JP2007535403A - 芯−外殻型触媒、その製造法並びにFischer−Tropsch合成におけるその使用 - Google Patents
芯−外殻型触媒、その製造法並びにFischer−Tropsch合成におけるその使用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2007535403A JP2007535403A JP2007510876A JP2007510876A JP2007535403A JP 2007535403 A JP2007535403 A JP 2007535403A JP 2007510876 A JP2007510876 A JP 2007510876A JP 2007510876 A JP2007510876 A JP 2007510876A JP 2007535403 A JP2007535403 A JP 2007535403A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- zinc oxide
- shell
- oxide
- cobalt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 5
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 44
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 33
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 19
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920000371 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241000640882 Condea Species 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 and low Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001464 poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012313 reversal agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910020599 Co 3 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002518 Polyallylamine hydrochloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJSSICCENMLTKO-HRCBOCMUSA-N [(1r,2s,4r,5r)-3-hydroxy-4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyloxy-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-yl] 4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)O[C@H]1C(O)[C@@H](OS(=O)(=O)C=2C=CC(C)=CC=2)[C@@H]2OC[C@H]1O2 NJSSICCENMLTKO-HRCBOCMUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003705 background correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- YIOJGTBNHQAVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-bis(prop-2-enyl)azanium Chemical group C=CC[N+](C)(C)CC=C YIOJGTBNHQAVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-bis(prop-2-enyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=CC[N+](C)(C)CC=C GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013335 mesoporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012229 microporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013460 polyoxometalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940006186 sodium polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
- C10G2/33—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G2/331—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used containing group VIII-metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/60—Platinum group metals with zinc, cadmium or mercury
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/80—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with zinc, cadmium or mercury
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
- B01J37/0219—Coating the coating containing organic compounds
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0242—Coating followed by impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
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- B01J35/393—Metal or metal oxide crystallite size
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
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Abstract
Description
び熱伝達特性をもっている。
きる。例えば摩耗試験の後における粒径分布のような或る種の性質の測定を行うこともできる。これに加えて、選ばれた触媒反応における性能を評価する前に、標準的な方法により支持体を適当な金属、例えばコバルト、鉄、ルテニウムおよび/またはニッケルの前駆体で含浸することができる。
1.5gのPSS(ナトリウムポリスチレンスルフォネート、分子量70,000)を0.1MのNaCl水溶液114gの中に含む溶液をつくり、0.1Mの塩酸水溶液を用いてpHを約5に調節した。この溶液に30gのCondea SBアルミナを加え、この混合物を15分間室温で撹拌した。15分後、濾過して基質を回収し、過剰の脱イオン水で洗滌した。
AI2O3+PSS+PDADMAC+SiO2+(PDADMAC+ZnO)3
空気を流しながら600℃でカ焼した後、この触媒の化学組成および物理的性質の特徴付けを行った。珪素の含量はVF基準(揮発性成分を含まない基準)で1.5%w/w Siと決定されたが、これは3.2%w/w SiO2に対応する。亜鉛含量はVF基準で12.4%w/w Znと決定されたが、これは15.4%w/w ZnOに対応する。
