HUT72267A - Extensible absorbent article having less extensible barriers - Google Patents
Extensible absorbent article having less extensible barriers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- HUT72267A HUT72267A HU9500187A HU9500187A HUT72267A HU T72267 A HUT72267 A HU T72267A HU 9500187 A HU9500187 A HU 9500187A HU 9500187 A HU9500187 A HU 9500187A HU T72267 A HUT72267 A HU T72267A
- Authority
- HU
- Hungary
- Prior art keywords
- absorbent article
- topsheet
- sanitary napkin
- extensible
- edges
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 110
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 title claims description 110
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 49
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 10
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 206010021639 Incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002175 menstrual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005906 menstruation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000344 non-irritating Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920013683 Celanese Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003821 menstrual periods Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004834 spray adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002303 tibia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003905 vulva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/531—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a homogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
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- A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
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- A61F13/472—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
- A61F13/475—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins characterised by edge leakage prevention means
- A61F13/4751—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins characterised by edge leakage prevention means the means preventing fluid flow in a transversal direction
- A61F13/4752—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins characterised by edge leakage prevention means the means preventing fluid flow in a transversal direction the means being an upstanding barrier
- A61F13/4753—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins characterised by edge leakage prevention means the means preventing fluid flow in a transversal direction the means being an upstanding barrier the barrier being not integral with the topsheet or backsheet
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2013/530007—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2013/530007—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp
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- A61F2013/530094—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres with mechanical pulp
- A61F2013/530109—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres with mechanical pulp with chemithermomechanical pulp
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530138—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp characterized by the fibre length
- A61F2013/530145—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp characterized by the fibre length being short
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530138—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp characterized by the fibre length
- A61F2013/530153—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp characterized by the fibre length being long
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/53016—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp having special shape
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/53016—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp having special shape
- A61F2013/530167—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp having special shape being crimped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530226—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp with polymeric fibres
- A61F2013/530255—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp with polymeric fibres being hydrophobic fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530226—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp with polymeric fibres
- A61F2013/530299—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp with polymeric fibres being hydrophilic fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530343—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres
- A61F2013/53035—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres of cotton
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530343—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres
- A61F2013/530357—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres of wool
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530343—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres
- A61F2013/530372—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres of ramie or jute or linen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/530489—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being randomly mixed in with other material
- A61F2013/530496—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being randomly mixed in with other material being fixed to fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/53051—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being only in particular parts or specially arranged
- A61F2013/530547—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being only in particular parts or specially arranged positioned in a separate layer or layers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/53051—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being only in particular parts or specially arranged
- A61F2013/530547—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being only in particular parts or specially arranged positioned in a separate layer or layers
- A61F2013/530554—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being only in particular parts or specially arranged positioned in a separate layer or layers and being fixed to a web
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/530569—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the particle size
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/530583—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the form
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/530583—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the form
- A61F2013/530613—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the form in fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530802—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the foam or sponge other than superabsorbent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530868—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the liquid distribution or transport means other than wicking layer
- A61F2013/530927—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the liquid distribution or transport means other than wicking layer having longitudinal barriers
- A61F2013/530934—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the liquid distribution or transport means other than wicking layer having longitudinal barriers having a density gradient
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F13/53708—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in at least one direction
- A61F2013/53721—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in at least one direction with capillary means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
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Landscapes
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Description
Kevésbé nyújtható peremekkel ellátott nyújtható abszorbens cikk
THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY, CINCINNATI, OH, US
A bejelentés napja: 1993.07.22.
Elsőbbsége: 1992.07.23. (07/915,133), US
A nemzetközi bejelentés száma: PCT/US93/06938
A nemzetközi közzététel száma: WO 94/02095
A találmány tárgyát olyan abszorbens cikkek (egészségügyi betétek, pelenkák stb.) képezik, amelyek egészükben nyújthatók és van egy kevésbé nyújtható peremük, amely peremet egy, a fedőréteg és a hátlap anyagánál kevésbé nyújtható, folyadékot át nem eresztő fóliából készítenek el, és egyik élével az abszorbens cikk központi részének oldaléléhez erősítik úgy, hogy a használat közben az abszorbens cikkre ható hajlító erők hatására a peremek felmerednek és gátat alkotnak a folyadékok kicsorgásával szemben.
KÖZZÉTÉTELI
PÉLDÁNY
S.B.G. & Κ.
Nemzetközi Szabadalmi Iroda H-1062 Budapest, Andrássy út 113. Telefon: 34-24-950, Fax: 34-24-323
60.136/BE
Kevésbé nyújtható peremekkel ellátott nyújtható abszorbens cikk
THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY, CINCINNATI, OH, US
Feltaláló:
OSBORN Thomas Ward, CINCINNATI, OH, US
A bejelentés napja: 1993.07.22.
Elsőbbsége: 1992.07.23. (07/915.133), US
A nemzetközi bejelentés száma: PCT/US93/06938
A nemzetközi közzététel száma: WO 94/02095
A találmány tárgyát abszorbens cikkek, például pelenkák, egészségügyi betétek, alsónadrág-betétek és inkontinens párnabetétek képezik. Részletesebben, a találmány tárgyát olyan abszorbens cikkek, például egészségügyi betétek képezik, amelyek nyújthatók, de el vannak látva kevésbé nyújtható peremekkel, amelyek akadályul szolgálnak a folyadékok kicsorgásával szemben.
Az abszorbens cikkek, mint az egészségügyi betétek, alsónadrág-betétek és inkontinens betétek, olyan eszközök, amelyeket tipikusan egy alsónemű lábközötti részében viselnek.
Ezek az eszközök arra vannak tervezve, hogy abszorbeálják és magukban tartsák az emberi test folyékony és más kiválasztási termékeit és megvédjék a testet és a ruházatot az elszennyeződéstől. Az ilyen abszorbens cikkek tulajdonságainak, különösen szivárgási tulajdonságainak megjavítására nagyarányú erőfeszítéseket tesznek, noha már számos javítást hajtottak végre mind az anyagaikon, mind a szerkezetükön.
így például eldobható abszorbens cikkeket már korábban elláttak rugalmas tagokkal, hogy javítsák azok oldalszivárgási tulajdonságait. A 3.860.003 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírás rugalmasított eldobható abszorbens cikkeket ír le, amelyekben a termék szárnyában egy rugalmas tag van elhelyezve a fedőréteg és a hátlap között. A rugalmas tag összeráncolja a szárnyat úgy, hogy a betét csónakszerű alakot vesz fel és a szárnyak egy peremet képeznek a termék élei körül.
A 4.738.677 számú, Absorbent Article Having a Containment Pocket című amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírás egy más típusú, a folyadékok kifolyását akadályozó gátat ismertet, amely az abszorbens cikk hosszanti élei mentén elhelyezett első záró mandzsetta sorból és az abszorbens cikk végélei mentén elhelyezett második záró mandzsetta sorból áll. A záró mandzsetták a sarokpontokon egymásra hajolva egy tároló zsebet alakítanak ki. Az első záró mandzsetta sor egy távtartó alkatrésszel, például egy rugalmas taggal van ellátva, amely mindkét sor záró mandzsettát távol tartja az abszorbens cikk folyadékfelvevő felületétől.
Az említett típusú eldobható abszorbens cikkek (azaz egészségügyi betétek, alsónadrág-betétek és inkontinens betétek) többsége jellemző módon olyan anyagokból készül, amelyek nem nyúlnak meg. Azaz az anyagok (és maga a cikk) nem nyúlik meg az olyan erők hatására, amelyeknek az abszorbens cikk rendszerint ki van téve a viselés alatt. Jelenleg azonban arra irányulnak az erőfeszítések, hogy nyújtható abszorbens cikkeket állítsanak elő a fokozott kényelem és a viselő testéhez és alsóneműjéhez való idomulás érdekében (ha a cikk egy alsónadrágban viselhető típus). A 93/01785 számú nemzetközi, és az annak megfelelő, 07/915.133 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi bejelentések (mindkettő bejelentésének napja 1992.07.23.; a jelen találmány az előbbiek részbeni folytatása) nyújtható abszorbens cikkeket ismertet. Az ilyen abszorbens cikkek tulajdonságainak javítása érdekében folytatott kutatás azonban folytatódott.
Különösen egy olyan nyújtható abszorbens cikkre, például egy egészségügyi betétre van igény, amely a folyadékok kifolyását akadályozó gátakkal van ellátva.
A találmány tárgya tehát egy olyan nyújtható abszorbens cikk, például egy egészségügyi betét, mely a folyadékok kifolyását akadályozó gátakkal van ellátva.
A találmány egy további tárgya egy olyan nyújtható abszorbens cikk, például egy egészségügyi betét, amely olyan peremekkel van ellátva, amelyek kevésbé nyújthatóak, mint az egészségügyi betét és egy megközelítőleg lapos helyzetből egy lefelé görbülő helyzetbe váltanak át az egészségügyi betét betét megnyúj fásakor.
