FR2908804A1 - Fixed or rolling scaffolding guardrail, has operating handle articulated towards end of guardrail opposite to hook, where horizontal distance provided between inner edge of hooks is greater than distance between exterior of rod and post - Google Patents

Abstract

The guardrail (2) has a hook (17) engaged around a rod of a frame and a vertical scale and provided at an end of the guardrail. An operating handle (4) with projecting part is articulated towards the end of the guardrail opposite to the hook (17), and hooks (19, 20) are placed on the rod of the frame or vertical scale. A horizontal distance provided between an inner edge of the hook (17) and inner edge of the hooks (19, 20) is greater than a distance provided between exterior of the rod and exterior of a post corresponding to the frame or scale.

Description

The present invention relates to the field of scaffolding, and

  particularly that of rolling scaffolding, without excluding here the fixed facade scaffolding. More particularly, this invention relates to a safety mount railing for such scaffolds.

  More specifically, scaffolds, particularly of the rolling type, are considered here for carrying out various work at height, the structure of which comprises prefabricated elements arranged vertically and superimposed, designated as extensions or frames or ladders, and usually made in the form of scale that is to say consist of two amounts and a plurality of horizontal bars regularly spaced, which connect the two amounts between them. These superimposed vertical elements thus form parallel ladders, more or less high, between which are hung trays or horizontal scaffolding floors. The addition of such vertical elements is used to raise the structure, depending on the height to reach. The bars of said vertical elements allowing an operator to climb to the desired height, and they also serve to support the trays and possibly the railings and also the diagonals of stiffening of the structure. In particular, the assembly and fixing of guardrails, which are usually positioned at each floor level of the scaffold, is considered here to ensure the safety of the operator (s) posted at this floor level. There are currently various types of railings adaptable to this type of scaffolding, among which we distinguish in particular the smooth, guardrail called "monobloc" and special monobloc guardrails designed for safe assembly. The rails are light, since they are usually simple horizontal tubes provided with hooking means at both ends. However, the assembly of such healds can be done in principle only from the scaffolding plate that they must make safe, so that the operator assigned to the assembly is not protected during the operation of setting the guard -body, until this railing is attached to the vertical elements of the structure. It has already been proposed to mount a safety slats smoothly through the traps of the tray, so from a lower floor level, but this way of proceeding is inconvenient and less and less accepted by the control bodies. Moreover, to form a complete railing, it is necessary to combine two superimposed rails, namely a top smooth and a lower rail also called sub-smooth, which requires each assembly two successive manipulations for a single guardrail . The standard one-piece railings consist simply of two superimposed rails connected together at their ends and / or in their middle by vertical bars. Such a guardrail is a little heavier and bulkier than two single smooth, but it can be handled as a single object, so more simply and quickly. However, the mounting of a monobloc railing can be done only from the scaffolding platform 10 to secure and therefore requires personal protection equipment for the operator responsible for the installation of the railing, or well the use of temporary railing assembly. To avoid the disadvantages of the standard one-piece railings and railings, special 15-piece guardrails have already been proposed for safe mounting, also known as "railing for mounting and operating". . These improved railings allow to mount a railing, assigned to the protection of a given floor level, from the lower floor level so without the operator having to be placed on a tray 20 scaffolding that is not yet protected. In other words, when the operator first accesses the floor of a higher level, this floor will be already protected. In general, these safety-mounted one-piece guardrails have protruding vertical parts below the under-rail, which allow the gripping and setting up of such a railing from a floor level. lower, taking into account the usual vertical spacing, usually of the order of two meters, between two levels of successive floors. For example, such a railing has, because of its protruding downward parts, a height of 1.7 meters, for a width commonly between 2 and 3 meters, this width corresponding to the width of a span between two vertical scales. The size of the guardrail is important, which poses storage and handling problems, and in many cases requires two people to set up the guardrail. In addition, such a guard is often quite heavy, because of the presence of large parts protruding below the sub-smooth to allow its handling and its installation, which also makes its handling inconvenient. Finally, such a railing is designed for a predefined and fixed vertical spacing between two successive floor levels, which limits its use. To avoid these drawbacks, some improved safety-mounting guardrails have already been developed, such as, for example, the railing described in French patent 2732706 in the name of the Applicant. It is a monobloc guardrail, which has two articulated arms respectively in