JP2005261396A - メイラード反応阻害剤 - Google Patents
メイラード反応阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005261396A JP2005261396A JP2004083185A JP2004083185A JP2005261396A JP 2005261396 A JP2005261396 A JP 2005261396A JP 2004083185 A JP2004083185 A JP 2004083185A JP 2004083185 A JP2004083185 A JP 2004083185A JP 2005261396 A JP2005261396 A JP 2005261396A
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- monosulfide
- maillard reaction
- compound
- reaction inhibitor
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Landscapes
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】本発明は、ネギ類植物精油成分に含まれるモノスルフィド化合物、またはネギ類植物のモノスルフィド化合物含有画分を有効成分として含有するメイラード反応阻害剤を提供する。
【選択図】なし
Description
(1) カルボニル化合物
代表的な素材としては、グルコース、ヒドロキシメチルフルフラール(HMF)、フルフラール、ヘキサナール、シトラール、シクロエキサノンなどが挙げられ、とくに2位または3位の位置に水酸基を有するアルデヒド(α、β−不飽和アルデヒド)は脱水すると、2−エナールを生成するので褐変しやすい。
グルコース、マンノース、フルクトース、ガラクトース、キシロース、アラビノース、リボースなど。これらの糖は、酸性条件下やアルカリ条件下で褐変しやすい物質に変化する。たとえば、グルコースを弱アルカリ条件下におくと、異性化がおこる。このとき、グルコースはフルクトースとマンノースの3つの混合物にかわるといわれているが、ほとんどの場合グルコースとフルクトースの混合物である。この変化は、1,2−エンジオールを通り、強アルカリ性では空気中の酸素と反応し、酸化分解が起こる。これらの糖は単独でも褐変を起こしやすいことが知られている(非特許文献2)。
レダクトンとはアスコルビン酸のように、2,6−ジクロルフェノールインドフェノール色素を還元して脱色するような還元力を示すエンジオール構造を有する化合物の総称である。
藤巻正生ら編、改訂新版食品化学、pp105-108、朝倉書店(1976) 藤巻正生ら編、改訂新版食品化学、pp60、朝倉書店(1976) 早瀬文孝、加藤博通、油化学、38,865(1981) Jurdi-Haldeman,D.,Macneil,J.H.,&Yared,D.M.,J.Food Potec., 50,411(1987) Swales,S.,&Wedzicha,B.L.,Food add. Contam..9(5), 479-483 (1992)
項1 モノスルフィド化合物を有効成分として含有するメイラード反応阻害剤。
項2 モノスルフィド化合物が、メチル基、プロピル基、アリル基、及びイソプロピル基より選択される少なくとも1つの官能基を有するものである、項1記載のメイラード反応阻害剤。
項3 有効成分として、アリルプロピルモノスルフィド、メチルプロピルモノスルフィド、ジイソプロピルモノスルフィド、ジメチルモノスルフィド、アリルメチルモノスルフィド、ジプロピルモノスルフィド、及びジアリルモノスルフィドより選択される1または2以上のモノスルフィド化合物を含有するものである、項1または2に記載するメイラード反応阻害剤。
項4 モノスルフィド化合物がネギ類植物に由来するものである、項1乃至3のいずれかに記載するメイラード反応阻害剤。
項5 ネギ類植物のモノスルフィド化合物含有画分を有効成分として含有するものである、項1乃至4のいずれかに記載するメイラード反応阻害剤。
項6 上記モノスルフィド化合物含有画分が、ネギ類植物の精油画分である項5に記載するメイラード反応阻害剤。
項7 上記モノスルフィド化合物含有画分が、ネギ類植物を水、有機溶剤またはこれらの混合溶媒で抽出して得られるものである、項5または6に記載するメイラード反応阻害剤。
項8 項1乃至7のいずれか1項に記載のメイラード反応阻害剤を含有する食品処理剤。
カラム:Develosil C30-UG-5(150mm×φ4.6mm)
溶出液:A液)アセトニトリル、B液)水
0分 - A液30%/B液70%、70分 - A液30%/B液70%、75分 - A液100%/B液0%、80分 - A液30%/B液70%
流速:0.5ml/min
検出:210nm
(HPLC条件:分取用)
システム:Waters社Delta Prep 4000
カラム:Develosil C30-UG-5(250mm×φ20mm)
溶出液:A液)アセトニトリル、B液)水
0分 - A液30%/B液70%、140分 - A液30%/B液70%、150分 - A液100%/B液0%、160分 - A液30%/B液70%
流速:12.0ml/min
検出:210nm。
生タマネギ1600gを水洗後、カッターで粉砕し、これをろ布でろ過して、約400gの微淡黄色清澄なタマネギ搾汁を得た(タマネギ粉砕物1600g使用)。この調製したタマネギ搾汁のうち190ml(タマネギ760g分)に、95容量%エタノール(含水エタノール)60mlを添加して混合した(タマネギ(760g):含水エタノール(60ml)=38:3)。調製したタマネギ含有エタノール溶液250mlを、超臨界抽出システムの抽出槽に充填し、圧力17.5MPa及び温度50℃に調整した超臨界状態の二酸化炭素700Lを導入した。二酸化炭素導入後、25分間そのままの状態で保持し、次いで抽出槽を温度調節しつつ圧力調整バルブを用いて開放して、二酸化炭素を分離槽に放出して、タマネギ超臨界CO2抽出物50gをサンプル採取口から採取した(タマネギ760g分)。得られた超臨界CO2抽出物の収率(使用した生タマネギの重量に対する超臨界CO2抽出物の重量比)は6.6%であった。これを、下記条件のGC−MS分析に供した。
機器: GC 3800(Varian社製)、MS Saturn2100T(Varian社製)
カラム:DB-5msitd(Micromass社製)、0.25mmi.d.×30m
注入量:1μl、split(100:1)
注入温度: 250℃
カラム温度:60℃(10分保持、10℃/min)→250℃(10分保持)
転送ライン温度:280℃
キャリアガス:ヘリウムガス
イオントラップ温度:220℃
イオン化電圧: 70eV
イオン化モード:EI+。
