7, a suction port 9 communicating with the low pressure side working chamber 8, a discharge port 10 communicating with the high pressure side working chamber 8, and a discharge valve disposed at the discharge port 11 constitutes a compression mechanism.

  A high pressure chamber 14 communicating from the high pressure passage 13 exiting the discharge valve 11, a separator 15 for separating and capturing the lubricating oil in the compressed high pressure fluid, and an oil reservoir 12 a below the high pressure chamber 14 are provided in the high pressure case 12. It is formed integrally. The vane back pressure applying device main body 16 disposed on the rear side plate 7 is located in the oil reservoir 12 a and supplies the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir 12 a to the vane back pressure chamber 17 through the oil supply passage 18. The rear side plate 7 is formed with an arc-shaped oil groove 39 that communicates the vane back pressure chamber 17 and the oil supply passage 18, and the plurality of vane back pressure chambers 17 communicate with each other via the oil groove 39.

  However, since the pressure received by the tip of the vane 4 becomes excessive near the discharge port 10 due to compression, the vane back pressure chamber 17 of one vane 4 is the vane back pressure chamber 17 of other vanes 3 in that section. The second oil groove 19a is formed as a confining section 41 that prevents communication with the lubricant, and the lubricating oil accumulated in the vane back pressure chamber 17 by the confining section 41 is throttled into the second oil groove 19a and the inlet 43a. An oil return passage 43 that communicates with an outlet 43 b in the vicinity of the suction port 9 in the working chamber 8 is formed in the rear side plate 7.

The operation and action of the compressor configured as described above will be described below. First, when power is transmitted from a drive source such as an engine and the drive shaft 5 and the rotor 2 are rotated in the clockwise direction, low-pressure fluid flows into the working chamber 8 from the suction port 9. The high-pressure fluid compressed with the rotation of the rotor 2 pushes up the discharge valve 11 from the discharge port 10 and flows into the high-pressure chamber 14 through the high-pressure passage 13, and the lubricating oil is separated and captured by the separator 15. To the vane back pressure chamber 17, lubricating oil stored in an oil reservoir below the high pressure chamber 14 is supplied from the oil supply passage 18 to the oil groove 39 by the vane back pressure applying device 16, and a plurality of fluids in communication with the oil groove 39 are provided. The vane back pressure chamber 17 is filled with lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil in the vane back pressure chamber 17 in the closed section 41 is pressed into the inlet 43 a of the oil return passage 43 by the pressure of the vane 4. The vane back pressure for pressing the vane 4 against the cylinder 1 is held by a certain throttle 42, and the high-pressure lubricating oil is further reduced and supplied to the sliding portion of the rotor 2 and the rear side plate 7 from the outlet 43b of the oil return passage 43. Will be.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the vane back pressure is maintained so that the vane 4 connecting the vane back pressure chamber 17 in the closed section 41 and the vicinity of the suction port 9 in the working chamber 8 is pressed against the cylinder 1. By providing the oil return passage 43 having the throttle 42 capable of performing the above, conventionally, the lubricating oil accumulated in the vane back pressure chamber 17 in the closed section 41 is pressed by the vane 4, and the vane 4 and the vane slot 3, The small gap formed by the front side plate 6 and the rear side plate 7 flows into an unspecified part in the working chamber 8, but in the present invention, the most effective lubrication of the rotor 2 and the sliding portion of the rear side plate 7 is lubricated. Oil can be supplied reliably, heat generation by sliding of the compressor can be reduced, volume efficiency can be improved by the oil film, and a compressor that satisfies vehicle requirements can be provided. Also plan It can be.