A találmánynak ezen és további tárgyai könnyebben érthetőek lesznek, ha figyelembe vesszük a következő leírást a hozzá tartozó ábrákkal együtt.
Találmányunk tárgya egy abszorbens cikk, például egy egészségügyi betét. A találmány szerinti egészségügyi betétnek legalább néhány nyújtható alkatrésze van. Az egészségügyi betét el van látva a folyadékok kifolyását akadályozó, kevésbé nyújtható peremekkel.
A egészségügyi betétnek van egy első végrésze, egy második végrésze, egy középső része, amely az első és a második végrész között helyezkedik el, egy pár hosszanti éle és egy pár végéle, amelyek az egészségügyi betét kerületét alkotják. Az egészségügyi betétnek egy előnyös megvalósítás esetében olyan középső része van, amely keskenyebb, mint az első és második végrészek (például az egészségügyi betét homokóra vagy lábszárcsont alakú) . Az egészségügyi betét előnyösen egy nyújtható, folyadékáteresztő fedőrétegből, egy nyújtható, folyadékot át nem eresztő hátlapból, egy nyújtható abszorbens magból, amely a fedőréteg és a hátlap között helyezkedik el, és kevésbé nyújtható, folyadékot át nem eresztő peremekből áll, amelyek a folyadékok kifolyását akadályozó gátakként szolgálnak. Ebben az előnyös megvalósításban a peremeket keskeny fóliacsíkok képezik, amelyek ráborulnak a fedőrétegre az egészségügyi betét hosszanti oldaléléi mentén. Minden egyes csíknak van egy belső éle, egy külső éle és egy pár vége. A külső élek távolabb helyezkednek el az egészségügyi betét hosszirányú középvonalától, mint a belső élek. A csíkok külső élei és végei a fedőréteghez vannak rögzítve az egészségügyi betét kerülete mentén. A csíkok belső élei nincsenek a fedőréteghez rögzítve a végek között.
Ha az egészségügyi betét nincs megnyújtva, a csíkok laposan fekszenek a fedőrétegen. Amikor az egészségügyi betétet megnyújtjuk, a csíkok rögzítetlen részeinek helyzete a laposan fekvőből felállóra változik. A csíkok befelé néző peremeket (vagy tömítéseket) alkotnak az egészségügyi betét hosszanti élei mentén, amelyek akadályul szolgálnak a folyadéknak a fedőrétegen történő átfolyásával szemben. A csíkok felemelkedésének oka a rögzített és rögzítetlen éleik különböző mértékű nyújthatósága. A hatás különösen kifejezett, ha az egészségügyi betét homokóra vagy lábszárcsont alakú, mert akkor az egészségügyi betét középső része keskenyebb a végrészeinél. Egy különösen előnyös megvalósítás esetében hasonló csíkok vannak az egészségügyi betét végeihez is rögzítve, hogy gátakat formáljanak az egészségügyi betét teljes kerülete mentén.
Bár az igénypontokhoz vezető részletes leírások pontosan jellemzik és megkülönböztetik a találmány tárgyát, úgy gondoljuk, hogy a találmány érthetőbb lesz a következő leírásból, amely a mellékelt (nem szükségszerűen méretarányos) ábrákhoz kapcsolódik, amelyek a következők:
1. ábra. A találmány szerinti egészségügyi betét egy előnyös megvalósításának felülnézete, ahol a fedőréteg egy része ki van vágva az alatta lévő szerkezet láttatása céljából.
2. ábra. Az egészségügyi betét keresztmetszete az 1. ábra 2 - 2 vonala mentén (a peremek mérete erősen nagyított az illusztrálás céljából).
3. ábra. Az 1. ábrán látható egészségügyi betét alulnézete.
4. ábra. Az 1. ábrán látható egészségügyi betét perspektivikus képe a betét megnyújtása után (az egyszerűség kedvéért csak egy perem látható).
5. ábra. A 4. ábrán látható egészségügyi betét keresztmetszete az 5 - 5 vonal mentén (a rétegek egyszerűsített elrendezésben és mindkét perem a helyén látható).
6. ábra. Az egészségügyi betét nyújthatósága felülnézetben (az egyszerűség kedvéért a peremek nélkül).
Az 1.-3. ábrákon a találmány szerinti eldobható abszorbens cikk egy előnyös megvalósítása látható. A találmány tárgyát nyújtható abszorbens cikkek, például pelenkák, egészségügyi betétek, alsónadrág-betétek képezik, amelyek kevésbé nyújtható peremekkel vannak ellátva a folyadékok kicsorgásának meggátlására.
A bemutatott előnyös megvalósításban az abszorbens cikk egy egészségügyi betét, amit a (20) számmal jelölünk. Az egészségügyi betét (sanitary napkin) kifejezés alatt egy olyan cikket értünk, amit nők viselnek a szeméremtájékon, és az a rendeltetése, hogy abszorbeálja és tárolja a testből kiürülő váladékokat (például vért, menstruumot és vizeletet). Belátható azonban, hogy találmányunk más női higiénés és menstruációs betétekre, például alsónadrág-betétekre, vagy más abszorbens cikkekre, például inkontinens betétekre is alkalmazható.
Az (20) egészségügyi betétnek két felszíne van, egy folyadékáteresztő, testtel érintkező vagy (20A) testi felszíne, és egy folyadékot át nem eresztő (20B) ruházati felszíne. Az 1. ábrán az (20) egészségügyi betét a (20A) testi felszíne felől látható. A (20A) testi felszín rendeltetése az, hogy a viselő testével érintkezzen. Az (20) egészségügyi betét (20B) ruházati felszíne (a 2. ábrán látható) az ellenkező oldalon van, és a viselő alsóneműjével érintkezik, amikor az (20) egészségügyi betétet viselik.
Az (20) egészségügyi betétnek két középvonala van, az L hosszanti középvonal és a T haránt középvonal, amelyek az I pontban metszik egymást. A hosszanti szó azt a vonalat, tengelyt vagy irányt jelöli az (20) egészségügyi betét síkjában, amely nagyjából egyirányú (azaz megközelítőleg párhuzamos) azzal a függőleges síkkal, amely egy álló viselő testét jobb és bal testfelekre osztja, amikor az (20) egészségügyi betétet viselik. A haránt vagy oldalirányú kifejezések felcserélhetők, és azt a vonalat, tengelyt vagy irányt jelölik az (20) egészségügyi betét síkjában, amely nagyjából merőleges a hosszirányra .
Amint az az 1. ábrán látható, az (20) egészségügyi betétnek van két, egymástól távol elhelyezkedő (22) hosszanti éle
(vagy oldaléléi) és két, egymástól távol elhelyezkedő (24) haránt- vagy végéle (végélei), amelyek együtt alkotják az (20) egészségügyi betét (26) kerületét (szélét) . Az (20) egészségügyi betétnek (vagy a központi testének) van még két végterülete is, amelyeket az (28) első végterületnek és a (30) második végterületnek nevezünk. A (28) és (30) végterületek között egy (32) központi terület helyezkedik el. A (28) és (30) végterületek kifelé nyúlnak a (32) központi terület széleitől a központi test hosszának körülbelül 1/8-1/3 részével. A (32) központi terület és a (28) és (30) végterületek részletes leírása a 4.690.680 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásban található meg.
Az (20) egészségügyi betét vastagsága bármilyen, például viszonylag vastag, viszonylag vékony vagy éppen nagyon vékony lehet. Az (20) egészségügyi betét 1.-3. ábrákon látható megvalósítása egy viszonylag vékony (20) egészségügyi betétnek, előnyösen egy ultravékony (20) egészségügyi betétnek felel meg. Belátható azonban, hogy az ábrákat nézve a rétegek száma miatt az (20) egészségügyi betét vastagabbnak látszik, mint amilyen a valóságban. Egy ultravékony (20) egészségügyi betétet írnak le a 4.950.264 és az 5.009.653 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásokban, amelyek vastagsága előnyösen kisebb, mint 3 mm. A bemutatott vékony (20) egészségügyi betét előnyösen viszonylag rugalmas is lehet, hogy kényelmesebb legyen a viselő számára.
A 2. ábrán láthatók a találmány szerinti (20) egészségügyi betét alkatrészei. A 2. ábrán bemutatott (20) egészségügyi
betét általában legalább négy fő alkatrészből áll. Közéjük tartozik egy folyadékáteresztő (38) fedőréteg, egy folyadékot át nem eresztő (40) hátlap, egy (42) abszorbens mag, amely a (38) fedőréteg és a (40) hátlap között helyezkedik el, és legalább egy záró perem, és előnyösen egy pár (44) záró perem a folyadékok kicsorgásának megakadályozására az (20) egészségügyi betét oldalai mentén. Az 1.-3. ábrákon látható előnyös megvalósítás tartalmaz még egy (216) kevésbé nyújtható elemet is, amely úgy helyezkedik el a (32) központi területen, hogy a megfeszítés hatására begörbüljön (és előnyösen felemelkedve fokozza a testtel való érintkezést). Az (20) egészségügyi betét, amelyhez a peremek hozzá vannak erősítve, egyike lehet azoknak, amelyeket a WO 93/01785 és 93/01786 számú nemzetközi szabadalmi leírásokban ismertetnek, és előnyösebben, csupa rugalmas alkatrészből állnak (kivéve a kevésbé nyújtható elemet), és egészükben nyújthatók.
