JP2005532287A - Cc−1065類似体の改良プロドラッグ - Google Patents
Cc−1065類似体の改良プロドラッグ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005532287A JP2005532287A JP2003583343A JP2003583343A JP2005532287A JP 2005532287 A JP2005532287 A JP 2005532287A JP 2003583343 A JP2003583343 A JP 2003583343A JP 2003583343 A JP2003583343 A JP 2003583343A JP 2005532287 A JP2005532287 A JP 2005532287A
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- prodrug
- indol
- indole
- amino
- chloromethyl
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、細胞毒性薬の新規プロドラッグ及びそれらの治療的使用に関する。更に詳しくは、本発明は、CC−1065の類似体である細胞毒性薬の新規プロドラッグに関し、該プロドラッグは、細胞結合因子への化学連結部分とインビボで切断される保護基の両方を含む。該プロドラッグは、細胞結合因子(cell binding agent)に化学的に連結できるので、治療薬はインビボで活性化及び放出され、そして標的化された様式で特定の細胞集団に送達されることが可能になる。
モノクロナール抗体−薬物複合体による腫瘍細胞のターゲティングに関する多数の報告が世に出ている{Selaら、Immunoconjugates,pp.189−216(C.Vogel編、1987);Ghoseら、Targeted Drugs,pp.1−22(E.Goldberg編、1983);Dienerら、Antibody Mediated Delivery Systems,pp.1−23(J.Rodwell編、1988);Pieterszら、Antibody Mediated Delivery Systems,pp.25−33(J.Rodwell編、1988);Bumolら、Antibody Mediated Delivery Systems,pp.55−79(J.Rodwell編、1988);G.A.Pietersz & K.Krauer,2 J.Drug Targeting,183−215(1994);R.V.J.Chari,31 Adv.Drug Delivery Revs.,89−104(1998);W.A.Blattler & R.V.J.Chari,Anticancer Agents,Frontiers in Cancer Chemotherapy,317−338,ACS Symposium Series 796;及びI.Ojimaら編、American Chemical Society 2001}。メトトレキサート、ダウノルビシン、ドキソルビシン、ビンクリスチン、ビンブラスチン、メルファラン、マイトマイシンC、クロラムブシル、カリチェアマイシン及びメイタンシノイド系といった細胞毒性薬が各種のマウスモノクロナール抗体に複合されている。薬物分子が中間担体分子を通じて抗体分子に連結されたこともあった。中間担体分子は、例えば、血清アルブミン{Garnettら、46 Cancer Res.2407−2412(1986);Ohkawaら、23 Cancer Immunol.Innunother.81−86(1986);Endoら、47 Cancer Res.1076−1080(1980)}、デキストラン{Hurwitzら、2 Appl.Biochem.25−35(1980);Manabiら、34 Biochem.Pharmacol.289−291(1985);Dillmanら、46 Cancer Res.4886−4891(1986);及びShovalら、85 Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.8276−8280(1988)}、又はポリグルタミン酸{Tsukadaら、73 J.Natl.Canc.Inst.721−729(1984);Katoら、27 J.Med.Chem.1602−1607(1984);Tsukadaら、52 Br.J.Cancer 111−116(1985)}である。
本発明の目的は、水性媒体中で高い安定性及び溶解性を有するCC−1065類似体のプロドラッグを提供することである。この及びその他の目的は、分子のアルキル化部分のフェノール基(phenolic が、水溶液中での貯蔵時に薬物を安定にする官能基で保護されているプロドラッグを提供することによって達成される。その上、保護基は、保護されていない類似体と比較した場合、薬物に高い水溶性も付与する。保護基はインビボで容易に切断され、対応する活性薬物が提供される。本明細書中に記載のプロドラッグでは、フェノール置換基は、ピペラジノカルバメート、4−ピペリジノ−ピペリジノカルバメートとして、又はホスフェートとして優先的に保護される。これらはそれぞれ生理的pHで電荷を保有しているので、高い水溶性を有する。水溶性をさらに高めるために、場合によりポリエチレングリコールスペーサーを、末端インドリルサブユニットCとジスルフィド基のような切断可能連結との間の連結基に導入してもよい。このスペーサーが導入されても薬物の効力に変わりはない。
