JP2005527092A - 連続した電気経路を持つ炭素繊維強化プラスチック双極板 - Google Patents

連続した電気経路を持つ炭素繊維強化プラスチック双極板 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2005527092A
JP2005527092A JP2004508435A JP2004508435A JP2005527092A JP 2005527092 A JP2005527092 A JP 2005527092A JP 2004508435 A JP2004508435 A JP 2004508435A JP 2004508435 A JP2004508435 A JP 2004508435A JP 2005527092 A JP2005527092 A JP 2005527092A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fibers
article
group
mat
woven
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2004508435A
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2005527092A5 (enExample
Inventor
レコスタオウエク・ジーン−フランコイス
Original Assignee
アルバニー インターナショナル テクニウェイブ インコーポレイテッド
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by アルバニー インターナショナル テクニウェイブ インコーポレイテッド filed Critical アルバニー インターナショナル テクニウェイブ インコーポレイテッド
Publication of JP2005527092A publication Critical patent/JP2005527092A/ja
Publication of JP2005527092A5 publication Critical patent/JP2005527092A5/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0221Organic resins; Organic polymers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/86Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/8605Porous electrodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0213Gas-impermeable carbon-containing materials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0223Composites
    • H01M8/0226Composites in the form of mixtures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H01M8/0263Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
JP2004508435A 2002-05-23 2003-04-25 連続した電気経路を持つ炭素繊維強化プラスチック双極板 Pending JP2005527092A (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/155,469 US20030219646A1 (en) 2002-05-23 2002-05-23 Carbon fiber reinforced plastic bipolar plates with continuous electrical pathways
PCT/US2003/012856 WO2003100892A1 (en) 2002-05-23 2003-04-25 Carbon fiber reinforced plastic bipolar plates with continuous electrical pathways

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2005527092A true JP2005527092A (ja) 2005-09-08
JP2005527092A5 JP2005527092A5 (enExample) 2006-06-01

Family

ID=29549071

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2004508435A Pending JP2005527092A (ja) 2002-05-23 2003-04-25 連続した電気経路を持つ炭素繊維強化プラスチック双極板

Country Status (18)

Country Link
US (1) US20030219646A1 (enExample)
EP (1) EP1506585B1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP2005527092A (enExample)
KR (1) KR20050004204A (enExample)
CN (1) CN100334760C (enExample)
AT (1) ATE343854T1 (enExample)
AU (1) AU2003239177B2 (enExample)
BR (1) BR0311235A (enExample)
CA (1) CA2486694A1 (enExample)
DE (1) DE60309312T2 (enExample)
DK (1) DK1506585T3 (enExample)
ES (1) ES2274241T3 (enExample)
MX (1) MXPA04011601A (enExample)
NO (1) NO20045569L (enExample)
NZ (1) NZ536520A (enExample)
RU (1) RU2316851C2 (enExample)
WO (1) WO2003100892A1 (enExample)
ZA (1) ZA200409029B (enExample)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006156001A (ja) * 2004-11-26 2006-06-15 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd 燃料電池用ガス拡散層及びその製造方法
JP2015516107A (ja) * 2012-05-03 2015-06-04 インペリアル・イノベ−ションズ・リミテッド 燃料電池