the regions of the two ends of its top rail, each arm can thus pivot between a folded position parallel to the rail and a deployed position of use perpendicular to the rail. In the mounted position of the railing, the two arms are supported by their free end on the rail of a lower guardrail. Such a railing has the advantage of being lighter than a standard one-piece guardrail for secure mounting, and to be less bulky thanks to the folding of the arms. On the other hand, its installation by one person, even if it is in principle possible, remains in delicate practice: it is indeed difficult for one person to hold the railing by his two articulated arms, and to lift by one arm all the weight of the guardrail. Moreover, because of its direct support on the rail of a lower railing, this railing only provides protection in the case of floor scaffolds separated by fixed vertical spacings, for example placed all two meters. Another railing with improved safety mounting is described in French Patent 2516141. It is a monobloc railing, the smooth and the sub-smooth are connected at one end by a simple bar and at the other end, by an amount protruding below the lower rail, this amount being fixed and not articulated. This railing can be put in place by one person, its reduced weight allowing easy handling. On the other hand, since the amount with a protruding part towards the arm is fixed and rigid, the size of the guardrail remains relatively large, which makes the storage and transport volume quite large. To limit this last disadvantage, the length of the projecting portion of the amount is limited, but this limits the difference in acceptable height between two levels of successive floors, knowing that the lower end of the protruding portion must be at most two meters approximately above the plateau from which the railing is installed. Finally, the fixing device provided on this railing requires vertical frames whose 2908804 4 amounts are provided with special lugs; this fixing device does not fit ladder bars, as they are currently common. There are also mounting bars, constituted by a simple tube with a narrowing at one of the two ends, which are mounted in standard one-piece guardrails for their assembly. Such a mounting bar keeps a lightweight one-piece railing, occupying a minimum volume once the bar removed. However, this bar is not permanently fixed on the guardrail, it is unfortunately not necessarily used to systematically mount a safe guard body. The present invention aims at overcoming the disadvantages of the various types of guardrails mentioned above, and is therefore intended to provide an improved safety mounting scaffolding railing which, in particular, allows for mounting easy and easy by one person, which retains an acceptable storage weight and bulk, and is adaptable to all scaffolds having vertical ladders, regardless of the interval between the floor levels of the scaffold (in which the limits of regulation). For this purpose, the subject of the invention is essentially a scaffold railing 20 with a secure mounting, in particular for a rolling scaffold, the railing comprising an upper rail and a lower or sub-smooth rail joined together in a structure monobloc, provided at its ends means of the hook type for its removable attachment to vertical frames or ladders of the structure of the scaffolding, the guardrail being adapted to be put in place at a scaffold floor level to protect from the lower floor level, by means of at least a portion of the arm type, protruding below the sub-smooth at least in a position of use substantially perpendicular to said sub-smooth, this railing being characterized in that: - a first hook, capable of being engaged around a bar of a frame or of a vertical ladder, is provided at one end of the railing; a single operating arm, constituting said protruding part, is articulated towards the end of the railing 35 opposite to the first hook; At least one other hook, adapted to rest on a bar of a frame or of a vertical ladder, is provided at the end of the guardrail opposite to the first hook; the horizontal distance between the inner edge of the first hook and the outer edge of the other hooks being greater than the distance between the outside of the bar of a frame or ladder and the outside of the corresponding amount of the frame; opposite scale. The operator can thus first hook the railing in an oblique or vertical position by its first hook located at one end, then move the operating arm located towards the other end and lift the railing by straightening it, before finally engaging and placing the other (s) hook (s) on the or bar (s) corresponding (s) at the end opposite the first hook. The first hook, which is unique, is advantageously located at an intermediate height, at the corresponding end of the railing. In a preferred embodiment, this first hook is in the form of a U-shaped, and it is completed by a support lug; the first hook is thus arranged to engage around a frame bar or vertical ladder by itself constituting an anti-lift device for the railing put in place, while this hook and the tab support, being able to engage on both sides of a frame amount or vertical scale, ensure the positioning of the corresponding end of the railing relative to said amount. Advantageously, the other hook, if it is single, or one of the other hooks, comprises an anti-lifting device, which may be constituted by a retaining member itself in the form of a hook, pivotally mounted around a hook. horizontal axis and able to take place below a bar of frame or ladder. It is thus avoided that once installed, the guardrail does not rise under the action of an involuntary force.