Az (20) egészségügyi betétek nyújthatósága egyszerűsített módon a 6. ábrán látható. A nyújtható szó arra utal, hogy a cikkek képesek megnagyobbodni legalább az egyik irányba az X-Y síkban. Az X-Y sík az a sík, amely nagyjából párhuzamos az (20) egészségügyi betét felszínével. A nyújtható szó tehát olyan cikkeket jelöl, amelyek megnyújthatók vagy rugalmasan feszíthetők (ennek meghatározását lásd alább). A 6. ábrán látható (20) egészségügyi betét előnyösen mind hosszában, mind széltében nyújtható. Az (20) egészségügyi betét más megvalósításokban azonban lehet csak a fenti irányok egyikében nyújtható. Előnyösen az (20) egészségügyi betét legalább hosszirányban nyúj tható.
Az (20) egészségügyi betét néhány előnyös megvalósításban nemcsak nyújtható, de feszíthető is. A feszíthető szó olyan cikkeket jelöl, amelyek a rájuk ható feszítő erőkkel megnyújt hatók és ellenállást fejtenek ki a feszítéssel szemben. Még előnyösebb, ha az (20) egészségügyi betét rugalmasan nyújtható. A rugalmasan nyújtható vagy rugalmasan feszíthető kifejezéseket azonos értelműnek tekintjük és azt jelentik, hogy a megfeszített (20) egészségügyi betét igyekszik visszatérni a megnyújtás vagy megfeszítés előtti (eredeti) méretéhez a feszítő erők megszűntével. Azonban nem kell, hogy az (20) egészségügyi betét teljesen visszatérjen a megfeszített méretéhez. Lehet, — amint az a 6. ábrán látható —, hogy csak egy elernyedés! mérethez (például Lr és Wr) tér vissza az eredeti méretek (Lg és Wg) és a megnyújtott (vagy megfeszített) méretek (Lg és Wg) között. Ha az (20) egészségügyi betétet rugalmasan nyújthatóra készítjük, úgy csökkenni fog az a nem kívánatos hajlama, hogy hosszirányban befelé összeráncolódjon (azaz csomósodjon), amikor az (20) egészségügyi betétet megnyújtani igyekvő erők megszűnnek. Ez különösen igaz akkor, amikor a viselő alsónadrágja összehúzódik.
Az (20) egészségügyi betét előnyösen oly mértékben nyújtható, amint az a WO 93/01785 és a WO 93/01786 számú nemzetközi szabadalmi leírásokban van leírva. Összefoglalva az ott leírtakat, az (20) egészségügyi betét előnyösen körülbelül 5%-tól kevesebb, mint körülbelül 50%-ig, előnyösebben körülbelül 10%tól körülbelül 40%-ig, és legelőnyösebben körülbelül 25%-tól • ·
körülbelül 40%-ig nyúlik meg az olyan erők hatására, amelyek az (20) egészségügyi betétnek egy alsónadrágban való viselésével kapcsolatosak. Az (20) egészségügyi betét az ilyen mértékű megnyúlásra előnyösen körülbelül 0,5-1,0 N-tól körülbelül 10-15 N, előnyösebben körülbelül 2,5 N és körülbelül 8,0 N közötti erők hatására képes. A nyújthatóság további előnyös értékeit az 1. táblázatban mutatjuk be. Látható, hogy a fent megadott értékhatárok és értékközök magukban foglalják az összes szűkebb értékhatárt, értékközt és mennyiséget, amelyek a megadott értékhatárok és értékközök közé esnek. A találmány szerinti (20) egészségügyi betét el lehet még látva mindazokkal az egyéb alkatrészekkel, amelyek a fenti szabadalmi leírásokban szerepelnek, beleértve egy olyan szerkezetet, amely egy erőfalat (force wall) biztosít, ami megakadályozza a megnyúlást egy bizonyos mértéken felül anélkül, hogy az (20) egészségügyi betétre ható erő lényegesen megnövekedne.
A találmány szerinti (20) egészségügyi betét egyedi alkatrészeit részletesen az 1.-3. ábrák alapján mutatjuk be.
A (38) fedőréteg egy első folyadékáteresztő alkatrészt alkot. Amikor az (20) egészségügyi betétet használják, a (38) fedőréteg a használó bőrével szoros közelségben van. A (38) fedőréteg előnyösen annyira simulékony, lágy tapintású és nem irritáló a viselő bőrére, amennyire lehetséges. A (38) fedőrétegnek továbbá jó átbocsájtó képességgel és csökkent újranedvesedési hajlammal kell rendelkeznie, hogy lehetővé tegye a kiválasztási termékek átjutását az (42) abszorbens mag felé, de ne engedje meg visszajutni a (38) fedőrétegen keresztül a viselő bőréhez.
1.
táblázat.
A feszítési paraméterek jellemző értékei
Hosszirányban
hosszirányú megnyújtás (%) | feszítés ereje (N) | visszaállás m |
<10,0 | <10 | |
40 | <8,0 | <10 |
<25 | ||
s8,0 | <10 | |
25 | <4,0 | <25 |
s3,0 |
Legkisebb nyújtó
Szélességben erő 25 >0,5
hosszirányú | feszítés | visszaállás |
megnyújtás (%) | ereje (N) | (%) |
s5,0 | <10 | |
40 | s4,0 | <25 |
<5,0 | <10 | |
25 | s4,0 | <25 |
Erőfal
Megnyújtás Erő (%) (N)
50 | 15,0 20,0 25,0 |
40 | 15 , 0 20, 0 25,0 |
25 | 15,0 20 , 0 25, 0 |
• ·· ·· · · • · ♦ · » · • · · · · ·
A (38) fedőrétegnek két oldala (vagy felülete, vagy felszíne) van, a (38A) testi oldala és a (38B) ruházati (vagy viselői) oldala. A (38) fedőréteg (38A) testi oldala általában legalább egy részét alkotja a z (20) egészségügyi betét (20A) testi felszínének. A (38) fedőrétegnek van két (38C) hosszanti oldalélé és két (38D) végéle.
(Ugyanilyen számozási rendszert használunk az (20) egészségügyi betét többi alkatrészénél is. Eszerint az alkatrészek a viselő teste felé néző oldalát az alkatrész számával és az A betűvel jelöljük. A viselő alsónemúje felé néző oldalt az alkatrész számával és a B betűvel jelöljük. Az oldaléleket és végéleket az alkatrész számával és rendre a C és D betűkkel j elöljük.)
Megfelelő (38) fedőréteg készíthető az anyagok széles köréből, ideértve a szövött és nem szövött textíliákat, a perforált termoplasztikus fóliákat, a perforált műanyag fóliákat, a hidroformáit fóliákat, a porózus habokat, a hálósított habokat, a hálósított termoplasztikus fóliákat és a termoplasztikus bélésszöveteket, de nem korlátozódva a fentiekre. Az alkalmas szövött és nem szövött textíliák állhatnak természetes rostokból (például fa- vagy gyapotrostokból), szintetikus vagy módosított természetes rostokból (például polimer rostokból, mint amilyenek a poliészter, a polipropilén, a polietilén vagy a poli(vinil-alkohol) rostok, a keményítőalapú műgyanták, a poliuretánok, a cellulóz-észterek, a nylon- és rayonrostok), vagy természetes és szintetikus rostok keverékéből. Ha a (38) fedőréteg egy nem szövött textília, úgy az lehet sodorva kötött, • · · · · · · • ··· · · · · • · · * · · Λ ·»·· ·· ·· kártolt, nedvesen rétegelt, olvasztva fújt, nedvesen kuszáit, vagy a fentiek kombinációja, vagy hasonló eljárással készült.
A perforált fóliák általában előnyösek (38) fedőrétegnek, mert folyadékáteresztők, és — ha megfelelő módon perforáltak — csak csökkent mértékben engedik át visszafelé a folyadékot és nedvesítik újra a viselő bőrét. Alkalmas perforált fóliák vannak leírva a 3.929.135, a 4.324.426, a 4.342.314, a 4.463.045 és az 5.006.394 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásokban.
A (38) fedőréteg nyújthatóvá tehető egy mechanikai művelettel, mint amilyen a fedőréteg anyagának a redőzése, hullámosítása, vagy gyűrűs hengerlése, ami olyan ráncokat hoz létre a (38) fedőrétegen, amelyek képesek kinyílni, amikor a (38) fedőréteget megfeszítik. Egy ilyen művelet a fent leírt fedőréteganyagok többségén elvégezhető. Egy találmány szerinti előnyös megvalósítás esetében a (38) fedőréteget a 4.463.045 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírás szerint készítjük el, és gyűrűs hengerléssel érjük el, hogy bizonyos fokig hosszirányban nyújtható legyen. Egy ilyen fedőréteg van leírva a 07/936.195 (1992. 08. 25.) számú Polymeric Web Having Deformed Sections Which Provide A Substantially Increased Elasticity To The Web című amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi bejelentésben.
