FR2705712A1 - Modular building elements for the construction of pillars. - Google Patents

Abstract

Modular construction elements (1) to allow, by dry assembly, without cement, the creation of pillars (2), all the construction elements (1), forming a pillar (2), are stiffened between them thanks to a means acting as a stiffener (26) screwed at its two ends, by means of nuts (30) and anchoring lugs (21a, 21b). The pillar (2) has, at its upper end, a cap provided with at least one hole (28) which is placed in the extension of the openings (5) defining the hollow vertical shaft (6) but whose section is less than that of said openings (5) so that the hole (28) is used to fill with concrete and / or other materials, up to the level of the upper face of the cap (27), the hollow vertical shaft (6). Construction of pillars.

Description

 The invention relates to the building industry and relates more particularly to modular building elements intended for the erection of pillars.

 These construction elements are generally constituted by hollow polyhedrons with several faces, or hollow cylinders or hollow ovoids.

 Two of these faces are formed of two open parallel flat bases which delimit, inside the tube or the polyhedron, an axial opening perpendicular to the planes of the two bases.

 The method of building a pillar consists of superimposing several of these construction elements up to the desired height of the pillar to be erected, so that the axial openings of the superimposed tubes or polyhedra define a hollow vertical shaft.

 The present invention provides a device for stiffening the pillars.

 Such construction elements as well as the manufacture of pillars which results therefrom have already been described and represented in numerous French patent applications.

 Patent application FR-A-2,558,870 relates to a process for manufacturing construction elements intended for the erection of modular pillars, which is remarkable in that it consists, firstly, in producing hollow polyhedra with six faces formed of two open parallel flat bases delimiting an opening and four lateral side walls internally and externally butted perpendicularly to one another and, in a second step, to be fixed on the exterior flat surfaces of the lateral walls facing bricks intended to reproduce the appearance of a traditional construction of a classic pillar.

 In this document, the process has two main stages, the first consists in making hollow polyhedra with six faces and the second in fixing exterior decorative elements.

 This is not the case with the present invention, which has no truly decorative purpose.

 Patent application FR-A-2,596,791 relates to a hollow cylindrical construction element for the erection of ornamental columns with climbing plants. Said element has, at least on one end face, a peripheral inclined draft corresponding to the thickness of the wall. Its opposite extreme face is of frustoconical configuration complementary to the body.

Hole recesses receive spacers serving as spacers.

 This document only relates to building components.

 Thus, these documents do not relate to a device for stiffening the pillars obtained using modular building elements.

 For this purpose, the construction elements are of modular type to allow, by dry assembly, without cement, the creation of pillars, each construction element consisting of a hollow tube or polyhedron having an upper planar base and a planar base. lower, open and parallel to each other, as well as one or more vertical side walls defining a central opening of said tube or polyhedron.

 Said pillars are built by superimposing several of these elements, so that the openings of the superimposed tubes or polyhedra define a hollow vertical shaft; the building elements, forming a pillar, are stiffened together by means serving as a stiffener traversing all of the openings, and screwed at its two ends by means of nuts and anchoring lugs.

 These construction elements are characterized by the fact that the pillar has, at its upper end, a cap provided with at least one hole which is placed in the extension of the openings defining the vertical hollow barrel but whose section is smaller than that of said openings so that the hole is used to fill with concrete or other materials, up to the level of the upper face of the hat, the hollow vertical barrel.

 The upper anchoring leg is formed by the pillar cap.

 The lower anchoring lug is formed by a metal washer having an internal thread, which allows the screwing of the means acting as a stiffener.

 The lower anchoring lug is formed by a metal washer against which is mounted at least one lower nut screwed onto the means acting as a stiffener.

 The hollow vertical barrel is reinforced by the presence of at least one longitudinal iron, one end of which is curved so that the sealing of each iron is ensured.

 The lower anchoring lug is positioned inside a tube running longitudinally through the lower part of the hollow vertical shaft.

 The lower anchoring lug as well as the lower nut and the lower end of the means acting as a stiffener are positioned inside a tube running longitudinally through the lower part of the hollow vertical shaft.

 Each metal washer forming the lower anchoring leg also has at least one hole allowing the passage of a longitudinal iron so that the positioning of the lower anchoring leg is ensured.

 Each metal washer forming the lower anchoring lug has a shape corresponding to the section of the tube so that the washer delimits two compartments inside said tube.

 The attached drawings are given as indicative and non-limiting examples. They represent two preferred embodiments according to the invention. They will allow the invention to be easily understood.

 FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of a pillar produced using the construction elements of the present invention.

 Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of a pillar on which is mounted an opening.

 Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the sealing base and the stiffening device thereof.

 Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the sealing base and the stiffening device thereof, according to another embodiment.

 Figure 5 shows a perspective view of an element forming the pillar sealing base.

 Figure 6 shows a perspective and exploded view of the entire pillar, according to the invention.

 Figure 7 shows a perspective view with a partial section of the pillar once mounted, according to the invention.

 The construction elements 1 are of modular type and can be mounted on top of each other in order to form pillars 2.

 Each building element is formed by a hollow tube or polyhedron 3; the lower bases of each hollow polyhedron 3 are parallel and have an opening 5 which delimits one or more vertical walls 4; each pillar 2 being built by superposition of the elements 1, the openings 5 are also superimposed in order to define a hollow vertical barrel 6.

 So that the pillar 2 has good resistance to bad weather and to years, the construction elements 1 forming the pillar 2 are stiffened together by means acting as a stiffener 26.

 This means 26, which can be constituted by a threaded rod but can also be constituted by a chain, a cable or any known stiffening means, is mounted longitudinally inside the openings 5 forming the hollow vertical barrel 6.

 According to an embodiment presented in FIG. 4, the means acting as a stiffener 26 is screwed at its two ends, by means of lower 29 and upper 30 nuts.

 These nuts 29 and 30 allow attachment to the anchoring lugs 21a and 21c.

 According to another embodiment presented in Figures 2 and 3, the means acting as a stiffener 26 is screwed at its two ends, thanks, on the one hand to the upper nut 30 and on the other hand to an anchoring lug threaded lower 21b.

 In addition, the pillar 2 has, at its upper end, a cap 29 which, for its part, has two holes 28 which will allow the filling of the interior of the pillar 2, that is to say of the hollow vertical barrel 6 , after mounting the pillar.

 The lower anchoring lugs 21b and 21c are, according to Figures 2, 3 and 4 formed by a metal washer whose main hole allows the passage of the means 26, at its central hole, not referenced here.

 The metal washer also has a hole 38 which allows the passage of each longitudinal iron 31 present inside the pillar 2.

 The longitudinal bars 31 each have a curved end at the square used for sealing said bars 31.

 The anchoring lug 21b allows the screwing of the means 26 while the anchoring lug 21c allows the locking of the lower nut 29 which will be used to screw said means 26.

 To achieve this result, it is obvious that the lower part of the means acting as a stiffener 26, provided either with the lower anchoring lug 21c, or with the lower nut 29 and the lower anchoring lug 21b, must be positioned inside pillar 2.

 In addition, the lower anchoring lug 21b is provided with a bore to allow the passage of the means 26 and with a smaller bore 28 per iron 31 to also allow the passage of each iron 31.

 The interior of the hollow vertical barrel 6 can contain, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, two irons 31 which allow the pillar 2 to be made even more rigid.

 The number of irons 31 is not limiting.

 To facilitate manufacture, as well as to isolate the stiffening element of the pillar 2, the means 26, the lower fixing elements, as well as the irons 31 are insulated inside a tube 32 which runs longitudinally through the part bottom of the hollow vertical shaft 6.

 The process for manufacturing such a pillar 2 is as follows.

 In a seal 33, for example concrete, as shown in Figure 3 or 4, the importance of which is determined by the lift of the ground, we place, for example, two longitudinal bars 31, whose length outside of the sealing 33 is determined by the height of the pillar 2.

 Before the concrete forming the seal 33 has been set, the longitudinal tube 32 is inserted, enveloping the irons 31.

 Then, there are two possibilities, either fill the longitudinal tube 2 with concrete on the lower half of the height, then place the first construction element 1 against the seal 33, said first element 1 being positioned at the using a concrete footing 36, either concrete is not filled over the lower half of the height of said tube 2.

After this, the irons 31 are threaded, the means 26 provided either with the lower anchoring tab 21b, or with its lower nut 29 and its anchoring tab 21c inside the tube 32
The longitudinal tube 32 is filled to the brim with concrete 35.

 The means 26, once positioned, the concrete 35 is allowed to dry, then, we can start to mount all of the elements 1 forming the pillar 2 and to fill the empty spaces around the tube 32 with earth, gravel or stones, depending on the use that will be made of the pillar and the forces it will have to undergo.

 However, if you want absolute solidity, you can fill these empty spaces with concrete.

 This filling of the hollow vertical barrel 6 is carried out up to the upper face of the last element 1 forming the pillar 2, so that only the upper end of the means 26 protrudes from the pillar 2.

 After packing or drying, depending on the nature of the filling material used, the cap 27 can be positioned so that the upper end of the means acting as a stiffener 26 comes out through the central hole in the cap 27.