Families Citing this family (42)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050202296A1 (en) * 2001-02-15 2005-09-15 Integral Technologies, Inc. Low cost fuel cell bipolar plates manufactured from conductive loaded resin-based materials
US8333909B2 (en) 2003-04-09 2012-12-18 Bac2 Limited Conductive polymer, conductive polymer compositions and methods for their use
EP1609200A1 (en) 2003-04-09 2005-12-28 MURRAY, Graham Simpson Conductive polymer, conductive polymer compositions and their use
US20060147780A1 (en) * 2003-05-08 2006-07-06 Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc. Method for producing separator for fuel cell, separator for fuel cell and fuel cell
US20050136317A1 (en) * 2003-12-19 2005-06-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Molded multi-part flow field structure
JP4529439B2 (ja) * 2003-12-26 2010-08-25 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料電池の製造方法と製造装置
US20050242471A1 (en) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-03 Bhatt Sanjiv M Methods for continuously producing shaped articles
WO2006072923A1 (en) * 2005-01-10 2006-07-13 Dana Corporation In-situ molding of fuel cell separator plate reinforcement
WO2006099736A1 (en) 2005-03-24 2006-09-28 Soleno Textiles Techniques Inc. Electrically conductive non-woven fabric
US20100189990A1 (en) * 2007-09-19 2010-07-29 Breault Richard D High thermal conductivity electrode substrate
RU2491302C2 (ru) * 2008-10-13 2013-08-27 Закрытое акционерное общество "Макполимер" Электропроводный композиционный материал на основе полипропилена и глобулярного углеродного нанонаполнителя
DE102008056421B4 (de) 2008-11-07 2024-01-11 Cellcentric Gmbh & Co. Kg Separatorplatte für eine Brennstoffzelle mit einer Elektrolytmembran
FR2959064B1 (fr) * 2010-04-20 2013-01-11 Commissariat Energie Atomique Couche de diffusion d'un dispositif electrochimique et procede de realisation d'une telle couche de diffusion
US9362560B2 (en) 2011-03-08 2016-06-07 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Silicate cathode for use in lithium ion batteries
US9281515B2 (en) * 2011-03-08 2016-03-08 Gholam-Abbas Nazri Lithium battery with silicon-based anode and silicate-based cathode
RU2482575C2 (ru) * 2011-08-03 2013-05-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет технологии и дизайна" Материал для углеродного электрода
RU2482574C2 (ru) * 2011-08-03 2013-05-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет технологии и дизайна" Материал для углеродного электрода
US8597817B2 (en) 2011-09-09 2013-12-03 East Penn Manufacturing Co., Inc. Bipolar battery and plate
US9634319B2 (en) 2011-09-09 2017-04-25 East Penn Manufacturing Co., Inc. Bipolar battery and plate
US9941546B2 (en) 2011-09-09 2018-04-10 East Penn Manufacturing Co., Inc. Bipolar battery and plate
AT513319B1 (de) * 2012-08-24 2017-03-15 Universität Innsbruck Elektrode für elektrochemische Zelle
DE102015202821A1 (de) 2015-02-17 2016-08-18 Röchling Automotive SE & Co. KG Bipolarplatte
DE102015203684A1 (de) 2015-03-02 2016-09-08 Volkswagen Ag Bipolarplatte mit adhäsiv unterstützten Bipolarplattenregionen
US9887401B2 (en) * 2015-08-21 2018-02-06 The Boeing Company Battery assembly, battery containment apparatus, and related methods of manufacture
EP3638736A4 (en) 2017-06-15 2021-03-10 Arkema, Inc. PRODUCTION OF SEMI-CRYSTALLINE PARTS FROM PSEUDO-AMORPHIC POLYMERS
AR114457A1 (es) 2018-03-28 2020-09-09 Zoltek Corp Adhesivo eléctricamente conductivo
CN110437589A (zh) * 2018-05-06 2019-11-12 祝飞 一种用于燃料电池双极板的碳纤维复合材料及其制备方法
KR102129484B1 (ko) * 2018-07-03 2020-07-02 주식회사씨앤에프 박형 레독스 흐름전지 전극 제조방법
KR102068999B1 (ko) * 2018-07-03 2020-01-22 주식회사씨앤에프 균일 전도성 바이폴라 플레이트 제조방법
WO2020218418A1 (ja) * 2019-04-24 2020-10-29 住友電気工業株式会社 双極板、電池セル、セルスタック、及びレドックスフロー電池
CN111933963B (zh) * 2020-09-11 2021-04-13 杭州德海艾科能源科技有限公司 一种钒电池拼接石墨双极板
CN112474964B (zh) * 2020-11-12 2022-10-25 南京工程学院 一种基于正负压辅助成形的双极板制造装置和方法
CN112430116A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-03-02 西安美兰德新材料有限责任公司 一种碳/碳复合材料pecvd承载框的制备方法
CN112952132B (zh) * 2021-03-23 2022-05-27 中国科学院化学研究所 一种pem燃料电池、碳-碳复合材料双极板及其制备方法
CN113839061A (zh) * 2021-11-30 2021-12-24 北京理工大学深圳汽车研究院(电动车辆国家工程实验室深圳研究院) 一种用于制备燃料电池双极板的复合材料及其应用
WO2023191661A1 (ru) * 2022-03-28 2023-10-05 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Эластокарб Технолоджис" Композитный материал для изготовления пластин электрохимических ячеек
CN114976097B (zh) * 2022-04-22 2024-02-27 同济大学 一种燃料电池用分层式复合石墨极板及其制备方法
USD1090467S1 (en) * 2022-08-26 2025-08-26 North-West University Bipolar plate