A gyűrűs hengerlés vagy előráncolás alkalmas eljárása van leírva a 4.107.364 és a 4.834.741 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásokban, az egymással összefüggő, 07/662.536 és 07/662.537 (mindkettő 1991. 02. 28.) számú és a
- 15 - ..........
07/662.543 (1991. 02. 28.) számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi bejelentésekben.
A gyűrűs hengerelt fedőrétegen a redőzés hajtásvonalainak harántirányban kell futniuk, hogy a fedőréteg hosszirányban nyújtható legyen. Más megvalósításokban a hajtásvonalak futhatnak hosszirányban, mindkét irányban, és/vagy egyéb irányokban. A (38) fedőréteg a hajtásvonalakra merőleges irányokban lesz nyúj tható.
Egy előnyös megvalósításban a (38) fedőréteg hidrofil, így a folyadékok gyorsabban haladhatnak keresztül a (38) fedőrétegen, mintha az nem hidrofil lenne. Ez csökkenti annak valószínűségét, hogy a kiválasztási termékek lefolynak a fedőrétegről ahelyett, hogy az abszorbens magban abszorbeálódnának. A fedőréteg felületaktív anyagokkal való kezeléssel tehető hidrofillé. A felületaktív anyagok alkalmazásának megfelelő módszerei a 4.950.254 és az 5.009.653 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásokban vannak leírva.
Ráadásul egy előnyös megvalósításban a (38) fedőréteg (38B) belső felszíne egy alatta fekvő abszorbens réteghez van érintkező módon erősítve. Ez az érintkezés azt eredményezi, hogy a folyadékok gyorsabban haladnak át a (38) fedőrétegen, mintha nem érintkezne egy abszorbens alkatrésszel. A (38) fedőréteg úgy tartható érintkezésben az alatta fekvő réteggel, hogy a fedőréteget az alatta fekvő réteghez ragasztjuk. Azonban nem abszolút szükségszerű, hogy a (38) fedőréteg felszínét az alatta fekvő réteg felszínéhez ragasszuk. A (38) fedőréteg úgy is érintkezésben tartható egy alatta fekvő abszorbens alkat• · • ·
- 16 résszel, hogy ragasztót juttatunk a fedőréteg és az alatta fekvő alkatrész közé, hogy az alatta fekvő réteg rostjait összekuszáljuk a fedőrétegével, hogy a (38) fedőréteget és az alatta fekvő abszorbens réteget egyedi kötések sokaságával kapcsoljuk össze, vagy bármely más, a szakterületen ismert módon hozunk létre közöttük kapcsolatot.
Az (42) abszorbens mag a (38) fedőréteg és a (40) hátlap között van elhelyezve. Az (42) abszorbens mag az az alkatrész, amely abszorbeálja a menstruumot és más testfolyadékokat. Az (42) abszorbens mag abszorpciós kapacitásának nem kell sokkal nagyobbnak lennie, mint az abszorbeálandó folyadék előre látható teljes mennyiségének. Az (42) abszorbens mag általában öszszenyomható, idomulni képes és nem irritálja a viselő bőrét.
Az (42) abszorbens mag bármely olyan anyagból állhat, amit a szakterületen ilyen célokra használnak. Nem korlátozó példaként említjük meg a természetes anyagokat,, mint amilyen az aprított fapép, amelyet általában légnemeznek hívnak, a hullámosított cellulóz-vattát, a hidrogél-képző polimer zselésítő anyagokat, a módosított, térhálósított cellulózrostokat, (például amelyek az 5.217.445 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásban vannak leírva), a kapilláris csatornás rostokat (azaz az olyan rostokat, amelyeknek a rostokon belüli kapilláris csatornájuk van, amint az az 5.200.248 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásban található), az abszorbens habokat, abszorbens szivacsokat, szintetikus vágott rostokat, polimer rostokat, tőzeget vagy bármely más, ezekkel egyenértékű anyagot vagy anyagok keverékét.
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A fent említett polimer gélképző anyagokat szokták még abszorbens gélképző anyagok-nak vagy szuperabszorbens anyagok -nak is nevezni. A polimer gélképző anyagok olyan anyagok, amelyek folyadékokkal, például vízzel vagy más testfolyadékkal érintkezve, magukba szívják azokat és ezáltal hidrogéleket képeznek. ' Ezen a módon a folyadékokat, amelyek a (42) abszorbens magba jutnak, a polimer gélképző anyag felveszi és magában tartja, ami fokozott abszorbens kapacitást és/vagy tökéletesebb folyadék-visszatartó képességet biztosít az abszorbens cikknek. Az (42) abszorbens magban használt polimer gélképző anyag általában egy, a (41) szemcsék alakjában alkalmazott, lényegében vízoldhatatlan, kis mértékben térhálósított, részben közömbösített, hidrogél-képző polimer anyag. A polimer gélképző anyag bármilyen formában, például tabletták, lemezkék vagy rostok formájában használható.
A 2. ábrán látható előnyös megvalósításban az (42) abszorbens mag egy rétegelt anyag. A rétegelt anyag áll egy réteg szuperabszorbens gélképző anyagból, például a (41) részecskék alakjában, amely két, szárazon rétegelt szövet, egy (43) első és egy (47) második szövetréteg (vagy felső és alsó szövetréteg) között van elhelyezve. Az (43) első és a (47) második szövetrétegek biztosítják a szuperabszorbens gélképző anyag tárolását, fokozzák az abszorbeált folyadékok oldalirányú átszívódását az (42) abszorbens magon és bizonyos fokú abszorbciót is biztosítanak. A (42) és (47) szövetrétegek állhatnak egyetlen szövetlapból is, amely rá van hajtva a szuperabszorbens anyag (41) szemcséire, vagy két különálló szövetlapból, amelyek lehetnek azonos vagy különböző anyagúak.
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Egy megfelelő rétegelt anyag az a szuperabszorbens rétegelt anyag, amely WATER-LOCK L-535 néven kapható a Grain Processing Corporation-tói (Muscatine, Iowa; a WATER-LOCK név a Grain Processing Corp védjegyzett márkaneve). Ilyen szuperabszorbens anyagok vannak leírva a 4.467.012, a 4.260.443 és a 4.578.068 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásokban. A rétegelt (42) abszorbens mag nyújthatóra is gyártható bevagdosással vagy bemetszésekkel. Az 1. ábrán látható, hogy az (42) abszorbens mag egy fent leírt rétegelt anyag, amely be van hasogatva (előnyösen a teljes felületén) a hosszirányú nyújthatóság érdekében.
Egy másik megvalósításban a rétegelt (42) abszorbens mag úgy készíthető nyújthatóra, hogy egy olyan papírszövetből gyártjuk, amely 20 - 200 % mértékben nyújtható (azaz képes megnyúlni az eredeti mérete 1,2-3 -szorosára). Az ilyen szövetlapok számos eljárással gyárthatók. A papírszövet az egyik megvalósításban hagyományos hullámosított szövet lehet. így például a papírszövet lehet egy BOUNTY szövet, amit közvetlenül az önlevevős szárítón való kreppelés után használunk, még mielőtt a ráncok kihúzódnának. Egy ilyen szövet készítésének módja van leírva az 5.098.522 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásban.
Az (20) egészségügyi betét (22) hosszanti és (24) végélei előnyösen zártak, hogy megakadályozzák a folyadék vagy a folyadékkal telt szuperabszorbens anyag kicsorgását vagy kipréselődését a betét megnyújtásakor. Másrészt lehetnek az (42) abszorbens mag (42C) és (42D) élei zártak a teljes (20) egészség19 ügyi betét élei helyett. Az (42) abszorbens mag élei például lehetnek lehajtva vagy egy szövetréteggel borítva. Egy még másféle megvalósításban a szövet élei lehetnek hajtogatva vagy más módon manipulálva, hogy megakadályozzák a folyadék vagy a folyadékkal telt szuperabszorbens anyag (41) részecskéinek kicsorgását vagy kipréselődését az (42) abszorbens magból. Az (20) egészségügyi betét kerületén lévő összes állandó rögzítésnek nem szabad elszakadnia a megnyújtáskor (azaz az összes rögzítés úgy van tervezve, hogy megmaradjon az (20) egészségügyi betét használata alatt).
A (40) hátlap megakadályozza, hogy az (42) abszorbens mag által abszorbeált és tárolt folyadékok átnedvesítsék az (20) egészségügyi betéttel érintkező ruhadarabokat, például alsónadrágokat, pizsamákat és alsóneműket. A (40) hátlap nem ereszti át a folyadékokat (például a menstruumot és/vagy vizeletet). A (40) hátlap előnyösen egy vékony, rugalmas, folyadékot át nem eresztő anyagból készül.
