JP2005533155A - 低速放出潤滑添加剤ゲル - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、流体中に低速放出する、ゲル形態の潤滑添加剤に関する。さらに、本発明は、濾過されるオイル中に低速放出する、すなわち、添加剤が、オイルの耐用年数の実質的な部分から全てにわたって放出され続けるように、ゆっくりと放出する、エンジン潤滑添加剤ゲルに関する。
オイルフィルタ中の低速放出潤滑添加剤が公知である。いくつかのこれらのフィルタにおける添加剤は、処理されるオイルにゆっくりと溶ける熱可塑性ポリマーに組み込まれる。例えば、米国特許第4,075,098号を参照のこと。他には、この添加剤は、上昇したエンジン温度にて、オイル浸透性のポリマーに組み込まれる。例えば、米国特許第4,066,559号を参照のこと。なお他には、この添加剤は、油不溶性であるが、オイルを濡らすことができる粒子に組み込まれる。例えば、米国特許第5,478,463号を参照のこと。なお別のアプローチにおいて、粘性改善剤として機能し得る油溶性の固体ポリマーが、ポリマーに組み込まれるさらなる添加剤を伴ってか伴わずに、オイルフィルタの内部に提供される。例えば、米国特許第4,014,794号を参照のこと。
本発明に従って、潤滑添加剤ゲルが、流体(例えば、オイル)に潤滑添加剤をゆっくりと提供し得ることが発見されている。特に、油溶性の潤滑添加剤ゲルは、オイルフィルタを通って流れるオイルに曝されるときに、これらの成分である潤滑添加剤部分へと、ゆっくりと溶解することが見出されている。これらのゲルの溶解速度は非常にゆっくりで、これらのゲルは、その成分である潤滑添加剤へと溶解するので、これらの潤滑添加剤ゲルは、これらの添加剤の濾過されるオイルへの低速放出を効率的に達成する。従って、これらの潤滑添加剤ゲルは、不活性なキャリアまたは非潤滑添加剤マトリクス(例えば、潤滑添加剤の低速放出を達成するための初期のシステムにおいて必要とされる、ポリマー骨格または複雑な機械システム)を伴わないかのように使用され得る。
本発明に従って、流体調節デバイスのための潤滑添加剤ゲルの形状の低速放出潤滑剤パッケージが提供される。この潤滑添加剤ゲルは、ゲル化潤滑剤の成分の低速放出のために、潤滑機械システムにおいて使用され、特に、システムの能率要件を満たすために処方される。さらに、ゲル化潤滑添加剤の成分の低速放出は、流体を調整する。潤滑機械システムとしては、以下が挙げられるがこれらに限定されない:内燃(SIおよびCIの両方)エンジン、天然ガスエンジン、据え置き型エンジン、金属加工冷却材システム、中高速海洋ディーゼルエンジン、潤滑機械システム、工業用潤滑システム、オイルフィルタ、油圧システム、トランスミッションシステムなど。
本発明のオイルフィルタは、図1に概略的に示される。図1は、オイルおよび端版16から粒子状汚染物質を取り除くために、一般に10で、ハウジング12、フィルタ媒体要素14から構成される、オイルフィルタを示す。端版16は、オイルが、それぞれ、矢印A、BおよびCで一般に示される方向に、フィルタ要素14、次いで、フィルタ10の外を通って、フィルタ10に移動するように並べられる、注入開口部18および排出開口部20を規定する。
現代の潤滑油は、代表的には、予め形成された潤滑添加剤パッケージと、精製されたか、または合成のベースオイルストックとを合わせることによって作製される。このような潤滑添加剤パッケージは、次に、代表的には、種々の異なる潤滑添加剤と一緒に合わせて、パッケージを形成することによって作製される。潤滑添加剤は、液体形状の場合、扱いやすく、測定しやすいため、通常、固体であるこれらの添加剤は、他の成分に添加される前に、キャリアとして働く、少量のベースオイルストックに溶解される。さらに、通常、さらなる量(例えば、40重量%)のベースオイルが、完成した潤滑パッケージに含まれ、再度、扱いおよび測定を容易にする。
上述のように、本発明の特定の利点は、潤滑添加剤ゲル22が、すなわち添加成分を含まないものであるように使用され得る。これは、初期のシステムにおいて使用される型の不活性なキャリアが、その潤滑添加剤を支持または測定するのに必要とされないためである。もちろん、所望の場合、このような不活性なキャリアが使用され得る。さらに、他の活性成分(すなわち、濾過されるオイルに有利な機能を付与する成分)がまた潤滑添加剤ゲル22に含まれ得る。例えば、所望の場合、ゲル形成反応に参加しないさらなる油溶性の潤滑添加剤がまた、含まれ得る。さらに、米国特許第6,045,692号に示されるような固体の粒子状添加剤(例えば、PTFE、MoS2および黒鉛)がまた含まれ得る。この特許の開示はまた、本明細書中に参考として援用される。さらに、上記の背景の節に言及される特許に記載される、固体の油溶性かつオイルを濡らすことができる粒子がまた、含まれ得る。
(表1)
濾過されるオイルへの低速放出に対する本発明のゲル化潤滑添加剤の能力を、運転試験によって決定した。この試験において、1989年式Honda Accordが各試験において366マイルまで走行し、この試験の約半分が、ハイウェイ上であり、残りの半分が、ストップ・アンド・ゴーの交通量においてであった。各試験の開始時に、Accordの4クウォートのオイル溜めにValvoline全天候型10w−40潤滑油を新しく充填し、濾過される潤滑油のサンプルを、定期的に回収して、その界面活性剤濃度を決定した。界面活性剤濃度を、2つ別の方法(ICPによって決定されるオイル中のカルシウム%、およびASTM D4739によって決定される総塩基数)で測定した。
(表2 運転試験 界面活性剤の濃度)
据え置き型のHondaモデルES6500 359cc、12.2hp(最大)内燃エンジンを6500ワット最大出力の発電機上で使用した以外は、上記の試験を繰り返した。このエンジンは、2.25gpmの速度で濾過される、1.5クウォートのオイル溜めを有した。このエンジンを、93℃の平均オイル温度にて、連続的(すなわち、定常電圧)ベースで運転し、6oz/日の補充速度で、オイルの追加を必要とした。
(表3 据え置き型エンジン試験 界面活性剤の濃度)
潤滑添加剤処方物を、フィルタ内に挿入する前に、LLDPE(直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン)バッグに入れたことを除いて、上記の据え置き型エンジン試験を繰り返した。バッグが、操作温度にてオイルとの接触により溶解または溶ける物質から作製され、従って、濾過されるオイルと接触するために、添加剤ゲル処方物を放出するので、このことは、添加剤処方物の扱いを容易にするためになされた。
