JP2005100471A - スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサに於て命令をリタイアさせるシステム及び方法 - Google Patents
スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサに於て命令をリタイアさせるシステム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
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Abstract
【解決手段】 1つ以上の各命令に同時にアドレスを付与するスーパースカラーレジスタリネーミング回路と、命令をプログラム順序外で実行する複数の機能ユニットと、命令の実行結果をストアするバッファであって、各命令に付与されたアドレスが、実行結果をストアするバッファ内の位置を示すバッファと、リタイアされた命令の実行結果を提供するように参照される複数のアレイ位置を含むレジスタアレイと、実行された命令がリタイア可能か否かを決定するリタイアメント制御ブロックと、リタイア可能な命令群の各命令の実行結果をレジスタアレイ内のアレイ位置に同時に関連付けてリタイア可能な命令群を同時にリタイアさせる命令リタイアメントユニットを備えた1つ以上の命令をプログラム順序外で実行するように構成したものである。
【選択図】 図1
Description
下記のものは、所有権を同じくし、係属中の特許申請である:
*スパースケーラーRISC命令スケジューリング」、出願番号07/260,719、1991年3月31日に申請(Attorney Docket No.SPO35);
*「高性能RISCマイクロプロセサアーキテクチャ」、出願番号07/817,810、1992年1月8日申請(Attorney Docket No.SPO15)。
この方法によって命令実行速度がクロック速度を越えることが可能になる。1クロックサイクル当り多くの独立した命令を発したり、その実行を始めるプロセサはスーパースケーラープロセサとして知られている。
スーパースケーラーシステムではハードウェアは、1つのクロックサイクル中に独立した少数の命令を実行することが可能である。データ従属性、手続き従属性、又は資源に関する不一致がないかぎり1つのクロックサイクル中に複数の命令を実行することが可能である。そのような従属性又は不一致があるときには、命令列のうち最初のもののみが実行可能となる。その結果、スーパースケーラーアーキテクチャの複数の機能ユニットを十分に活用できなくなる。
このことにより、リオーダバッファは、より簡単な循環的にアドレスされるレジスタアレーではなく、真のFIFOとして実現されなくてはならない。
1.概要
本発明は、プログラムに対しては命令が元のプログラムの順序通り順番に実行されているようにみえるように、完了した命令をリタイアさせるシステム及び方法を提供する。本発明の方式は、順不同の命令の結果(プログラムの順序通り実行されていない命令の結果)をすべて、それ以前のすべての命令が例外なく宗了するまで、一時バッファに記憶することである。その後その結果は一時バッファから、公式な状態を表すレジスタアレーに転送される。
2.環境
図1は、順不同命令を発することが可能な、スーパースケーラ命令実行ユニット(IEU;Instruction Execution Unit)のブロックダイアグラムである。図1において、汎用レジスタを持ち、多重ポートを持つ2つのレジスタファイル102A、102Bがある。各レジスタファイル102は、5つの読み込みポート及び2つの書き込みポートを提供する。書き込みポートのそれぞれはサイクル当り2つの書き込みが可能である。一般的に、レジスタファイル102Aは整数データのみを保持するが、レジスタファイル102Bはフローティングポイント及び整数データの双方を保持する。
IEU制御ロジック200が行う他の機能は、どの命令を発行してもよいかを決定することである。命令発行器208は、適切な機能ユニット104に命令を発し実行させる。RRC204内の回路は、命令ウインドウ202中のどの命令が命令発行ができる状態にあるかを決定し、命令発行器208にビットマップを送り、どの命令が命令発行のできる状態にあるかを示す。
命令発行器208は、マルチプレクサ210に制御信号209を出力し、機能ユニット104にどの命令を送るべきかを伝える。「命令発行器208は、さらに制御信号211をマルチプレクサ212に送り、それが、その命令の結果を受け取るレジスタを構成するための適切なレジスタアドレスをそのレジスタに送れるよう、そのマルチプレクサを構成する。機能ユニット104の状況によって、命令発行器208は、ひとつのクロックサイクルに複数の命令を発してもよい。
3.実現法
図4は命令リタイアメントユニット400(IRU400と呼ぶ)の高水準ダイアグラムを示す。IRU400及びその機能は主にレジスタファイル102及びリタイアメント制御ブロック409(RCB;retirement control b1ock) に含まれている。図4に示すごとく、環境によって行われる機能も、適切な命令リタイアに極めて重要である。
リタイア制御ブロック409が保留命令より前の(プログラムの順序で)すべての命令が完了したという報告を受けると、リタイア制御ブロック409はその保留命令がリタイア可能と決定する。
4.本発明の追加的特徴
IRU200は他のユニットにもいつ命令がリタイアするかを通知する。
IRU200は、命令取り出しユニット(IFU;instruction fetch unit)にいつIRUがプロセサの状態を変更したかを通知する。このようにして、IFUはIEUIOOと一貫性を維持することができる。IFUに送られる状態情報は、プログラムカウンタを更新しIFUからさらに命令を要求するのに必要な情報である。上の例では、4つの命令がリタイアするとき、IFUはPCを4だけ進め、4つの命令のバケットをもうひとつ取り出すことが可能である。
Claims (2)
- 1以上の命令をプログラム順序不同に実行可能なスーパースケーラーマイクロプロセッサであって、
プログラム順序不同に実行された命令の実行結果を格納するバッファと、
命令の実行が完了した1以上の命令に対して実行完了であることを示す完了フラグを割り当てる完了フラグ割当部と、
命令の実行結果をプログラム順序で格納するレジスタアレイと、
命令が従属する命令が実行完了していると判定した場合には、前記バッファにおける、各命令の実行結果が格納される位置を一義的に示す情報を含むタグを前記レジスタアレイに出力するタグ発行部と、
前記完了フラグに基づいて、保留中の命令の実行が完了しているか否かを判定し、リタイア可能な場合には、リタイア可能な命令を同時にリタイアさせる命令リタイア制御部と
を備えるスーパースケーラーマイクロプロセッサ。 - 請求項1に記載のスーパースケーラーマイクロプロセッサと、
プログラム順序を有する命令をストアするように構成されたメモリとを備えたコンピュータシステム。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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US87745192A | 1992-05-01 | 1992-05-01 |
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JP2004343857A Division JP3788470B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2004-11-29 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサに於て命令をリタイアさせるシステム及び方法 |
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JP2005019696A Division JP3832487B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2005-01-27 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサに於て命令をリタイアさせるシステム及び方法 |
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JP2005100471A true JP2005100471A (ja) | 2005-04-14 |
JP3788472B2 JP3788472B2 (ja) | 2006-06-21 |
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JP51912893A Expired - Fee Related JP3637920B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 1993-04-27 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサに於て命令をリタイアさせるシステム及び方法 |