The operating arm is advantageously articulated substantially at the upper rail of the railing, towards one end thereof. In this case, the top rail preferably comprises non-permanent retaining means of said operating arm, in a folded position substantially parallel to the upper rail. These retaining means may simply be constituted by two spaced "L" -shaped hooks integral with the upper rail and oriented in opposite directions, so as to constitute a kind of "labyrinth" in which the maneuvering arm can not be engaged, or from which it can not be extracted, without a voluntary action on the part of the operator. Thus, it is ensured that in the folded transport and storage position, and also in the initial attachment phase of the railing, the operating arm maintains its position parallel to the upper rail. According to an additional characteristic, the lower or sub-smooth rail of the railing comprises, substantially vertically above the point of articulation of the operating arm, two close stops between which this arm is adapted to be engaged. Thanks to these two stops, which occur when the operating arm 10 occupies its lowered position of use, it becomes possible for the operator to exert on the guard rail during assembly, via the operating arm , a lateral force oriented either to the adjacent hooks or able to rest on a frame or ladder bar, or in the opposite direction, that is to say towards the first hook.

On the whole, a safety-mounted one-piece railing is thus obtained, which has the following advantages: The downward projecting portion being constituted by a single arm, foldable along the upper rail, the railing object of the invention remains of acceptable mass, and its size for storage and transport remains limited. The maneuver arm being fixed permanently on the railing, by a hinge pin, the operator can hardly omit to use it during assembly operations of the scaffolding.

Since the guardrail only hangs on the bars of the frames or ladders, without intervention of the operating arm, the railing of the invention is usable for scaffolding with any spacing of the floor levels, and even with a spacing important, typically 30 feet (maximum allowed by current standards). This railing is also adaptable to all types of scaffolding having frames or ladders with bars regularly spaced.

Given its folding mode, the operating arm is limited in length only by the longitudinal dimension of the railing, in other words by the length of the rails, which makes it possible to have a sufficient maneuvering arm long to hang the railing at various heights possibly important, easily and safely.

The mounting of the bodyguard by one person is thus easy and easy. The immobilization of the operating arm, in the folded position of non-use of this arm, finally allows the handling and storage of the railing safely, and avoids any embarrassment and any risk due to the arm when the railing is installed. In any case, the invention will be better understood from the description which follows, with reference to the appended schematic drawing showing, by way of example, an embodiment of this mounting scaffolding railing. safe. Figure 1 is an overview, in perspective, of a scaffolding railing according to the present invention; Figure 2 is a front view of the railing of Figure 1 without its operating arm; Figure 3 is a plan view from above, corresponding to Figure 2, with comparative length indication; Figure 4 is an end view of this railing, in correspondence with Figures 2 and 3; Figure 5 shows, on an enlarged scale, detail A of Figure 1 i.e. the articulation of the operating arm; Figure 6 shows, on an enlarged scale, the detail B of Figure 2 that is to say the hook with anti-lifting device; Figure 7 shows, on an enlarged scale, the detail C of Figure 4 at one end of the guard rail; Figure 8 is a perspective view of a rolling scaffold, illustrating a first phase of mounting thereon a railing according to the preceding figures; Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 8, illustrating a subsequent phase of mounting the guardrail; Figure 10 is a view similar to the previous ones, showing the railing fully assembled, the operating arm being folded.

The guardrail of the invention, generally designated by the reference numeral 2, is completely represented in FIG. 1, where it appears that this railing consists of an elongated panel of monoblock structure 3, and an actuating arm 4 hinged to said panel. Figures 2 to 4 show more particularly the panel 3, without the maneuvering arm 4. The panel 3 of the guardrail 2 consists essentially of an inverted U-shaped tube, comprising an elongate medial portion 5 and two legs 6 and 7, and a rectilinear tube 8 connecting at their base the two legs 6 and 7. The elongated middle portion 5 forms the upper rail of the guardrail 2. The tube 8 forms the lower or sub-smooth rail of guardrail 2. The two legs 6 and 7 respectively define a first end and a second end of the guardrail 2, which are provided with hooks as specified below. At the mid-length of the panel 3, there is still provided an intermediate bar 9 which connects the upper rail 5 to the sub-rail 8.

The operating arm 4, consisting of a straight tube, is articulated about an axis 10 to the panel 3, the hinge axis 10 being located towards the second end of the railing 2, substantially at the level of the smooth 5. More particularly, the axis of articulation 10 of the operating arm is here located on one of the bends of the tube, between its middle part and one of the legs 7. As shown in more detail in FIG. 5, the hinge pin 10 is formed by a screw 11 and a non-tightened braked nut 12, screwed onto the screw 11, the latter passing through the bend of the inverted U-tube and one end of the operating arm 4. L articulation of this arm 4 thus has a slight clearance.