 Outside the tube 32, the two longitudinal bars 31 which enclose the means 26 are connected to each other by means of a splice 37.

 The cap 27 being positioned, only exceeds the upper end of the means 26 on which the upper nut 30 will be able to be screwed in order to block all of the elements 1 of the pillar 2.

 After final drying, the nut 30 is locked against the cap 27.

 Finally, to make the pillar 2 a pleasant appearance, the holes 28, which remain free, are filled with concrete 35 in order to form an upper face of the cap 27 uniformly smooth.

 Likewise, a housing can be provided in which the screwed nut 30 will be able to be erased, this housing possibly being then covered with concrete 35, so that none of the constituent elements of the means acting as a stiffener 26 will be visible from the outside once pillar 2 is built.

 The mounting of the pillar 2 is intended to support, in particular openings 34, of a relatively considerable weight so that the stiffening of the pillar is compulsory.

 According to the preferred embodiment of the pillar 2, the tube 3, as can be seen in FIG. 2, saves the cost of filling with concrete said tube 3 under the lower anchoring lug 21c, the latter having a shape corresponding to the section of the tube 3, so that the concrete 35, which is added above the anchoring lug 21c, cannot flow under said lug 21c.

 The tab 21c also makes it possible to keep the longitudinal bars 31 parallel to one another in the same pillar 2.

 REFERENCES 1. Building elements 2. Pillars 3. Tubes or hollow polyhedra 4. Vertical side walls 5. Central opening 6. Hollow vertical drum 21a. Upper anchoring bracket 21b. 21c threaded lower anchor. Lower anchoring leg 26. Means acting as a stiffener 27. Pillar cap 28. Cap hole 29. Lower nut 30. Upper nut 31. Longitudinal iron 32. Longitudinal tube 33. Sealing 34. Opening 35. Filling concrete 36 Concrete footing 37. Splicing 38. Hole in the lower anchoring lug allowing the passage of a longitudinal iron.

Claims (9)

 1. Modular type building elements (1) to allow, by dry assembly, without cement, the creation of pillars (2), each building element (1) consisting of a hollow tube or polyhedron (3) having an upper planar base and a lower planar base, open and parallel to each other, as well as one or more vertical side walls (4) delimiting a central opening (5) of said tube or polyhedron (3), said pillars (2) being built by superimposing several of these elements (1), so that the openings (5) of the superimposed tubes or polyhedra (3) define a vertical hollow shaft (6) the construction elements (1), forming a pillar (2), are stiffened together by means of a stiffener (26) running through all of the openings (5), and screwed at its two ends, by means of nuts (29 and / or 30) and lugs anchoring (21a, 21b and / or 21c) characterized by the fact  that the pillar (2) has, at its upper end, a cap (27) provided with at least one hole (28) which is placed in the extension of the openings (5) defining the vertical hollow shaft (6) but whose section is smaller than that of said openings (5) so that the hole (28) is used to fill concrete (35) and / or other materials, up to the level of the upper face of the cap (27), the vertical hollow shaft (6).  2. Elements according to claim 1 characterized by the fact  that the upper anchoring lug (21a) is formed by the cap (27) of the pillar (2).  3. Elements according to claim 1 characterized by the fact  that the lower anchoring lug (21b) is formed by a metal washer having an internal thread which allows the screwing of the means acting as a stiffener (26).  4. Elements according to claim 1 characterized by the fact  that the lower anchoring lug (21c) is formed by a metal washer against which is mounted at least one lower nut (29) screwed onto the means acting as a stiffener (26).  5. Elements according to claim 1 characterized by the fact  that the hollow vertical barrel (6) is reinforced by the presence of at least one longitudinal iron (31) whose lower end is curved, so that the sealing of each iron (31) is ensured.  6. Elements according to any one of claims 1 or 3 in fact  that the lower anchoring lug (21b) is positioned inside a tube (32) running longitudinally through the lower part of the hollow vertical barrel (6).  7. Elements according to any one of claims 1 or 4 characterized by the fact  that the lower anchoring lug (21c) as well as the lower nut (29) and the lower end of the means (26) are positioned inside a tube (32) running longitudinally through the lower part of the vertical drum hollow (6).  8. Elements according to any one of claims 3 or 4 characterized by the fact  that each metal washer forming the lower anchoring lug (21b or 21c) also has at least one hole (38) allowing the passage of a longitudinal iron (31) so that the positioning of the lower anchoring lug (21b or 21c) is insured.  9. Elements according to any one of claims 3,4 or 8 characterized in that  that each metal washer forming the lower anchoring tab (21b or 21c) has a shape corresponding to the section of the tube (2) so that the washer delimits two compartments inside said tube (2).