JP2005298580A - 精油抽出方法 - Google Patents
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- JP2005298580A JP2005298580A JP2004113587A JP2004113587A JP2005298580A JP 2005298580 A JP2005298580 A JP 2005298580A JP 2004113587 A JP2004113587 A JP 2004113587A JP 2004113587 A JP2004113587 A JP 2004113587A JP 2005298580 A JP2005298580 A JP 2005298580A
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Abstract
【解決手段】 果実の搾汁後の残滓に酸処理を施して、常圧または減圧水蒸気蒸留法で残滓から精油を抽出する。
【選択図】 なし
Description
精油抽出の対象果実として、柑橘系果実である柚子を使用した。この柚子を搾汁した後に残存する果皮や種子等の残滓を精油抽出の試料(原料)とした。
比較例1:前処理を行わない精油抽出(無処理)
酸処理(SHMP)を行わず、また酵素処理も行なわない無処理、つまり粉砕処理(ホモジネート)のみの場合の精油抽出をコントロールとし、精油含量測定試料とした。測定結果は、表1に示した。なお、精油抽出の本工程は、実施例1と同様に常圧水蒸気蒸留法で行った。
比較例2:前処理として酵素を利用した精油抽出(酵素処理)
残滓の酵素処理には、ペクチナーゼ3S(E-1)(ヤクルト薬品工業株式会社)、ペクチナーゼHL(E-2)(ヤクルト薬品工業株式会社)およびマセロチームA(E-3)(ヤクルト薬品工業株式会社)の3種類の酵素製剤を使用した。
実施例2:超音波処理と減圧水蒸気蒸留による精油抽出(超音波蒸留)
(1)精油抽出
実施例2における精油抽出の本工程は、定法にしたがって減圧水蒸気蒸留法で行った。残滓(柚子果皮)250gと水750gを粉砕処理(ホモジネート)し、2L容の丸底フラスコに入れ、42℃で超音波を印加しつつ減圧蒸留(20-30 mmHg)した。超音波発生装置は、超音波洗浄機(UT-205HS;シャープ株式会社)を用いて、発振周波数35 kHzで行った。蒸留液は、-40℃で捕集した。蒸留液を分液ロートに移し、塩化ナトリウム50 gを加えてよく振盪し、低温室で一晩放置した後、上層の精油を取り秤量した。結果は、表2に示した。
(2)精油分析
精油含量測定装置は、日本薬局方一般分析法における公定分析用の精油定量装置(柴田科学株式会社)を使用した。試料は、果汁の場合は250g、残滓の場合は残滓50gと水200gの混合試料をそれぞれ粉砕(ホモジネート)とした。次に、1L容の丸底フラスコに沸騰石を入れ、電気マッフルを用いて(40 Vに調整)2.5時間、加熱沸騰させた。そして、ビューレットに流出した精油を分離し秤量した。
比較例3:減圧水蒸気蒸留のみによる精油抽出(通常蒸留)
(1)精油抽出
精油抽出の工程は、超音波処理は行なわずに減圧水蒸気蒸留法のみで行った。減圧水蒸気蒸留法は、実施例2(1)と同様に定法にしたがって行い、その結果を表2に示した。
(2)精油分析
精油分析については、実施例2(2)と同様の方法で行った。その結果を表3にて示し、実施例2の結果と比較した。
実施例3:酸処理および超音波処理による精油抽出(酸処理+超音波処理)
柚子の残滓(果皮残滓)を試料として用いて、精油の抽出を酸処理および超音波処理を利用して行なった。酸処理は、ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウム水溶液で果皮残滓を実施例1と同様に処理した。その後、実施例2(1)と同様に超音波をかけながら減圧水蒸気蒸留(超音波蒸留)をすることによって精油を抽出して得た。
比較例4:酵素処理および超音波処理による精油抽出(酵素処理+超音波処理)
実施例3の比較実験として、柚子の残滓(果皮残滓)から、精油の抽出を酵素処理および超音波処理を利用して行なった。
2 ペクチン
3 ヘミセルロース
4 精油
Claims (5)
- 果実の搾汁後の残滓に酸処理を施して、常圧または減圧の水蒸気蒸留で残滓から精油を抽出することを特徴とする精油抽出方法。
- 果実の搾汁後の残滓に超音波を印加しつつ、常圧または減圧の水蒸気蒸留で残滓から精油を抽出することを特徴とする精油抽出方法。
- 果実の搾汁後の残滓に酸処理を施して、超音波処理を印加しつつ常圧または減圧の水蒸気蒸留を行うことで残滓から精油を抽出することを特徴とする精油抽出方法。
- 酸は、ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウム水溶液である請求項1または3記載の精油抽出方法。
- 果実は、柑橘系果実である請求項1から4いずれかに記載の精油抽出方法。
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JP2006089543A (ja) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-04-06 | Shiseido Co Ltd | 天然香料の製造方法 |
JP2007112892A (ja) * | 2005-10-20 | 2007-05-10 | Sakamoto Koryo Kk | 香酸カンキツ類の精油の製法 |
JP2010094607A (ja) * | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-30 | Kochi Univ | ペクチン含有廃水の浄化方法 |
CN102911514A (zh) * | 2012-08-23 | 2013-02-06 | 高伟 | 橘子皮提取色素的方法 |
CN102936425A (zh) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-20 | 江南大学 | 一种制备陈皮粉末植物染料的方法 |
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US10870866B2 (en) | 2015-09-25 | 2020-12-22 | Ajinomoto Co., Inc. | Method of producing linalool using a microorganism |
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JPH0260997A (ja) * | 1988-08-29 | 1990-03-01 | Mayekawa Mfg Co Ltd | ヒバ油等の抽出方法 |
JPH0873886A (ja) * | 1994-09-08 | 1996-03-19 | T Hasegawa Co Ltd | 良質で安定な香気回収物の製造方法 |
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