A (40) hátlap készülhet egy szövött vagy nem szövött anyagból, polimer fóliákból, például polietilén vagy polipropilén termoplasztikus fóliákból, vagy összetett anyagokból, például egy fóliabevonatos nem szövött anyagból. A (40) hátlap előnyösen egy polietilén fólia, amelynek vastagsága körülbelül 0,012 - 0,051 mm. Példaértékű polietilén fóliákat gyárt a Clopay Corporation (Cincinnati, Ohio) P18-0401 jelzéssel, vagy a Tredegar Film Products (Térré Haute, Indiana) XP-39385 j elzéssel.
A (40) hátlap előnyösen dombornyomásos és/vagy fénytelení20 tett, hogy szövetszerűbb kinézete legyen. Továbbá a (40) hátlap megengedheti a gőzök távozását az (42) abszorbens magból [azaz a (40) hátlap lélegző lehet], de továbbra sem engedi átjutni a folyadékokat. Használhatunk leöblíthető vagy biodegradábilis hátlapokat is, mint amilyen az itt leírt alsónadrág-betétben is van.
A (40) hátlap nyújthatóvá tehető egy mechanikai művelettel, mint amilyen a hátlap anyagának redőzése, hullámosítása vagy gyűrűs hengerlése. Előnyös azonban, ha a (40) hátlapot úgy tesszük nyújthatóvá, hogy egy rugalmasan nyújtható fóliából készítjük, mint amilyen a 4.476.180 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásban szerepel. Ilyen fólia kapható az Exxon Chemical Company-tól (Laké Zürich, Illinois) EXX-500 (korábban EXX-7) néven.
Egy különösen előnyös nyújtható (40) hátlap a No. 198-338 nyújtható ragadós fólia, amit a Findley Adhesives Company (Wauwatosa, Wisconsin) gyárt. A Findley ragadós fólia egy folyadékot át nem eresztő fólia, amely képes a 200 - 300 %-os megnyúlásra. A Findley ragadós fólia azért is előnyös, mert rugalmasan nyújtható is. A (40) hátlap lehet egy nyújtható réteges szerkezet is, amelynek két vagy három rétege van. így például a (40) hátlap lehet egy réteges anyag, amely áll egy réteg Findley ragadós fóliából, ami mindkét oldalán egy nyújtható, nem szövött anyaggal, vagy egy nyújtható fóliával van bevonva. Egy másik alkalmas hátlap-anyag egy nem szövött anyag/fólia rétegelt szerkezet, amely az 5.007.906 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásban van leírva.
A (20) egészségügyi betét el van még látva egy járulékos (216) kevésbé nyújtható elemmel is, amely a (38) fedőréteg és az (42) abszorbens mag között van elhelyezve. A (216) kevésbé nyújtható elem megközelítőleg az (20) egészségügyi betét (32) központi részében helyezkedik el. A (216) kevésbé nyújtható elem az (20) egészségügyi betét többi részének megfeszítésére válaszul begörbül (és előnyösen felemelkedik, hogy fokozza az érintkezést a viselő testével).
A (216) kevésbé nyújtható elem általában bármilyen típusú anyagból készülhet, amely kevésbé nyújtható az (20) egészségügyi betét (21) fő részének legalább néhány egyéb alkatrészénél. (Az egészségügyi betét ezen egyéb részei a betétnek azok a részei, amelyek nem tartoznak a kevésbé nyújtható peremekhez. A peremek előnyösen a kevésbé nyújtható elemtől függetlenül működnek.) A (216) kevésbé nyújtható elem viszonylag nyújthatatlan lehet. Más megvalósításokban a (216) kevésbé nyújtható elemnek lehet egy bizonyos fokú nyújthatósága.
A (216) kevésbé nyújtható elemnek van egy (216A) testi felszíne, egy (216B) ruházati felszíne, egy pár (216C) hosszanti éle és egy pár (216D) végéle. A (216) kevésbé nyújtható elem szerkezete előnyösen elég merev ahhoz, hogy megengedje a kihajlást vagy kigörbülést, ami akkor fordul elő, amikor befelé irányuló, oldalsó összenyomó erők hatnak a (216) kevésbé nyújtható elem (216C) hosszanti élére. A (216) kevésbé nyújtható elemnek előnyösen nem szabad befelé összeroskadnia (azaz szivacs módjára összelapulnia) anélkül, hogy ne lépne fel egy bizonyos mértékű Z-irányú felemelkedés, válaszul az (20) egészségügyi betétre viselés közben ható oldalirányú összenyomó erőkre. A (216) kevésbé nyújtható elem lehet egy anyagréteg, vagy más megfelelő szerkezet. A (216) kevésbé nyújtható elem előnyösen megtartja kellő merevségét mind száraz állapotban, mind átnedvesedés után (például a kiválasztási termékektől) .
A (216) kevésbé nyújtható elem bármilyen alkalmas anyagból készíthető. Az anyagnak lágynak, hajlékonynak és abszorbensnek kell lennie, de elég merevnek is, hogy kihajoljon vagy kigörbüljön. A (216) kevésbé nyújtható elem elkészíthető az abszorbens mag fent felsorolt alapvető anyagainak többségéből. Ezeket az anyagokat azonban semmilyen eljárással (mint amilyen a gyűrűs hengerlés, ráncolás, hullámosítás vagy behasogatás) nem kell kezelni, ami rugalmassá tenné azokat. Az 1. - 3. ábrákon látható megvalósításon a (216) kevésbé nyújtható elem egy nem hasogatott szuperabszorbens rétegelt anyag. A (216) kevésbé nyújtható elem előnyösen úgy is lehet tervezve, hogy biztosított legyen a begörbülése egy középen levő, hosszirányú hajtásvonallal az elemen.
A (216) kevésbé nyújtható elem egyszerűen az (42) abszorbens mag tetejére lehet helyezve és a helyén tartva az (20) egészségügyi betét környező alkatrészeihez való pontos illeszkedés által. Az 1.-3. ábrákon látható megvalósításban a hosszanti élein egy-egy ponton, a (230) pontokon van rögzítve.
Amikor az (20) egészségügyi betétet megnyújtjuk, a betét (32) középső része elkeskenyedik. Ez okozza a (216) kevésbé nyújtható elem kihajlását vagy kigörbülését és a (218) gerinc kialakulását (ami a 4. és 5. ábrákon látható) a (20) egészségügyi betét L hosszirányú középvonala mentén.
Az 1.-5. ábrákon látható (44) záró peremeket vékony anyagcsíkok alkotják, amelyek a (38) fedőrétegen fekszenek. A (44) záró peremek előnyösen legalább az (20) egészségügyi betét (22) hosszanti oldaléléi mentén helyezkednek el. A (44) csíkok mindegyikének van egy (44A) kifelé néző oldala, egy (44B) befelé néző oldala, egy pár éle [(44C1) belső és (44C) külső élek], és egy pár (44D) végéle. A (44C) külső élek messzebb helyezkednek el az (20) egészségügyi betét hosszirányú és harántirányú középvonalainak metszéspontjától, mint a (44C1) belső élek.
A (44) záró peremek közeli élei úgy alakulnak ki, hogy a csíkok (44C) külső éleit és (44D) végeit az (20) egészségügyi betét (26) kerülete mentén a (38) fedőréteghez erősítjük. A csíkok (44C1) belső élei nincsenek a (38) fedőréteghez rögzítve a (44D) végek között és azok alkotják a (44) záró peremek szabad távoli éleit. Az 1. és 2. ábrák a (44) záró peremeknek a (38) fedőréteghez való csatlakoztatásának egy előnyös megoldását mutatják be. A bemutatott megvalósítás (44) záró peremei (44C) külső élei az (20) egészségügyi betét (22) és (24) éleivel azonos körvonal mentén futnak le. A (44C) külső élek egy síkban vannak az oldalélekkel. A (44C1) belső élek befelé egy kissé túlnyúlnak az abszorbens magon.
A (44) záró peremek az előnyösen folyadékot át nem eresztő (92) peremrögzítővel vannak a (38) fedőréteghez erősítve. A (92) peremrögzítő bármilyen, már fentebb említett, alkalmas csatlakoztató eszköz lehet. A (92) peremrögzítő előnyösen vagy egy ragasztós, vagy egy hővel létesített kötés, amely megközelítőleg hasonló lefutású, mint a (38) fedőréteget és a (40) hátlapot egyesítő (90) kerületi varrat.