The top rail 5 of the panel 3 has two L-shaped hooks 13 and 14 spaced from each other and having opposite orientations. One of the hooks 13 is directed downwards and located in the central region of the upper rail 5, while the other hook 14 is directed upwards and implanted towards the second end of the guard rail 2. These two 30 hooks 13 and 14 thus constitute a kind of labyrinth in which the operating arm 4 is engaged and retained, when it is folded parallel to the top rail 5. To the second end of the railing 2, the lower rail 8 comprises two close abutments 15 and 16 protruding forward of the panel 3, on the same side as the operating arm 4. In a position of use, deployed under the panel 3 and protruding far below 2908804 9 of the sub-smooth 8 (see Figure 1), the operating arm 4 is engaged and positioned between the two stops 15 and 16. At the first end of the railing 2, the panel 3 comprises a first hook 17 carried by the leg 6 of the tube. U reversed, and 5 p thus laced to an intermediate height. As shown in particular in Figure 6, the first hook 17 is in a plane that forms an acute angle with the general plane of the panel 3. This hook 17 forms, in a manner, a lying U whose concavity is turned towards the Inside the panel 3. At the lower end of the leg 6, below the first hook 17, is fixed a protruding support lug 18, located in the plane of the panel 3. At the second end of the guardrail 2 , the panel 3 comprises two other hooks 19 and 20, superimposed, which are carried one and the other by the leg 7 of the inverted U-tube. The hook 19 is located at an intermediate height, while the hook 20 is located towards the base of the panel 3. As shown in FIG. 3, these two other hooks 19 and 20 are (seen from above) simply folded in a V-shape. attachment part being parallel to the plane of the panel 3, and their free end being provided with a beak 21 directed downwards.

While the upper hook 19 has no other features, the lower hook 20 is provided with an anti-lift device 22, visible in FIG. 1 and especially in FIG. 6. The anti-lift device 22 is itself made up of even by a hook 23, pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis 24 on the end of the hook 20.

The guardrail 2, previously described, is intended to be used on a rolling scaffold, as shown in FIG. 8. It may be, in particular, a scaffolding as described in the French patent N 2700350 in the name of the Applicant, i.e. having a cross-shaped base structure, with four legs provided with wheels 26, and a vertical structure 27 which overcomes the base structure 25. Its vertical structure 27 comprises modules superposed, each consisting of two scales 28 opposite, with vertical tubular uprights 29 connected by horizontal bars 30 regularly spaced. The two sets of opposing ladders 28 are connected to each other by diagonals 31, and trays or floors 32 are mounted horizontally between these two series of ladders 28 (only one of these floors being shown here) . The guardrail 2 of the invention 2908804 10 is provided to protect a floor level of such a scaffold rolling, this railing 2 being intended to be placed from a lower floor level, or possibly (for a first level of plank or single floor) from the ground.

Referring to FIG. 7, it should be noted that the configuration of the first hook 17 of the railing 2 is such that a tubular upright 29 of a ladder 28 can (seen from above) be inserted between this hook 17 and the tab 18. At the other end of the railing 2, the two other hooks 19 and 20 are shaped and dimensioned so that they can also surround a tubular upright 29 of a ladder 28. In addition, the vertical distance between these two other hooks 19 and 20 corresponds to the vertical distance separating two consecutive bars 30 of the scales 28. Moreover, the distance LI (measured horizontally) between the inner edge of the first hook 17 and outer edge of the other two hooks 19 and 20 must be greater than the horizontal distance L2, measured on the vertical structure 27 of the scaffold, between the outside of the bar 30 of a ladder 28 and the outside of the corresponding upright 29 of the opposite scale 28 . This is illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3. In order to assemble the guardrail 2, according to the operating mode illustrated in FIGS. 8 to 10, the operating arm 4 is deployed downwards, and it is engaged between the two stops 15 and 16 carried by the lower rail 8, taking advantage of the slight play of the joint (axis 10). As shown in FIG. 8, the railing 2 is first grasped and placed in an oblique (possibly vertical) position, to be hooked at its first end, by its first hook 17, on a scale 28 of the vertical structure 27 of the scaffold. More particularly, the hook 17 is engaged from the outside around a suitable bar 30 of this ladder 28, just behind an amount thereof. Then, as shown by an arrow F, the railing 2 gripped by its operating arm 4 is raised and straightened, by pivoting about the attachment point made by the first hook 17, until the rail 5 and the sub-smooth 8 are slightly rising from the first end of the guardrail 2, the first hook 17 then being lower than the other hook 19. Then it is exerted on the railing 2, by the intermediate maneuver arm 4, a force directed away from the first hook 17, so that it is wedged against the bar 30 which it was previously hooked. Then, the operator exerts on the railing a force first directed towards himself, to pass the other two hooks 19 and 20 around the adjacent amount 29 of the scale 28 located towards the corresponding end of the guard This passage of the hooks 19 and 20 around the upright 29 is permitted by the previously mentioned relationship between the lengths L1 and L2. Then one exerts on the guardrail 2 a horizontal force directed towards first hook 17, so that the other two hooks 19 and 20 then come to rest on two consecutive bars 30 of the scale 28 concerned, just behind the amount 29 The anti-lifting device 22, 10 fitted to the hook 20, is self-positioned under the corresponding bar 30. FIG. 9 shows the railing 2 thus positioned, thus retained by its three hooks 17, 19 and 20 resting on bars 30, while the support lug 18 is applied against an upright 29 and a ladder 28. .