本発明者らは、ある種のCC−1065類似体の安定性、水溶性及び有用性は、該類似体のアルキル化部分を適切な保護基で保護することによって増大することを見出した。従って本発明者らが提供するCC−1065類似体のプロドラッグは、高い水溶性及び安定性を有し、さらに細胞結合因子への連結が可能であることによってそのようなCC−1065類似体のプロドラッグの治療的効能が、腫瘍部位への該プロドラッグの標的送達を通じてインビボの分布を変えた結果、非標的組織への低毒性、ひいては低い全身毒性が実現することによって改良されたプロドラッグである。該プロドラッグが送達されると、内因性物質が実質的に該プロドラッグをその活性薬物形に転化し、細胞結合因子への切断可能リンカーを有する態様では、活性薬物形のCC−1065類似体が放出されるので、さらにその細胞毒活性が増大する。あるいは、細胞結合因子へのリンカーが標的細胞内部でまず切断され、その後活性薬物に内因的転化をしてもよい。
本発明によるプロドラッグは、分子のアルキル化部分のフェノール基が保護されているCC−1065の類似体を含み、該プロドラッグはさらに、該プロドラッグを細胞結合因子に複合することができるリンカーを含む。該プロドラッグは、アミド結合を介して連結された第一及び第二のサブユニットを含みうる。
本発明のプロドラッグ化合物の治療薬としての有効性は、適切な細胞結合因子の注意深い選択にかかっている。細胞結合因子は、現在知られている又は知られるようになったいずれの種でもよく、ペプチド及び非ペプチドを含む。一般的に、これらは、抗体(特にモノクロナール抗体)又は少なくとも一つの結合部位を含有する抗体フラグメント、リンホカイン、ホルモン、増殖因子、栄養素輸送分子(例えばトランスフェリン)、又は任意のその他の細胞結合分子又は物質でありうる。
モノクロナール抗体;
一本鎖抗体;
Fab、Fab’、F(ab’)2及びFvのような抗体のフラグメント{Parham,131 J.Immunol.2895−2902(1983);Springら、113 J.Immunol.470−478(1974);Nisonoffら、89 Arch.Biochem.Biophys.230−244(1960)};
インターフェロン;
ペプチド;
IL−2、IL−3、IL−4、IL−6のようなリンホカイン;
インスリン、TRH(甲状腺刺激ホルモン放出ホルモン)、MSH(メラニン細胞刺激ホルモン)、アンドロゲン及びエストロゲンのようなステロイドホルモンなどのホルモン;
EGF、TGFα、インスリン様増殖因子(IGF−I、IGF−II)、G−CSF、M−CSF及びGM−CSF{Burgess,5 Immunology Today 155−158(1984)}のような増殖因子及びコロニー刺激因子;
葉酸のようなビタミン、及び
トランスフェリン{O’Keefeら、260 J.Biol.Chem.932−937(1985)}
などである。
例えば、モノクロナール抗体MY9は、CD33抗原に特異的に結合するマウスIgG1抗体であり{J.D.Griffinら、8 Leukemia Res.,521(1984)}、標的細胞が、急性骨髄性白血病(AML)の疾患の場合のようにCD33を発現していれば使用できる。同様に、モノクロナール抗体抗B4は、B細胞上のCD19抗原に結合するマウスIgG1であり{Nadlerら、131 J.Immunol.244−250(1983)}、標的細胞がB細胞又は非ホジキンリンパ腫又は慢性リンパ芽球性白血病のようにこの抗原を発現している病的細胞であれば使用できる。
プロドラッグと細胞結合因子の複合体は、現在知られている又は後に開発される任意の技術を用いて形成できる。seco−CBI類似体に結合させたインドリル、ベンゾフラニル、ビス−インドリル、ビス−ベンゾフラニル、インドリル−ベンゾフラニル、又はベンゾフラニル−インドリル誘導体は、遊離アミノ基を含有するように製造し、次いで酸に不安定なリンカーを介して、又は光に不安定なリンカーによって抗体又は他の細胞結合因子に連結させることができる。プロドラッグ化合物を適切な配列を有するペプチドと縮合させ、その後細胞結合因子に連結させるとペプチダーゼに不安定なリンカーを製造することができる。細胞毒性化合物を、スクシニル化できる第一級ヒドロキシル基を含有するように製造し、細胞結合因子に連結させると細胞内エステラーゼによって切断されて遊離プロドラッグを放出できる複合体が製造できる。好ましくは、プロドラッグ化合物は、PEG含有スペーサーがある場合もない場合も、遊離又は保護チオール基を含有するように合成し、次いで一つ以上のジスルフィド又はチオール含有プロドラッグをそれぞれ細胞結合因子にジスルフィド結合を介して共有結合させる。
ジスルフィドリンカー:小細胞肺がん細胞表面に発現されるCD−56抗原に結合する抗体N901{J.D.Griffin,T.Hercend,R.Beveridge & S.F.Schlossman,J.Immunol,130:2947(1983)}は、複合体の製造に使用できる。該抗体を以前の報告通りN−スクシンイミジル−3−ピリジルジチオプロピオネートで修飾し{J.Carlsson,H.Drevin & R.Axen,Biochem.J.,173:723(1978)}、抗体分子1個につき平均4個のピリジルジチオ基を導入する。該修飾抗体をチオール含有プロドラッグと反応させてジスルフィド連結複合体を製造する。