Az 1. és 2. ábrákon látható (44) záró perem csupán egy előnyös megoldás. Ezen kívül nagy számú változat lehetséges a peremek méretében és alakjában, és a peremeknek az (20) egészségügyi betéthez való erősítése módjában. A peremek például sokkal nagyobbak lehetnek más megvalósításokban, például más típusú abszorbens cikkekben, mint amilyenek a pelenkák. A peremeknek nem kell az abszorbens cikk éleit követő alakúaknak lenniük, sem szintben csatlakozniuk az abszorbens cikk éleivel, így például a peremek a közeli éleikkel úgy is lehetnek rögzítve, hogy azok az abszorbens cikk éleitől befelé helyezkednek el. Kevésbé előnyös megvalósításokban a peremek távoli élei is az egészségügyi betéthez lehetnek rögzítve néhány ponton a peremek végei között. Más megvalósítások is lehetségesek.
A (44) záró peremek bármely megfelelő, folyadékot át nem eresztő vagy folyadék-rezisztens anyagból elkészíthetők. A peremek ugyanazon erők hatása alatt nyújthatók, mint az az alkatrész, [például a (38) fedőréteg], amelyhez erősítve vannak. A peremek lehenek viszonylag nyújthatatlanok. Másként szólva, a peremek lehetnek nyújthatók, de kevésbé nyújthatók, mint az az alkatrész, amelyhez erősítve vannak.
Az 1. - 3. ábrákon bemutatott előnyös megvalósítás esetében a záró peremek egy olyan nyújtható, előnyösen rugalmasan nyújtható fóliából állnak, mint amilyen a 4.476.180 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírás szerint elkészíthető. Az egyik ilyen fólia az EXX-500 (korábban EXX-7) jelzésű, ami az Exxon Chemical Company-tól (Laké Zürich, Illinois) szerezhető be. Egy különösen előnyös megvalósításban a (44) záró peremeket egy olyan (144) fólia alkotta, amelynek sima testi felszíne fokozott kényelmet biztosít a viselő számára. A 2. ábrán egy példát látunk arra, hogy a (144) fóliacsík kifelé néző oldalára egy (146) sima, előnyösen erősen hidrofób, nem szövött anyag van rétegezve.
Egy különösen előnyös megvalósítás esetében a fentihez hasonló csíkok az (20) egészségügyi betét végélei mentén is rögzítve lehetnek, hogy záró peremet képezzenek az (20) egészségügyi betét teljes kerülete mentén. A csíkok egymáshoz lehetnek erősítve az oldalélek és végélek mellett, hogy folytonos záró peremet alkossanak a teljes kerület mentén, vagy lehetnek szabadok is.
A záró peremek a következő módon működnek. Ha az (20) egészségügyi betét nincs megfeszítve, a (44) csíkok laposan ráfekszenek a (38) fedőrétegre. Amikor az (20) egészségügyi betét megfeszül, a (44) csíkok rögzítetlen részei lelapult helyzetükből felmerednek, és befelé néző ajkakat (vagy tömítéseket) képeznek az (20) egészségügyi betét hosszanti élei mentén, amelyek gátakul szolgálnak a folyadékoknak a fedőrétegről való lecsorgásával szemben. A csíkok felmeredésének oka a megnyújtott záró perem csíkok rögzített és rögzítetlen éleinek különbözősége. Előnyösen — amint az az 5. ábrán látható — a záró peremek és az (20) egészségügyi betét élei felgörbülve ajkakat formálnak és egy U-alakú gátszerkezetet biztosítanak a betét élei mentén.
Az (20) egészségügyi betét fent leírt alkatrészei (a (38) fedőréteg, a (40) hátlap, az (42) abszorbens mag, stb.) bármi26 lyen alkalmas módon lehetnek egymáshoz erősítve, ami lehetővé teszi az (20) egészségügyi betét nyújthatóságát. Az 1. ábrán látható előnyös megvalósításban az (20) egészségügyi betét alkatrészei úgy vannak méretezve, hogy a (38) fedőréteg és a (40) hátlap élei túlnyúlnak az (42) abszorbens mag élein. A (38) fedőréteg éleinek azok a részei, amelyek túlnyúlnak az (42) abszorbens mag élein, az abszorbens mag megfelelő részeihez vannak erősítve. Amint az az 1. ábrán látható, a (38) fedőréteg előnyösen a (90) folyadékot át nem eresztő varrat mentén van a (40) hátlaphoz erősítve. A (90) varrat a szakterületen ismert bármely módszerrel lehet kialakítva, és előnyösen úgy készül, hogy a (38) fedőréteget a (40) hátlap ragadós oldalához ragasztjuk .
Azt találtuk, hogy egy ilyen felépítés megfelelő módon biztosítja az (20) egészségügyi betét alkatrészeinek helyzetét anélkül, hogy azok felszíne egymáshoz lenne erősítve. Ámbár — mint már megjegyeztük — gyakran előnyös, ha az alkatrészek némelyikét teljes felszínén egymáshoz erősítjük.
A fent leírt megvalósítás az összeállítás szempontjából is előnyös. (A különböző alkatrészek egyesítésének más módjai is használhatók.) így például találmányunk magában foglalja az úgynevezett cső termékeket is. Ezekben a termékekben egy folyadékáteresztő borító anyaggal, (mint amilyen a fedőréteg anyaga) teljesen beborítjuk az abszorbens magot és a hátlapot, majd az alkatrészeket egymáshoz erősítjük. Egy másféle elrendezésben a fedőréteg lehet a mag köré tekerve és a beburkolt magot helyezhetjük a hátlapra és erősítjük hozzá.
A 3. ábrán látható, hogy az (20) egészségügyi betét (20B) ruházati felszíne el lehet látva egy rögzítővel, például egy (50) nyomásérzékeny ragasztóval, ami az (20) egészségügyi betétet az alsónadrág lábközötti részéhez rögzíti. A ragasztó más alkalmas mintázatban is használható. A (50) ragadós rögzítő lehet nyújtható, nyújthatatlan, vagy lehet úgy is alkalmazva, hogy a mintázat egyes részei nyújthatók, más részei nyújthatatlanok legyenek.
Ha a ragasztó nyújtható, úgy előnyösen az (20) egészségügyi betét 1. táblázatban megadott értékeihez hasonló mértékben nyúlik meg. A megfelelő nyújtható ragasztók közé tartoznak a nyújtható ragasztók önmagukban, és a nyújtható ragasztó/peremfólia kombinációk. A szakterületen ismert bármelyik nyújtható ragasztó használható. A megfelelő nyújtható ragasztó/peremfólia kombinációk közé tartoznak nem kizárólagos módon a nyújthatatlan ragasztók egy nyújtható peremfólia anyagon, a rugalmasan nyújtható ragadós fóliák, mint a Findley 198-338, vagy a permetezhető ragasztók, mint amilyen a 3M 1442 jelzésű ragasztója egy alacsony rugalmassági modulusszal rendelkező fólián.
Megfelelő nyűjthatatlan ragasztók azok a ragasztók, amelyek 0,015 mm rétegvastagságúak és a Century Adhesive-től kaphatók A305-4 termékszám alatt, vagy az Anchor Continental Inc.-tói (3 Sigma Division, Covington, Ohio), és a H.B. Fuller Co.-tól Fuller H-2238ZP jelzés alatt. A megfelelő nyújthatatlan ragasztós rögzítők részletesebben a 4.917.697 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásban vannak leírva.
A (50) ragasztós rögzítő előnyösen lehúzható borítással (vagy fedőszalaggal) van lefedve. Bármely, a kereskedelemben kapható lehúzható borítás használható. Egy előnyös megvalósításban a lehúzható borítás egy csomagoló burkolattal lehet helyettesítve, amely egyedi csomagolást biztosít az (20) egészségügyi betétnek és burkolóanyagot az (20) egészségügyi betét használat utáni eldobásakor, amint az a 4.556.146 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásban van leírva.
A rögzítőket a leírás egyszerűsége céljából korábban ragasztóként írtuk le. A rögzítők fajtái azonban nem korlátozódnak a ragasztókra. Az előnyös rögzítők közé tartoznak nem korlátozó módon a nyomásérzékeny ragasztók, a mechanikus rögzítők és a ragasztók és mechanikus rögzítők kombinációi. Az (20) egészségügyi betét el lehet látva még járulékos (140) polietilén végvédő burkolatokkal is.
Az alábbi példa tovább illusztrálja találmányunk gyakorlatát. A példával azonban nem szándékozzuk korlátozni az itt bemutatott abszorbens cikkek körét.
1. példa.
Elkészítjük az (20) egészségügyi betét alkatrészeit. A (38) fedőréteget a 4.463.045 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírás szerint készítjük el és gyűrűs hengerléssel tesszük nyújthatóvá. A szuperabszorbens anyagú tároló réteget egy egyrétegű BOUNTY szövet adja, amelyet a kreppelés eltávolítása nélkül szedünk le az önlevevős szárítógépről. A mag egy abszorbens gélképző rétegelt anyag, amely teljes hossza mentén be van hasogatva, hogy hosszirányban nyújtható legyen. A (40) hátlap egy rétegelt anyag, ami Findley 198-338 ragadós fóliából és egy nem szövött anyagból készül. A nem szövött anyag a Celanese t-138, amelyet a Veratec (Walpole, Massachusetts) gyárt. A nem szövött anyagot úgy rétegezzük a Findley ragadós fóliára, hogy a kapott rétegelt anyag hosszirányban (a nem szövött anyag rostjainak lefutására merőleges irányban) feszüljön meg. A nem szövött anyag a kész termék külső oldalára kerül.