WO2024051879A1 (de) 2022-09-09 2024-03-14 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Bipolarplatten-herstellungsverfahren, bipolarplatte und elektrochemische zelle
DE102023118897A1 (de) 2022-09-09 2024-03-14 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Bipolarplatten-Herstellungsverfahren, Bipolarplatte und elektrochemische Zelle
WO2025014812A2 (en) * 2023-07-07 2025-01-16 Supernal, Llc Needling and welding systems, methods, and devices
CN116779892A (zh) * 2023-07-11 2023-09-19 深圳市氢瑞燃料电池科技有限公司 一种碳纤维石墨复合双极板及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4005183A (en) * 1972-03-30 1977-01-25 Union Carbide Corporation High modulus, high strength carbon fibers produced from mesophase pitch
US4339322A (en) * 1980-04-21 1982-07-13 General Electric Company Carbon fiber reinforced fluorocarbon-graphite bipolar current collector-separator
US4865931A (en) * 1983-12-05 1989-09-12 The Dow Chemical Company Secondary electrical energy storage device and electrode therefor
WO1986007495A1 (en) * 1985-06-04 1986-12-18 The Dow Chemical Company Rechargeable secondary battery
US4758473A (en) * 1986-11-20 1988-07-19 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Stable carbon-plastic electrodes and method of preparation thereof
US5141828A (en) * 1990-05-14 1992-08-25 Brigham Young University Electrochemical system using bipolar electrode
JPH0497948A (ja) * 1990-08-16 1992-03-30 Showa Denko Kk 多孔質炭素板及びその製造法
US5393617A (en) * 1993-10-08 1995-02-28 Electro Energy, Inc. Bipolar electrochmeical battery of stacked wafer cells
US5532083A (en) * 1994-07-26 1996-07-02 Mccullough; Francis P. Flexible carbon fiber electrode with low modulus and high electrical conductivity, battery employing the carbon fiber electrode, and method of manufacture
US5654059A (en) * 1994-08-05 1997-08-05 Amoco Corporation Fiber-reinforced carbon and graphite articles and method for the production thereof
US5556627A (en) * 1994-10-12 1996-09-17 Bipolar Technologies, Inc. Bipolar battery cells, batteries and methods
US5582937A (en) * 1994-10-12 1996-12-10 Bipolar Technologies, Inc. Bipolar battery cells, batteries and methods
AU2124495A (en) * 1994-10-12 1996-05-06 Bipolar Technologies Corporation Bipolar battery cells, batteries, and methods
US5705259A (en) * 1994-11-17 1998-01-06 Globe-Union Inc. Method of using a bipolar electrochemical storage device
JP3712768B2 (ja) * 1995-01-26 2005-11-02 松下電器産業株式会社 固体高分子型燃料電池の製造法
JPH097948A (ja) * 1995-06-21 1997-01-10 Anelva Corp 分子線の生成方法および分子線セル
US5688615A (en) * 1995-11-03 1997-11-18 Globe-Union, Inc. Bipolar battery and method of making same
US6037073A (en) * 1996-10-15 2000-03-14 Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation Bipolar plate/diffuser for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell
US5840414A (en) * 1996-11-15 1998-11-24 International Fuel Cells, Inc. Porous carbon body with increased wettability by water
US5885728A (en) * 1997-04-04 1999-03-23 Ucar Carbon Technology Corporation Flexible graphite composite
US5942347A (en) * 1997-05-20 1999-08-24 Institute Of Gas Technology Proton exchange membrane fuel cell separator plate
US5798188A (en) * 1997-06-25 1998-08-25 E. I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell with bipolar plate having molded polymer projections
JPH11204114A (ja) * 1998-01-20 1999-07-30 Daikin Ind Ltd 電極材料
US6248467B1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2001-06-19 The Regents Of The University Of California Composite bipolar plate for electrochemical cells
CA2343246C (en) * 1999-07-07 2011-03-15 Sgl Carbon Ag Electrode substrate for electrochemical cells based on low-cost manufacturing processes
US6511766B1 (en) * 2000-06-08 2003-01-28 Materials And Electrochemical Research (Mer) Corporation Low cost molded plastic fuel cell separator plate with conductive elements
CA2417247C (en) * 2000-07-26 2010-05-04 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Carbon-matrix composites, compositions and methods related thereto
US6503856B1 (en) * 2000-12-05 2003-01-07 Hexcel Corporation Carbon fiber sheet materials and methods of making and using the same
US6783702B2 (en) * 2001-07-11 2004-08-31 Hyperion Catalysis International, Inc. Polyvinylidene fluoride composites and methods for preparing same
US6528572B1 (en) * 2001-09-14 2003-03-04 General Electric Company Conductive polymer compositions and methods of manufacture thereof
US6783851B2 (en) * 2002-08-07 2004-08-31 Albany International Techniweave, Inc. Pitch based graphite fabrics and needled punched felts for fuel cell gas diffusion layer substrates and high thermal conductivity reinforced composites