生タマネギ1600gを水洗後、カッターで8分割に粗く粉砕し、得られた粉砕物1kgに95容量%エタノール(含水エタノール)1kgを添加し浸漬した状態(タマネギ:含水エタノール=1:1(重量比))で、冷蔵庫(4℃)内に放置した。12時間後、浸漬処理物をろ紙でろ過し、ろ紙上に残ったタマネギ粉砕物(残渣)を除去して、タマネギ抽出液(濾液)1.8kgを得た。この抽出物を水蒸気蒸留方法によって濃縮した。濃縮した成分は精油を含んでおり、その中にモノスルフィドが含まれていることが、上記条件のGC−MS分析によって確認された(表1参照)。
Joegenらの報告書によれば、ソックスレー還流装置を用いて、アスパラギンをグルコースの存在下でメタノールを用いて還流すると、メイラード反応が生じることが報告されている(Joergen R. Pederson and Jim O.Olsson;Soxlet extraction of acrylamide from potato chips, Analyst,128,332-334,2003, Masaharu Tanaka, Yukio Yoneda, Yasuko Terada,Eri Endo and Tshihiro Yamada;Comment on "Soxlet extraction of acrylamide from potato chips" by J.R.Peserson and J.O.Olsson,Analyst,2003,128,322;Created using the RSG Communication template-see HYPERLINK "http://www.RSC.ORG/ELECTRONICFILES" www.RSC.ORG/ELECTRONICFILES FOR FURTHER DETAILS.)。
カラム :Shodex SUGAR SC1011(昭和電工社製、内径8mm×長さ300mm)
溶出液 :0.1mM 硫酸カルシウム(pH6.0)
流速 :1ml/min
検出器 :RI
カラムの温度:80℃
注入量 :10μL。
実施例3(1)と同様の方法にて、ジイソプロピルモノスルフィド以外のモノスルフィド化合物(ジイソプロピルモノスルフィド、ジメチルモノスルフィド)についてメイラード反応に対する抑制効果を検討した。
グルコースやフルクトースなどの糖に炭酸水素ナトリウムなどのアルカリまたは緩衝液(例えば、pH5.5など)を添加し、この混合液を加熱することで褐変することが知られている(Swales、S.ら、Food Add.& Contam.,9(5),479-483(1992))。また、アルカリ条件によって、グルコースが一部フルクトースに変化し、加熱することで褐変が進行することが報告されている(藤巻正生ら編、改訂新版食品化学、pp105-108、朝倉書店(1976))。
(1) 添加区における褐変物質1,2,3の合計数量は、無添加区に比して少ない。
(2) 添加区におけるグルコースとフルクトースの合計量は、無添加区に比して少ない(なお、グルコースはアルカリ条件下でフルクトースを生成する)。
(3) モノスルフィド化合物添加区の中でもジイソプロピルモノスルフィド添加区及びジプロピルモノスルフィド添加区ではフルクトースの生成が認められない。メチルプロピルモノスルフィド添加区ではフルクトースの生成が認められる、その生成量は添加区、並びにジスルフィド化合物添加区及びトリスルフィド化合物添加区におけるフルクトースの生成量より有意に少ない。
Claims (10)
- モノスルフィド化合物を有効成分として含有するメイラード反応阻害剤。
- モノスルフィド化合物が、メチル基、プロピル基、アリル基、及びイソプロピル基より選択される少なくとも1つの官能基を有するものである、請求項1記載のメイラード反応阻害剤。
- 有効成分として、アリルプロピルモノスルフィド、メチルプロピルモノスルフィド、ジイソプロピルモノスルフィド、ジメチルモノスルフィド、アリルメチルモノスルフィド、ジプロピルモノスルフィド、及びジアリルモノスルフィドより選択される1または2以上のモノスルフィド化合物を含有するものである、請求項1または2に記載するメイラード反応阻害剤。
- モノスルフィド化合物がネギ類植物に由来するものである、請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載するメイラード反応阻害剤。
- ネギ類植物のモノスルフィド化合物含有画分を有効成分として含有するものである、請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載するメイラード反応阻害剤。
- 上記モノスルフィド化合物含有画分が、ネギ類植物の精油画分である請求項5に記載するメイラード反応阻害剤。
- 上記モノスルフィド化合物含有画分が、ネギ類植物を水、有機溶剤またはこれらの混合溶媒で抽出して得られるものである、請求項5または6に記載するメイラード反応阻害剤。
- 請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項に記載のメイラード反応阻害剤を含有する食品処理剤。
- 請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項に記載のメイラード反応阻害剤を被験物質に適用する工程を含む、メイラード反応の阻害方法。
- 請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項に記載のメイラード反応阻害剤または請求項8に記載の食品処理剤を用いて処理されることにより、メイラード反応が抑制されてなる食品。
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JP2007261983A (ja) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-11 | National Agriculture & Food Research Organization | デオキシグルコソン生成抑制剤 |
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JP2007223990A (ja) * | 2006-02-27 | 2007-09-06 | Chikuno Shokuhin Kogyo Kk | 抗酸化組成物 |
JP2007261983A (ja) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-11 | National Agriculture & Food Research Organization | デオキシグルコソン生成抑制剤 |
JP2009143849A (ja) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-07-02 | Noevir Co Ltd | 抗老化剤、美白剤、抗酸化剤、抗炎症剤、及び保湿剤 |
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