A termék összeépítése a következő módon történik. A gyűrűs hengerelt (38) fedőréteget méretre szabjuk. A BOUNTY szövetet
77,5 mg/cm2, spirális mintában felvitt Findley H2031 ragasztóval erősítjük a (38) fedőréteghez. A mag ruházati felszínének végterületeit kreppelt BOUNTY szövettel burkoljuk be. Az abszorbens magot a (40) hátlapra tesszük. Egy 6,35 x 6,67 cm-es abszorbens gélképző, nem behasogatott rétegelt anyagdarabot helyezünk a mag testi felszínének középső területére. A rétegelt anyagdarabot a hosszanti éleinek közepén a (40) hátlap éleihez ragasztjuk. A (38) fedőréteget és a kreppelt szövetréteget a magra helyezzük. Az alkatrészeket egymáshoz erősítjük és lesimítjuk az éleknél. Az éleket görgőzéssel zárjuk. A végső alakot körülvágjuk. Egy darab EX-500 anyagot ragasztunk végig a betét oldaléléi mentén úgy, hogy a távolabbi él 2 mm-rel túlnyúljon a (38) fedőrétegen a mag közepe felé a betét keskenyebb középső területén és 5 mm-rel a betét szélesebb végterületein. Felhordjuk a Fuller HL2238 alsónadrághoz rögzítő ragasztót a termék ruházati felszínére, a 3. ábrán látható mintázatban. Végül
a (38) fedőrétegre 0,01 g Pegoperse 200HL (Lonza, Inc., Williamsport, Pennsylvania) felületaktív anyagot permetezünk.
Bár egy előnyös (20) egészségügyi betétet írtunk le, számos más (20) egészségügyi betét megvalósítás leírása található meg a szakirodalomban. Az (20) egészségügyi betét el lehet látva az itt leírt alkatrészek és tulajdonságok többségével vagy mindegyikével. Az (20) egészségügyi betét el lehet látva például egy pár szárnnyal, amelyek mindegyike az (20) egészségügyi betét központi részének oldaléleivel szomszédos és oldalirányban túlnyúlik azon. [Az (20) egészségügyi betét központi része az (20) egészségügyi betét a szárnyak nélkül.] Számos olyan szárnyas (20) egészségügyi betétet ismerünk, amelyek használhatók vagy adaptálhatók lennének a találmány szerinti (20) egészségügyi betétként. Ilyen szárnyak vannak leírva a 4.285.343 számú, Sanitary Napkin című, a 4.589.876 számú, ugyancsak Sanitary Napkin című, a 4.608.047 számú, Sanitary Napkin Attachment Means című, a 4.687.478 számú, Shaped Sanitary Napkin with Flaps című amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásokban és a B1 4.589.876 számú, újra érvénybe helyezett amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásban. Néhány különösen előnyös típusú szárny a 07/769.891 (1991. 10. 01.) számú, Absorbent Article Having Flaps and Zones of Differential Extensibility című amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi bejelentésben (nemzetközi bejelentésének száma WO 93/06805,
1993. 04. 15), valamint a 07/906.593 (1992. 06. 30.) számú,
Absorbent Article Having Unitary Release Matériái című, és a 07/906.629 (1992. 06. 30.) számú, Absorbent Article Having
Tucked Flaps című amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi bejelentésekben.
Továbbá figyelembe kell vennünk a WO 93/01785 és a WO 93/01786 számú nemzetközi szabadalmi leírásokat és az azokban található összes vizsgáló módszert, amelyeket itt referenciaként tartunk számon. Ebben a vonatkozásban a 2,5 cm-es csík hosszirányú nyújthatóságának mérésére szolgáló módszer úgy módosítható, hogy a csíkot nem csak a hosszirányú középvonalon vágjuk ki, hanem azzal párhuzamosan is úgy, hogy a minta teljes szélességében tartalmazza az abszorbens cikk abszorbens alkatrészeinek legalább egyikét. A mintát azonban nem szükséges az abszorbens cikk hosszanti éleihez olyan közel kivágni, hogy az bármilyen oldalsó rugalmas részt is tartalmazzon. Ha az így mért minták bármelyike az igénypontokban megadott értékhatárokon belül van, úgy az abszorbens cikk találmányunk oltalmi körébe tartozik.
Alsónadrág-betét-nek (panty liner vagy pantiliner) nevezzük az olyan abszorbens cikkeket, amelyek kevésbé testesek, mint az (20) egészségügyi betétek, és amelyeket a nők általában a menstruációs időszakok között viselnek. Az ilyen abszorbens cikkre a 4.738.676 számú, Pantiliner című amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásban találunk példát.
Az inkontinens cikk kifejezés alatt betéteket, alsóneműket (függesztő rendszerrel, például egy övvel vagy hasonlóval helyükön tartott betétek), abszorbens cikkek betétjeit, abszorbens cikkek kapacitásfokozó betétjeit, rövid alsónadrágokat, ágybetéteket és hasonlókat értünk, függetlenül attól, hogy fel32 • · * 4 « · • ··· ·· · 4 • * · ♦ * 4 4 ··· · 9 ·9 · · nőttek vagy más inkontinens személyek viselik azokat. Az itt leírt alkatrészekkel ellátható, alkalmas abszorbens cikkek vannak leírva a 4.253.461, a 4.597.760, a 4.597.761, a már idézett 4.704.115, a 4.909.802, és a 4.964.860 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásokban, valamint a 07/637.090 és a 07/637.571 (1991. 01. 03.) számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi bejelentésekben, amelyek nemzetközi bejelentésének számai rendre WO 92/11830 és WO 92/11831 (mindkettő 1992. 07. 23 . ) .
Találmányunk középpontjában az olyan abszorbens cikkek állnak, amelyek a viselő alsónadrágjának lábközötti részében való hordásra vannak szánva. Azonban a találmány szerinti tulajdonságok az olyan abszorbens cikkeken is használhatók, mint amilyenek a pelenkák. A pelenkák olyan abszorbens cikkek, amelyeket csecsemők és inkontinens személyek viselnek úgy, hogy a derekukra van felerősítve. A megfelelő pelenkák, amelyek az itt leírt alkatrészekkel elláthatók lennének, a 3.860.003 és az 5.151.092 számú amerikai egyesült államokbeli szabadalmi leírásokból ismerhetők meg.
A találmányi bejelentésünkben említett összes szabadalmi leírást, szabadalmi bejelentést (és az azokban hivatkozott találmányokat éppúgy, mint az azoknak megfelelő bármely külföldi szabadalmi bejelentést), és közleményt referenciaként tartjuk számon. Az azonban kifejezetten nincs megengedve, hogy a referenciaként számon tartott dokumentumok bármelyike kifejezze vagy nyilvánosságra hozza találmányunk tárgyát. Ugyancsak kifejezetten nem megengedett, hogy bármely itt leírt, a kereskede33
lemben kapható anyag vagy termék kifejezze vagy nyilvánosságra hozza találmányunk tárgyát.
Bár találmányunk különös megvalósításait leírtuk és illusztráltuk, a szakterületen járatosak előtt nyilvánvaló lehet, hogy különböző változtatások és módosítások hajthatók végre azokon anélkül, hogy elhagynánk találmányi bejelentésünk szellemét és oltalmi körét.
Claims (12)
1. Egy abszorbens cikk, azzal jellemezve, hogy van egy hosszirányú középvonala, amely hosszirányban terjed, egy haránt középvonala, amely keresztirányban terjed, egy pár hosszanti oldalélé, amelyek az abszorbens cikk kerületét alkotják, az említett abszorbens cikk áll:
egy folyadékáteresztő fedőrétegből;
egy folyadékot át nem eresztő hátlapból, ami az említett fedőréteghez van erősítve;
egy abszorbens magból, ami az említett fedőréteg és az em lített hátlap között helyezkedik el; és egy záró peremből, amely az abszorbens cikk legalább egyik hosszanti oldalélével szomszédos, az említett záró peremnek éle és egy pár végéle, ahol az lített záró perem említett van emfedőréteghez vannak erősítve, és az említett záró perem említett említett végélek között; és ahol legalább az említett fedőréteg nyújtható és az említett záró perem kevésbé nyújtható az említett fedőrétegnél úgy, hogy felemelkedve egy szegélyt alkot, amely gátul szolgál a folyadékok kicsorgásával szemben.
2. Az 1. igénypont szerinti abszorbens cikk, azzal jellemezve, hogy az említett fedőréteg hosszirányban nyújtható.
• · · 0 · · · _ 9 999 9 9
V *··»♦·· _ 25 - ··»· ·· *· ·· r
3. Az 1. igénypont szerinti abszorbens cikk, azzal jellemezve, hogy két záró pereme van, amelyek egyenként a hosszanti oldalélekkel szomszédosak.