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006156001A (ja) * 2004-11-26 2006-06-15 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd 燃料電池用ガス拡散層及びその製造方法
JP2015516107A (ja) * 2012-05-03 2015-06-04 インペリアル・イノベ−ションズ・リミテッド 燃料電池
US10483583B2 (en) 2012-05-03 2019-11-19 Imperial Innovations Limited Fuel cell

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003239177A1 (en) 2003-12-12
WO2003100892A1 (en) 2003-12-04
MXPA04011601A (es) 2005-07-27
CA2486694A1 (en) 2003-12-04
EP1506585B1 (en) 2006-10-25
CN100334760C (zh) 2007-08-29
US20030219646A1 (en) 2003-11-27
DE60309312D1 (de) 2006-12-07
AU2003239177B2 (en) 2008-01-10
EP1506585A1 (en) 2005-02-16
ES2274241T3 (es) 2007-05-16
RU2004137659A (ru) 2005-06-27
RU2316851C2 (ru) 2008-02-10
BR0311235A (pt) 2005-03-15
DE60309312T2 (de) 2007-05-24
KR20050004204A (ko) 2005-01-12
DK1506585T3 (da) 2007-02-26
NO20045569L (no) 2004-12-21
CN1656635A (zh) 2005-08-17
ATE343854T1 (de) 2006-11-15
ZA200409029B (en) 2006-04-26
NZ536520A (en) 2007-06-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP2005527092A (ja) 連続した電気経路を持つ炭素繊維強化プラスチック双極板
JP2005527092A5 (enExample)
US8865040B2 (en) Highly conductive composites for fuel cell flow field plates and bipolar plates
US12034187B2 (en) Carbon substrate comprising carbon fibers unidirectionally aligned, and gas diffusion layer employing same
KR101371337B1 (ko) 연료전지용 탄소섬유 직물 분리판 및 그 제조 방법
EP1116293B1 (en) Water transport plate and method of using same
GB2185247A (en) Electrode substrate for fuel cell
US6187466B1 (en) Fuel cell with water capillary edge seal
EP0692148B1 (en) Laminated electrolyte reservoir plate
US20060084750A1 (en) Compression moldable composite bipolar plates with high through-plane conductivity
US20240408841A1 (en) Sandwich structure and manufacturing method thereof, and electronic device housing
US20080116609A1 (en) In-Situ Molding Of Fuel Cell Separator Plate Reinforcement
JP2007172996A (ja) 流体配流板および流体配流板の製造方法
JP2007042326A (ja) 燃料電池用セパレータ及びその製造方法
KR101932424B1 (ko) 연료전지 분리판용 복합재, 연료전지 분리판 및 이의 제조방법
JPH01266223A (ja) 異方性多孔質炭素成形体の製造方法
KR101692859B1 (ko) 적층형 연료 전지 분리판 형성방법 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 연료 전지용 분리판과 연료 전지
JP2025099259A (ja) 炭素繊維-樹脂複合シート
JP2007042327A (ja) 燃料電池用セパレータ及びその製造方法
JP2002063913A (ja) 固体高分子型燃料電池用セパレータおよびその製造方法
JPS61291459A (ja) 炭素繊維布帛成形板の製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20060410

A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20060410

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20091023

A02 Decision of refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02

Effective date: 20100325