JP2004006069A Expired - Lifetime JP3675466B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2004-01-13 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサ |
JP2004343857A Expired - Fee Related JP3788470B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2004-11-29 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサに於て命令をリタイアさせるシステム及び方法 |
JP2004381020A Expired - Fee Related JP3788472B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2004-12-28 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサに於て命令をリタイアさせるシステム及び方法 |
JP2005019696A Expired - Lifetime JP3832487B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2005-01-27 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサに於て命令をリタイアさせるシステム及び方法 |
JP2005062265A Expired - Lifetime JP3781051B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2005-03-07 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサ |
JP2005109631A Expired - Lifetime JP3824006B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2005-04-06 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサ |
JP2005134892A Expired - Lifetime JP3818315B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2005-05-06 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサ |
JP2005165024A Expired - Lifetime JP3781052B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2005-06-06 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサ |
JP2006034741A Expired - Lifetime JP3858939B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2006-02-13 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサに於て命令をリタイアさせるシステム及び方法 |
JP2006112998A Expired - Fee Related JP3870973B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2006-04-17 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサ |
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JP51912893A Expired - Fee Related JP3637920B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 1993-04-27 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサに於て命令をリタイアさせるシステム及び方法 |
JP2004006069A Expired - Lifetime JP3675466B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2004-01-13 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサ |
JP2004343857A Expired - Fee Related JP3788470B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2004-11-29 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサに於て命令をリタイアさせるシステム及び方法 |
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JP2005019696A Expired - Lifetime JP3832487B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2005-01-27 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサに於て命令をリタイアさせるシステム及び方法 |
JP2005062265A Expired - Lifetime JP3781051B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2005-03-07 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサ |
JP2005109631A Expired - Lifetime JP3824006B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2005-04-06 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサ |
JP2005134892A Expired - Lifetime JP3818315B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2005-05-06 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサ |
JP2005165024A Expired - Lifetime JP3781052B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2005-06-06 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサ |
JP2006034741A Expired - Lifetime JP3858939B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2006-02-13 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサに於て命令をリタイアさせるシステム及び方法 |
JP2006112998A Expired - Fee Related JP3870973B2 (ja) | 1992-05-01 | 2006-04-17 | スーパースケーラマイクロプロセサ |
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US (8) | US6131157A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0638183B1 (ja) |
JP (11) | JP3637920B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR950701437A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69308548T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1993022722A1 (ja) |
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