  The throttle 42 arranged on the upstream side of the oil return passage 43 holds a vane back pressure for pressing the vane 4 against the cylinder 1, and the vane 4 collides with the cylinder 1 due to insufficient pressure in the vane back pressure chamber 17. The chattering phenomenon can be suppressed, and the high-pressure lubricating oil is sufficiently depressurized and returned to the vicinity of the suction port 9, so that deterioration in cooling performance can be prevented. In addition, since the lubricating oil is supplied by the vane back pressure applying device 16 that shuts off the supply of the lubricating oil when the compressor is stopped, the lubricating oil enters the working chamber 8 from the oil return passage 43 while the compressor is stopped. It is possible to prevent problems such as vane breakage due to oil compression that flows in and compresses the lubricating oil flowing into the working chamber 8 when the compressor is started.

  In the above-described embodiment, the throttle 42 is provided at the inlet 43a of the oil return passage 43, but may be provided at the outlet 43b. Further, although the second oil groove 19 a and the oil return passage 43 are disposed on the rear side plate 7, they may be disposed on the front side plate 6.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the oil return passage of the compressor in the second embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 4, in the configuration of the oil return passage 43 according to the first embodiment, the control valve 44 that opens and closes at a predetermined pressure to make the vane back pressure necessary for the section closed in the oil return passage 43 more stable. Is provided.

  The control valve 44 that opens and closes the oil return passage 43 is applied to the tip of the excessive vane 4 generated in the vicinity of the discharge port caused by compression due to the pressure difference applied to the steel ball seating surface 46 of the steel ball 45 and the load of the elastic body 47. The vane back pressure in the vane back pressure chamber 17 necessary for the pressure can be quantitatively adjusted, and the vane chattering phenomenon in which the known vane 4 collides with the cylinder 1 due to insufficient pressure in the vane back pressure chamber 17 is further suppressed. This makes it possible to reduce the noise of the vehicle.

  As described above, the compressor according to the present invention can reduce heat generated by sliding of the compressor and improve the volume efficiency by the oil film, and can provide a compressor that meets vehicle requirements.

Sectional drawing of the compressor in Embodiment 1 of this invention AA sectional view of FIG. Section A enlarged sectional view showing the oil return passage of FIG. The principal part expanded sectional view which shows the oil return path in Embodiment 2 of this invention Cross section of a conventional compressor BB sectional view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 cylinder 2 rotor 3 vane slot 4 vane 5 drive shaft 6 front side plate 7 rear side plate 8 working chamber 9 suction port 10 discharge port 11 discharge valve 12 high pressure case 12a oil reservoir 13 high pressure passage 14 high pressure chamber 15 oil separator 16 vane back Pressure applying device 17 Vane back pressure chamber 18 Oil supply passage 19a Second oil groove 39 Oil groove 41 Closed section 42 Restriction 43 Oil return passage 43a Inlet 43b Outlet 44 Control valve 45 Steel ball 46 Steel ball seating surface

Claims (3)

A cylinder having a cylindrical hollow portion therein, a substantially cylindrical rotor in which at least a part of the outer peripheral portion is rotatably disposed close to the inner wall surface of the cylinder, and a plurality of the rotor in a substantially radial manner The vane groove is slidably inserted into the vane groove, the tip abuts against the inner wall surface of the cylinder, and the compression space formed between the cylinder and the rotor is divided into at least a suction space and a discharge space. A front side plate and a rear side plate which close both ends of the cylinder to form a working chamber, a vane back pressure chamber formed by the vane groove, the vane, the front and rear side plates, and the front side plate. Alternatively, the fluid adjusted to at least one of the rear side plates is guided to the vane back pressure chamber, and each of the plurality of vane back pressure chambers does not communicate with each other as the rotor rotates. A vane rotary type compressor having a substantially arc-shaped groove that is provided with a gap (hereinafter referred to as a closed section), wherein the vane back pressure chamber is rotated along with the rotation of the rotor in the closed section. A vane rotary compressor characterized in that a substantially arc-shaped groove communicating therewith is provided, and an oil return passage communicating with a minute gap (sliding portion) portion between the rotor and the front side plate or the rear side plate is provided. The vane rotary compressor according to claim 1, wherein the oil return passage has a predetermined throttle. The vane rotary compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a control valve that opens and closes at a predetermined pressure is provided in the oil return passage.

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