好ましくは、モノクロナール抗体又は細胞結合因子と本発明のプロドラッグ間の複合体は、前述のようにジスルフィド結合を介して合体させたものである。そのような細胞結合複合体は、スクシンイミジルピリジル−ジチオプロピオネート(SPDP)でモノクロナール抗体を修飾するような公知法によって製造される{Carlssonら,173 Biochem.J.723−737(1978)}。得られたチオピリジル基を次にチオール含有プロドラッグで処理して置換するとジスルフィド連結複合体が得られる。ジスルフィド架橋を介して連結された1〜10個のプロドラッグを含有する複合体はこの方法で容易に製造される。この方法による複合は米国特許第5,585,499号に十分に記載されている。前記特許は引用により本明細書に援用する。
本発明のプロドラッグ及びそれらの細胞結合因子との複合体の細胞毒性は、保護基を切断し活性薬物に転化してから測定できる。Namalwa及びSW2のような非付着細胞株に対する細胞毒性は、Goldmacherら、135 J.Immunol.3648−3651(1985)に記載のように、細胞増殖曲線の後方補外(back-extrapolatiion)によって測定できる。A−375及びSCaBERのような付着細胞株に対するこれらの化合物の細胞毒性は、Goldmacherら、102 J.Cell Biol.1312−1319(1986)に記載のように、クローン形成アッセイ(clonogenic assay)によって測定できる。
本発明は選択された細胞集団の成長を抑制するための治療薬も提供する。該治療薬は、
(a)細胞毒量の、細胞結合因子に連結された一つ以上の上記プロドラッグ、及び
(b)製薬学的に許容しうる担体、希釈剤又は賦形剤
を含む。
製薬学的に許容しうる適切な担体、希釈剤、及び賦形剤は周知であり、臨床状況の許可するところ(clinical situation warrants) に応じて当業者が決定できる。
インビトロでの使用例は、標的抗原を発現していない望ましい変異株以外の全細胞を殺滅する;又は望まざる抗原を発現している変異株を殺滅するために細胞培養物を処理することなどである。
エクスビボでの使用例は、病的又は悪性細胞を殺滅するために自己骨髄を処理してから同じ患者に移植すること;コンピテントT細胞を殺滅して移植片対宿主疾患(GVHD)を予防するために骨髄を処理してからそれらを移植することなどである。
本発明をこれから非制限的実施例を引用することによって説明する。別途記載のない限り、全てのパーセント、比率、部などは重量による。
融点は電熱装置を用いて測定し、補正していない。NMRスペクトルはBruker AVANCE400(400MHz)スペクトロメータで記録した。化学シフトは、内部標準としてTMSに対するppmで報告する。質量スペクトルはBruker Esquire 3000 システムを用いて得た。紫外線スペクトルはHitachi U1200 分光光度計で記録した。HPLCは、Beckman Coulter システム GOLD 168 可変波長検出器及びWaters RADIALPAK(逆相C−18カラム)を備えたBeckman Coulter GOLD 125 システムを用いて実施した。薄層クロマトグラフィーはAnaltech GF シリカゲル TLCプレートで実施した。フラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィー用のシリカゲルはBaker製であった。テトラヒドロフランはナトリウム金属上で蒸留して乾燥させた。ジメチルアセトアミド及びジメチルホルムアミドは減圧下水素化カルシウム上で蒸留して乾燥させた。使用したその他全ての溶媒は試薬級又はHPLC級であった。
(S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−[(4−メチルピペラジノ)カルボニルオキシ]−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メチルジチオ−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド(DC2−SMe、2b)の製造
(S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−ヒドロキシ−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メチルジチオ−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド(DC1SMe)DC1−SMe(1b、40mg、0.058mmol)のTHF(4mL)中溶液に、4−ニトロフェニルクロロホルメート(17mg、0.084mmol)及びジ−イソプロピルエチルアミン(DIPEA、15μl)を加えた。該反応混合物をアルゴン雰囲気下で3時間撹拌した。TLCによる分析で、全てのDC1が消費されてRf値0.45の中間体が形成されたことが示された(移動相は1:2のアセトン/トルエン)。該反応混合物を4−メチルピペラジン(8.3mg、0.084mmol)で処理し、次いでアルゴン下で一晩撹拌した。次に、該混合物をEtOAc/THFの1:1(v/v)混合物(15mL)及びpH5.0の1M NaH2PO4水溶液(5mL)で希釈した。有機層を分離し、水性層をEtOAc/THF(1:1,4×15ml)で抽出した。有機層を合わせ、MgSO4上で乾燥、ろ過、蒸発、シリカゲルクロマトグラフィーによりアセトン/トルエン(3:8)で溶離して精製、そしてTHF/EtOAc/ヘキサンで再結晶化して40mg(収率85%)のDC2−SMe(2b)を得た。Rf=0.31(アセトン/トルエン、3:8);mp=225℃(分解);