実施例1と同様な方法で酸化亜鉛で被覆したアルミナ材料をつくったが、シリカは使用しなかった。空気中でカ焼した後、最終的な亜鉛含量は2.0%w/w Znと決定されたが、これは2.5%w/w ZnOに対応する。
0.1MのNaCl水溶液中において1%w/wのPSS溶液をつくり、0.1Mの塩酸水溶液を用いてpHを約5に調節した。この溶液200mlに30gのCondea SBアルミナを加え、この混合物を15分間室温で撹拌した。15分後、濾過して基質を回収し、過剰の脱イオン水で洗滌した。
AI2O3+PSS+(PDADMAC+ZnO)3
空気を流しながら550℃でカ焼した後、化学組成によりこの触媒の特徴付けを行った。元素分析の結果揮発性物質を含まない基準で13.0%w/w Znと決定されたが、これは16.2%w/w ZnOに対応する。
292.4gのZn(NO3)2・9H2Oおよび103.8gのCo(NO3)2・6H2Oを1000mlの脱塩水に溶解して21.0g/lのコバルトおよび64.2g/lの亜鉛を含む金属の溶液(1000ml)をつくった。142gの(NH4)2CO
3を1000mlの水に溶解して塩基性の溶液をつくった。
スパン=(D[v.0.9]−D[v,0.1])/D[v,0.5]
ここで
D[v.0.9]=存在する粒子の90%がこの値よりも小さい粒径をもっている粒径の値(μm)(particle size below which 90% of particles exists)(Malvernの容積粒径分布)。
本発明の触媒の粒径分布はMalvern Mastersizer MS 20で測定した。
実施例1の試料(2ml)を8mlの不活性アルミナで希釈し、固定ベッド反応器(直径9mm)の中に装入した。触媒を先ず空気中で250℃(毎時60℃)に加熱した。250℃で2時間滞在させた後、空気を窒素で置き換え、この条件を0.2時間続けた。一酸化炭素を導入することにより還元を始め(250℃で)、3.5時間続ける。次いで一酸化炭素を窒素で置き換え、その滞在時間を0.2時間にした。次の段階において、なお250℃のまま1.5時間水素下に保ち、還元を完了させた。次に反応器を90℃より低い温度まで冷却した。合成ガス(2:1の割合の水素/一酸化炭素)を毎時8000のGHSVで反応器に供給してFischer−Tropsch試験を開始した。必要なCOの変換が得られるまで反応器を徐々に加熱した。
実施例4(対照製造法)に従ってつくられた触媒(2ml)の試料を、実施例6に記載されたのと同じ方法で還元し、賦活した。
Claims (10)
- 好ましくは酸化物の芯の材料、該芯の材料の周りにある酸化亜鉛の外殻、該外殻の中またはその上にあるコバルト、鉄、ルテニウムおよび/またはニッケルの1種またはそれ以上の金属をベースにした触媒活性をもった材料を含んで成ることを特徴とする触媒。
- 該芯の材料はシリカ、アルミナ、シリカアルミナ、チタニア、ジルコニア、炭化珪素、合成または天然産の粘土、或いはこれらの材料の2種またはそれ以上の組合せから成る群から選ばれることを特徴とする請求項1記載の触媒。
- 触媒活性をもった材料の量は該触媒の全量の5〜50重量%であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の触媒。
- 酸化亜鉛の外殻は芯と外殻とを合わせた量の1〜30重量%であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の触媒。
- 該活性触媒の表面積は500m2/gより小さく、好ましくは5〜160m2/gの範囲にあることを特徴とする請求項1記載の触媒。
- 請求項1〜5に定義されているような酸化亜鉛の芯−外殻型支持体上のコバルト、鉄、ルテニウムおよび/またはニッケルを含んで成る触媒の製造法において、固体の芯の材料に酸化亜鉛の外殻を備え、しかる後にコバルト、鉄、ルテニウムおよび/またはニッケルの1種またはそれ以上の金属の前駆体を被覆し、これを活性をもった触媒に変えることを特徴とする方法。
- 酸化亜鉛の外殻を被覆する前に、固体の芯の材料に少なくとも1種の電荷をもったイオン種、好ましくは電荷をもった重合体のイオン種を備えることを特徴とする請求項6記載の方法。
- 酸化亜鉛の外殻を被覆する前に、酸化亜鉛以外の酸化物材料、好ましくはシリカを電荷をもったイオン種の層に被覆することを特徴とする請求項7記載の方法。
- 酸化亜鉛の外殻を被覆する前に、該酸化物材料の上にさらに他のイオン種の層を被覆することを特徴とする請求項6記載の方法。
- コバルト、鉄、ルテニウムおよび/またはニッケルの1種またはそれ以上の金属の活性な触媒活性材料をベースにしたFischer−Tropsch触媒を存在させ、Fischer−Tropsch法を用いて液体炭化水素を製造する方法において、請求項1〜5記載の触媒を使用することを特徴とする改良方法。
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US10/836,445 US7422995B2 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2004-04-30 | Process for the preparation of a supported catalyst |
US10/836,445 | 2004-04-30 | ||
US11/113,142 | 2005-04-25 | ||
US11/113,142 US7361626B2 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-25 | Supported catalyst |
PCT/US2005/014228 WO2005116167A1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-26 | Core-shell catalyst, its preparation and use thereof for fischer-tropsch synthesis |
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US (1) | US7361626B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1749075B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5232468B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101148648B1 (ja) |
AR (1) | AR050584A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2564221C (ja) |
MY (1) | MY139482A (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2005116167A1 (ja) |
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AR050584A1 (es) | 2006-11-08 |
KR20070010190A (ko) | 2007-01-22 |
MY139482A (en) | 2009-10-30 |
RU2386668C2 (ru) | 2010-04-20 |
CA2564221A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
KR101148648B1 (ko) | 2012-05-21 |
RU2006142320A (ru) | 2008-06-10 |
US7361626B2 (en) | 2008-04-22 |
US20050245622A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
WO2005116167A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
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