Finally, the operating arm 4 is folded and immobilized against the upper rail 5, so that the railing 2 assumes its mounted configuration, allowing the use of the scaffold. In practice, as shown in FIG. 10, the two guardrails 2 which protect the floor 32 along its two longitudinal edges are laid according to the same operating mode, then the operator can stand on this floor 32 to straighten horizontally the two respective maneuvering arms 4 of these guardrails 2 and immobilize them along the upper rails 5. Of course, the dismantling of the railings 2 is feasible, from the ground, following a reverse procedure from that previously described. It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the sole embodiment of this scaffold railing which has been described above, by way of example; it embraces, on the contrary, all variants of implementation and application respecting the same principle.

It is thus, in particular, that one would not depart from the scope of the invention: by modifying the shape details and the dimensions of the railing; by articulating the operating arm on the lower rail, in which case this arm would be foldable against this lower rail, while the arm holding stops would be on the upper rail; adapting this railing, including its hooks, to various configurations of frames or ladders, including various spacings of the bars of these scales; by applying this railing not only to rolling scaffolds, but also to fixed, multi-span facade scaffolds. 5 1 0 15 20 25 35

Claims (8)

  Scaffolding guardrail for safety mounting, in particular for rolling scaffolding, the guardrail (2) comprising an upper rail (5) and a lower or sub-smooth rail (8) joined together in a one-piece structure ( 3), provided at its ends with means of the hook type (17, 19, 20) for its removable attachment to vertical frames or ladders (28) of the structure (27) of the scaffold, the guardrail (2) being capable of being set up at a level of scaffolding floor (32) to be protected from the lower floor level, by means of at least a portion of the arm (4) protruding below the sub-smooth ( 8) at least in a position of use substantially perpendicular to said sub-smooth (8), characterized in that: - a first hook (17), adapted to be engaged around a bar (30) of a frame or a vertical ladder (28) is provided at one end of the guardrail (2); - A single operating arm (4), constituting said protruding portion, is articulated towards the end of the railing (2) opposite the first hook (17); - At least one other hook (19, 20), adapted to rest on a bar (30) of a frame or a vertical ladder (28), is provided at the end of the railing (2) opposite to the first hook (17); the horizontal distance LI between the inner edge of the first hook (17) and the outer edge of the other (s) hook (s) (19, 20) being greater than the distance L2 between the outside of the bar (30) d a frame or ladder (28) and the outside of the corresponding upright (29) of the opposite frame or ladder (28).   Scaffold railing according to claim 1, characterized in that the first hook (17) is located at an intermediate height at the corresponding end of the railing (2). 10 15 2908804 14   Scaffolding guardrail according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first hook (17) is in the form of a lying-down U, and is completed by a support lug (18), the hook (17). and the support leg (18) being able to engage on either side of a vertical frame (28) or frame (29).   Scaffold railing according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the other hook, if it is single, or one of the other hooks (19, 20), has an anti-tamper device. -soulèvement (22), which can be constituted by a retainer itself hook-shaped (23), pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis (24) and adapted to take place below a bar (30). ) of frame or ladder (28).   Scaffold railing according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the operating arm (4) is articulated substantially at the upper rail (5) of the railing (2), towards one end of it. 20 2: 5 30 35   Scaffold railing according to claim 5, characterized in that the upper rail (5) comprises non-permanent retaining means (13, 14) of said operating arm (4), in a folded position substantially parallel to the upper smooth.   7. scaffolding railing according to claim 6, characterized in that said retaining means are constituted by two hooks spaced in the form of "L" (13, 14), integral with the upper rail (5) and oriented in opposite directions, so as to constitute a kind of "labyrinth" in which the maneuvering arm (4) is engageable.   8. scaffolding railing according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the lower or sub-smooth rail (8) of the guardrail (2) comprises, substantially to 2908804 15 plumb with the articulation point (10) of the operating arm (4), two close stops (15, 16) between which this arm (4) is adapted to be engaged.