4. Az 1. igénypont szerinti abszorbens cikk, azzal jellemezve, hogy az említett záró perem ráfekszik az említett fedőrétegre .
5. Az 1. igénypont szerinti abszorbens cikk, azzal jellemezve, hogy az említett hátlap és az említett abszorbens mag is nyúj thatók.
6. A 3. igénypont szerinti abszorbens cikk, azzal jellemezve, hogy a végélei mentén is van egy záró pereme.
7. Az 1. igénypont szerinti abszorbens cikk, azzal jellemezve, hogy az említett záró peremet egy folyadékot át nem eresztő fólia alkotja.
8. A 7. igénypont szerinti abszorbens cikk, azzal jellemezve, hogy az említett folyadékot át nem eresztő fólia egy lágy anyaggal van burkolva.
9. Az 1. igénypont szerinti abszorbens cikk, azzal jellemezve, hogy van egy első végterülete, egy második végterülete és egy középső területe, amely az említett első és második végterületek között helyezkedik el, ahol az abszorbens cikk középső területe keskenyebb, mint a végterületek.
10. A 9. igénypont szerinti abszorbens cikk, azzal jellemezve, hogy homokóra alakú.
11. A 9. igénypont szerinti abszorbens cikk, azzal jellemezve, hogy lábszárcsont alakú.
··· ·· * » • · · · · « • · «9 V V
12. Az 1. vagy 9. igénypontok szerinti abszorbens cikk, azzal jellemezve, hogy van egy központi teste, amelyet legalább az említett fedőréteg, hátlap és abszorbens mag részei alkotnak, az említett központi testnek van egy pár említett hosszanti oldalélé és egy pár végéle, továbbá egy pár szárny nyúlik ki oldalirányban az említett abszorbens cikk említett központi testének említett hosszanti oldaléléiből.
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US07/915,133 US5824004A (en) | 1990-06-18 | 1992-07-23 | Stretchable absorbent articles |
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HUT72267A true HUT72267A (en) | 1996-04-29 |
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HU9500184A HU217377B (hu) | 1992-07-23 | 1993-07-22 | Alsóneműt fedő alkatrésszel ellátott abszorbens cikk |
HU9500187A HUT72267A (en) | 1992-07-23 | 1993-07-22 | Extensible absorbent article having less extensible barriers |
HU9500186A HUT69679A (en) | 1992-07-23 | 1993-07-23 | Stretchable absorbent structure |
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HU9500184A HU217377B (hu) | 1992-07-23 | 1993-07-22 | Alsóneműt fedő alkatrésszel ellátott abszorbens cikk |
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HU9500186A HUT69679A (en) | 1992-07-23 | 1993-07-23 | Stretchable absorbent structure |
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AT (4) | ATE173911T1 (hu) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6358234B1 (en) | 1990-01-23 | 2002-03-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent article having deformed hinge and zones of extensibility |
CA2219047C (en) | 1991-10-01 | 2001-12-04 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent article having flaps and zones of differential extensibility |
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JP2664501B2 (ja) | 1989-12-22 | 1997-10-15 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | 使い捨て着用物品 |
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JP2826185B2 (ja) | 1990-03-12 | 1998-11-18 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | 使い捨てパンツ型着用物品 |
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-
1992
- 1992-07-23 US US07/915,133 patent/US5824004A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-22 MY MYPI92001905A patent/MY108948A/en unknown
- 1992-10-30 NZ NZ328137A patent/NZ328137A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-30 NZ NZ272837A patent/NZ272837A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-30 NZ NZ328136A patent/NZ328136A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-30 NZ NZ328135A patent/NZ328135A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-30 NZ NZ244958A patent/NZ244958A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-31 CN CN92113667A patent/CN1111394C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-11-03 TW TW081108756A patent/TW257669B/zh active
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1993
- 1993-01-22 MX MX9300354A patent/MX9300354A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-22 BR BR9306769A patent/BR9306769A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-22 NZ NZ254658A patent/NZ254658A/en unknown
- 1993-07-22 SG SG9602888A patent/SG86294A1/en unknown
- 1993-07-22 CZ CZ95169A patent/CZ284050B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-22 AU AU47831/93A patent/AU4783193A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-07-22 DE DE69322390T patent/DE69322390T2/de not_active Revoked
- 1993-07-22 CA CA002140766A patent/CA2140766C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-22 SG SG1996003128A patent/SG72623A1/en unknown
- 1993-07-22 PL PL93307233A patent/PL172579B1/pl unknown
- 1993-07-22 WO PCT/US1993/006947 patent/WO1994002099A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-07-22 EP EP93917330A patent/EP0651630B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1993-07-22 DE DE69319116T patent/DE69319116T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-22 KR KR1019950700265A patent/KR100295526B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-22 WO PCT/US1993/006957 patent/WO1994002096A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-07-22 ES ES93918350T patent/ES2117139T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-22 AU AU46874/93A patent/AU4687493A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-07-22 SG SG1996002615A patent/SG55022A1/en unknown
- 1993-07-22 HU HU9500184A patent/HU217377B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-22 AT AT93917330T patent/ATE173911T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-22 AU AU46876/93A patent/AU4687693A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-07-22 KR KR1019950700262A patent/KR100295523B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-22 AU AU47836/93A patent/AU4783693A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-07-22 WO PCT/US1993/006956 patent/WO1994002098A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-07-22 ES ES93917330T patent/ES2125344T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-22 JP JP06504727A patent/JP3098034B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-22 EP EP93918350A patent/EP0650350B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-22 KR KR1019950700263A patent/KR100295524B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-22 CA CA002140767A patent/CA2140767C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-22 AT AT93917325T patent/ATE167046T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-22 JP JP50471294A patent/JP3447288B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-22 WO PCT/US1993/006938 patent/WO1994002095A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-07-22 BR BR9306770A patent/BR9306770A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-07-22 CA CA002239464A patent/CA2239464C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-22 JP JP50472694A patent/JP3696235B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-22 DK DK93917330T patent/DK0651630T3/da active
- 1993-07-22 EP EP93918355A patent/EP0650349A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-07-22 CZ CZ95168A patent/CZ16895A3/cs unknown
- 1993-07-22 SG SG1996003325A patent/SG54180A1/en unknown
- 1993-07-22 JP JP6504719A patent/JPH07509162A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-07-22 AT AT93918350T patent/ATE167050T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-22 KR KR1019950700261A patent/KR100331350B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-22 DE DE69319117T patent/DE69319117T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-22 EP EP93917325A patent/EP0651629B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-22 HU HU9500187A patent/HUT72267A/hu unknown
- 1993-07-22 CA CA002239456A patent/CA2239456C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-22 ES ES93917325T patent/ES2117137T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-23 HU HU9500186A patent/HUT69679A/hu unknown
- 1993-07-23 ES ES93919826T patent/ES2132252T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-23 AT AT93919826T patent/ATE181227T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-23 EP EP93919826A patent/EP0651631B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1993-07-23 WO PCT/US1993/006896 patent/WO1994002094A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-07-23 KR KR1019950700264A patent/KR100295525B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-23 DE DE69325374T patent/DE69325374T2/de not_active Revoked
- 1993-07-23 AU AU49929/93A patent/AU4992993A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-07-23 SG SG1996002703A patent/SG72619A1/en unknown
- 1993-07-23 CZ CZ95170A patent/CZ284027B6/cs unknown
- 1993-07-23 JP JP50468894A patent/JP3534754B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-23 CA CA002140868A patent/CA2140868C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-23 BR BR9306768A patent/BR9306768A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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1994
- 1994-01-21 CN CN94102657A patent/CN1107683A/zh active Pending
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1995
- 1995-01-20 NO NO950208A patent/NO950208L/no unknown
- 1995-01-20 FI FI950255A patent/FI950255A/fi unknown
- 1995-01-20 FI FI950256A patent/FI950256A0/fi unknown
- 1995-01-20 FI FI950257A patent/FI950257A/fi unknown
- 1995-01-20 NO NO950207A patent/NO950207L/no unknown
- 1995-01-20 NO NO950209A patent/NO950209L/no unknown
- 1995-06-07 US US08/488,349 patent/US5713884A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1996
- 1996-12-16 US US08/768,050 patent/US5951536A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1997
- 1997-06-13 US US08/876,102 patent/US6287288B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1998
- 1998-02-27 AU AU56362/98A patent/AU5636298A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-02-27 AU AU56361/98A patent/AU716591B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-12-10 HK HK98113162A patent/HK1012161A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-12-21 HK HK98114306A patent/HK1012909A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-12-21 HK HK98114304A patent/HK1012907A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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1999
- 1999-06-17 GR GR990401365T patent/GR3030452T3/el unknown
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DFA9 | Temporary protection cancelled due to abandonment |