(表4 据え置き型エンジン試験 界面活性剤の濃度)
Claims (17)
- 潤滑添加剤ゲルの形態の1つ以上の潤滑添加剤を含有する潤滑添加剤パッケージであって、該潤滑添加剤成分を流体中に低速放出する、潤滑添加剤パッケージ。
- 前記潤滑添加剤ゲルが、界面活性剤、分散剤、酸、塩基、オーバーベースの界面活性剤、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、少なくとも2つの潤滑添加剤のゲル化によって形成される、請求項1に記載の潤滑添加剤パッケージ。
- 前記潤滑添加剤ゲルが、界面活性剤および分散剤から形成される、請求項1に記載の潤滑添加剤パッケージ。
- 前記分散剤が、無灰分散剤または高分子分散剤である、請求項2に記載の潤滑添加剤パッケージ。
- 前記界面活性剤が、スルホン酸塩、石炭酸塩、サリチル酸塩、カルボン酸塩またはこれらの混合物である、請求項2に記載の潤滑添加剤パッケージ。
- 前記分散剤が、N−置換長鎖アルケニルスクシンイミド、ポリイソブテニルスクシンイミド、高分子量エステル、マンニッヒ塩基、アミン分散剤、高分子分散剤またはこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項2に記載の潤滑添加剤パッケージ。
- 前記潤滑添加剤ゲルが、ゲル形成に関与しない少なくとも1つのさらなる潤滑添加剤を含み、該さらなる潤滑剤が、抗酸化剤、消泡剤、磨耗減少剤、粘性改善剤、極圧剤またはこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項2に記載の潤滑添加剤パッケージ。
- 前記潤滑添加剤ゲルが、1以下のtanΔ値を有する、請求項1に記載の潤滑添加剤パッケージ。
- 請求項1に記載の潤滑添加剤パッケージであって、該パッケージの少なくとも30重量%が、少なくとも300のTBNを有するオーバーベースの界面活性剤と、以下の特性:
(a)ポリイソブテニルスクシンイミドのN:CO比が、0.6〜1.6であり
(b)該ポリイソブテニルスクシンイミドの無水マレイン酸変換レベルが、少なくとも約1.3であり
(c)該ポリイソブテニルスクシンイミドのポリイソブテニルセグメントのMnが、少なくとも約1200であり、そして
(d)該ポリイソブテニルスクシンイミドが、Cl2補助コハク酸化により作製される
のうち、少なくとも1つを有するポリイソブテニルスクシンイミド分散剤とを合わせることによって形成されるゲルからなり、ここで、該潤滑添加剤パッケージが、1以下のtanΔ値を有する、潤滑添加剤パッケージ。 - 1つ以上の潤滑油添加剤を、流体に供給するためのプロセスであって、該流体と潤滑添加剤ゲルとを接触させる工程を包含する、プロセス。
- 前記潤滑添加剤ゲルが、界面活性剤、分散剤、酸、塩基、オーバーベースの界面活性剤、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される少なくとも2つの潤滑添加剤のゲル化によって形成される、請求項10に記載のプロセス。
- 前記潤滑添加剤ゲルが、界面活性剤および分散剤から形成され、そして、1以下のtanΔ値を有する、請求項10に記載のプロセス。
- 前記分散剤が、N−置換長鎖アルケニルスクシンイミド、ポリイソブテニルスクシンイミド、高分子量エステル、マンニッヒ塩基、アミン分散剤、高分子分散剤、またはこれらの混合物からなる群から選択され、そして、前記界面活性剤が、スルホン酸、石炭酸塩、サリチル酸塩、カルボン酸塩、またはこれらの混合物を含む群から選択される、請求項12に記載のプロセス。
- 潤滑したシステムのためのオイルフィルタであって、該フィルタは、ハウジング、フィルタ、および潤滑添加剤を備え、該フィルタは、該フィルタを通過するオイルから、粒子状物質を取り除くためのものであり、該潤滑添加剤は、該オイルに低速放出するためのものであり、ここで、該潤滑添加剤が、潤滑添加剤ゲルの形態である、オイルフィルタ。
- 前記潤滑添加剤ゲルが、界面活性剤、分散剤、酸、塩基、オーバーベースの界面活性剤およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、少なくとも2つの潤滑添加剤のゲル化により形成される、請求項14に記載のオイルフィルタ。
- 前記潤滑添加剤ゲルが、界面活性剤および分散剤から形成され、そして、1以下のtanΔ値を有する、請求項14に記載のオイルフィルタ。
- 前記界面活性剤が、少なくとも300のTBNを有するオーバーベースの界面活性剤であり、さらに、前記分散剤が、以下の特性:
(a)ポリイソブテニルスクシンイミドのN:CO比が、0.6〜1.6であり
(b)該ポリイソブテニルスクシンイミドの無水マレイン酸変換レベルが、少なくとも約1.3であり
(c)該ポリイソブテニルスクシンイミドのポリイソブテニルセグメントのMnが、少なくとも約1200であり、そして
(d)該ポリイソブテニルスクシンイミドが、Cl2補助コハク酸化により作製される
のうち少なくとも1つを有するポリイソブテニルスクシンイミドである、請求項15に記載のオイルフィルタ。
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US10/196,441 US6843916B2 (en) | 2002-07-16 | 2002-07-16 | Slow release lubricant additives gel |
PCT/US2003/022331 WO2004007653A2 (en) | 2002-07-16 | 2003-07-10 | Slow release lubricant additives gel |
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2002
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2003