(S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−[(4−メチルピペラジノ)カルボニルオキシ]−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メルカプト−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド(DC2、2a)の製造
トリス−(2−カルボキシエチル)ホスフィンヒドロクロリド(TCEP、30mg、0.104mmol)のH2O(2mL)中溶液をNaHCO3粉末でpH7.0に調整した。この溶液に、25mg(0.031mmol)のDMA(3mL)中DC2−SMe(2b)を加えた。2時間撹拌後、数滴のHOAcを加えてpHを3〜4に調整した。該混合物を濃縮し、分取用シリカゲルTLC(1:2のアセトン/トルエンで溶離)を用いて精製し、21mg(90%)のDC2(2a)を得た。
(S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−[(4−ピペリジノ−ピペリジノ)カルボニルオキシ]−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メチルジチオ−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド(DC3−SMe、3b)(3b)(DC3−SMe)の製造
DC1−SMe、1b、(50mg、0.073mmol)のTHF(4ml)中溶液に、4−ニトロフェニルクロロホルメート(35mg、0.173mmol)及びDIPEA(50μl)を加えた。アルゴン下で3時間撹拌後、TLC分析で、全てのDC1−SMeが消費されてRf=0.45の中間体が得られたことが示された(1:2のアセトン/トルエン)。該反応混合物を4−ピペリジノ−ピペリジン(40mg、0.21mmol)で処理したところ、重い沈殿物が形成された。混合物を4時間撹拌し、20mlのEtOAc/THF(1:1)及び5mlの1M NaH2PO4(pH4.5)で希釈した。有機層を分離し、水性層をEtOAc/THF(1:1,4×15ml)で抽出した。有機層を合わせ、MgSO4上で乾燥、ろ過、蒸発、シリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(アセトン/トルエン、3:8)で精製、そしてTHF/EtOAc/ヘキサンで結晶化してDC3−SMe(3b、45mg、収率70%)を得た。mp=285℃(分解);[α]=29.7°(DMF中 c0.5);
(S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−[(4−ピペリジノ−ピペリジノ)カルボニルオキシ]−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メルカプト−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド(DC3、3a)(3a)(DC3)の製造
TCEP(15.2mg、0.053mmol)のH2O(0.7mL)中溶液を13.5mgのNaHCO3粉末の添加でpH7.0に調整した。該溶液にDMA(2mL)中DC3−SMe(3b、8.2mg、0.0093mmol)を加え、反応混合物を2時間撹拌した。次に数滴のHOAcを加えてpHを3〜4に調整した。該混合物を濃縮し、分取用シリカゲルTLCを用いアセトン/トルエン(1:2)で溶離して精製し、7mgのDC3(3a)を得た。MS m/z+854.31(M+Na)+、855.31、856.32、857.31。
(S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−(ホスホノキシ)−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メチルジチオ−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド(4b)(DC4−SMe)の製造
DC1−SMe(1b、50mg、0.073mmol)の、THF(5ml)、CH3CN(4ml)及びDMA(0.5ml)の混合物中溶液をアルゴン雰囲気下で撹拌した。該混合物に、POCl3(80μL)、DIPEA(150μL)及びDMAP(3mg)を順に加えた。2時間の撹拌後、TLC及びHPLC両方の分析からDC1−SMeが完全に消費されたことが示された。pH4.0の1.0M NaH2PO4水溶液(2ml)を加え、混合物を一晩撹拌した。該混合物をH3PO4でさらに酸性化してpH2.0にし、NaClで飽和し、THF/EtOAc(1:1、6×15ml)で抽出した。有機層を分離し、濃縮し、残渣をTHF/H2O/CH3OHで再結晶化して47mg(84%)の標記化合物(DC4−SMe)を得た。
(S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−(ホスホノキシ)−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メルカプト−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド(4a)(DC4)の製造