- 2003-07-10 AU AU2003253966A patent/AU2003253966B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-07-10 KR KR1020057000768A patent/KR101046837B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-07-10 MX MXPA05000600A patent/MXPA05000600A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-07-10 EP EP10011055A patent/EP2284248A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-07-10 EP EP03764779.9A patent/EP1622996B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-10 CA CA002492293A patent/CA2492293A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-10 JP JP2004521945A patent/JP4478017B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-10 WO PCT/US2003/022331 patent/WO2004007653A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-07-10 CN CNB038168030A patent/CN1304541C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-10 BR BRPI0312711-7A patent/BR0312711B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2004-10-13 US US10/964,435 patent/US7417012B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2008-05-28 US US12/128,042 patent/US7799745B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2010
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2007516305A (ja) * | 2003-06-25 | 2007-06-21 | ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイション | エンジンからのすすおよび/または排気を減らす燃料用ゲル添加剤 |
JP2009541639A (ja) * | 2006-06-21 | 2009-11-26 | カストロール リミテッド | エンジン潤滑油に1つまたはそれ以上の添加剤を加えるための装置および方法 |
US8327818B2 (en) | 2006-06-21 | 2012-12-11 | Castrol Limited | Apparatus and method for adding one or more additives to an engine lubricant |
JP2009543903A (ja) * | 2006-07-12 | 2009-12-10 | ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイション | 無灰制御放出ゲル |
JP2012504683A (ja) * | 2008-10-02 | 2012-02-23 | ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイション | 機能性液に実質的に不溶性である添加剤の送達 |
JP2015063705A (ja) * | 2008-10-02 | 2015-04-09 | ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイションThe Lubrizol Corporation | 機能性液に実質的に不溶性である添加剤の送達 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR101046837B1 (ko) | 2011-07-06 |
CN1668727A (zh) | 2005-09-14 |
WO2004007653A2 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
US8076273B2 (en) | 2011-12-13 |
US20100317553A1 (en) | 2010-12-16 |
US20040014614A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
AU2003253966B2 (en) | 2009-01-22 |
EP2284248A3 (en) | 2012-07-04 |
BR0312711A (pt) | 2005-04-26 |
EP1622996B1 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
US20050085399A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
JP4478017B2 (ja) | 2010-06-09 |
WO2004007653A9 (en) | 2004-06-10 |
KR20050028031A (ko) | 2005-03-21 |
CA2492293A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
EP2284248A2 (en) | 2011-02-16 |
US7417012B2 (en) | 2008-08-26 |
US20080257803A1 (en) | 2008-10-23 |
BR0312711B1 (pt) | 2014-10-07 |
US7799745B2 (en) | 2010-09-21 |
US20120067798A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
US6843916B2 (en) | 2005-01-18 |
EP1622996A1 (en) | 2006-02-08 |
AU2003253966A1 (en) | 2004-02-02 |
CN1304541C (zh) | 2007-03-14 |
US8299000B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 |
MXPA05000600A (es) | 2005-04-19 |
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