TCEP(30mg、0.104mmol)の2mlH2O中溶液をNaHCO3粉末の添加によってpH6.5〜7.0に調整した。該溶液に3mlのDMA/H2O(1:1)中DC4−SMe(26mg、0.034mmol)を加えた。アルゴン下で2時間撹拌した後、数滴の10%H3PO4を加えてpH2.0にした。次に、該混合物をDMA/EtOAc(1:5、6×10ml)で抽出した。有機層を合わせ、蒸発させ、分取用HPLC(C18カラム、20×250mm、流速=8.0ml/分、移動相:A:H2O中0.01%HOAc、B:CH3CN中2%DMA;タイムテーブル:0−10’、5%B;20’まで、20%B;50’まで、50%B)により精製した。DC4のピークは30〜38分に溶出された。DC4含有画分をプールし、濃縮し、真空下で乾燥させて22mg(89%)の標記化合物4aを得た。
(S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−(ジベンジルホスホノキシ)−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メチルジチオ−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド(4c)(DC4−SMe ジベンジルホスフェート)の製造
DC1−SMe(50mg、0.073mmol)の10mlTHF/CH3CN(1:1)中溶液にアルゴン下で、CCl4(100μL、1.036mmol)、DIPEA(55μL、0.316mmol)、ジベンジルホスファイト(100μL、0.452mmol)及びDMAP(0.2mg、0.0016mmol)を順に加えた。アルゴン下で一晩撹拌後、TLC分析によれば反応は完了したようで、Rf=0.37(1:2のアセトン/トルエン中)を有する新生成物が形成された。混合物を5mlの1.0M NaH2PO4(pH4.0)及びEtOAc(10mL)で希釈した。有機層を分離し、水溶液をTHF/EtOAc(1:1、4×15ml)で抽出した。有機層を合わせ、MgSO4上で乾燥、ろ過、蒸発及びシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーでアセトン/トルエン(3:7)で溶離して精製し、62mg(89%)の標記化合物4cを得た。
フラスコに4c(20mg、0.021mmol)を入れ、Pd/C(15mg)、氷酢酸(100μl)及びDMA(4ml)で処理した。系を真空吸引で真空排気し、次いで水素充填バルーンを通じて水素下で一晩撹拌した。触媒をろ過除去し、溶媒を蒸発させ、残渣を前述のような分取用HPLCで精製して6mg(39%)のDC4(4a)を得た。MS m/z 716.48(M−H)-、717.48、718.50。
(S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−ヒドロキシ−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−ニトロ−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド(DC0、10a)の製造
5−ヒドロキシ−3−アミノ−1−[S]−(クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール塩酸塩[seco−(−)CBI、20mg、0.72mmol]及び5−[5’−ニトロインドール−2’−イル−カルボニルアミノ]インドール−2−カルボン酸(9、25mg、0.068mmol)のDMA(3mL)中溶液に、アルゴン下でEDC(40mg、0.20mmol)を加えた。一晩撹拌後、数滴の50%HOAcを加え、混合物を蒸発乾固して分取用シリカゲルTLCクロマトグラフィー(トルエン中40%アセトン)で精製して25mgのDC0(10a)を得た。
(S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−ヒドロキシ−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メチルジチオ−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド、DC1SMe(1b)の製造
フラスコに、10a(10mg、0.017mmol)、Pd/C(10mg)、HCl(濃、3μl)及びDMA(2.5ml)を入れた。空気を排気した後、水素バルーンによって水素を一晩導入した。触媒をろ過除去し、溶媒を蒸発させて10bを褐色固体として得た。該固体化合物はこれ以上精製せずにそのまま使用した。
(S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−ヒドロキシ−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(15”−メチルジチオ−4”,7”,10”,13”−テトラオキサペンタデシル−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド(DC5−SMe)の製造
10b(50mg、0.091mmol)のDMA(5mL)中溶液に、15”−メチルジチオ−4”,7”,10”,13”−テトラオキサペンタデカン酸(33mg、0.100mmol)及びEDC(88mg、0.459mmol)をアルゴン下で加えた。一晩撹拌後、2滴の50%HOAcを混合物に加え、該混合物を蒸発乾固し、シリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(トルエン中30%アセトン)で精製してDC5−SMeを得た。
本発明をその特定の態様について詳細に説明してきたが、本発明の精神及び範囲から離れることなく多様な変形が可能であることは当業者には明白であろう。
Claims (28)
- CC−1065の類似体を含むプロドラッグであって、該分子のアルキル化部分のフェノール基は保護されており、前記プロドラッグは、前記プロドラッグを細胞結合因子に複合させることができるリンカーをさらに含むプロドラッグ。
- 前記リンカーが、チオール又はジスルフィド結合を含む、請求項1に記載のプロドラッグ。
- 前記保護基が、前記プロドラッグの水溶性を増大させる、請求項1に記載のプロドラッグ。
- 前記保護基が、ピペラジノカルバメート、4−ピペリジノ−ピペリジノカルバメート及びホスフェートからなる群から選ばれる、請求項3に記載のプロドラッグ。
- 前記リンカーが、式−(−O(CH2)2)n−[式中、nは2〜1000の整数]のポリエチレングリコールを含む、請求項1に記載のプロドラッグ。
- 請求項1のプロドラッグ及び製薬学的に許容しうる担体を含む組成物。
- seco−シクロプロパベンズインドール含有細胞毒性薬の類似体を含むプロドラッグであって、式(I)の第一のサブユニットと式(II)、(III)、(IV)、(V)、(VI)、(VII)、(VIII)又は(IX)の第二のサブユニットが、第一のサブユニットのピロール部分の第二級アミノ基から第二のサブユニットのC−2カルボキシルへのアミド結合を介して共有結合して形成された類似体からなる群から選ばれ、
式(I)は次の通りであり:
- Rがチオール又はジスルフィド結合を含む、請求項7に記載のプロドラッグ。
- R1〜R6が水素である、請求項7に記載のプロドラッグ。
- R7が、ピペラジノカルバメート、4−ピペリジノ−ピペリジノカルバメート及びホスフェートからなる群から選ばれる、請求項7に記載のプロドラッグ。
- Rが、ジスルフィド結合を介して該プロドラッグの細胞結合因子への連結を可能にする部分を表す、請求項10に記載のプロドラッグ。
- 前記第二のサブユニットが式(II)で表され、式中、R1〜R6が水素である、請求項10に記載のプロドラッグ。
- (S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−[(4−メチルピペラジノ)カルボニルオキシ]−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メチルジチオ−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド、又はその塩もしくは異性体である、請求項12に記載のプロドラッグ。
- (S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−[(4−メチルピペラジノ)カルボニルオキシ]−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メルカプト−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド、又はその塩もしくは異性体である、請求項12に記載のプロドラッグ。
- (S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−[(4−ピペリジノ−ピペリジノ)カルボニルオキシ]−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メチルジチオ−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド、又はその塩もしくは異性体である、請求項12に記載のプロドラッグ。
- (S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−[(4−ピペリジノ−ピペリジノ)カルボニルオキシ]−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メルカプト−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド、又はその塩もしくは異性体である、請求項12に記載のプロドラッグ。
- (S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−(ホスホノキシ)−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メチルジチオ−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド、又はその塩もしくは異性体である、請求項12に記載のプロドラッグ。
- (S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−(ホスホノキシ)−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メルカプト−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド、又はその塩もしくは異性体である、請求項12に記載のプロドラッグ。
- (S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−(ジベンジルホスホノキシ)−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メチルジチオ−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド、又はその塩もしくは異性体である、請求項12に記載のプロドラッグ。
- (S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−ヒドロキシ−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−ニトロ−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド、又はその塩もしくは異性体である、請求項12に記載のプロドラッグ。
- (S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−ヒドロキシ−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(3−メチルジチオ−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド、又はその塩もしくは異性体である、請求項12に記載のプロドラッグ。
- (S)−N−[2−{(1−クロロメチル)−1,2−ジヒドロ−5−ヒドロキシ−3H−ベンズ(e)インドール−3−イル}カルボニル]−1H−インドール−5−イル]−5−[(15”−メチルジチオ−4”,7”,10”,13”−テトラオキサペンタデシル−1−オキソプロピル)−アミノ]−1H−インドール−2−カルボキサミド、又はその塩もしくは異性体である、請求項12に記載のプロドラッグ。
- 請求項1又は請求項7の一つ以上のプロドラッグに連結された細胞結合因子を含むプロドラッグ複合体。
- 前記細胞結合因子が抗体又はそのフラグメントである、請求項23に記載のプロドラッグ複合体。
- 請求項7のプロドラッグ及び製薬学的に許容しうる担体を含む組成物。
- 患者の治療法であって、その必要のある患者に有効量の請求項6又は25の組成物を投与することを含む方法。
- 患者の治療法であって、その必要のある患者に有効量の請求項24のプロドラッグ複合体を投与することを含む方法。
- 前記リンカーが、式−(−O(CH2)2)n−[式中、nは2〜1000の整数]のポリエチレングリコールを含む、請求項7に記載のプロドラッグ。
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EP1492526A2 (en) | 2005-01-05 |
US20080260685A1 (en) | 2008-10-23 |
WO2003086318A3 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
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AU2003218062B2 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
US20040109867A1 (en) | 2004-06-10 |
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US7906545B2 (en) | 2011-03-15 |
US7049316B2 (en) | 2006-05-23 |
US7388026B2 (en) | 2008-06-17 |
US20060009462A1 (en) | 2006-01-12 |
CA2480759A1 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
EP1492526A4 (en) | 2007-03-14 |
DK1492526T3 (da) | 2010-10-11 |
DE60333000D1 (de) | 2010-07-29 |
US20110008373A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
ATE471161T1 (de) | 2010-07-15 |
AU2003218062A1 (en) | 2003-10-27 |
EP1492526B1 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
WO2003086318A2 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
JP2010229151A (ja) | 2010-10-14 |
AU2003218062C1 (en) | 2010-02-18 |
US7655660B2 (en) | 2010-02-02 |
US20070135346A1 (en) | 2007-06-14 |
US20090281158A1 (en) | 2009-11-12 |
US6756397B2 (en) | 2004-06-29 |
US20030199519A1 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
EP2238988A1 (en) | 2010-10-13 |
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